CN113059991A - 混合动力变速器和汽车 - Google Patents

混合动力变速器和汽车 Download PDF

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CN113059991A
CN113059991A CN202110462933.2A CN202110462933A CN113059991A CN 113059991 A CN113059991 A CN 113059991A CN 202110462933 A CN202110462933 A CN 202110462933A CN 113059991 A CN113059991 A CN 113059991A
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gear
motor
input shaft
shaft
driving
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CN113059991B (zh
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祝林
付军
张恒
孙艳
谭艳军
林霄喆
王瑞平
肖逸阁
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Yiwu Geely Automatic Transmission Co ltd
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Ningbo Geely Royal Engine Components Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Power Train Co Ltd
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Yiwu Geely Automatic Transmission Co ltd
Zhejiang Geely Holding Group Co Ltd
Ningbo Geely Royal Engine Components Co Ltd
Zhejiang Geely Power Train Co Ltd
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Priority to PCT/CN2021/107471 priority patent/WO2022227302A1/zh
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/50Architecture of the driveline characterised by arrangement or kind of transmission units
    • B60K6/54Transmission for changing ratio
    • B60K6/547Transmission for changing ratio the transmission being a stepped gearing
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/36Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the transmission gearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/38Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the driveline clutches
    • B60K6/387Actuated clutches, i.e. clutches engaged or disengaged by electric, hydraulic or mechanical actuating means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/40Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the assembly or relative disposition of components

