CN113087581B

CN113087581B - Liquid explosive with medium and low detonation velocity and preparation process thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113087581B
Application number: CN202010022196.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 薛冰; 张冰冰; 杨文涛; 代永富; 蒲传金; 肖定军
Original assignee: Southwest University of Science and Technology
Current assignee: Southwest University of Science and Technology
Priority date: 2020-01-09
Filing date: 2020-01-09
Publication date: 2023-09-29
Anticipated expiration: 2040-01-09
Also published as: CN113087581A

Abstract

The liquid explosive consists of the following components in percentage by mass: 45-88% of liquid explosive, 1-6% of a viscosity agent, 2-7% of a sensitizer and 9-42% of a water-absorbent resin. The medium-low detonation velocity liquid explosive has the following advantages: (1) The energy density of the liquid explosive is diluted, and the explosion speed of the liquid explosive is reduced; (2) The detonation velocity is easy to control, the detonation velocity can be conveniently regulated, the components in the system are uniformly distributed, and the energy density is uniform; (3) Reliable detonation, easy control of detonation velocity, low mechanical sensitivity and high safety; (4) A large amount of water is brought into the liquid explosive and is uniformly mixed, so that the explosion temperature generated during explosion is reduced, water mist is generated during explosion, and the generated harmful gas and dust are absorbed; (5) The operation is convenient, the preparation method is simple, and the use cost is reduced.

Description

Liquid explosive with medium and low detonation velocity and preparation process thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to a liquid explosive with medium and low explosion velocity, which belongs to an explosive formula and a preparation process thereof

Background

The liquid explosive has low price, simple preparation, large power, easy filling, and arbitrary shape change, can fully overcome the defects of the liquid explosive for some space inconvenient to fill with the solid explosive, and has better filling, and has application value in the aspects of deep hole blasting or research, such as geological exploration, micro blasting, explosive welding, oil and gas reservoir exploitation and the like. Most of the liquid explosives used in the exploitation of oil and gas reservoirs at present are sensitized by high-energy high-explosive, the explosion speed is high, the control is difficult, the well bore is damaged to a certain extent, most of the high-energy high-explosive still exists in a solid form, the system is unevenly distributed, the energy density is uneven, and the high-energy high-explosive has high cost; the explosive used in explosion welding mainly comprises expanded ammonium nitrate explosive, powdery emulsion explosive, ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and the like, but when the explosive is used in explosion welding, the detonation and detonation sensitivity is low, for example, the ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive needs special detonating explosive and the like, the booster property is unstable, quality flaws are easily caused, and the explosive is solid explosive with poor fluidity, so that the problems of inconvenient operation, difficult explosive spreading, difficult control of detonation speed, uneven energy density and the like are caused.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to solve the technical problems, the invention aims to provide the liquid explosive with medium and low detonation velocity, which can effectively control the detonation velocity and reduce the detonation temperature, and meanwhile, the components in the system are uniformly distributed, the energy density is uniform, the operation is convenient, the medicine spreading is simple, the fluidity is good, and the liquid explosive requirements in the technical fields of oil and gas reservoir exploitation, explosion welding and the like are met.

Another object of the invention is: provides a preparation process of a liquid explosive with medium and low detonation velocity.

The purpose of the invention is realized in the following way: a medium and low detonation velocity liquid explosive is characterized in that: the liquid explosive is prepared by mixing liquid explosive, a viscous agent, a sensitizer and a water-absorbent resin, and comprises the following components in percentage by mass:

45-88% of liquid explosive

1-6% of a viscous agent

2-7% of sensitizer

9-42% of a water-absorbent resin.

The invention relates to a medium-low detonation velocity liquid explosive, which is prepared by the following steps:

(1) Adding 1-6 parts of a viscous agent into 45-88 parts of liquid explosive, properly stirring and standing for 3-5 hours;

(2) Adding 9-42 parts of water-absorbent resin into the mixed liquid in the step (1), and uniformly stirring;

(3) And (3) adding 2-7 parts of sensitizer into the mixed liquid prepared in the step (2), and uniformly stirring to obtain the medium-low detonation velocity liquid explosive.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the liquid explosive is an elemental liquid explosive or a mixed liquid explosive, such as nitromethane. The advantages of the adoption of the preferred scheme are that: (1) nitromethane has good fluidity; (2) sensitization is easier and the critical diameter is smaller.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the viscosity agent is one or more of a solvent which is readily soluble in the liquid explosive or a readily dispersible viscous liquid, such as cellulose acetate. The advantages of the adoption of the preferred scheme are that: (1) The physical and chemical properties of the cellulose acetate are stable, and the cellulose acetate does not chemically react with each component in the invention; (2) The operation is simple, and the density and viscosity of the liquid explosive can be well regulated.

