CN113079816A - Automatic layering and quantitative harvesting method for tobacco leaves - Google Patents
Automatic layering and quantitative harvesting method for tobacco leaves Download PDFInfo
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- CN113079816A CN113079816A CN202110524868.1A CN202110524868A CN113079816A CN 113079816 A CN113079816 A CN 113079816A CN 202110524868 A CN202110524868 A CN 202110524868A CN 113079816 A CN113079816 A CN 113079816A
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- tobacco
- harvesting
- ring cutter
- ring
- leaves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D45/00—Harvesting of standing crops
- A01D45/16—Harvesting of standing crops of tobacco
Abstract
The invention discloses an automatic layering and quantitative harvesting method for tobacco leaves, which belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf harvesting and is completed by matching a tobacco leaf harvesting device, wherein the tobacco leaf harvesting device completes layering and quantitative harvesting of the tobacco leaves through the motion of a ring cutter on the tobacco leaf harvesting device and the sensing and matching of a sensor arranged in the ring cutter; according to the tobacco leaf harvesting device, the tobacco leaf harvesting device is used for assisting, the specified amount of tobacco leaves can be harvested from the bottom in different stages according to the maturity rule of the tobacco leaves, leaf ears at the root of the leaf can be reserved for the harvested tobacco leaves as far as possible, and the completeness of the tobacco leaf harvesting is guaranteed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of tobacco leaf harvesting, and particularly relates to an automatic layering and quantifying harvesting method for tobacco leaves.
Background
The tobacco plays an important role in economic development of various provinces of plants, and in 2018, the yield of tobacco leaves in Yunnan province is 84.47 ten thousand tons, which accounts for 37.7 percent of the national yield. It is understood that the tobacco industry is also the financial backbone of many local governments, and that some provinces account for even about half of the local financial tax, knowing the importance of tobacco. According to the latest data, the tobacco tax accounts for more than 6% of the total national tax, and mainly comprises consumption tax and value-added tax. In 2019, the gross amount of the tax profits of tobacco industry and commerce in China is 12056 million yuan, the commensurately increases by 4.3%, the gross amount of the financial payment is 11770 million yuan, and the commensurately increases by 17.7%. China tax administration enterprises with the highest tax rate of ten are ranked the first in the tobacco industry. Only the on duty workers of China tobacco general company in 2019 achieve 51.6 million people, and in addition, 100 million tobacco growers relate to employment of 450 million agricultural populations and 150 million related industries.
In 2019, 1331 ten thousand mu of tobacco are actually planted, and 3450 ten thousand load are actually pre-harvested. Modern planting scale household is 14.4 mu. The total number of the smokers is about 100 thousands, and the number of the professional smokers is about 25 thousands. The ratio of tobacco planted in hilly and mountain areas of China is more than 70%, and the mechanized tobacco picking is replaced by manual tobacco picking in the tobacco system with the same scale.
In the tobacco planting process, the number of effective leaves of each tobacco plant is about 16-18, according to the leaf maturity rule, the tobacco plant needs to be harvested for 5-6 times in a time-division mode, 2-3 leaves are harvested each time, and the sequential picking from the bottom to the top is generally adopted (as shown in the specification, the sequential picking from leaves 10 to 1 in the attached figure 1).
Automatic layering and quantitative harvesting requirements: there is a need for an automatic harvesting device that picks up a specified amount of tobacco leaves at different stages from the bottom according to the maturity of the tobacco leaves, and the picked-up tobacco leaves need to retain the leaf ears at the root of the leaf as much as possible.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an automatic layering and quantitative harvesting method for tobacco leaves, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the tobacco leaf harvesting device completes the layered quantitative harvesting of the tobacco leaves through the motion of a ring cutter on the tobacco leaf harvesting device and the sensing cooperation of a sensor arranged in the ring cutter.
Further, the tobacco leaf harvesting device comprises:
the tobacco harvesting machine comprises a group of symmetrically arranged harvesting cavity bases, wherein a tobacco harvesting channel is arranged between the two harvesting cavity bases, and base slideways are respectively arranged on the top surfaces of the two harvesting cavity bases in parallel to the direction of the tobacco harvesting channel;
the ring cutting knife comprises a group of ring cutting knife components, and the two ring cutting knife components are respectively arranged in the two base slideways;
the ring cutting knife assembly comprises a mounting upright post and two ring cutting blades, wherein the mounting upright post is slidably mounted in the base slideway, and the two ring cutting blades are fixed on the mounting upright post and can rotate around the mounting upright post;
the sensor comprises a torque sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the torque sensor is used for sensing the circumferential torque of the circular cutting blade, and the pressure sensor is used for sensing the axial pressure of the circular cutting blade.