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Hybrid Electric Vehicles (AREA)
  • Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
  • Structure Of Transmissions (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开一种混合动力变速器,包括发动机、离合器、第一电机、第二电机、档位齿轮组、同步器、输入轴和输出轴;离合器用于结合或者切断发动机与输入轴之间的动力传输;第一电机的电机轴通过齿轮传动与输入轴或者发动机的飞轮输出端相连;档位齿轮组包括至少两组相互啮合的主动齿轮和从动齿轮,主动齿轮空套在输入轴上,从动齿轮套接在输出轴上;第二电机的电机轴通过一空套在输入轴上的轴套与主动档位齿轮中的一个进行固接;同步器用于选择性结合或者切断输入轴、档位齿轮组至输出轴方向上的动力传输。本发明技术方案实现变速器在低中高车速和各种负载情况下的高效率输出且结构简单,空间布置紧凑。

Description

混合动力变速器和汽车
技术领域
本发明涉及车辆变速器技术领域,特别涉及一种混合动力变速器和应用该混合动力变速器的汽车。
背景技术
混合动力汽车是一种使用多种能量来源的车辆,通常是使用液体燃料的常规发动机(ICE)和使用电能的电动机驱动车辆。混合动力汽车可在多种驱动模式下运行,然而电池容量有限,主要依靠发动机燃烧提供动力。
现有的混合动力方案,存在在双电机模式,其中一个电机只能用于发电或启动发动机,不能和另一个电机一起参与驱动,且当前因布置空间问题,都是1档或者2档方案,且驱动电机只能偏轴布置,使得系统传递效率低和动力性不足。
发明内容
本发明的主要目的是提供一种混合动力变速器,旨在使得变速器在低中高车速和各种负载情况下的高效率输出且结构简单,空间布置紧凑。
为实现上述目的,本发明提出的混合动力变速器,包括发动机、离合器、第一电机、第二电机、档位齿轮组、多个同步器、输入轴和输出轴;
所述离合器用于结合或者切断所述发动机与所述输入轴之间的动力传输;
所述第一电机的电机轴通过齿轮传动与所述输入轴或者所述发动机的飞轮输出端相连;
所述档位齿轮组形成有多个档位,所述档位齿轮组包括至少两组相互啮合的主动齿轮和从动齿轮,所述主动齿轮空套在所述输入轴上,所述从动齿轮套接在所述输出轴上;
所述第二电机与所述输入轴同轴设置,所述第二电机的电机轴通过一空套在所述输入轴上的轴套与所述主动档位齿轮中的一个进行固接;
多个所述同步器用于使得所述输入轴通过所述档位齿轮组形成向所述输出轴的不同档位的动力传输。
本发明技术方案在变速器中设置第一电机、第二电机以及档位齿轮组,其中档位齿轮组包括至少两组相互啮合的主动齿轮和从动齿轮,主动齿轮空套在输入轴上,从动齿轮套接在输出轴上,第一电机通过齿轮传动与输入轴或者发动机的飞轮输出端相连,而第二电机的电机轴通过一空套在输入轴上的轴套与主动档位齿轮中的一个进行固接,同步器则用于选择性结合或者切断输入轴、档位齿轮组至输出轴方向上的动力传输,通过这样设置,相交于现有的混动离合器,第一电机只能用于发电或启动发动机,本申请的变速器由于第一电机通过齿轮传动连接至输入轴或者发动机的飞轮输出端,而第二电机的电机轴与一个主动齿轮同步转动,因此本申请的变速器,第一电机既可以当作发电机也可以当作驱动电机使用,第一电机还可以通过档位齿轮组具有至少两个档位,发动机也可以通过档位组件具有至少两个档位,行驶过程中,第一电机可以和发动机实现并联驱动,或者第二电机和发动机实现并联驱动,以此兼顾低中高车速和各种负载情况下的高效率输出以及良好的驾驶感觉,并且上述布局方式,还使得混合动力变速器具有结构紧凑的特点。
可选地,所述第一电机的电机轴上固套有电机主动齿轮,所述输入轴上固套有电机从动齿轮,所述电机主动齿轮和所述电机从动齿轮啮合。
可选地,所述第一电机的电机轴上固套有电机主动齿轮,所述发动机的飞轮输出端上固套有电机从动齿轮,所述电机主动齿轮和所述电机从动齿轮啮合。
可选地,所述档位齿轮组包括相互啮合的一档主动齿轮和一档从动齿轮、相互啮合的二档主动齿轮和二档从动齿轮、相互啮合的三档主动齿轮和三档从动齿轮,其中,二档主动齿轮和所述三档主动齿轮以及二者对应的从动齿轮可以在轴向上位置调换;
所述一档主动齿轮、所述二档主动齿轮以及所述三档主动齿轮在所述输入轴的轴向上间隔排列,所述一档从动齿轮、所述二档从动齿轮以及所述三档从动齿轮固套在所述输出轴上并在其轴向上间隔排列,所述第二电机的电机轴通过所述轴套与所述一档主动齿轮同步转动。
