CN101586441B - High-pressure water jet system and method for drilling and enlarging holes on coal bed - Google Patents
High-pressure water jet system and method for drilling and enlarging holes on coal bed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-pressure water jet system for drilling and enlarging holes on coal bed, comprises a high-prerssure water jet system, a drilling machine, a drilling rod and tool system. The high-pressure water jet system includes a water tank, a high-pressure pump, a high-pressure hose connected in sequence, the drilling machine includes a control panel and a machine body, the drilling rod and tool system includes a high-pressure rotation sealing device, a high-pressure sealing drilling rod, a tower-like drill combined of jet mechnical blades with a high-pressure water jet nozzle. According to the invention, drilling and enlarging holes on coal bed is implemented by combination function of rotation cutting of high-pressure water jet to coal of hole bottom and wall, and function of grinding of mechnical blades, which can avoid phenomenon of drilling block and drilling clip during process of drilling holes on coal bed, long drilling holes are formed on soft coal bed with high ground stress, air-conductivity and pressure relief range of coal around drilling holes are enlarged, gas drainage effect and outburst control effect of drilling hoels on coal bed are improved. Additionaly, the invention also discloses a high-pressure water jet method for drilling and enlarging holes on coal bed.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Safety of Coal Mine Production mining equipment technical field, the method for reaming system and the brill reaming of a kind of high-pressure water jet coal seam is bored in particularly a kind of high-pressure water jet coal seam.
Background technology
Along with the increase to coal demand of the development of coal in China industry and national economy, coal production improves constantly.Like this, existing high gas and coal and gas outburst mine face the pressure that improves output on the one hand, and the deepening of mine main makes original mine gradually become high gas, projecting mine more and more on the other hand.For projecting coal bed and high gas layer, gas drainage under suction is the measure that effects a permanent cure that control is outstanding and administer gas, and gas suction by drilling is feasible and comparatively economic a kind of drainage method, has obtained application more and more widely.
China is the outstanding the most serious country of disaster of coal and gas, and according to incompletely statistics, outstanding every year on average number of times is more than 600 times, and protrusion-dispelling is the main task of Safety of Coal Mine Production.The geostatic stress in these collieries is big, the coal seam is soft, and projecting coal bed gas pressure is big.Conventional mechanical rig tool construction usually bit freezing, stick of tool, spray orifice can occur along the unusual difficulty of layer boring, even phenomenon such as outstanding, causes construction depth little, even security incident takes place.In addition, because the diameter of boring is big more, the gas drainage under suction effect is good more, adopts traditional machine dimensions drill construction large diameter borehole just difficult more.But, if only adopt contactless jet rig tool, the bulk cinder appears in boring procedure easily, stop up boring and cause deslagging not smooth, make the Completion of Drilling Hole degree of depth very limited, big limitations its application.
To China the high-ground stress of significant proportion, soft, high gas layer are arranged; And these coal seams along the unusual less concrete condition of difficulty and layer-through drilling coal seam sector hole footpath of layer mechanical type drilling construction; Overcome the shortcoming of power auger facility and jet rig tool; The construction technology of the broken coal borer reaming of research and development jet mechanically combining, promptly high-pressure water jet coal seam brill reaming system and method seems particularly urgent and necessary.
In view of above situation; For depth of pore forming and the aperture that increases high gas, projecting coal bed firedamp taking-out discharging drilling; Exploitation can be applicable to along the high-pressure water jet coal seam of coal bed drilling and layer-through drilling reaming construction simultaneously bores counter-boring techniques and equipment, will have boundless application prospect undoubtedly.
Summary of the invention
In view of this; The invention provides a kind of high-pressure water jet coal seam and bore reaming system and a kind of high-pressure water jet coal seam brill expanding method; Bore counter-boring techniques through utilization high-pressure water jet coal seam, can solve in China's high-ground stress, weak seam, the problem that the conventional mechanical drilling machine construction is difficult along layer boring and sector hole footpath in layer-through drilling coal seam is little; Realize the coal seam along layer boring and reaming synchronization implementation, and the purpose of layer-through drilling reaming.
One of the object of the invention provides a kind of high-pressure water jet coal seam and bores the reaming system; Comprise high-pressure water jet generation systems, rig, drill rod boring tool system; Said high-pressure water jet generation systems comprises storage tank, high-pressure hydraulic pump, the high-pressure rubber pipe that links to each other successively; Said rig comprises rig console and rig body; The drill rod boring tool system comprises high pressure rotary sealing device, high pressure sealing drilling rod and jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit; The front end of said jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit is provided with at least one high-pressure water shot flow nozzle; Said high-pressure rubber pipe links to each other with the afterbody of high pressure sealing drilling rod through the high pressure rotary sealing device and communicates with the inner chamber of high pressure sealing drilling rod, and the afterbody that the other end of said high pressure sealing drilling rod links to each other with jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit links to each other, and the inner chamber of said high pressure sealing drilling rod is connected with the high-pressure water shot flow nozzle.
