CN113101754A - 包括抗过敏的物质的过滤介质 - Google Patents

包括抗过敏的物质的过滤介质 Download PDF

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CN113101754A
CN113101754A CN202011446797.XA CN202011446797A CN113101754A CN 113101754 A CN113101754 A CN 113101754A CN 202011446797 A CN202011446797 A CN 202011446797A CN 113101754 A CN113101754 A CN 113101754A
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filter medium
substance
functional layer
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antiallergic
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I·于嫩
S·布劳特
U·黑夫纳
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Carl Freudenberg KG
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种包括抗过敏的物质的过滤介质。所述过滤介质(10)具有功能层(2)和两个无纺织物层(1)，其中，所述功能层(2)设置无纺织物层(1)之间并且包含抗过敏的物质。按照本发明，所述抗过敏的物质以可倾倒的或可流动的固体(3)的形式存在。通过本发明给出一种过滤介质，其具有改善的抗过敏的特性并且在此在制造和处理上更简单。

Description

包括抗过敏的物质的过滤介质
技术领域
本发明涉及一种按照权利要求1的前序部分的过滤介质。
本发明也涉及一种按照权利要求11的包括这样的过滤介质的过滤元件。
背景技术
由DE 10 2013 021 071 A1已经已知多层的过滤介质，其具有抗过敏的过滤层、抗微生物的过滤层、颗粒过滤层和气味过滤层。经常抗过敏的过滤层在外面设置在过滤介质上，借此可以进行抗过敏的物质的良好的释放。不利在此的是，只可困难地保证抗过敏的过滤层的长期作用。
按照现有技术，产生抗过敏的层，其方式为：抗过敏的物质通过过滤层的浸渍、覆层、轧染、浸轧或浸入形成。在此不利的是耗费的方法技术。
另一种过滤介质在EP 3 162 425 A1中说明。
发明内容
本发明的任务是，提供一种过滤介质，其具有改善的抗过敏的特性并且在此在制造和处理上更简单。
技术解决方案
该任务通过具有权利要求1的特征的过滤介质的解决。
按照本发明识别为有利的是，将抗过敏的物质以可倾倒(松散)的或可流动的固体的形式设置：
按照本发明的过滤介质具有功能层和两个无纺织物层，其中，所述功能层设置在两个无纺织物层之间。无纺织物在这里尤其是理解为按照DIN EN ISO 2019-08的定义的无纺织物。过滤介质的功能层包含抗过敏的物质。所述抗过敏的物质用于，例如将最精细的花粉颗粒和由过滤介质的无纺织物层不可以完全制止的其他过敏原这样改变，使得其对于人的免疫系统无害。按照本发明，抗过敏的物质以可倾倒的或可流动的固体的形式在功能层中引入。可倾倒的或可流动的固体可以在制造过滤介质时干燥地撒入。这样的过滤介质借此具有简单的生产的优点，因为可倾倒的或可(自由)流动的固体可简单地操作。此外通过过滤介质的构造，功能层通过两个在外面设置的无纺织物层保护：亦即存在功能层针对机械的负荷的良好的保护。按照本发明的过滤介质的另一个优点在于高程度的环境兼容性和人体相容性，因为功能层的内部材料在产品寿命周期包括过滤介质的处置中不会出来。由此产生另一个优点，即，抗过敏的物质基于其在功能层中的中心的定位可以缓慢并且均匀地释放。
在按照本发明的过滤介质的一种特别有利的并且因此优选的进一步构成中，所述固体是颗粒，也称为粒状的物质或粒状的介质。颗粒理解为粉末形、球形、粒形、灰尘形或谷粒形，尤其是具有200-700μm的颗粒直径、也称为粒度。在较粗的颗粒中，不再确保抗过敏的物质在过滤介质的面上的均匀的分布。抗过敏的物质尤其是以2-250g/m2的浓度存在，特别优选在使用柠檬酸时以20-25g/m2的浓度存在。这确保过滤介质的良好的抗过敏作用。
按照第一变型，过滤介质的抗过敏的物质可以包含多酚、如儿茶素、类黄酮、单宁例如单宁酸。在另一种实施变型方案中，过滤介质的抗过敏的物质可以包含果酸、例如柠檬酸。
在按照本发明的过滤介质的进一步构成中，功能层包含以可倾倒的或可流动的固体形式的吸附性的物质、尤其是活性炭。令人意料不到地发现，活性炭的吸附能力在功能层中使用活性炭与柠檬酸颗粒的混合时不差于在使用单纯形式的活性炭的情况。通过设置吸附性的物质，可以通过过滤介质附加地还吸附干扰的或有毒的气体。
所述功能层也可以包含用于使空气流的有气味的物质，所述空气流经过过滤介质。这样的物质可以例如是香茅醛、香茅醇、乙基香兰素和柠檬烯。如果这些物质在过滤介质的气候运行条件中通常以液体的形式存在，则这些物质可以例如通过基于例如硅胶、沸石和超吸收剂的固体被接收，从而所述气味物质作为可倾倒的或可流动的固体存在。
所述功能层也可以包含抗微生物的物质、例如金属或金属化合物，其阻止，过滤介质由微生物、例如真菌、霉菌、细菌或藻类侵袭。
对于功能层的构造，可设想两个备选方案。按照第一备选方案，所述功能层具有由抗过敏的和吸附性的物质的混合物构成的层。即，可倾倒的或可流动的固体与抗过敏的和吸附性的物质充分混合地存在并且一起构成一个层，所述层也可以称为基质层。对于附加地还设置用于产生气味的物质和/或抗微生物的物质的情况，则它们可以同样包含在所述混合物中。
在第二变型中，功能层具有至少两层，包括由抗过敏的物质制成的层和由吸附性的物质制成的另一层。对于也设置用于产生气味的物质和/或抗微生物的物质的情况，则用于产生气味的物质和/或抗微生物的物质可以在其他的层中构成功能层的一部分。
在过滤介质的进一步构成中，所述功能层的物质借助粘合剂彼此连接并且与无纺织物层连接。粘合剂可以例如以熔化胶粘剂珠的形式或以在喷涂中引入的细的粘合剂丝的形式存在。
在按照本发明的过滤介质的一种特别有利的并且因此优选的进一步构成中，至少一个无纺织物层具有亲水的特性和/或至少一个无纺织物层具有疏水的特性。此外能够影响，多少湿气多快速地渗透到功能层中并且释放抗过敏的物质。通过无纺织物层的对应的亲水的或疏水的特性，可以这样保证抗过敏的物质的缓慢的和均匀的释放。无纺织物层的亲水的或疏水的特性能够主要通过加固的类型、借助浸渍并且通过协调的材料选择引起。这样所述无纺织物，尤其是依赖于原材料的吸水能力由聚碳酸酯(PC)制成具有亲水的特性并且由聚丙烯(PP)制成具有疏水的特性。
本发明也涉及一种包括如上说明的过滤介质的过滤元件，其用于在可移动的设备、尤其是车辆、船或飞行器的通风设备中的空气过滤。
所述的本发明和本发明的所述有利的进一步构成也彼此结合——只要其在技术上合适——构成本发明的有利的进一步构成。
本发明的关于其他优点和在结构的和功能方面有利的设计在参考附图的情况下参阅从属权利要求以及对实施例的说明。
附图说明
应该借助附图更详细地解释本发明。彼此对应的元件和构件在图中设有相同的附图标记。为了所述图的更好的明了性，放弃忠于比例的图示。
在示意的图中：
图1示出过滤介质，包括具有抗过敏的物质的功能层和两个无纺织物层；
图2示出过滤介质，包括具有抗过敏的和吸附性的物质的功能层和两个无纺织物层；
图3示出过滤介质的另一种实施形式，包括抗过敏的和吸附性的物质的功能层和两个无纺织物层
图4示出包括打褶的过滤介质的过滤元件。
具体实施方式
图1示出过滤介质10的第一实施形式，所述过滤介质用于过滤空气流L。过滤介质10具有两个无纺织物层1和在其间设置的功能层2。所述功能层2包含抗过敏的物质3，所述物质以可倾倒的或可流动的固体、即颗粒的形式存在。
在按照图2的过滤介质10的实施形式中，所述功能层2具有两层，即包括抗过敏的物质3的第一层和包括吸附性的物质4的第二层。所述吸附性的物质可以例如是活性炭。吸附性的物质也以可倾倒的或可流动的固体的形式、尤其是以颗粒的形式存在。在功能层2上的物质借助粘合剂5彼此连接并且与无纺织物层1连接。
如在图3中示出的，过滤介质10的功能层2可以具有由抗过敏的和吸附性的物质3、4的混合物制成的层。所述抗过敏的物质3和吸附性的物质4共同构成基质层，所述基质层设置在无纺织物层1之间。
图4示出过滤元件100的一部分。过滤介质10打褶并且设有折叠棱边20，从而所述过滤元件具有较大的过滤面积。这样的过滤元件100可以附加地设有棱边带或框架(未示出)并且在可移动的设备的通风设备中使用，例如在车辆、船或飞行器中使用。
附图标记列表
1 无纺织物层
2 功能层
3 作为颗粒的抗过敏的物质
4 作为颗粒的吸附性的物质
5 粘合剂
10 过滤介质
20 折叠棱边
100 过滤元件
L 空气流