可选地,所述第二电机设置在输入轴远离所述发动机的一端,所述一档主动齿轮设置在所述输出轴远离所述发动机的一端。
可选地,所述同步器包括套设在所述输入轴上的第一同步器,所述第一同步器用于连接所述二档主动齿轮和所述输入轴或者用于连接所述三档主动齿轮和所述输入轴以实现动力传输。
可选地,所述同步器包括套设在所述输入轴上的第一同步器和第二同步器,所述第一同步器用于连接所述二档主动齿轮和所述输入轴或者用于连接所述三档主动齿轮和所述输入轴以实现动力传输,所述第二同步器用于连接所述一档主动齿轮和所述输入轴以实现动力传输。
可选地,所述档位齿轮组包括相互啮合的一档主动齿轮和一档从动齿轮、相互啮合的二档主动齿轮和二档从动齿轮、相互啮合的三档主动齿轮和三档从动齿轮;
所述一档主动齿轮、所述二档主动齿轮以及所述三档主动齿轮在所述输入轴的轴向上间隔排列,所述一档从动齿轮空套在所述输出轴上,所述二档从动齿轮以及所述三档从动齿轮固套在所述输出轴上,所述第二电机的电机轴通过所述轴套与所述一档主动齿轮同步转动;
所述同步器包括套设在所述输入轴上的第一同步器和第二同步器,以及套设在所述输出轴上的第三同步器,所述第一同步器用于连接所述二档主动齿轮和所述输入轴或者用于连接所述三档主动齿轮和所述输入轴以实现动力传输,所述第二同步器用于连接所述一档主动齿轮和所述输入轴以实现动力传输,所述第三同步器用于连接所述一档从动齿轮和所述输出轴以实现动力传输。
可选地,所述混合动力变速器还包括差速器,所述差速器安装有差速器齿圈,所述输出轴上安装有主减速齿轮,所述主减速齿轮与所述差速器齿圈常啮合;
其中,所述主减速齿轮位于所述二档从动齿轮和所述三档从动齿轮之间,或者,所述主减速齿轮位于所述三档从动齿轮背离所述二档从动齿轮的一侧。
本发明还提出一种汽车,汽车包括如上所述的混合动力变速器。
附图说明
为了更清楚地说明本发明实施例或现有技术中的技术方案,下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,显而易见地,下面描述中的附图仅仅是本发明的一些实施例,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图示出的结构获得其他的附图。
图1为本发明混合动力变速器一实施例的结构示意图;
图2为本发明混合动力变速器又一实施例的结构示意图;
图3为本发明混合动力变速器另一实施例的结构示意图;
图4为本发明混合动力变速器再一实施例的结构示意图。
附图标号说明:
标号 名称 标号 名称
110 发动机 154 二档从动齿轮
120 离合器 155 三档主动齿轮
130 第一电机 156 三档从动齿轮
131 电机主动齿轮 160 输入轴
132 电机从动齿轮 170 输出轴
140 第二电机 180 差速器
141 轴套 181 差速器齿圈
150 档位齿轮组 190 主减速齿轮
151 一档主动齿轮 210 第一同步器
152 一档从动齿轮 220 第二同步器
153 二档主动齿轮 230 第三同步器
本发明目的的实现、功能特点及优点将结合实施例,参照附图做进一步说明。
具体实施方式
下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例仅仅是本发明的一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。
需要说明,本发明实施例中所有方向性指示(诸如上、下、左、右、前、后……)仅用于解释在某一特定姿态(如附图所示)下各部件之间的相对位置关系、运动情况等,如果该特定姿态发生改变时,则该方向性指示也相应地随之改变。
另外,在本发明中涉及“第一”、“第二”等的描述仅用于描述目的,而不能理解为指示或暗示其相对重要性或者隐含指明所指示的技术特征的数量。由此,限定有“第一”、“第二”的特征可以明示或者隐含地包括至少一个该特征。另外,全文中的“和/或”包括三个方案,以A和/或B为例,包括A技术方案、B技术方案,以及A和B同时满足的技术方案;另外,各个实施例之间的技术方案可以相互结合,但是必须是以本领域普通技术人员能够实现为基础,当技术方案的结合出现相互矛盾或无法实现时应当认为这种技术方案的结合不存在,也不在本发明要求的保护范围之内。
本发明提出一种混合动力变速器。
请参照图1,在本发明实施例中,混合动力变速器包括发动机110、离合器120、第一电机130、第二电机140、档位齿轮组150、多个同步器(210,220,230)、输入轴160和输出轴170。