Further, the front end face of said jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit is provided with a plurality of mechanical blade symmetrically and evenly by the center, and under the rotation induced effect of high pressure sealing drilling rod, said jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit can be realized axial rotation;
Further, said high-pressure water shot flow nozzle comprises directly to nozzle, the said center of rotation position that directly is arranged in jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit to nozzle vertically;
Further; Said high-pressure water shot flow nozzle comprises at least two oblique nozzles, and said oblique nozzle is arranged between the mechanical blade, has angle between the axis of said oblique nozzle and the axis of ejecting device; Along the water outlet direction, the angular range of this angle is 30 °～75 °;
Further, at the middle part of jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit, on same cross-sectional circumferential, be symmetrically arranged with at least two side direction nozzles with equally spaced mode;
Further, the rear portion of said jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit is provided with dismountable rearmounted blade that increases;
Further, being connected between said jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit and the high-pressure spray drilling rod, and built-in crush seal connected mode is all adopted in the connection between the high-pressure spray drilling rod;
Further, said high pressure rotary sealing device comprises axis of rotation, high-pressure seal ring and the external shell of hollow, and the junction adopts high-pressure seal ring to seal, and said axis of rotation is arranged on external shell inside and can realizes axial rotation under external force; One end of said axis of rotation is connected with the shaft of high-pressure spray drilling rod, and the other end is fixedly connected with high-pressure rubber pipe, and the internal cavities of said axis of rotation communicates with high-pressure spray drilling rod and high-pressure water shot flow nozzle.
Two of the object of the invention provides a kind of high-pressure water jet coal seam and bores expanding method, may further comprise the steps:
1) be fixedly connected an end of high-pressure rubber pipe and high pressure rotary sealing device with snap joint, the other end of high pressure rotary sealing device is connected with the high-pressure spray drilling rod, at the high-pressure spray drill rod end jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit is installed;
2) open rig, drive the rotation of high-pressure spray drilling rod, creep into a segment distance along bore angle grinding in the coal seam of design with the mechanical blade of jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit;
3) open high pressure water jet equipment; The High-Pressure Water that produces sprays from the high-pressure water shot flow nozzle on the jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit through high pressure rotary sealing device and high-pressure spray drilling rod; Drive formation rotating jet under the drill bit turning effort at the high-pressure spray drilling rod; Jet is rotated cutting with the hole wall coal body at the bottom of to the hole, and drilling rod drives drill bit and creeps into also reaming under the rotation cutting of jet and mechanical blade grinding compound action;
4) closed control valve after in coal bed drilling, creeping into predetermined length progressively increases the quantity of high-pressure spray drilling rod, to carry out creeping into of next step, until reaching the design hole depth;
5) close the high-pressure water jet generation systems, drive progressively to rise by rig and lift injection stream drilling rod, accomplish the coal seam and bore the reaming construction.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. the present invention adopts the high-pressure water jet combine to break the coal borer counter-boring techniques; Be different from the conventional drilling rod rotation drive drill bit rotation cutting rib that leans on and realize the pure machine drilling technology of creeping into; Conventional mechanical drill with hole between closely contact; When boring collapses the hole, be easy to occur the bit freezing phenomenon, cause and to creep into; Present technique also is different from pure jet drilling technology, and pure jet drilling is easy to generate the bulk cinder, causes the deslagging compensation to stop up boring; And to bore counter-boring techniques be to realize creeping into reaming through the associating high-pressure water jet to the cutting and grinding of rib rotation cutting and mechanical blade in the high-pressure water jet coal seam; Bulk cinder in the boring can be ground to decompose smoothly and discharged; Thereby can avoid bit freezing and stick of tool effectively, solve the difficult problem of brill reaming construction in high-ground stress, soft high gas layer;
2. the present invention can adapt to various geological conditionss in use, and does not have the heating of mechanical drill, the defectives such as short of wearing and tearing, receive a mandate, and can reduce operating cost and can shorten maintenance, downtime of bit change more.Compare with the conventional mechanical borer system, its operating cost is cheap;
3. when the diameter of construction coal bed drilling increases; The load of conventional mechanical rig will become geometric growth; Therefore the large diameter borehole of constructing is very difficult; And system of the present invention can be through the jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit with nozzle of the appropriate design major diameter long drilled holes of constructing, and realizes that the coal seam creeps into the target with the reaming synchronization implementation.
