CN109931060A - A kind of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device and method - Google Patents
A kind of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN109931060A CN109931060A CN201711345232.0A CN201711345232A CN109931060A CN 109931060 A CN109931060 A CN 109931060A CN 201711345232 A CN201711345232 A CN 201711345232A CN 109931060 A CN109931060 A CN 109931060A
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device and method.Gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device is laid in drilling, comprising: CO2Phase transformation generator and hole packer；CO2Phase transformation generator is cylindrical structure, and internal reservoir has liquid CO2, first end is equipped with multiple spouts, second end connection hole packer；Hole packer is resilient bladder structure, is set to CO2The rear end of phase transformation generator, and connect with high-pressure water pipe；Hole packer dilation by water injection, for blocking drilling.By the gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device being laid in drilling, CO is first carried out in drilling2Phase transformation fracturing, by CO2Gas abrupt release in phase transformation generator enters in drilling, presplitting is oriented to drill hole inner wall, hydraulic fracture is carried out to drilling again, hydraulic fracture is set to continue to extend along precracking, to form large-scale hydraulic fracture band in coal and rock, reach the improvement to coal mine tight roof, top coal and bump；The gas permeability in coal seam has also been transformed simultaneously, has been conducive to the anti-reflection extinction in coal seam.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to coal mine field more particularly to a kind of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device and methods.
Background technique
Liquid CO2Phase transformation fracturing technology is physics blasting technique novel at present, during mining mineral resource, is utilized
Liquid CO2Endothermic gasification generate instantaneous high pressure carry out fracturing coal and rock, can replace traditional explosive blasting, can be used for coal blasting,
Top plate and bump are administered, coal seam is anti-reflection extinction, top coal reduction, stone door punching coal, coal bunker block clearing etc..
In underground coal mine, liquid CO is used2Phase transformation fracturing substitutes conventional blast technology and carries out fracturing to coal and rock, due to coal
Rock mass is in three-dimensional stress state (no scope of freedom), and crack extension length is shorter, and range is also smaller, causes fracturing ineffective.
Thus, liquid CO is used merely2Phase transformation fracturing is applied to coal mine roof plate, bump is administered, coal seam is anti-reflection extinction and top coal are weak
The effect of change etc. still is apparent not enough.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device and method, is caused with solving existing liquid carbon dioxide phase transformation
Split ineffective problem.
In a first aspect, the present invention provides a kind of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device, comprising: CO2Phase transformation generator and sealing of hole
Device；
The CO2Phase transformation generator is cylindrical structure；The CO2Phase transformation generator includes: liquid storage pipe, pneumatic head and unloads energy
Head；
The liquid storage pipe has hollow cavity, and the first end of the liquid storage pipe is connect with the first end of the pneumatic head；Institute
It states and is additionally provided with heating module in the first end of liquid storage pipe, for making the liquid CO in the liquid storage pipe2It is heated to be converted into gaseous state CO2；
The pneumatic head is equipped with liquid injection hole and charge valve；
The first end of the pneumatic head is connected to the liquid storage pipe hollow cavity, so that the liquid CO2Pass through the note
The filling channel of fluid apertures enters in the hollow cavity of the liquid storage pipe；
The charge valve is used to open and be closed the filling channel of the liquid injection hole；
The energy head that unloads is tubulose, the second end sealed connection for unloading energy head and the liquid storage pipe；Described unload can head
Outer wall unloads energy mouth with orientating function equipped with multiple, so that the gaseous state CO2The drilling is filled with by the energy mouth that unloads
It is interior, it drills described in presplitting；
The second end of the pneumatic head is connect with the hole packer；The hole packer is resilient bladder structure, is set to institute
State CO2The rear end of phase transformation generator, and connect with high-pressure water pipe；
The CO2Phase transformation generator is used for liquid CO2Switch to gaseous state, and be filled in the drilling, the drilling is carried out
Orient presplitting；
The hole packer dilation by water injection for blocking the drilling, and carries out high pressure water injection into the drilling, further
It drills described in fracturing.
Optionally, multiple described with orientating function unload can unload described in opening's edge can the circumferential direction of head be uniformly distributed；It is described to unload
Energy mouth is 12, and each energy oral pore diameter that unloads is 3mm.
