CN113047833A - Remote fixed-point air cannon impact cracking and impact prevention method for hard top plate - Google Patents
Remote fixed-point air cannon impact cracking and impact prevention method for hard top plate Download PDFInfo
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- CN113047833A CN113047833A CN202110310045.9A CN202110310045A CN113047833A CN 113047833 A CN113047833 A CN 113047833A CN 202110310045 A CN202110310045 A CN 202110310045A CN 113047833 A CN113047833 A CN 113047833A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 Chemical compound C1(=CC=CC=C1)N1C2=C(NC([C@H](C1)NC=1OC(=NN=1)C1=CC=CC=C1)=O)C=CC=C2 FGUUSXIOTUKUDN-IBGZPJMESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001052 transient effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C41/00—Methods of underground or surface mining; Layouts therefor
- E21C41/16—Methods of underground mining; Layouts therefor
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C37/00—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading
- E21C37/06—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole
- E21C37/14—Other methods or devices for dislodging with or without loading by making use of hydraulic or pneumatic pressure in a borehole by compressed air; by gas blast; by gasifying liquids
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Drilling And Exploitation, And Mining Machines And Methods (AREA)
Abstract
A method for preventing a hard top plate from being cracked and impacted by a remote fixed-point air cannon comprises the steps of adding water into the air cannon to crack the hard top plate within a certain range of an advanced working surface, efficiently transmitting energy of the air cannon by utilizing incompressibility of water, and continuously releasing high-pressure gas by the air cannon so as to continuously generate transient shock waves and realize continuous damage and cracking of top plate rocks; in addition, when the air cannon is released, the direction of the shock wave is mainly the direction of the pressure relief opening, so that the directional fracturing is realized. The invention can effectively prevent the threat caused by rock burst disasters, and has the advantages of simple process, low cost, safety, reliability and extremely high efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a pressure relief and scour prevention method for a rock burst mine, in particular to a remote fixed-point air cannon impact cracking and scour prevention method for a hard roof.
Background
Most coal mines in China enter deep parts, and deep mining faces serious disturbance of three highs and one highs, so that mining activities face great threat of rock burst disasters. In order to eliminate or weaken the rock burst disaster of the mine, the pressure relief of the rock burst disaster source of the mine is an effective method.
The disaster sources of rock burst mines are generally coal pillars, hard roofs and structures, the hard roofs are generally located above a mined coal seam, and when the roofs are broken, strong dynamic loads are generated and applied to a recovery area, so that rock burst accidents are caused. In order to ensure the safety of roadway excavation and working face extraction, regional fracturing and pressure relief can be carried out before the excavation activity begins. The existing regional fracturing and pressure relief technology mainly comprises technical measures such as long-drill fracturing and protective layer mining, but the protective layer is difficult to mine by impacting a mine, and the problems of extremely high fracturing cost, uncontrollable fracturing direction and the like exist by adopting the long-drill fixed-point hydraulic fracturing technology.
Therefore, a remote fracturing anti-impact method with low cost and controllable fracturing direction is needed to be invented.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a method for preventing the hard top plate from being cracked and rushed by the impact of a remote fixed-point air cannon, which can realize the purpose of preventing the hard top plate from being cracked and rushed remotely and regionally.