Furthermore, the mounting upright post is of a telescopic structure, so that the two ring cutting blades on the mounting upright post can be driven to move up and down to complete the cutting of the blades.
Further, conveyor belt mounting areas are respectively arranged at the bottoms of the two harvesting cavity bases.
Further, the tobacco leaf harvesting device for automatically layering and quantitatively harvesting the tobacco leaves specifically comprises the following processes:
when the tobacco rod enters the tobacco plant harvesting channel and touches the ring cutter, the torque sensor on the ring cutter is triggered;
the torque sensor sends out a signal to excite the ring-cutting blade of the ring-cutting knife to be integrally folded into a ring shape;
the tobacco plant pushes the two ring cutter assemblies to move along the base slideway, the ring cutter ascends along the stem of the tobacco plant along with the mounting upright post to cut the leaf stalks to cut off the leaves while moving, and the leaf stalks are triggered to generate a pulse signal by the pressure sensor of the ring cutter every time of cutting, so that the picking quantity of the tobacco leaves of each tobacco plant is recorded or controlled;
after the ring cutter cuts the tobacco leaves, the ring cutter assemblies on the two sides separate the ring cutter blades from the tobacco plants, the ring cutter automatically descends under the driving of the mounting upright column and restores to the initial state to wait for the arrival of the next tobacco plant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the tobacco leaf harvesting device, the tobacco leaf harvesting device is used for assisting, the specified amount of tobacco leaves can be harvested from the bottom in different stages according to the maturity rule of the tobacco leaves, leaf ears at the root of the leaf can be reserved for the harvested tobacco leaves as far as possible, and the completeness of the tobacco leaf harvesting is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of tobacco leaves of a tobacco plant.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the recovery device.
Fig. 3 is the overall structure of the harvesting device.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the initial state of the recovery device.
Fig. 5 is a schematic view of the working state of the harvesting device for cutting tobacco leaves.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of the harvesting device after the tobacco leaves are cut and the tobacco plants are released.
Figure 7 is a schematic view of a tobacco rod entering the harvesting channel and contacting the ring cutter.
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the ring-shaped cutting blades being integrally folded into a ring shape.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the ring cutter being raised with the post to cut tobacco.
Figure 10 is a schematic view of the circular cutting arc blade opening releasing tobacco plants and resetting.
In the figure: 1. a harvesting chamber base; 2. a base slide; 3. a ring cutting blade; 4. mounting the upright post; 5. a tobacco plant harvesting channel; 6. a conveyor belt installation area.
Detailed Description
The technical solution in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The tobacco leaf harvesting device completes the layered quantitative harvesting of the tobacco leaves through the motion of a ring cutter on the tobacco leaf harvesting device and the sensing cooperation of a sensor arranged in the ring cutter.
Referring to fig. 2-3, the tobacco harvesting device includes:
the tobacco harvesting machine comprises a group of symmetrically arranged harvesting cavity bases 1, a tobacco harvesting channel 5 is arranged between the two harvesting cavity bases 1, and base slideways 2 are respectively arranged on the top surfaces of the two harvesting cavity bases 1 in a direction parallel to the tobacco harvesting channel 5;
the ring cutter comprises a group of ring cutter assemblies, and the two ring cutter assemblies are respectively arranged in the two base slideways 2;
the ring cutter assembly comprises a mounting upright post 4 which is slidably mounted in the base slideway 2 and can do linear motion in the base slideway 2, and two ring cutter blades 3 which are fixed on the mounting upright post 4 and can rotate around the mounting upright post;
it should be noted that the two circular cutting blades 3 of the circular cutting knife assembly can be folded into a semicircle shape, and the cutting edges of the two circular cutting blades are upward, so that the cutting operation of the blades can be conveniently completed;
referring to fig. 4, which is a schematic view of an initial state of the harvesting device, fig. 5 is a schematic view of a working state of the harvesting device cutting tobacco leaves, and fig. 6 is a schematic view of a state after the harvesting device cuts the tobacco leaves and releases tobacco plants, the folding or separating rotation of the two circular cutting blades 3 on the periphery of the mounting upright post 4 can be performed through electromagnetic action;
for example: the two ends of the four circular cutting blades 3 of the two circular cutting assemblies are respectively provided with a similar electromagnet structure, when the positive current or the reverse current is simultaneously introduced into the end part of the four circular cutting blades 3 at the joint of the mounting upright post 4, the four circular cutting blades 3 at the end of the mounting upright post 4 are in the same polarity repulsion, and at the moment, the four circular cutting blades 3 of the circular cutting assemblies are opened (figure 6 state); when one of the end parts of the four circular cutting blades 3 at the joint of the mounting upright post 4 is connected with a positive current and the other is connected with a reverse current, the four circular cutting blades 3 at the end of the mounting upright post 4 are attracted in a pairwise special shape, and the four circular cutting blades 3 of the two circular cutting assemblies can be folded (the state shown in figure 5);
when the ring cutter is in the state shown in figure 4, the two ring cutter blades 3 of the left or right ring cutter assembly are positioned at the end of the mounting upright post 4 and repel each other in the same way, and the ring cutter blades 3 at the corresponding positions of the two ring cutter assemblies are away from the end of the mounting upright post 4 and attract each other in a special shape.