Optionally, multiple that there is the described of orientating function to unload the axial sides symmetry arrangement that energy head is unloaded described in energy opening's edge；Institute
State unload can mouth be 12, it is described unload can unilateral described of head unload can mouth quantity be 6, it is each it is described unload can oral pore diameter be 3mm, phase
It is 2mm that energy mouth spacing is unloaded described in neighbour.
Preferably, the CO in each drilling2Phase transformation generator is multiple, multiple CO2Phase transformation generator according to
Secondary series connection, and the last one described CO2The second end of phase transformation generator connects the hole packer.
Further, the drilling hole amount is multiple, and the heating module in each drilling is drawn by lead
Outside to the drilling, and connect；The high-pressure water pipe connecting in each drilling with the hole packer passes through multi-pass
It is connected in parallel.
Second aspect, the present invention are provided a kind of combined using above-mentioned gas-liquid and orient fracturing device to coal and rock progress fracturing
Gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method, comprising:
At least one drilling is drilled in coal and rock；
The mounted gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device is sent into each drilling；
Sealing of hole is carried out to the drilling；
Liquid CO is oriented in the drilling2Phase transformation fracturing and hydraulic fracture.
Further, described that liquid CO is carried out in the drilling2Phase transformation fracturing and hydraulic fracture, comprising:
Start the CO2Phase transformation generator is oriented liquid CO in the drilling2Phase transformation fracturing, to the drilling
It is oriented presplitting；
High pressure water is injected into the hole packer, fracturing pressure is applied to the drilling after orientation presplitting, carries out waterpower
Fracturing makes hydraulic fracture continue to extend along the presplitting direction of the drilling.
Optionally, described that liquid CO is carried out in the drilling2Before phase transformation fracturing, further includes:
Into the hole packer, static pressure is filled the water, and stops water filling when until being full of water in the drilling.
Preferably, the drilling is multiple, and the spacing between the adjacent drilling is 1.5m~5m.
Preferably, the water pressure that high pressure water is injected into the hole packer is more than or equal to 5MPa.
Further, the water pressure of the water filling of the static pressure into the hole packer is less than or equal to 2MPa.
Gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device provided by the invention combines orientation fracturing method with gas-liquid, by coal and rock
It is drilled at least one drilling, and being sent into drilling includes CO2The gas-liquid of phase transformation generator and hole packer combination orientation fracturing dress
It sets, after to drilling and sealing, is successively oriented liquid CO in drilling2Phase transformation fracturing and hydraulic fracture.Have using multiple
The energy hole of unloading of orientating function is first oriented liquid CO to drilling2Phase transformation fracturing, passes through CO2Moment ejects in phase transformation generator
CO2Gas carries out high pressure fracturing to drill hole inner wall, forms orientation precracking in drill hole inner wall；Pair hydraulic fracture is carried out again, i.e.,
Drilling after orienting presplitting carries out high pressure water injection, further expands hydraulic fracture further along orientation precracking, realizes crack
In the intracorporal a wide range of extension of coal petrography, large-scale hydraulic fracture band is finally formed in coal and rock, thus in removal coal and rock
High stress or realize transfer of the high stress to low stress area, reach the improvement to coal mine tight roof, top coal and bump；
The gas permeability in coal seam has also been transformed in hydraulic fracture band simultaneously, is advantageously implemented the purpose of the anti-reflection extinction in coal seam.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device that embodiment one provides；
Fig. 2 is the CO that embodiment one provides2The structural schematic diagram of phase transformation generator；
Fig. 3 is a kind of partial schematic diagram for unloading energy head that embodiment one provides；
Fig. 4 is the partial schematic diagram that the another kind that embodiment one provides unloads energy head；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram for the gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device that embodiment two provides；
Fig. 6 is the flow diagram for the gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method that embodiment three provides；
Liquid CO is oriented in drilling in the gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method that Fig. 7 provides for embodiment three2Phase transformation causes
Split the flow diagram with hydraulic fracture.
