CN110627591B - Industrial explosive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Industrial explosive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN110627591B CN110627591B CN201910861393.8A CN201910861393A CN110627591B CN 110627591 B CN110627591 B CN 110627591B CN 201910861393 A CN201910861393 A CN 201910861393A CN 110627591 B CN110627591 B CN 110627591B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B21/00—Apparatus or methods for working-up explosives, e.g. forming, cutting, drying
- C06B21/0008—Compounding the ingredient
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C06—EXPLOSIVES; MATCHES
- C06B—EXPLOSIVES OR THERMIC COMPOSITIONS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF; USE OF SINGLE SUBSTANCES AS EXPLOSIVES
- C06B31/00—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt
- C06B31/28—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate
- C06B31/30—Compositions containing an inorganic nitrogen-oxygen salt the salt being ammonium nitrate with vegetable matter; with resin; with rubber
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Abstract
The invention provides an industrial explosive and a preparation method thereof, wherein the industrial explosive comprises the following raw materials: powdery explosive, oil-soluble adhesive and granular ammonium nitrate; wherein the oil soluble binder comprises petrolatum and glycerin. The oil-soluble adhesive formed by the mixture of vaseline and glycerol ensures that the surface of the granular ammonium nitrate has good oil absorption and moisture absorption resistance, so that the explosive can be prevented from caking, and the storage is easy and stable; the sensitization hot spot can be effectively protected, and the detonation sensitivity of the explosive during explosion is improved; meanwhile, the explosive property of the explosive is improved, so that the detonation reaction is complete, and the discharge of toxic gas during blasting is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of industrial explosives, in particular to an industrial explosive and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Industrial explosives, also known as civil explosives, are widely used in various industries such as coal mine metallurgy, petroleum geology, traffic hydropower, forestry and construction, metal processing, controlled blasting and the like due to the characteristics of low cost, simple manufacture, reliable application and the like. With the continuous development of economic construction of various countries, the output requirement of industrial explosives is continuously increased.
At present, the powder explosive is one of industrial explosives which are widely applied in China, and is mainly prepared by physically mixing raw materials such as ammonium nitrate, fuel oil, additives and the like. Although the powdery explosive has stronger detonation force and better sensitivity, the density and the free-running property are poorer; moreover, the detonation reaction is incomplete, so that toxic gas generated by explosion is increased; meanwhile, ammonium nitrate in the raw material has hygroscopicity, so that the ammonium nitrate is easy to agglomerate and is difficult to store.
In view of the above problems of the powdery explosive, researchers have conducted modification studies on the powdery explosive, for example, by adding granular ammonium nitrate having a relatively high density to the powdery explosive, the density and the free-running property of the powdery explosive are improved; however, the granular ammonium nitrate and the powdery explosive are only mixed loosely, so that the problem that the granular ammonium nitrate is easy to agglomerate and is difficult to store is still not solved; and the defect that the detonation reaction is incomplete, so that the toxic gas generated by explosion is increased.
Thus, researchers have improved the structure of the powder explosive, for example, chinese patent document CN106748596A discloses a non-elemental explosive viscous explosive and a preparation method thereof, the non-elemental explosive viscous explosive is prepared by first uniformly mixing porous granular ammonium nitrate with light diesel oil, then uniformly mixing the mixture with an aqueous solution of an adhesive polyacrylamide, and finally adding an expansion oil nitramine, and uniformly mixing to obtain the non-elemental explosive viscous explosive (wherein the expansion oil nitramine is prepared by taking ammonium nitrate, a dispersant, sodium nitrate, a solid composite oil phase and a liquid composite oil phase as raw materials). In the patent document, a mixture of porous granular ammonium nitrate and light diesel oil and expanded oil nitramine are bonded together by adopting an adhesive to form a compact powder-coated granular structure, so that the density and the free-running property of the powdery explosive are improved, the detonation reaction is complete, and toxic gas generated in explosion is reduced; however, the water-soluble adhesive adopted in the document causes partial sensitization hot spots in the swelling oil nitramine to be dissolved by water in the mixing process, so that partial sensitization hot spots disappear, and the detonation sensitivity is reduced; meanwhile, as the main raw material ammonium nitrate in the expanded oil nitramine is easy to dissolve in water, when the expanded oil nitramine is mixed with a water-soluble adhesive, the ammonium nitrate absorbs water along with the change of temperature or humidity, so that the explosive is agglomerated, is difficult to store and has poor storage stability.
