RU2315742C1 - Blasting composition - Google Patents

Abstract

FIELD: explosives.

SUBSTANCE: invention relates to arming of ammunitions ensuring multifactor damage of military objects. Proposed blasting composition contains retarded hexogen or octogen, aluminum powder, diethylene glycol dinitrate/triethylene glycol dinitrate mixture as liquid plasticizer, methyl methacrylate/methacrylic acid copolymer, and diphenylamine.

EFFECT: increased efficiency of ammunition and increased handling safety.

3 tbl, 3 ex

Description

The invention relates to defense technology and can be used to equip ammunition with explosives of high power, providing multi-factor destruction of military facilities.

A technical solution is known, which is protected by RF patent No. 2071957 dated 12.01.93, 7 IPC С06В 25/04 “Explosive composition” containing explosives and a plasticizer, while it contains trinitroethyl ester of trinitrobutyric acid and trotyl as a plasticizer. This composition is applicable for profiled linear charges and other structures using the cumulative effect.

Known explosive composition, protected by RF patent №2209806, 7 IPC С06В 25/34, for equipment of almost any type of ammunition of multifactorial striking effect, components of which are explosive, fragmentation and thermal effects.

Known technical solutions according to the patent of the Russian Federation No. 2235967 of 02/18/2002, 7 MPK S06V 25/34 "Method of firing an artillery shell, detonating equipment." The second paragraph of the complex invention protects detonating equipment in the form of a plastisol explosive composition, characterized by the presence of a liquid plasticizer, a swelling polymer of a polyacrylic series, a blasting explosive and a powdery combustible metal.

The latter technical solution, as coinciding with the invention according to the achieved result and the greatest number of features, was adopted as a prototype.

The process of polymer swelling in low molecular weight liquids, such as nitrates of polyhydric alcohols, is of a limited nature (Tager A.A. “Physics and Chemistry of Polymers”, 1968, sheet 314). With limited swelling, as a rule, an unbound liquid plasticizer remains, which during the operation of warheads equipped with a plastisol composition can exudate to the surface of the charge, and, as a result, lead to a disruption in the normal functioning of the warhead and the danger of official handling.

However, the well-known formula lacks the necessary features related to the quantitative content of the components, but merely states: "The components, taken in equal parts by weight, form a plastisol explosive composition, which is brought to a molten state" (see page 3-2 of the patent RF №2235967). This fact casts doubt on the possibility of manufacturing an explosive composition:

firstly, the plastisol composition is not a melt - it is a composition of cold preparation;

secondly, the plastisol bond - plasticizer plus polymer, cannot be taken in equal weight (mass) parts, since the process of polymer swelling will not be ensured.

The absence in the claims of the mass ratio of plasticizer and polymer can be attributed to the disadvantages of the technical solution.

An object of the invention is the creation of an explosive composition, capable of using it to equip ammunition, to increase the efficiency of the ammunition while increasing safety in official handling, due to a qualitative change in the composition of the components and the choice of the range of the ratio of input components.

The specified technical result is achieved by the fact that in the present invention, as a plasticizer, a mixture of diethylene glycol dinitrate (70%) and triethylene glycol dinitrate (30%) is used - a mixture of LD-70, which in a ratio of 1: (0.3-0.4) with a polymer - a copolymer of methyl methacrylate and methacrylic acid ensures the complete swelling of the polymer and the formation of a thermodynamically stable plastisol bond (gel), and as a result, the thermal stability of the charge in the munition, its safety in official handling and during storage.

Confirming data are the results of theoretical and experimental studies, presented in table 1, concerning the determination of the quantitative ratio of the mixture of LD-70 (plasticizer) - copolymer. The optimal ratio of plasticizer to copolymer is the ratio 1: (0.3-0.4), which is used in the proposed composition with the following content of components, wt.%:

- as blasting explosives - phlegmatic explosives (octogen, hexogen) 52-67 - aluminum powder 15-30

- plastisol ligament, including:

 a mixture of dinitrate diethylene glycol (70%) and dinitrate triethylene glycol (30%) in a ratio of 1: (0.3-0.4) with methyl methacrylate-methacrylic copolymer acid rest - diphenylamine (over 100%) 0.5-0.7

The use of phlegmatized blasting explosives (HMX, RDX) provides increased safety in the handling of warheads equipped with a composition based on phlegmazed explosives. The results of studies of operational characteristics are shown in table 2.