Appended drawing reference:
1:CO2Phase transformation generator；11: liquid storage pipe；110: heating module；111: lead；12: pneumatic head；121: liquid injection hole；
122: charge valve；13: unloading can head；130: unloading can mouth；131: letting out can piece；
2: hole packer；
3: high-pressure water pipe；31: total Water filling valve；32: dispensing penstock；
4: pressure gauge；
5: multi-pass.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the object, technical scheme and advantages of the embodiment of the invention clearer, below in conjunction with the embodiment of the present invention
In attached drawing, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is
A part of the embodiment of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art
Every other embodiment obtained without creative efforts, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment one
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram for the gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device that embodiment one provides, as shown in Figure 1, this implementation
Example provides a kind of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device, comprising: CO2Phase transformation generator 1 and hole packer 2.Gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing
Device is laid in the drilling constructed in advance, in which:
As shown in Fig. 2, Fig. 2 is the CO that embodiment one provides2The structural schematic diagram of phase transformation generator, CO2Phase transformation generator 1
For cylindrical structure, internal reservoir has liquid CO2, CO2The first end of phase transformation generator 1 is equipped with multiple spouts 130, and second end connects
Connect hole packer 2.CO2Phase transformation generator 1 is used for liquid CO2Switch to gaseous state CO2, and be filled in drilling by spout 130, to drilling
Carry out presplitting.Hole packer 2 is located at close to drilling orifice end, is set to CO2The rear end of phase transformation generator 1, the other end of hole packer 2
It is connect with high-pressure water pipe, 2 dilation by water injection of hole packer, for blocking drilling, and carries out high pressure water injection into drilling, further fracturing
Drilling.
It is specific: the CO2Phase transformation generator 1 includes: liquid storage pipe 11, pneumatic head 12 and unload can head 13, in which: liquid storage pipe 11
With hollow cavity, which is used for storing liquid CO2.Preferably, which can be made of steel, can bear
The pressure of 1300MPa or more is preferred, to keep liquid storage pipe 11 reusable.Fever mould is equipped in the first end of the liquid storage pipe 11
Block 110, heating module 110 extend inwardly into the hollow cavity of liquid storage pipe 11, when 110 adstante febre of heating module can make liquid storage pipe 11
The liquid CO of interior storage2It is heated to be converted into gaseous state CO2。
The first end of liquid storage pipe 11 is connect with the first end of pneumatic head 12, and pneumatic head 12 also has hollow filling channel simultaneously
It is connected to the hollow cavity of liquid storage pipe 11.
Further, pneumatic head 12 is equipped with liquid injection hole 121 and charge valve 122, uses CO2Before phase transformation generator 1, open
Charge valve 122 will store liquid CO2Fluid reservoir be connected to liquid injection hole 121, to pass through the liquid injection hole on pneumatic head 12
121 are filled with liquid CO into liquid storage pipe 112, when pressure reaches setting value in liquid storage pipe 11, stop fluid injection and simultaneously close charge valve 122.
Optionally, it when the heating module 110 in liquid storage pipe 11 is electric heating tube, is additionally provided with and connects on the side wall of pneumatic head 12
String holes, it is outer that the conducting wire on electric heating tube can lead to drilling by the wiring hole on pneumatic head 12.After electric heating tube energization, electricity
Heat-generating pipe can occur in moment, and amount of heat is released in reaction, make the liquid CO in liquid storage pipe 112Heated phase becomes gaseous state CO2。
Further, unloading energy head 13 is tubulose, and the second end of liquid storage pipe 11 is connect with energy head 13 is unloaded.Unload the outer wall of energy head 13
Energy mouth 130 is unloaded with orientating function equipped with multiple, so that the gaseous state CO in liquid storage pipe 112Brill is filled with by unloading energy mouth 130
In hole, drill hole inner wall is made to crack to form prefabricated crack along direction initialization, realizes orientation pre-splitting hole.
Preferably, energy piece 131 can be unloaded by level pressure between head 13 and liquid storage pipe 11 by, which unloading, is tightly connected, and level pressure lets out energy piece 131 and is
Steel should have certain shear strength.As liquid CO in liquid storage pipe 112Heated phase change expansion, makes the pressure in liquid storage pipe 11
When power is more than the shearing strength that level pressure lets out energy piece 131, level pressure is let out energy piece 131 and is just destroyed under the action of shear stress, so that
Gaseous state CO in liquid storage pipe 112It can be discharged in hole 130 from multiple unload for unloading energy head 13, into drilling, to make CO2Gas is pre-
Split drilling.