The existing common oil-soluble adhesive can not well adhere the expanded oil nitramine and the porous granular ammonium nitrate, so that the explosion performance is reduced, the detonation reaction is incomplete, and more toxic gases are generated in explosion; or the explosive is too viscous and easy to agglomerate, so that the storage is difficult and the explosive property of the explosive is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of poor storage stability, low detonation sensitivity and low explosion performance of the industrial explosive in the prior art, thereby providing the industrial explosive and the preparation method thereof.
Therefore, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
an industrial explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-95 parts of powdery explosive, 1-20 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 5-95 parts of granular ammonium nitrate; wherein the oil soluble binder comprises vaseline and glycerol.
The oil-soluble binder also comprises a mixture of resin and derivatives thereof, wherein the resin is epoxy resin or acrylic resin.
The weight ratio of the mixture of the vaseline, the glycerol, the resin and the derivatives thereof is as follows: 10-95: 20-95: 0-10.
The acrylic resin is an acrylic homopolymer.
The acrylic resin derivative is any one of a methacrylic acid homopolymer, a methacrylic acid glyceride homopolymer and a methyl acrylate homopolymer.
The weight ratio of the acrylic resin to the acrylic resin derivative is 1-70: 1-60.
The epoxy resin is bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.
The epoxy resin derivative is hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether.
The weight ratio of the epoxy resin to the epoxy resin derivative is 1-70: 1-60.
Preferably, the industrial explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-95 parts of powdery explosive, 1-10 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 5-30 parts of granular ammonium nitrate.
Preferably, the industrial explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-95 parts of powdery explosive, 1-15 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 30-70 parts of granular ammonium nitrate.
Preferably, the industrial explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-10 parts of powdery explosive, 4-20 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 80-95 parts of granular ammonium nitrate.
The granular ammonium nitrate is porous granular ammonium nitrate or solid granular ammonium nitrate;
the powdery explosive is any one of powdery emulsion explosive, expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
The powdery emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-94 parts of ammonium nitrate, 0.5-5 parts of water, 1-3 parts of emulsifier and 2-6 parts of combustible agent;
the emulsifier is a polyisobutylene polymer emulsifier.
Preferably, the polyisobutylene-containing polymer emulsifier is polyisobutylene tetraethyl pentamine and polyisobutylene ethanolamine.
The combustible agent is a solid combustible agent;
preferably, the solid combustible agent is at least one of compound wax, paraffin, rosin and microcrystalline wax.
The preparation method of the powdery emulsion explosive comprises the following steps:
dissolving ammonium nitrate in water to obtain a water phase; heating and mixing the emulsifier and the combustible agent to obtain an oil phase; then stirring the water phase and the oil phase into jelly; and drying the jelly to obtain the powdery emulsion explosive.
The preparation method of the oil-soluble adhesive comprises the following steps:
respectively heating the raw materials, and then uniformly mixing to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the industrial explosive, which comprises the following steps:
premixing: uniformly mixing the oil-soluble adhesive and the granular ammonium nitrate to obtain a mixture;
mixing: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture and the powdery explosive to obtain the industrial explosive.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the industrial explosive provided by the invention comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-95 parts of powdery explosive, 1-20 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 5-95 parts of granular ammonium nitrate; wherein the oil soluble binder comprises petrolatum and glycerin; the oil-soluble adhesive formed by the mixture of vaseline and glycerol ensures that the surface of the granular ammonium nitrate has good oil absorption and moisture absorption resistance, so that the explosive can be prevented from caking, and the storage is easy and stable; the sensitization hot spot can be effectively protected, and the detonation sensitivity of the explosive during explosion is improved; meanwhile, the explosive property of the explosive is improved, so that the detonation reaction is complete, and the discharge of toxic gas during blasting is reduced.