Introduction to the proposed composition of diphenylamine in an amount of 0.5-0.7 wt.% (In excess of 100%) provides increased heat resistance of the composition. So, the time of induction of a thermal explosion, determined in accordance with the requirements of the industry methodology for the composition of the prototype is 60 minutes, for the inventive composition - 590 minutes. Comparative operational characteristics of the claimed composition and prototype are presented in table 2.

Distinctive features in the stable interconnection of the totality of essential features made it possible to increase the safety in official handling of ammunition equipped with the inventive composition due to the use of blasting phlegmatized explosives, which ensured a decrease in sensitivity to shock, friction and increased thermal stability of the plastisol composition.

According to the results of the analysis of the prior art, no analogues having signs similar to the claimed solution were found, therefore, it can be considered that the claimed explosive composition is new and has a sufficient inventive step.

Each of the above essential features is necessary, and their combination is sufficient to achieve a new qualitative effect that is not inherent in the signs of their disunity.

Example 1. To test the operability of the proposed technical solution - to determine the detonation characteristics of the developed composition, pilot batches of compositions based on the blasting phlegmatized explosive were produced and charges made up of cylindrical blocks 40 mm in diameter and 40 mm high. The composition was prepared in a volumetric mixer, widely used by industry enterprises. Detonation velocity and pressure in the detonation wave front were determined using standard industry methods.

Example 2. To assess the effect of introducing into the composition of the phlegmatizer, an octogen-based composition was prepared. The composition was prepared in the same mixer and in the same process conditions as in example 1.

Comparison of the results with the testing of similar samples made from the compositions (example 1 and 2) showed the preservation of detonation characteristics when replacing octogen with phlegmatized octogen.

Example 3. To determine the absence of the effect of diphenylamine on the detonation characteristics of the test composition, similar to those shown in example 1, were carried out on a composition containing diphenylamine. The test results did not indicate the effect of the introduced diphenylamine on the detonation characteristics of the composition.

The composition and test results are shown in table 3.

The above information about the claimed composition, described in the formula, indicate the possibility of its implementation using known means and methods. Therefore, the inventive explosive composition meets the condition of industrial applicability.

Table 1 Hitch, g Mass fraction of copolymer in plastisol Mass percentage of unbound LD-70 Characterization of the type of gel Copolymer LD-70 11.54 50.00 0.231 Ots. The gel is uniform, dense, after 24 hours, the gel column was melted 11.54 50.07 0.230 Ots. 9.62 50.17 0.192 8.1 The gel is loose, two-layer, under the gel layer, first a cloudy layer of LD-70, then pure LD-70 9.62 50.18 0.192 8.5 15.38 50.08 0,307 Ots. The gel is homogeneous, dense, after 24 hours the column of gel has retained its shape 15.38 50.00 0,308 Ots. 15.38 49.98 0,308 Ots. Note. When the copolymer - LD-70 mass ratio is more than 0.35, white inclusions of an unbound copolymer are clearly visible in the gel.

Claims (1)

An explosive composition containing a blasting explosive, aluminum powder, a liquid plasticizer, a polymer of a polyacrylic series, characterized in that it contains diphenylamine, and as a blasting explosive - a phlegmatized RDX or HMX, and it contains a plasticizer and a polymer of a polyacrylic series in the ratio 1: (0.3-0.4), as a plasticizer, a mixture containing 70% diethylene glycol dinitrate and 30% triethylene glycol dinitrate, and a methyl methacrylate-meta copolymer as a polymer of the polyacrylic series reels acid at the following content of components, wt.%: phlegmatized RDX or HMX 52-67 aluminum powder 15-30 plasticizer and polyacrylic polymer rest diphenylamine (in excess of 100%) 0.5-0.7