Claims (11)

1.过滤介质(10)，所述过滤介质包括功能层(2)和两个无纺织物层(1)，其中，所述功能层(2)设置在无纺织物层(1)之间，所述功能层(2)包含抗过敏的物质，其特征在于，所述抗过敏的物质以可倾倒的或可流动的固体(3)的形式存在。
2.按照权利要求1所述的过滤介质，其特征在于，所述固体是颗粒(3)。
3.按照上述权利要求之一所述的过滤介质，其特征在于，所述抗过敏的物质(3)包含多酚或果酸。
4.按照上述权利要求之一所述的过滤介质，其特征在于，所述功能层(2)包含可倾倒的或可流动的形式的吸附性的物质(4)、尤其是活性炭。
5.按照上述权利要求之一所述的过滤元件，其特征在于，所述功能层(2)包含用于产生气味的物质。
6.按照上述权利要求之一所述的过滤介质，其特征在于，所述功能层(2)包含抗微生物的物质。
7.按照权利要求4至6之一所述的过滤介质，其特征在于，所述功能层(2)具有由抗过敏的和吸附性的物质(3、4)的混合物制成的层。
8.按照权利要求4至6之一所述的过滤介质，其特征在于，所述功能层(2)具有两层，包括由抗过敏的物质(3)制成的第一层和由吸附性的物质(4)制成的第二层。
9.按照上述权利要求之一所述的过滤介质，其特征在于，所述功能层(2)的物质借助粘合剂(5)彼此连接并且与无纺织物层(1)连接。
10.按照上述权利要求之一所述的过滤介质，其特征在于，至少一个无纺织物层(1)具有亲水的特性和/或至少一个无纺织物层(1)具有疏水的特性。
11.过滤元件(100)，包括按照上述权利要求之一所述的过滤介质(10)，以用于在可移动的设备、尤其是车辆、船或飞行器中的通风设备的空气过滤。
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