2. According to the industrial explosive provided by the invention, the oil-soluble adhesives with different viscosities can be obtained by adjusting the weight ratio of the components in the oil-soluble adhesive, so that the use requirements of different industrial explosives are met.
3. According to the industrial explosive provided by the invention, stable industrial explosives with different densities, different brighnesses and different explosion speeds can be obtained by adjusting the weight ratio of the raw materials, so that the varieties of the industrial explosives are enriched; by adjusting the weight parts of the components: 70-95 parts of powdery explosive, 1-10 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 5-30 parts of granular ammonium nitrate to obtain an explosive with higher density, higher detonation velocity and detonator sensitivity; the weight parts of the components are adjusted as follows: 2-95 parts of powdery explosive, 1-15 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 30-70 parts of granular ammonium nitrate to obtain a large-diameter industrial explosive with high density and high free-running property; by adjusting the weight parts of the components: 2-10 parts of powdery explosive, 4-20 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 80-95 parts of granular ammonium nitrate to obtain the viscous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
4. The preparation method of the industrial explosive provided by the invention comprises the steps of mixing the oil-soluble adhesive with the granular ammonium nitrate to ensure that the surface of the granular ammonium nitrate has viscosity, and then bonding the powdery explosive, namely wrapping the powdery explosive on the surface of the granular ammonium nitrate by using the oil-soluble adhesive as a medium to form the compact powder-coated granular industrial explosive, so that the granular ammonium nitrate and the powdery explosive are tightly bonded, the stability of the industrial explosive is improved, the industrial explosive is easy to store, a sensitization hot spot can be effectively protected, and the detonation sensitivity of the explosive during explosion is improved; the explosive property of the explosive can be improved, so that the detonation reaction is complete, and the discharge of toxic gas during blasting is reduced.
Detailed Description
The following examples are provided to further understand the present invention, not to limit the scope of the present invention, but to provide the best mode, not to limit the content and the protection scope of the present invention, and any product similar or similar to the present invention, which is obtained by combining the present invention with other prior art features, falls within the protection scope of the present invention.
The examples do not show the specific experimental steps or conditions, and can be performed according to the conventional experimental steps described in the literature in the field. The reagents or instruments used are not indicated by manufacturers, and are all conventional reagent products which can be obtained commercially.
Solid granular ammonium nitrate was purchased from Shaanxi Xinghua group, Inc.; porous granular ammonium nitrate is purchased from Shaanxi Xinghua group, Inc.; the expanded ammonium nitrate explosive is purchased from Anshun division of magnetic county, Yunshan group, Hebei; the modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive is purchased from Sichuan Yazhi GmbH; bisphenol a diglycidyl ether was purchased from zhengzhou alpha chemical company, ltd; hydrogenated bisphenol a diglycidyl ether was purchased from wuhan jinuo chemical ltd; acrylic acid homopolymer was purchased from Shanghai Hengyuan Biotechnology development, Inc.; homopolymers of methyl acrylate are purchased from Hubei Xin Hongli chemical Co., Ltd; homopolymers of glycerol methacrylate are purchased from Guangzhou Kedinuo chemical Co.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a high-density small-diameter expanded ammonium nitrate industrial explosive which is prepared by the following steps,
preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
respectively heating 0.9kg of vaseline and 2.1kg of glycerol, then uniformly mixing, and cooling to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
Preparing the high-density small-diameter expanded ammonium nitrate industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 15kg of solid granular ammonium nitrate and 2kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with 83kg of expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to obtain the high-density small-diameter expanded ammonium nitrate industrial explosive.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a high-density small-diameter modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil industrial explosive which is prepared by the following steps,
preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
respectively heating 6kg of vaseline and 12kg of glycerol, then uniformly mixing, and cooling to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
Preparing the high-density small-diameter modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 5kg of solid granular ammonium nitrate and 10kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with 95kg of modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive to obtain the high-density small-diameter modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil industrial explosive.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a high-density small-diameter powdery emulsion industrial explosive, which is prepared by the following steps,
preparing a powdery emulsion explosive:
dissolving 94kg of ammonium nitrate in 4kg of water to obtain a water phase, heating, melting and uniformly mixing 3kg of emulsifier polyisobutylene tetraethyl pentamine and 6kg of combustible agent composite wax to obtain an oil phase; and stirring the water phase and the oil phase into a jelly, and drying the jelly to obtain the powdery emulsion explosive.
Preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
respectively heating 0.2kg of vaseline and 1.9kg of glycerol, then uniformly mixing, and cooling to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
Preparing the high-density small-diameter powdery emulsion industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 30kg of solid granular ammonium nitrate and 1kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with 70kg of the powdery emulsion explosive to obtain the high-density small-diameter powdery emulsion industrial explosive.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a high-density high-free-running expanded ammonium nitrate industrial explosive which is prepared by the following steps,
preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
respectively heating 3kg of vaseline and 3kg of glycerol, then uniformly mixing, and cooling to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
The preparation of the high-density high-free-running expanded ammonium nitrate industrial explosive comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 50kg of porous granular ammonium nitrate and 5kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and uniformly mixing the mixture with 47kg of expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to obtain the high-density high-free-running expanded ammonium nitrate industrial explosive.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a high-density high-fluidity modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil industrial explosive which is prepared by the following steps,
preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
heating vaseline 1.9kg and glycerol 0.4kg respectively, mixing, and cooling to obtain oil soluble adhesive.
Preparing a high-density high-free-running modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 30kg of porous granular ammonium nitrate and 1kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with 2kg of modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive to obtain the high-density high-free-running modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil industrial explosive.
Example 6
The embodiment provides a high-density high-free-running powdery emulsion industrial explosive which is prepared by the following steps,
preparing a powdery emulsion explosive:
dissolving 90kg of ammonium nitrate in 1.5kg of water to obtain a water phase, and heating, melting and mixing 3kg of emulsifier polyisobutene ethanolamine and 6kg of combustible agent paraffin to obtain an oil phase; and stirring the water phase and the oil phase into a jelly, and drying the jelly to obtain the powdery emulsion explosive.
Preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
respectively heating 8kg of vaseline and 12kg of glycerol, then uniformly mixing, and cooling to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
The preparation of the high-density high-free-running powdery emulsion industrial explosive comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing 70kg of porous granular ammonium nitrate and 15kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and uniformly mixing the mixture with 95kg of powdery emulsion explosive to obtain the high-density high-free-running powdery emulsion industrial explosive.
Example 7
This example provides a viscous granular industrial explosive prepared by a process comprising,
preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
6kg of vaseline, 12kg of glycerol, 3kg of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether and 3kg of hydrogenated bisphenol A diglycidyl ether are respectively heated, then uniformly mixed and cooled to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
Preparation of sticky granular industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 80kg of porous granular ammonium nitrate and 10kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; the mixture is mixed with 10kg of expanded ammonium nitrate explosive uniformly to obtain the sticky granular industrial explosive.
Example 8
This example provides a viscous granular industrial explosive prepared by a process comprising,
preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
respectively heating 3.8kg of vaseline, 0.8kg of glycerol, 0.06kg of acrylic acid homopolymer and 4.9kg of methyl acrylate homopolymer, then uniformly mixing, and cooling to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
Preparation of sticky granular industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 95kg of porous granular ammonium nitrate and 4kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with 2kg of modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive to obtain the viscous granular industrial explosive.
Example 9
This example provides a viscous granular industrial explosive prepared by a process comprising,
preparing a powdery emulsion explosive:
dissolving 8.9kg of ammonium nitrate in 0.5kg of water to obtain a water phase, heating, melting and mixing 0.2kg of emulsifier polyisobutylene tetraethylpentamine and 0.4kg of combustible rosin to obtain an oil phase; and stirring the water phase and the oil phase into a jelly, and drying the jelly to obtain the powdery emulsion explosive.
Preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
respectively heating 3kg of vaseline, 28.5kg of glycerol, 0.05kg of acrylic acid homopolymer and 3kg of glycerol methacrylate homopolymer, then uniformly mixing, and cooling to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
Preparation of sticky granular industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 85kg of porous granular ammonium nitrate and 20kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and uniformly mixing the mixture with 5kg of powdery emulsion explosive to obtain the sticky granular industrial explosive.