And the at least one group of sensors is arranged at the joint of the two ring cutting blades 3 of one ring cutting knife assembly and the mounting upright post 4 and comprises a torque sensor (not shown in the figure) for sensing the torque of the ring cutting blades 3 in the circumferential direction and a pressure sensor (not shown in the figure) for sensing the axial pressure of the ring cutting blades 3.
In the process of harvesting the tobacco leaves by the tobacco leaf harvesting device, the torque sensor is used for sensing whether the tobacco plants enter a state to be cut (touch the circular cutting knife), the pressure sensor is used for sensing the number of the cut tobacco leaves (the sensor generates cutting pulses during cutting), the torque sensor and the pressure sensor send respective sensing signals to the controller on the tobacco leaf harvesting device, and control signals are sent to the circular cutting knife pieces 3 of the two circular cutting knife assemblies to change the opening and closing states of the circular cutting knife pieces 3 or count the number of the harvested tobacco leaves.
Specifically, the mounting upright post 4 is of a telescopic structure, so that the two circular cutting blades 3 on the mounting upright post can be driven to move up and down to complete the cutting of the blade.
Specifically, two gather chamber base 1 bottom and be provided with conveyer belt installing zone 6 respectively.
It should be noted that a tobacco leaf horizontal conveyor belt can be installed in the conveyor belt installation area 6, so that a rear inclined conveyor belt forms a continuous tobacco leaf conveying mechanism, and finally, tobacco leaves are conveyed into the tobacco leaf storage box to finish tobacco leaf collection.
Referring to fig. 7 to 10, the automatic layering and quantitative harvesting of the tobacco leaves by the tobacco leaf harvesting device specifically includes the following processes:
A. contacting a cutter: when the tobacco rod enters the tobacco plant harvesting channel 5 and touches the ring cutter, the torque sensor on the ring cutter is triggered;
B. closing the cutter, namely, sending a signal by a torque sensor to excite the ring-cutting blade 3 of the ring-cutting cutter to be integrally closed into a ring shape;
C. lifting a cutter and cutting leaves: the tobacco plant pushes the two ring cutter assemblies to move along the base slideway 2, the ring cutter ascends along the stem of the tobacco plant along with the mounting upright post 4 to cut the leaf stalks to cut off the leaves while moving, and the leaf stalks are triggered to generate a pulse signal by the pressure sensor of the ring cutter every time of cutting, so that the quantity of picked tobacco leaves of each tobacco plant is recorded or controlled;
D. releasing the cutter and resetting: after the ring cutter cuts the leaves, the ring cutter components on the two sides open the ring cutter pieces 3 to separate from the tobacco plants, and the ring cutter automatically descends under the driving of the mounting upright post 4 and restores to the initial state to wait for the arrival of the next tobacco plant.
According to the tobacco leaf harvesting device, the tobacco leaf harvesting device is used for assisting, the specified amount of tobacco leaves can be harvested from the bottom in different stages according to the maturity rule of the tobacco leaves, leaf ears at the root of the leaf can be reserved for the harvested tobacco leaves as far as possible, and the completeness of the tobacco leaf harvesting is guaranteed.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (5)
1. The automatic layering and quantitative harvesting method for the tobacco leaves is completed by matching of tobacco leaf harvesting devices, and is characterized in that the tobacco leaf harvesting devices complete layering and quantitative harvesting of the tobacco leaves through sensing matching of movement of a ring cutter on the tobacco leaf harvesting devices and a sensor arranged in the ring cutter.
2. The automatic layering and quantitative harvesting method for tobacco leaves according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco leaf harvesting device comprises:
the tobacco harvesting machine comprises a group of symmetrically arranged harvesting cavity bases (1), a tobacco harvesting channel (5) is arranged between the two harvesting cavity bases (1), and base slideways (2) are respectively arranged on the top surfaces of the two harvesting cavity bases (1) in a direction parallel to the tobacco harvesting channel (5);
the ring cutter comprises a group of ring cutter components, and the two ring cutter components are respectively arranged in the two base slideways (2);
the ring cutting knife assembly comprises a mounting upright post (4) which is slidably mounted in the base slideway (2), and two ring cutting blades (3) which are fixed on the mounting upright post (4) and can rotate around the mounting upright post;
the sensor comprises a torque sensor and a pressure sensor, wherein the torque sensor is used for sensing the moment in the circumferential direction of the circular cutting blade (3), and the pressure sensor is used for sensing the axial pressure of the circular cutting blade (3).