发动机110、第一电机130、第二电机140作为本申请混合动力变速器的动力源,发动机110可以是燃烧汽油或者柴油的内燃机,即可以是汽油发动机110或柴油发动机110,这样使得本申请的变速器具有较广的应用面,第一电机130具有发电和驱动两个功能,其可以为盘式永磁直流无刷电动机,第二电机140同样可以采用盘式永磁直流无刷电动机,本申请对此不做限制,第一电机130的定子可以用例如螺栓固定在混合动力变速器的壳体上。离合器120用于结合或者切断发动机110与输入轴160之间的动力传输。优选地,离合器120的离合鼓与发动机110的飞轮输出端通过花键相连接,离合器120的离合毂与输入轴160通过花键相连接,使得当离合器120处于结合状态时通过离合毂带动输入轴160以相同转速进行转动,离合器120可以为干式离合器120也可以为湿式离合器120。
所述第一电机130的电机轴通过齿轮传动与输入轴160或者发动机110的飞轮输出端相连,请再次参照图1,在一些实施例中,在第一电机130的电机轴上固套有电机主动齿轮131,发动机110的飞轮输出端上固套有电机从动齿轮132,电机主动齿轮131和电机从动齿轮132啮合,此种结构设计,当第一电机130启动发动机110或发动机110驱动第一电机130发电时,则离合器120处于打开状态,可以使动力传递路径不会过长,使得混合动力变速器的整体结构紧凑。
请参照图2,在另一些实施例中,第一电机130的电机轴上固套有电机主动齿轮131,输入轴160上固套有电机从动齿轮132,电机主动齿轮131和电机从动齿轮132啮合,本申请电机主动齿轮131的齿径大于电机从动齿轮132的齿径,也即,此种连接方式,离合器120控制发动机110至输入轴160的动力输入,而第一电机130的动力可以直接通过输入轴160、档位齿轮组150、输出轴170的动力传递路径进行动力输出,由此,第一电机130不仅具有发电以及启动发动机110的作用,还能实现多个档位的动力输出。
所述档位齿轮组150形成有多个档位,档位齿轮组150包括至少两组相互啮合的主动齿轮和从动齿轮,主动齿轮空套在输入轴160上,从动齿轮套接在输出轴170上。第二电机140与输入轴为同轴设置,这样使得整个变速器的结构紧凑,第二电机140的电机轴通过一空套在输入轴160上的轴套141与主动档位齿轮中的一个进行固接,多个所述同步器用于使得输入轴160通过档位齿轮组150形成向输出轴170的不同档位的动力传输。也即,由于主动齿轮和从动齿轮是常啮合的,而第二电机140的电机轴通过一空套在输入轴160上的轴套141与主动档位齿轮中的一个进行固接,使得第二电机140至少具备一个档位实现动力输出。
本发明技术方案在变速器中设置第一电机130、第二电机140以及档位齿轮组150,其中档位齿轮组150包括至少两组相互啮合的主动齿轮和从动齿轮,主动齿轮空套在输入轴160上,从动齿轮套接在输出轴170上,第一电机130通过齿轮传动与输入轴160或者发动机110的飞轮输出端相连,而第二电机140的电机轴通过一空套在输入轴160上的轴套141与主动档位齿轮中的一个进行固接,同步器则用于选择性结合或者切断输入轴160、档位齿轮组150至输出轴170方向上的动力传输,通过这样设置,相交于现有的混动离合器120,第一电机130只能用于发电或启动发动机110,本申请的变速器由于第一电机130通过齿轮传动连接至输入轴160或者发动机110的飞轮输出端,而第二电机140的电机轴与一个主动齿轮同步转动,因此本申请的变速器,第一电机130既可以当作发电机也可以当作驱动电机使用,第一电机130还可以通过档位齿轮组150具有至少两个档位,发动机110也可以通过档位组件具有至少两个档位,行驶过程中,第一电机130可以和发动机110实现并联驱动,或者第二电机140和发动机110实现并联驱动,还可以是第一电机130、第二电机140以及发动机110三者同时进行动力输出,以此兼顾低中高车速和各种负载情况下的高效率输出以及良好的驾驶感觉,并且上述布局方式,还使得混合动力变速器具有结构紧凑的特点。