Other advantages of the present invention, target and characteristic will be set forth in manual subsequently to a certain extent; And to a certain extent; Based on being conspicuous to those skilled in the art, perhaps can from practice of the present invention, obtain instruction to investigating of hereinafter.Target of the present invention and other advantages can realize and obtain through following manual and claims.
Description of drawings
In order to make the object of the invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, will combine accompanying drawing that the present invention is made further detailed description below, wherein:
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit structure sketch map;
Fig. 3 be Fig. 2 along A-A to structural representation;
Fig. 4 be Fig. 2 along B-B to structural representation;
Fig. 5 is the built-in extruded sealing structure sketch map of drilling rod.
The specific embodiment
Below will carry out detailed description to embodiments of the invention with reference to accompanying drawing.Should be appreciated that embodiment has been merely explanation the present invention, rather than in order to limit protection scope of the present invention.
The 1-borer system; 2-high pressure sealing drilling rod; The 3-storage tank; The 4-high-pressure hydraulic pump; The 5-high-pressure rubber pipe; The 6-rotary sealing appts; 7-jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit; The 8-mechanical blade; The rearmounted blade that increases of 9-; 10-is directly to nozzle; The 11-side nozzle; The oblique nozzle of 12-; 13-snap joint; The 14-control valve.
As shown in Figure 1; The reaming service system is bored in high-pressure water jet of the present invention coal seam; Comprise rig 1, rig 1 comprises hydraulic pump, console and rig body, and this brill reaming system also comprises the high-pressure water shot streaming system; The high-pressure water shot streaming system comprises storage tank 3, high-pressure hydraulic pump 4 and the high-pressure rubber pipe 5 that links to each other successively; The present invention also comprises the drill rod boring tool system, mainly is made up of high pressure rotary sealing device 6, high pressure sealing drilling rod 2, jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit 7, and high-pressure rubber pipe 5 links to each other with the afterbody of high-pressure spray drilling rod 2 through high pressure rotary sealing device 6 and communicates with the inner chamber of drilling rod 2; The water yield is controlled through control valve 14, and the end of high-pressure spray drilling rod 2 is connected with jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit 7.The high pressure rotary sealing device comprises axis of rotation, high-pressure seal ring and the external shell of hollow, and the junction seals through high-pressure seal ring, and axis of rotation is arranged on external shell inside and can realizes axial rotation under external force; One end of axis of rotation is connected with the shaft of high-pressure spray drilling rod, and the other end is fixedly connected with high-pressure rubber pipe, and the internal cavities of axis of rotation communicates with the jet inner chamber of high-pressure spray drilling rod.
As shown in Figure 2; In jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit 7, be provided with a plurality of mechanical blade 8 symmetrically and evenly by the center; The symmetrical centre of mechanical blade 8 is provided with one directly to nozzle 10, and directly to the dead in line of nozzle 10 with jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit 7, this is to make hole ground coal body broken in advance in drill bit the place ahead to the main effect of nozzle 10 directly; Reduce the grinding difficulty of mechanical blade 8, improved drilling efficiency; On the drill bit device, also adopted the quantity oblique nozzle 12 identical with the quantity of drill bit mechanical blade; Oblique nozzle 12 is arranged between the adjacent mechanical blade 8 and on the front end face of drill bit device, evenly distributes; There is angle between the axis of the axis of oblique nozzle 12 and jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit 7; Along the water outlet direction; The angular range of this angle is 30 °～75 °; The main effect of oblique nozzle 12 be under drill bit rotation induced effect, form have axially, radially with the rotating jet of tangential three-dimensional velocity, " cut " under the comprehensive crushing force effect that power and axial impact produce in the power of radially " opening ", tangential that rotating jet applies with the hole wall coal body at the bottom of the boring hole and make coal body generation destruction, reached the effect of creeping into simultaneously with reaming; Be provided with dismountable rearmounted blade 9 that increases at the rear of jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit 7; Form the tower structure of different-diameters with the mechanical blade of front end face 8; The rearmounted main effect that increases blade 9 is to grind all coal bodies of bulk cinder and hole, and the refinement cinder is convenient to the smooth discharge of cinder in the hole when enlarging the aperture; On the same cross-sectional circumferential in the middle part of mechanical blade 8 and the rearmounted drill bit that increases between the blade 9; Along jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit radially; Be provided with a plurality of side direction nozzles 11 with equally spaced mode, the main effect of this nozzle is a cutting hole week coal body increase bore diameter; According to different brill reaming situation; Directly can selectively be provided with, in the higher coal seam of solid coefficient during drilling deep hole, under the condition that reaches the requirement aperture to nozzle 10, side direction nozzle 11 and the rearmounted blade 9 that increases; Side direction nozzle 11 and the rearmounted blade 9 that increases can be set; In the reaming construction that with the hole diameter enlargement is purpose, can not be provided with directly to nozzle 10, and side direction nozzle 11 all should be provided with the rearmounted blade 9 that increases; For other situation, also can be according to actual selection different combinations set-up mode.