In order to solve the above problems, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for preventing impact disturbance, cracking, pressure relief and impact of a remote fixed-point air cannon for a hard top plate comprises the following steps:
a. constructing a roof cracking drill hole (3) to enable the roof cracking drill hole (3) to be located in a hard roof (2) above the mined coal seam (1);
b. feeding a sleeve (4) into the top plate cracking drill hole (3), wherein holes (5) are formed in the sleeve (4) at intervals;
c. the air cannon energy storage tank (6) is conveyed to a specified position of the sleeve (4), a pressure relief opening (7) of the air cannon energy storage tank (6) faces a hole (5) in the sleeve, and a high-pressure gas injection pipe (8) is connected behind the air cannon energy storage tank (6);
d. plugging the orifice area of the top plate fracturing drill hole (3) by adopting a conventional technology; one end of a water injection pipe (10) extends into the drill hole (3), and the other end of the water injection pipe is connected with a water pressure gauge (11) and a water injection pump (9); the high-pressure gas injection pipe 8 is connected with a barometer 14 and a gas injection pump 13;
e. injecting water into the top plate fracturing drill hole (3) to ensure that the water pressure P in the hole meets the following formula:
P≥ρgh+0.5
wherein p is the density of water in units of: g/cm3(ii) a g is the acceleration of gravity, and the unit is: m/s2(ii) a h is the fall between the bottom of the drill hole and the orifice, and the unit is m;
f. filling gas into the air cannon energy storage tank (6), wherein when the pressure of the air cannon energy storage tank (6) reaches a specified pressure, the safety valve (7) is automatically opened and releases the pressure, and when the pressure of the air cannon energy storage tank (6) is reduced to a closing pressure, the safety valve (7) is automatically closed;
g. repeating the operation of the step f for 10 times;
h. moving the air cannon energy storage tank (6) to other holes on the sleeve (4), and repeating the steps e-g until the fracturing work of all the holes is completed;
compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) under the condition of water coupling, the dynamic and static load combined acting force of air cannon impact and high-pressure air expansion is fully utilized, dynamic water driving and accurate fracturing are realized, and the economic cost is greatly reduced.
(2) The air cannon can carry out impact many times to the hard roof of the different degree of depth of drilling, and the operation is sent to the fracture to continuous orientation, has guaranteed the release effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the structure of the bushing of the present invention;
in the figure: 1. a coal seam; 2. a hard top plate; 3. fracturing the drill hole; 4. a sleeve; 5. a hole; 6. an air cannon energy storage tank; 7. a pressure relief port; 8. a high pressure gas injection pipe; 9. a water injection pump; 10. a water injection pipe; 11. a water pressure gauge; 12. water; 13. an air injection pump; 14. a barometer; 15. plugging material
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
A method for preventing impact cracking and impact of a remote fixed-point air cannon for a hard top plate comprises the following steps:
1. constructing a plurality of roof cracking drill holes 3 in a floor roadway of a mine, and enabling the roof cracking drill holes 3 to be located in a hard roof 2 above a mined coal seam 1;
2. feeding a sleeve 4 into the top plate cracking drill hole 3, wherein the front end of the sleeve 4 is closed, and a plurality of holes 5 are formed in the side edge at intervals;
3. sending a remote air cannon energy storage tank 6 into a specified position of a sleeve 4, enabling a pressure relief opening 7 of the air cannon energy storage tank to face a hole 5 in the sleeve, and connecting a high-pressure gas injection pipe 8 behind the air cannon energy storage tank 6;
4. plugging the orifice area of the top plate fracturing drill hole 3, extending one end of a water injection pipe 10 into the drill hole 3, and connecting the other end of the water injection pipe with a water pressure gauge 11 and a water injection pump 9; the high-pressure gas injection pipe 8 is connected with a barometer 14 and a gas injection pump 13;
6. water 13 is injected into the drill hole 3, and the water pressure P in the hole is ensured to meet the following formula:
P≥ρgh+0.5
where ρ is the density of water in units of: g/cm3(ii) a g is the acceleration of gravity, and the unit is: m/s2(ii) a h is the buried depth of the drilled hole and the unit is m;
7. filling gas into the air cannon energy storage tank 6, and automatically opening the safety valve 7 to release pressure when the pressure indicated by the barometer 14 reaches 30 MPa; when the pressure of the energy storage tank 6 is reduced to 0.5MPa, the safety valve 7 is automatically closed
8. Repeating the operation of the step 7 for 10 times;
9. moving the air cannon energy storage tank 6 to other holes on the sleeve 4, and repeating the steps 6-8 until the fracturing work of all the holes is completed;
10. closing the water injection pump 9 and the gas injection pump 13, and taking out the sleeve 4 and the energy storage tank 6;