请参照图1、图2以及图4,在一些实施例中,所述档位齿轮组150包括相互啮合的一档主动齿轮151和一档从动齿轮152、相互啮合的二档主动齿轮153和二档从动齿轮154、相互啮合的三档主动齿轮155和三档从动齿轮156;其中,一档主动齿轮151、二档主动齿轮153以及三档主动齿轮155在输入轴160的轴向上间隔排列,一档从动齿轮152、二档从动齿轮154以及三档从动齿轮156固套在输出轴170上并在其轴向上间隔排列,第二电机140的电机轴通过轴套141与一档主动齿轮151同步转动。本实施例,所述第二电机140设置在输入轴160远离发动机110的一端,一档主动齿轮151设置在输出轴170远离发动机110的一端,本实施例档位齿轮组150设置三组相互啮合的主动齿轮和从动齿轮,第二电机140的电机轴与一档主动齿轮151固定连接,由此第二电机140具备一档驱动,而第一电机130可以通过同步器的结合位置不同而具备多个档位驱动,同时在离合器120将发动机110的动力接入到输入轴160的情况下,发动机110也能具备多个档位驱动的模式,这样可以实现在低中高车速和各种负载情况下的高效率输出。
在档位齿轮组150采用上述连接设置方式的情况下,请参照图4,在一实施例中,所述同步器包括套设在输入轴160上的第一同步器210,第一同步器210用于连接二档主动齿轮153和输入轴160或者用于连接所述三档主动齿轮155和所述输入轴160以实现动力传输,此布局模式下,第一电机130和发动机110都具备两个档位输出,第二电机140具备一个档位输出,混合动力变速器的空间进一步压缩,结构较为紧凑,适应小型车型。
而在另一实施例中,请结合参照图1和图2,所述同步器包括套设在输入轴160上的第一同步器210和第二同步器220,第一同步器210用于连接二档主动齿轮153和输入轴160或者用于连接三档主动齿轮155和输入轴160以实现动力传输,第二同步器220用于连接一档主动齿轮151和输入轴160以实现动力传输,本实施例,第一电机130和发动机110都具备三档输出,第二电机140具备一个档位输出,如此能够满足多种驾驶需求。
请参照图3,在又一实施例中,档位齿轮组150采用连接设置方式与上述内容介绍的不同,本实施例所述档位齿轮组150依旧是三组并包括相互啮合的一档主动齿轮151和一档从动齿轮152、相互啮合的二档主动齿轮153和二档从动齿轮154、相互啮合的三档主动齿轮155和三档从动齿轮156的情况下,上述的主动齿轮的连接方式与上述的实施例相同,而从动齿轮的连接方式则与上述实施例的方式不相同,其中,所述一档从动齿轮152空套在输出轴170上,二档从动齿轮154以及三档从动齿轮156固套在所述输出轴170上,第二电机140的电机轴依然通过轴套141与一档主动齿轮151同步转动,进一步地,本实施例,所述同步器包括套设在所述输入轴160上的第一同步器210和第二同步器220,以及套设在所述输出轴170上的第三同步器230,第一同步器210用于连接二档主动齿轮153和所述输入轴160或者用于连接三档主动齿轮155和输入轴160以实现动力传输,第二同步器220用于连接一档主动齿轮151和输入轴160以实现动力传输,第三同步器230用于连接一档从动齿轮152和输出轴170以实现动力传输。本实施例在第一电机130和发动机110都具备三个档位驱动的情况下,第二电机140也可以具备两个档位驱动(分别是一档和二档),这样设置,使得本实施例的混合动力变速器的驱动模式相较于上面实施例的驱动模式更多,因此更能满足多种驾驶需求。
可以理解地,在上述介绍的内容中,档位齿轮组150虽然为三组构成三个档位,但是在实际应用过程中,档位齿轮组150也可以设置例如四组相互啮合的主动齿轮和从动齿轮,以构成四个档位,甚至是五组以构成五个档位。
在上述任意实施例中,本申请的输入轴160和输出轴170平行设置,此外混合动力变速器还包括差速器180,所述差速器180安装有差速器齿圈181,输出轴170上安装有主减速齿轮190,主减速齿轮190与差速器齿圈181常啮合。
其中,所述主减速齿轮190位于所述二档从动齿轮154和所述三档从动齿轮156之间,或者,所述主减速齿轮190位于所述三档从动齿轮156背离所述二档从动齿轮154的一侧。
本申请所提供的混合动力变速器,通过上述内容介绍,我们了解到,第一电机130不仅能实现传统用于发电或启动发动机110的功能,还能和第二电机140一起参与驱动,故第二电机140无需像传统的变速器因为需要满足动力性设计更大的输出扭矩和功率,使得成本和空间要求较高,且不适合轻量化。进一步地,在发动机110具有三个档位的实施例中,发动机110不仅能兼顾中高车速的直驱驾驶,还能对于低车速的动力性具有较大的贡献。其次,由于第二电机140与一档主动齿轮151通过轴套141进行固定同步转动,轴套141套接在输入轴160上,则第二电机140至发动机110的连接传递路径较短,当需要第二电机140调节发动机110工况点时,传递效率较高。