Further, during drilling fracturing, in order to realize drilling interior orientation fracturing, that is, drill a certain along inner wall set
Determine direction fracturing, present embodiments providing two kinds of unloading with orientating function can 130 laying mode of hole.
The first, as shown in figure 3, Fig. 3 is a kind of partial schematic diagram for unloading energy head that embodiment one provides, it is multiple with fixed
To function unload can hole 130 along unload can the circumferential direction of head 13 be uniformly distributed, that is, unload can hole 130 along unload can be radially uniform point of head 13
Cloth.Optionally, unload can the quantity in hole 130 be 12, and each unload can the aperture of mouth 130 be 3mm, adjacent unload can hole 130
Angle is 30 degree.It unloads energy hole 130 and uses this kind of laying mode, in liquid CO2When phase transformation fracturing, CO can be made2Gas is radial along drilling
Fracturing forms the orientation precracking radial along drilling in drill hole inner wall.
Second, as shown in figure 4, Fig. 4 is the partial schematic diagram that the another kind that embodiment one provides unloads energy head, it is multiple to have
Orientating function unload can hole 130 along unload can head 13 axial sides it is symmetrically densely arranged, that is, unload can hole 130 along unload can head 13 axis
It is in symmetrically and evenly to be distributed to two sides.Optionally, the quantity for unloading the energy every side in hole 130 is 6, amounts to 12, and each unloading can mouth
130 aperture is 3mm, and the adjacent spacing for unloading energy hole 130 is 2mm.It can direction of the hole 130 in drilling it should be noted that unloading
It should be consistent with the precracking direction for needing to generate in coal and rock.
It unloads energy hole 130 and uses this kind of laying mode, in orientation liquid CO2When phase transformation fracturing, CO2Gas is sprayed along energy hole 130 is unloaded
Out, axial to drilling to carry out multiple spot intensively linear fracturing, to form the orientation precracking axial along drilling in drill hole inner wall.
Further, in the same drilling, can connect multiple CO2Phase transformation generator 1.It is used second when unloading energy hole 130
Laying mode, i.e., it is multiple unload can hole 130 along unload can head 13 axial sides it is symmetrically densely arranged when, each CO2Phase transformation generator 1
Between using limit connection, to guarantee all CO2The direction for unloading energy hole 130 of phase transformation generator 1 is consistent.Meanwhile finally
One CO2The second end of phase transformation generator 1 is connect with hole packer 2.Hole packer 2 is resilient bladder structure, is located at drilling orifice end,
One end of hole packer 2 and CO2The second end of phase transformation generator 1 connects, and the other end is connect with high-pressure water pipe 3.Hole packer 2 fills the water swollen
It is swollen, for blocking drilling, and high pressure water injection is carried out into drilling, further drill along precracking fracturing, increase the extension in crack
Range.
The present embodiment in the drilling constructed in advance by being sent into gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device, wherein gas-liquid combination
Orienting fracturing device includes: CO2Phase transformation generator and hole packer.CO2Phase transformation generator internal reservoir has liquid CO2, it is used for liquid
State CO2Switch to gaseous state, and be filled in drilling, presplitting is carried out to drilling；Hole packer is set to CO2The rear end of phase transformation generator, and with
High-pressure water pipe connection, after filling the water to hole packer, hole packer expansion simultaneously carries out sealing of hole to drilling, and it is empty that closing is formed in drilling
Between, to make CO2The CO of phase transformation generator phase transformation release2Gaseous state is oriented presplitting to drilling, generates prefabricated split in drill hole inner wall
Seam；By continuing high pressure water injection into hole packer, makes the high pressure water fracturing drilling in drilling, make hole internal fissure further edge
Prefabricated crack extension.Gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device provided in this embodiment can be in CO2Under the action of gas and high pressure water,
It generates in drilling along the crack of direction initialization, and realizes a wide range of extension in crack, so that high stress in removal coal and rock, reaches
Improvement to coal mine tight roof, top coal and bump, and realize the purpose of the anti-reflection extinction in coal seam.
Embodiment two
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram for the gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device that embodiment two provides, as shown in figure 5, in above-mentioned implementation
On the basis of example one, the present embodiment two provides another gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device.