regional pressure relief technologies adopted by mines in China mainly comprise long-drill-hole hydraulic fracturing, protective layer mining and the like, and when the protective layer mining technology is mainly applied to coal and gas outburst coal seams, the protective layer mining technology is difficult to adopt for mines with rock burst threats. However, with the hydraulic fracturing technology, operations such as fixed-point perforation, fixed-point local plugging, fixed-point local fracturing and the like must be performed, and each operation needs precise design and more expensive cost. Even if fracturing is performed, the direction of the fracture is difficult to control. The air cannon is added with water to crack the hard top plate, the energy of the air cannon can be efficiently transmitted by utilizing the incompressibility of water, and meanwhile, the air cannon can continuously release high-pressure gas, so that transient shock waves are continuously generated, and the continuous damage and the cracking of the top plate rock are realized. When the air cannon is released, the direction of the shock wave is mainly the direction of the pressure relief opening, and therefore directional fracturing is achieved. The air cannon has low cost and can be released repeatedly, so that the economy of the technology is greatly improved.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A method for preventing impact cracking and impact of a remote fixed-point air cannon for a hard top plate comprises the following steps:
a. constructing a roof cracking drill hole (3) to enable the roof cracking drill hole (3) to be located in a hard roof (2) above the mined coal seam (1);
b. feeding a sleeve (4) into the top plate cracking drill hole (3), wherein holes (5) are formed in the sleeve (4) at intervals;
c. the air cannon energy storage tank (6) is conveyed to a specified position of the sleeve (4), a pressure relief opening (7) of the air cannon energy storage tank (6) faces a hole (5) in the sleeve, and a high-pressure gas injection pipe (8) is connected behind the air cannon energy storage tank (6);
d. plugging the orifice area of the top plate fracturing drill hole (3) by adopting a conventional technology; one end of a water injection pipe (10) extends into the drill hole (3), and the other end of the water injection pipe is connected with a water pressure gauge (11) and a water injection pump (9); the high-pressure gas injection pipe 8 is connected with a barometer 14 and a gas injection pump 13;
e. injecting water into the top plate fracturing drill hole (3) to ensure that the water pressure P in the hole meets the following formula:
P≥ρgh+0.5
wherein rho is the density of water and the unit is g/cm3(ii) a g is gravity acceleration with the unit of m/s2(ii) a h is the fall between the bottom of the drill hole and the orifice, and the unit is m;
f. filling gas into the air cannon energy storage tank (6), wherein when the pressure of the air cannon energy storage tank (6) reaches a specified pressure, the safety valve (7) is automatically opened and releases the pressure, and when the pressure of the air cannon energy storage tank (6) is reduced to a closing pressure, the safety valve (7) is automatically closed;
g. repeating the operation of the step f for 10 times;
h. and (e) moving the air cannon energy storage tank (6) to other holes on the sleeve (4), and repeating the steps e-g until the fracturing work of all the holes is completed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110310045.9A CN113047833A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Remote fixed-point air cannon impact cracking and impact prevention method for hard top plate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110310045.9A CN113047833A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Remote fixed-point air cannon impact cracking and impact prevention method for hard top plate |
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Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4549608A (en) * | 1984-07-12 | 1985-10-29 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Hydraulic fracturing method employing special sand control technique |
| CN106285681A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-01-04 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of hard coal seam top board fracturing device and method |
| CN106593528A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-04-26 | 成都理工大学 | Air pressure fracturing high stress blocking method for large deformation of tunnel and device thereof |
| CN109252846A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-22 | 煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | The high pressure air pulse ripples periodically hammering anti-reflection system and method for coal body |
| CN109538209A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-03-29 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of reduction coal seam tight roof method based on electroporation |
| CN109931060A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-25 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device and method |
| CN111271065A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for forming roadway anti-impact weak structural layer through coal rock gas cracking |
-
2021
- 2021-03-23 CN CN202110310045.9A patent/CN113047833A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4549608A (en) * | 1984-07-12 | 1985-10-29 | Mobil Oil Corporation | Hydraulic fracturing method employing special sand control technique |
| CN106285681A (en) * | 2016-11-11 | 2017-01-04 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of hard coal seam top board fracturing device and method |
| CN106593528A (en) * | 2017-01-22 | 2017-04-26 | 成都理工大学 | Air pressure fracturing high stress blocking method for large deformation of tunnel and device thereof |
| CN109931060A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2019-06-25 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device and method |
| CN109538209A (en) * | 2018-09-11 | 2019-03-29 | 中国矿业大学 | A kind of reduction coal seam tight roof method based on electroporation |
| CN109252846A (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2019-01-22 | 煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | The high pressure air pulse ripples periodically hammering anti-reflection system and method for coal body |
| CN111271065A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-12 | 中国矿业大学 | Method for forming roadway anti-impact weak structural layer through coal rock gas cracking |
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Application publication date: 20210629 |