3. The automatic layering and quantitative harvesting method for tobacco leaves according to claim 2, characterized in that the mounting column (4) is of a telescopic structure, so as to drive the two circular cutting blades (3) thereon to move up and down to complete the cutting of the leaves.
4. The automatic layering and quantitative harvesting method for tobacco leaves according to claim 2, characterized in that the bottoms of the two harvesting cavity bases (1) are respectively provided with a conveyor belt mounting area (6).
5. The automatic layering and quantitative harvesting method for the tobacco leaves according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the automatic layering and quantitative harvesting of the tobacco leaves by the tobacco leaf harvesting device specifically comprises the following processes:
when the tobacco rod enters the tobacco plant harvesting channel (5) and touches the ring cutter, a torque sensor on the ring cutter is triggered;
the torque sensor sends out a signal to excite the ring cutting blade (3) of the ring cutter to be integrally folded into a ring shape;
the tobacco plant pushes the two ring cutter assemblies to move along the base slideway (2), the ring cutter ascends along the stem of the tobacco plant along with the mounting upright post (4) to cut the leaf stalks to cut off the leaves while moving, and the pressure sensor triggering the ring cutter generates a pulse signal for recording or controlling the picking quantity of the tobacco leaves of each tobacco plant when the leaf stalks are cut once;
after the ring cutter cuts the leaves, the ring cutter components on the two sides separate the ring cutting blades (3) from the tobacco plants, and the ring cutter automatically descends under the driving of the mounting upright post (4) and restores to the initial state to wait for the arrival of the next tobacco plant.
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| CN202110524868.1A CN113079816B (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Automatic layering and quantitative harvesting method for tobacco leaves |
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| CN202110524868.1A CN113079816B (en) | 2021-05-13 | 2021-05-13 | Automatic layering and quantitative harvesting method for tobacco leaves |
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| CN113079816A true CN113079816A (en) | 2021-07-09 |
| CN113079816B CN113079816B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1389716A1 (en) * | 1986-03-28 | 1988-04-23 | Головное Специализированное Конструкторское Бюро Производственного Объединения "Молдсельмаш" | Arrangement for automatic stacking of tobacco leaves |
| SU1505463A1 (en) * | 1987-06-08 | 1989-09-07 | Конструкторское Бюро С Опытно-Экспериментальным Производством Научно-Производственного Объединения "Дойна" Госагропрома Мсср | Unit for gathering tobacco leaves |
| CN201238483Y (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2009-05-20 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Device for collecting tobacco leaf |
| CN201766849U (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2011-03-23 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco harvesting machine with roller knife head |
| CN108901361A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-30 | 浙江大学 | A kind of tea picking unmanned plane |
| CN109566081A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-05 | 拖（洛阳）烟草机械有限公司 | A kind of efficiently semi-artificial tobacco leaf picking machine |
| CN109997506A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-12 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of tobacco leaf harvester |
| CN212851841U (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-04-02 | 四川省农业机械研究设计院 | Automatic tea tender bud picking machine |
| CN112616438A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 北京林业大学 | Portable pepper picking equipment |
-
2021
- 2021-05-13 CN CN202110524868.1A patent/CN113079816B/en active Active
Patent Citations (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1389716A1 (en) * | 1986-03-28 | 1988-04-23 | Головное Специализированное Конструкторское Бюро Производственного Объединения "Молдсельмаш" | Arrangement for automatic stacking of tobacco leaves |
| SU1505463A1 (en) * | 1987-06-08 | 1989-09-07 | Конструкторское Бюро С Опытно-Экспериментальным Производством Научно-Производственного Объединения "Дойна" Госагропрома Мсср | Unit for gathering tobacco leaves |
| CN201238483Y (en) * | 2008-06-16 | 2009-05-20 | 湖北中烟工业有限责任公司 | Device for collecting tobacco leaf |
| CN201766849U (en) * | 2010-07-15 | 2011-03-23 | 河南农业大学 | Tobacco harvesting machine with roller knife head |
| CN108901361A (en) * | 2018-06-28 | 2018-11-30 | 浙江大学 | A kind of tea picking unmanned plane |
| CN109566081A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-04-05 | 拖（洛阳）烟草机械有限公司 | A kind of efficiently semi-artificial tobacco leaf picking machine |
| CN109997506A (en) * | 2019-04-15 | 2019-07-12 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of tobacco leaf harvester |
| CN212851841U (en) * | 2020-05-27 | 2021-04-02 | 四川省农业机械研究设计院 | Automatic tea tender bud picking machine |
| CN112616438A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-04-09 | 北京林业大学 | Portable pepper picking equipment |
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| CN113079816B (en) | 2022-04-12 |
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