It within coal mines,, can be intensive in the same plane in order to improve the effect of stream pressure fracturing for tight roof or top coal
It constructs multiple drillings linearly arranged.A set of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device is laid in each drilling, and will be each
The heating module 110 of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device is led to outside hole by lead 111, is connected；Simultaneously by each gas
The high-pressure water pipe 3 connecting in liquid combination orientation fracturing device with hole packer 2 is in parallel by multi-pass 5, and one is arranged in multi-pass
A total Water filling valve 31, for opening or closing water injecting pipeline.
When stream presses fracturing, the heating module 100 in each drilling is carried out while being started, to all drillings while carried out
Liquid CO2Phase transformation fracturing makes the CO in each drilling2Phase transformation generator 1 discharges CO simultaneously2Gas carries out presplitting to drilling.Then
Total Water filling valve 31 is opened again, injects high pressure water simultaneously into all drillings, is carried out hydraulic fracture, is made the hydraulic pressure between adjacent drilling
Fracturing continues to extend along precracking direction, and then penetrates through, and achievees the purpose that linear porous gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing, to improve
The range and effect of stream pressure fracturing.
Optionally, in order to more effectively control each drilling hydraulic fracture situation, one can be arranged in each high-pressure water pipe 3
A dispensing penstock 32 is used for the closure or openness road high pressure water injection pipe 3.
Preferably, in order to make porous while flow pressure fracturing and reach optimum efficiency, a wide range of of crack between multiple drillings is realized
Extension perforation, according to the practical occurrence condition of coal and rock, the spacing between adjacent drilling is that 1.5m~5m is advisable.Such as Specific construction
In, one of 1.5m, 2m, 3m, 4m or 5m may be selected according to physical condition in the spacing of wells.
The present embodiment is by multiple drillings linearly arranged of intensively constructing in the same plane of coal and rock, and each
Gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device is laid in drilling, while the heating module in each drilling being connected in series by lead, also
The water injection pipe connecting with hole packer in each drilling is in parallel, realize porous while flowing pressure fracturing.It is porous while flowing pressure fracturing
CO is carried out using synchronous in multiple drillings2The coupling of phase transformation fracturing and hydraulic fracture, be conducive to drill in precracking and
Subsequent hydraulic fracture propagation direction is controlled, and realizes that linear porous control orients fracturing, to improve to high-ground stress off field
The orientation fracturing effect of coal and rock, achievees the purpose that the anti-reflection extinction of underground coal mine erosion control, coal seam.
Embodiment three
Fig. 6 is the flow diagram for the gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method that embodiment three provides；Fig. 7 is that embodiment three provides
Gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method in drilling in carry out liquid CO2The flow diagram of phase transformation fracturing and hydraulic fracture.Such as Fig. 6
With shown in Fig. 7, the present invention provides a kind of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method, gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing side provided in this embodiment
Method realizes that stream pressure causes in coal and rock using the gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device provided in above-described embodiment one or embodiment two
It splits.Specifically, as shown in fig. 6, gas-liquid provided in this embodiment combination orientation fracturing method, comprising:
S101: at least one drilling is drilled in coal and rock；
Specifically, the hole depth of construction drill and drilling extending direction can be according to the mesh of coal and rock geological conditions and stream pressure fracturing
It is comprehensive determine, bore diameter is best can just be sent into gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device.If it is multiple for drilling, more
The axially extending direction of a drilling should be in the same plane, and the spacing between adjacent drilling is that 1.5m~5m is advisable.Example
In Specific construction, one of 1.5m, 2m, 3m, 4m or 5m is may be selected according to physical condition in the spacing of wells.
S102: mounted gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device is sent into each drilling；
After the completion of drilling construction, mounted gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device is sent into drilling, i.e., it is first backward to bore
CO is sent into hole2Phase transformation generator and hole packer, wherein CO2The direction that energy hole is unloaded in phase transformation generator should be with needs in coal and rock
The interior direction for generating prefabricated crack is consistent.Wherein, CO2Phase transformation generator is located at drilling bottom end, and hole packer is located at drilling orifice
End, hole packer end is connect with high-pressure water pipe.