Example 10
This example provides a viscous granular industrial explosive prepared by a process comprising,
preparing a powdery emulsion explosive:
dissolving 8.9kg of ammonium nitrate in 0.5kg of water to obtain a water phase, heating, melting and mixing 0.2kg of emulsifier polyisobutylene tetraethylpentamine and 0.4kg of combustible rosin to obtain an oil phase; and stirring the water phase and the oil phase into a jelly, and drying the jelly to obtain the powdery emulsion explosive.
Preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
respectively heating 14kg of vaseline, 14kg of glycerol, 0.8kg of bisphenol A glycidyl ether and 0.7kg of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether, then uniformly mixing, and cooling to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
Preparation of sticky granular industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 85kg of solid granular ammonium nitrate and 20kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with 5kg of the powdery emulsion explosive to obtain the sticky granular industrial explosive.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides an industrial explosive which was prepared by,
preparation of water-soluble adhesive:
200g of polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 300 ten thousand is dissolved in 1800ml of water to obtain the water-soluble adhesive.
Preparation of industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 15kg of solid granular ammonium nitrate and 2kg of the water-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with 83kg of expanded ammonium nitrate explosive to obtain the industrial explosive.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides an industrial explosive which was prepared by,
preparation of water-soluble adhesive:
2000g of polyacrylamide with a molecular weight of 300 ten thousand is dissolved in 8000ml of water to obtain the water-soluble adhesive.
Preparation of industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 5kg of solid granular ammonium nitrate and 10kg of the water-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with 95kg of modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive to obtain the industrial explosive.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides an industrial explosive which was prepared by,
preparing a powdery emulsion explosive:
dissolving 94kg of ammonium nitrate in 4kg of water to obtain a water phase, heating, melting and uniformly mixing 3kg of emulsifier polyisobutylene tetraethyl pentamine and 6kg of combustible agent composite wax to obtain an oil phase; and stirring the water phase and the oil phase into a jelly, and drying the jelly to obtain the powdery emulsion explosive.
Preparation of water-soluble adhesive:
200g of polyacrylamide with the molecular weight of 300 ten thousand is dissolved in 800ml of water to obtain the water-soluble adhesive.
Preparation of industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 30kg of solid granular ammonium nitrate and 1kg of the water-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with 70kg of the powdery emulsion explosive to obtain the industrial explosive.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides an industrial explosive which was prepared by,
preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
0.06kg of acrylic acid homopolymer and 4.9kg of methyl acrylate homopolymer are heated, mixed uniformly and cooled to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
Preparation of industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 95kg of porous granular ammonium nitrate and 4kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with 2kg of modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive to obtain the industrial explosive.
Comparative example 5
The comparative example provides an industrial explosive which was prepared by,
preparation of oil-soluble adhesive:
heating and mixing 16kg of bisphenol A glycidyl ether and 14kg of bisphenol A diglycidyl ether uniformly, and cooling to obtain the oil-soluble adhesive.
Preparation of industrial explosive:
uniformly mixing 85kg of solid granular ammonium nitrate and 20kg of the oil-soluble adhesive to obtain a mixture; and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture with 5kg of the powdery emulsion explosive to obtain the industrial explosive.
Examples of the experiments
The performance of the industrial explosives prepared in the examples and the comparative examples is detected, and the specific detection results are shown in table 1; the specific detection method comprises the following steps:
detection method of bulk density:
and (3) naturally flowing the industrial explosive into 100ml beakers respectively at room temperature, overflowing, scraping, and weighing net weights respectively. The net weight is divided by the beaker volume to give the bulk density.
The detection method of the detonation velocity refers to the GB/T13228 standard, and the specific detection method comprises the following steps:
respectively filling the industrial explosives into paper cylinders with the diameter of 32mm and the length of 200 mm; and (3) inserting a No. 8 detonator into the center of the paper tube, wherein the insertion depth is 15mm, then detonating, and simultaneously recording the numerical values of the industrial explosives by adopting a detonation velocity instrument, namely the detonation velocity.