本发明还提出一种汽车,该汽车包括混合动力变速器,该混合动力变速器的具体结构参照上述实施例,由于本汽车采用了上述所有实施例的全部技术方案,因此至少具有上述实施例的技术方案所带来的所有有益效果,在此不再一一赘述。
以上所述仅为本发明的可选实施例,并非因此限制本发明的专利范围,凡是在本发明的发明构思下,利用本发明说明书及附图内容所作的等效结构变换,或直接/间接运用在其他相关的技术领域均包括在本发明的专利保护范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种混合动力变速器,其特征在于,包括发动机、离合器、第一电机、第二电机、档位齿轮组、多个同步器、输入轴和输出轴;
所述离合器用于结合或者切断所述发动机与所述输入轴之间的动力传输;
所述第一电机的电机轴通过齿轮传动与所述输入轴或者所述发动机的飞轮输出端相连;
所述档位齿轮组形成有多个档位,所述档位齿轮组包括至少两组相互啮合的主动齿轮和从动齿轮,所述主动齿轮空套在所述输入轴上,所述从动齿轮套接在所述输出轴上;
所述第二电机与所述输入轴同轴设置,所述第二电机的电机轴通过一空套在所述输入轴上的轴套与所述主动档位齿轮中的一个进行固接;
多个所述同步器用于使得所述输入轴通过所述档位齿轮组形成向所述输出轴的不同档位的动力传输。
2.如权利要求1所述的混合动力变速器,其特征在于,所述第一电机的电机轴上固套有电机主动齿轮,所述输入轴上固套有电机从动齿轮,所述电机主动齿轮和所述电机从动齿轮啮合。
3.如权利要求1所述的混合动力变速器,其特征在于,所述第一电机的电机轴上固套有电机主动齿轮,所述发动机的飞轮输出端上固套有电机从动齿轮,所述电机主动齿轮和所述电机从动齿轮啮合。
4.如权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的混合动力变速器,其特征在于,所述档位齿轮组包括相互啮合的一档主动齿轮和一档从动齿轮、相互啮合的二档主动齿轮和二档从动齿轮、相互啮合的三档主动齿轮和三档从动齿轮,其中,所述二档主动齿轮和所述三档主动齿轮以及二者对应的从动齿轮可以在轴向上位置调换;
所述一档主动齿轮、所述二档主动齿轮以及所述三档主动齿轮在所述输入轴的轴向上间隔排列,所述一档从动齿轮、所述二档从动齿轮以及所述三档从动齿轮固套在所述输出轴上并在其轴向上间隔排列,所述第二电机的电机轴通过所述轴套与所述一档主动齿轮同步转动。
5.如权利要求4所述的混合动力变速器,其特征在于,所述第二电机设置在输入轴远离所述发动机的一端,所述一档主动齿轮设置在所述输出轴远离所述发动机的一端。
6.如权利要求4所述的混合动力变速器,其特征在于,所述同步器包括套设在所述输入轴上的第一同步器,所述第一同步器用于连接所述二档主动齿轮和所述输入轴或者用于连接所述三档主动齿轮和所述输入轴以实现动力传输。
7.如权利要求4所述的混合动力变速器,其特征在于,所述同步器包括套设在所述输入轴上的第一同步器和第二同步器,所述第一同步器用于连接所述二档主动齿轮和所述输入轴或者用于连接所述三档主动齿轮和所述输入轴以实现动力传输,所述第二同步器用于连接所述一档主动齿轮和所述输入轴以实现动力传输。
8.如权利要求1至3中任意一项所述的混合动力变速器,其特征在于,所述档位齿轮组包括相互啮合的一档主动齿轮和一档从动齿轮、相互啮合的二档主动齿轮和二档从动齿轮、相互啮合的三档主动齿轮和三档从动齿轮;
所述一档主动齿轮、所述二档主动齿轮以及所述三档主动齿轮在所述输入轴的轴向上间隔排列,所述一档从动齿轮空套在所述输出轴上,所述二档从动齿轮以及所述三档从动齿轮固套在所述输出轴上,所述第二电机的电机轴通过所述轴套与所述一档主动齿轮同步转动;
所述同步器包括套设在所述输入轴上的第一同步器和第二同步器,以及套设在所述输出轴上的第三同步器,所述第一同步器用于连接所述二档主动齿轮和所述输入轴或者用于连接所述三档主动齿轮和所述输入轴以实现动力传输,所述第二同步器用于连接所述一档主动齿轮和所述输入轴以实现动力传输,所述第三同步器用于连接所述一档从动齿轮和所述输出轴以实现动力传输。
9.如权利要求4所述的混合动力变速器,其特征在于,所述混合动力变速器还包括差速器,所述差速器安装有差速器齿圈,所述输出轴上安装有主减速齿轮,所述主减速齿轮与所述差速器齿圈常啮合;
其中,所述主减速齿轮位于所述二档从动齿轮和所述三档从动齿轮之间,或者,所述主减速齿轮位于所述三档从动齿轮背离所述二档从动齿轮的一侧。
10.一种汽车,其特征在于,包括如权利要求1至9中任意一项所述的混合动力变速器。
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