S103: sealing of hole is carried out to drilling；
Specifically, drilling and sealing can be filled the water by opening high-pressure water pipe 3 into hole packer 2, expand the capsule of hole packer 2
Close to drill hole inner wall, to close drilling, confined space is formed in bore inner.
S104: liquid CO is oriented in the drilling2Phase transformation fracturing and hydraulic fracture.
After drilling sealing, closes high-pressure water pipe and stop water filling, then start CO2Phase transformation generator 1, makes CO2Phase transformation generator
Liquid CO in 12Mutually become gaseous state CO2, and from CO2It is sprayed in phase transformation generator 1, the high pressure CO in drilling2Gas to drill into
Row orientation gas pressure break, to form orientation precracking in drill hole inner wall.Specifically, can be by starting CO2In phase transformation generator 1
Heating module 110, heating module can react in moment and release amount of heat, make CO2Liquid CO in phase transformation generator 12
It is heated rapidly mutually to become gaseous state CO2, to make a large amount of CO2Gas quickly from unloading and can spray in hole 130 to drill hole inner wall, is drilling
The precracking of inner wall generation direction initialization.
Orient liquid CO2After phase transformation fracturing, high-pressure water pipe 3 is opened, high pressure water is injected into hole packer 2, after presplitting
Drilling applies fracturing pressure, carries out hydraulic fracture, and the precracking direction for generating hydraulic fracture along drilling continues to extend, finally
The crack of larger spreading range is generated in coal and rock interior orientation, so that high stress in removal coal and rock, reaches to the hard top of coal mine
The improvement of plate, top coal and bump, and realize the purpose of the anti-reflection extinction in coal seam.
Preferably, liquid CO is oriented in drilling2It can also include: quiet into hole packer 2 before phase transformation fracturing
Pressure injection water stops water filling when until being full of water in drilling.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 7, S401: it is filled the water to hole packer 2, after completing sealing of hole, does not close high-pressure water pipe 3, but
Continue to carry out static pressure water filling into hole packer 2, until turning off high-pressure water pipe 3 when being full of water in drilling and stopping water filling.
S402: and then liquid CO is oriented in drilling2Phase transformation fracturing, so that from the CO ejected in energy hole 130 is unloaded2
Gas expands in water, air water assembled pulse wave impact the wall of a borehole is formed, to make the extension length and model in drill hole inner wall crack
Enclose the better effect for making to orient presplitting more greatly.
S403: finally injecting high pressure water into the drilling after presplitting again, carries out hydraulic fracture, and the interior high pressure water that makes to drill is to brill
Hole applies fracturing pressure, and further fracturing drilling makes hydraulic fracture continue to extend along orientation precracking, ultimately forms on a large scale
Hydraulic fracture band.
Further, during filling the water sealing of hole to hole packer 2 and continuing to fill the water to 2 static pressure of hole packer, hole packer
The water pressure of interior static pressure water filling, which is generally less than, is equal to 2MPa；And in the hydraulic fracture stage, the water of high pressure water is injected into hole packer
Pressure should be greater than being equal to 5MPa, in actual use can by the pressure gauge 4 that is arranged in high-pressure water pipe to pressure in hole packer 2 into
Row real-time monitoring.
Gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method provided in this embodiment, by being sent into gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing dress into drilling
It sets, is oriented liquid CO in drilling first2Phase transformation fracturing, makes drill hole inner wall in CO2The surge generated when gas injection
Lower formation orients precracking, then carries out hydraulic fracture in drilling again, makes the high pressure water high pressure fracturing drilling in drilling, makes water
Pressure-break continues finally to form large-scale hydraulic fracture in coal and rock to coal and rock internal extended along orientation precracking
Band, so that the intracorporal high stress of removal coal petrography, reaches the improvement to coal mine tight roof, top coal and bump；Hydraulic pressure simultaneously
The gas permeability in coal seam has also been transformed in slit band, is advantageously implemented the purpose of the anti-reflection extinction in coal seam.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention., rather than its limitations；To the greatest extent
Pipe present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that: its according to
So be possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or to some or all of the technical features into
Row equivalent replacement；And these are modified or replaceed, various embodiments of the present invention technology that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution
The range of scheme.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device, is laid in the drilling constructed in advance characterized by comprising CO2Phase transformation
Generator and hole packer；
The CO2Phase transformation generator is cylindrical structure；
The CO2Phase transformation generator includes: liquid storage pipe, pneumatic head and unload can head；
The liquid storage pipe has hollow cavity, and internal reservoir has liquid CO2, the first end of the liquid storage pipe and the pneumatic head
First end connection；It is additionally provided with heating module in the first end of the liquid storage pipe, for making the liquid CO in the liquid storage pipe2It is heated
It is converted into gaseous state CO2；
The pneumatic head is equipped with liquid injection hole and charge valve；
The first end of the pneumatic head is connected to the hollow cavity of the liquid storage pipe, so that the liquid CO2Pass through the liquid injection hole
Filling channel enter the liquid storage pipe hollow cavity in；
The charge valve is used to open and be closed the filling channel of the liquid injection hole；
The energy head that unloads is tubulose, the second end sealed connection for unloading energy head and the liquid storage pipe；The outer wall for unloading energy head
Energy mouth is unloaded with orientating function equipped with multiple, so that the gaseous state CO2It is filled in the drilling by the energy mouth that unloads, in advance
Split the drilling；
The second end of the pneumatic head is connect with the hole packer；
The hole packer is resilient bladder structure, is set to the CO2The rear end of phase transformation generator, and connect with high-pressure water pipe；
The CO2Phase transformation generator is used for liquid CO2Switch to gaseous state, and be filled in the drilling, the drilling is oriented
Presplitting；
The hole packer dilation by water injection for blocking the drilling, and carries out high pressure water injection into the drilling, further fracturing
The drilling.
2. gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multiple that there is orientating function
It is described unload can unload described in opening's edge can the circumferential direction of head be uniformly distributed；The energy mouth that unloads is 12, and each energy oral pore diameter that unloads is
3mm。
3. gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the multiple that there is orientating function
It is described unload can unload described in opening's edge can head axial sides symmetry arrangement；It is described unload can mouth be 12, it is described unload can head it is unilateral
The energy mouth quantity of unloading is 6, and each for the energy oral pore diameter that unloads for 3mm, the adjacent energy mouth spacing of unloading is 2mm.
4. gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in each drilling
CO2Phase transformation generator is multiple, multiple CO2Phase transformation generator is sequentially connected in series, and the last one described CO2Phase transformation occurs
The second end of device connects the hole packer.
5. gas-liquid according to claim 1 combination orientation fracturing device, which is characterized in that the drilling hole amount be it is multiple,
The heating module in each drilling is led to outside the drilling by lead, and is connected；Each drilling
The interior high-pressure water pipe connecting with the hole packer is connected in parallel by multi-pass.
6. a kind of combine orientation fracturing device to coal and rock progress fracturing using the described in any item gas-liquids of Claims 1 to 55
Gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method characterized by comprising
At least one drilling is drilled in coal and rock；
The mounted gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing device is sent into each drilling；
Sealing of hole is carried out to the drilling；
Liquid CO is oriented in the drilling2Phase transformation fracturing and hydraulic fracture.
7. gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method according to claim 6, which is characterized in that described to be carried out in the drilling
Orient liquid CO2Phase transformation fracturing and hydraulic fracture, comprising:
Start the CO2Phase transformation generator, by it is multiple have orientating function described in unload can mouth be oriented in the drilling
Liquid CO2Phase transformation fracturing, to be oriented presplitting to the drilling；
High pressure water is injected into the hole packer, fracturing pressure is applied to the drilling after orientation presplitting, carries out hydraulic fracture,
Hydraulic fracture is set to continue to extend along the presplitting direction of the drilling.
8. gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described to be carried out in the drilling
Orient liquid CO2Before phase transformation fracturing, further includes:
Into the hole packer, static pressure is filled the water, and stops water filling when until being full of water in the drilling.
9. gas-liquid according to claim 6 combination orientation fracturing method, which is characterized in that the drilling is multiple, and phase
Spacing between the adjacent drilling is 1.5m~5m.
10. gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method according to claim 7, which is characterized in that described into the hole packer
The water pressure for injecting high pressure water is more than or equal to 5MPa.
11. gas-liquid combination orientation fracturing method according to claim 8, which is characterized in that described into the hole packer
The water pressure of static pressure water filling is less than or equal to 2MPa.
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