The detection method of the brisance refers to the GB/T12440 standard, and the specific detection method is as follows:
and (2) loading 50g of each industrial explosive into a steel pipe (the wall thickness is 4mm) with the diameter of 40mm, placing the steel pipe filled with the explosive on a lead column, inserting a No. 8 detonator into the center of the steel pipe, wherein the insertion depth is 15mm, then detonating, and after the detonation is finished, respectively measuring the compression height of the lead column placed at the lower part of the steel pipe, namely the brisance.
And (3) detecting the discharge amount of toxic gases during explosion according to the GB18098 standard, wherein the preparation of a gas sample adopts a second method.
TABLE 1 results of performance tests of explosives prepared in each of examples and comparative examples
As can be seen from the data in the above table, by using the oil-soluble adhesive composed of the mixture of vaseline and glycerol, or the mixture of vaseline, glycerol, resin and their derivatives as a medium, the powdered explosive is wrapped on the surface of the granular ammonium nitrate to form a compact powder-wrapped-particle structure industrial explosive, so that the granular ammonium nitrate and the powdered explosive are tightly bonded, the agglomeration of the explosive can be effectively prevented, and the storage is easy and stable; moreover, the explosive property of the explosive can be improved; under the condition of the same content of the granular ammonium nitrate, the adhesive can reduce the emission of toxic gas during blasting; meanwhile, stable industrial explosives with different densities, different degrees of brisance and different explosion speeds can be obtained by adjusting the content of each component. The explosive in the comparative example has poor explosion performance, is easy to agglomerate and is not easy to store, and the agglomeration phenomenon of different degrees can occur when the explosive is stored for one month, and once the explosive is agglomerated, the explosive has no detonator sensitivity and can not be used as the explosive, so that the performance tests of toxic gas content, brisance, explosion speed, bulk density and the like are not meaningful, and the data of the corresponding part in the comparative example are not tested.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention.
Claims (12)
1. The industrial explosive is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-95 parts of powdery explosive, 1-20 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 5-95 parts of granular ammonium nitrate;
wherein the oil-soluble adhesive comprises vaseline and glycerol, and the mass ratio of the vaseline to the glycerol is 10-95: 20-95.
2. The industrial explosive according to claim 1, wherein the oil-soluble binder further comprises a mixture of a resin and a derivative thereof, and the resin is an epoxy resin or an acrylic resin.
3. The industrial explosive according to claim 2, wherein the mixture of vaseline, glycerol, resin and their derivatives is present in the following weight ratios: 10-95: 20-95: 0-10.
4. The industrial explosive according to claim 2, wherein the weight ratio of the resin to the derivative thereof is 1-70: 1-60.
5. The industrial explosive according to claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 70-95 parts of powdery explosive, 1-10 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 5-30 parts of granular ammonium nitrate.
6. The industrial explosive according to claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-95 parts of powdery explosive, 1-15 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 30-70 parts of granular ammonium nitrate.
7. The industrial explosive according to claim 1, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-10 parts of powdery explosive, 4-20 parts of oil-soluble adhesive and 80-95 parts of granular ammonium nitrate.
8. The industrial explosive of claim 1, wherein the prilled ammonium nitrate is porous prilled ammonium nitrate or solid prilled ammonium nitrate;
the powdery explosive is any one of powdery emulsion explosive, expanded ammonium nitrate explosive and modified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive.
9. The industrial explosive according to claim 8, wherein the powdery emulsion explosive comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 30-94 parts of ammonium nitrate, 0.5-5 parts of water, 1-3 parts of emulsifier and 2-6 parts of combustible agent; the emulsifier is a polyisobutylene polymer emulsifier.
10. The industrial explosive of claim 9, wherein the flammable agent is a solid flammable agent.
11. The industrial explosive of claim 10, wherein the solid combustible agent is at least one of a complex wax, paraffin wax, rosin, and microcrystalline wax.
12. A process for the preparation of an industrial explosive according to any of claims 1 to 11, comprising the steps of:
premixing: uniformly mixing the oil-soluble adhesive and the granular ammonium nitrate to obtain a mixture;
mixing: and (3) uniformly mixing the mixture and the powdery explosive to obtain the industrial explosive.
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