In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sensitizer is used for increasing the detonation sensitivity of the liquid explosive, and may be, for example, glass microspheres. The advantages of the adoption of the preferred scheme are that: the glass microspheres are physical sensitizers, so that the safety is high; (2) The cost is low, and the detonation sensitivity of the liquid explosive can be effectively improved.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the water-absorbent resin may have a particle diameter of less than 0.5mm before water absorption and a particle diameter of less than 1mm after water absorption, for example, a super absorbent resin. The advantages of the adoption of the preferred scheme are that: (1) The super absorbent resin is convenient to purchase, low in price and convenient to select various particle sizes; (2) The fluidity of the liquid explosive is ensured, the energy density of the explosive is effectively diluted, and the explosion speed of the liquid explosive is reduced; (3) The explosion temperature of the explosive can be effectively reduced due to the absorption of a large amount of water.

The working principle of the low-explosion-speed liquid explosive in the invention is as follows: after the viscous agent, the water-absorbent resin and the sensitizer are added into the nitromethane, all the components in the system are uniformly distributed, the water-absorbent resin is used as a diluent, the energy density of the liquid explosive is diluted, the detonation velocity of the liquid explosive can be effectively reduced, a large amount of water is brought into the water-absorbent resin, a large amount of water mist is generated during detonation, the detonation temperature of the liquid explosive can be effectively reduced, and harmful gases and dust are absorbed.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects.

(1) The energy density of the liquid explosive is diluted, and the detonation velocity of the liquid explosive is reduced.

(2) The liquid explosive is mixed with great amount of water to reduce the explosion temperature and produce water mist to absorb harmful gas and dust.

(3) The detonation velocity is easy to control, the detonation velocity can be conveniently regulated, the components in the system are uniformly distributed, and the energy density is uniform.

(4) The operation is convenient, the preparation method is simple, and the use cost is reduced.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the process for preparing the liquid explosive.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the liquid explosive charge of the present invention, wherein 1 is a liquid explosive, 2 is a viscous agent, 3 is a water-absorbent resin, and 4 is a sensitizer.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following specific embodiments.

Example 1:

adding 4.5g of cellulose acetate into 72g of nitromethane, standing, stirring uniformly after all the cellulose acetate is dissolved, adding 20.00g of water-absorbent resin after water absorption expansion, stirring uniformly, adding 3.50g of glass microspheres, and stirring uniformly. The detonation velocity measured is shown in table 1.

Example 2:

adding 4g of cellulose acetate into 62.5g of nitromethane, standing, stirring uniformly after all the cellulose acetate is dissolved, adding 30.00g of water-absorbent resin after water absorption expansion, stirring uniformly, adding 3.50g of glass microspheres, and stirring uniformly. The detonation velocity measured is shown in table 1.

Example 3:

3.5g of cellulose acetate is added into 53g of nitromethane, the mixture is kept stand, after all the cellulose acetate is dissolved, the mixture is stirred uniformly, 40.00g of water-absorbent resin which swells after absorbing water is added, the mixture is stirred uniformly, 3.50g of glass microspheres are added, and the mixture is stirred uniformly. The detonation velocity measured is shown in table 1.

TABLE 1 detonation velocities of various formulations of liquid explosives

Claims

1. A medium and low detonation velocity liquid explosive is characterized in that: the coating is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 45-88% of liquid explosive, 1-6% of a viscosity agent, 2-7% of a sensitizer and 9-42% of a water-absorbent resin; the water-absorbent resin comprises the following components: the water=1:20-30, the particle size is smaller than 0.5mm before water absorption, the particle size is smaller than 1mm after water absorption, the density is close to that of the liquid explosive after water absorption, the water-absorbing resin can be uniformly distributed into the liquid explosive, the water-absorbing resin can serve as a diluent to dilute the energy density of the liquid explosive, the explosion speed of the liquid explosive is reduced, meanwhile, the water-absorbing resin brings a large amount of water, the explosion temperature of the liquid explosive is reduced, the water-absorbing resin can serve as a thickener, the density of the mixed explosive can be regulated, and the fluidity of the liquid explosive can be ensured; the viscous agent is one or more of a solvent which is easy to dissolve in the liquid explosive or a viscous liquid which is easy to disperse, the density and the viscosity of the liquid explosive are regulated, the water-absorbent resin and the sensitizer can be uniformly mixed in the liquid explosive, and the layering phenomenon is avoided.

2. The medium and low detonation velocity liquid explosive according to claim 1, wherein the liquid explosive is an elemental liquid explosive or a mixed liquid explosive.

3. The medium and low detonation velocity liquid explosive according to claim 1, wherein: the sensitizer is used for improving the detonation sensitivity and detonation sensitivity of the liquid explosive.

4. The medium and low detonation velocity liquid explosive according to claim 1, wherein: the liquid explosive, the viscous agent, the sensitizer and the water-absorbent resin are stable in property and are not subjected to chemical reaction when being mixed with each other.

5. The method for preparing the medium-low detonation velocity liquid explosive according to claims 1 to 4, wherein the method comprises the following steps: firstly, adding a viscous agent into the selected liquid explosive, properly stirring, standing for 3-5 hours, and adding the water-absorbent resin and the sensitizer and continuously stirring until the mixture is uniform.