As shown in Figure 3, being connected between jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit 7 and the high-pressure spray sealing drilling rod 2, and built-in crush seal connected mode is all adopted in the connection between the high-pressure spray sealing drilling rod 2.When carrying out the high-pressure water jet coal bed drilling; The pressure of working media is higher, and most places all are to adopt manually-operated during boring, thereby requires the high pressure drilling rod will have the welding of enough compressive strength, its joint and sealing that strict demand is all arranged; Through adopting crush seal; The jackrod structure that the drilling rod overall structure adopts the typing of Chongqing academy to produce, crudy is guaranteed, and sealing performance can reach desirable effect.
High-pressure water jet of the present invention coal seam is bored the reaming system and is realized creeping into reaming through the associating high-pressure water jet to the cutting and grinding of rib rotation cutting and mechanical blade; Overcome the not smooth and big shortcoming of machine drilling resistance of pure jet drilling deslagging; Make the bulk cinder in the boring can be ground decomposition discharge smoothly; Thereby can avoid bit freezing and stick of tool effectively, solve the difficult problem of brill reaming construction in high-ground stress, soft high gas layer, on the basis of depth of pore forming and diameter increase; Increase the release scope and the permeability of coal bed drilling, improved the gas drainage under suction effect and the outstanding prevention effect of boring.
Expanding method is bored in high-pressure water jet of the present invention coal seam, may further comprise the steps:
1) be fixedly connected an end of high-pressure rubber pipe and high pressure rotary sealing device with snap joint, the other end of high pressure rotary sealing device is connected with the high-pressure spray drilling rod, at the high-pressure spray drill rod end jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit is installed;
2) open rig, drive the rotation of high-pressure spray drilling rod, creep into a segment distance along bore angle grinding in the coal seam of design through the mechanical blade of jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit;
3) open high pressure water jet equipment; The High-Pressure Water that produces sprays from the high-pressure water shot flow nozzle on the jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit through high pressure rotary sealing device and high-pressure spray drilling rod; Drive formation rotating jet under the drill bit turning effort at the high-pressure spray drilling rod; Jet is rotated cutting with the hole wall coal body at the bottom of to the hole, and drilling rod drives drill bit and creeps into also reaming under the rotation cutting of jet and mechanical blade grinding compound action;
4) closed control valve after in coal bed drilling, creeping into predetermined length progressively increases the high-pressure spray drilling rod, to carry out creeping into of next step;
5) after drilling depth reaches the design hole depth, close the high-pressure water jet generation systems, drive progressively to rise by rig and lift injection stream drilling rod, accomplish the coal seam and bore the reaming construction.
Explanation is at last; Above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described; Although with reference to preferred embodiment the present invention is specified, those of ordinary skill in the art should be appreciated that and can make amendment or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention; And not breaking away from the aim and the scope of present technique scheme, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the reaming system is bored in the high-pressure water jet coal seam; Comprise high-pressure water jet generation systems, rig, drill rod boring tool system; Said high-pressure water jet generation systems comprises storage tank, high-pressure hydraulic pump, the high-pressure rubber pipe that links to each other successively; Said rig comprises rig console and rig body; It is characterized in that: the drill rod boring tool system comprises high pressure rotary sealing device, high pressure sealing drilling rod and jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit; The front end of said jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit is provided with at least one high-pressure water shot flow nozzle; Said high-pressure rubber pipe links to each other with the afterbody of high pressure sealing drilling rod through the high pressure rotary sealing device and communicates with the inner chamber of high pressure sealing drilling rod, and the head end of said high pressure sealing drilling rod links to each other with the afterbody of jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit, and the inner chamber of said high pressure sealing drilling rod is connected with the high-pressure water shot flow nozzle.
2. the reaming system is bored in high-pressure water jet according to claim 1 coal seam; It is characterized in that: the front end face of said jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit is provided with a plurality of mechanical blade symmetrically and evenly by the center; Under the rotation induced effect of high pressure sealing drilling rod, said jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit can be realized axial rotation.
3. the reaming system is bored in high-pressure water jet according to claim 2 coal seam, it is characterized in that: said high-pressure water shot flow nozzle comprises directly to nozzle, the said center of rotation position that directly is arranged in jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit to nozzle vertically.
4. bore the reaming system according to claim 2 or 3 described high-pressure water jet coal seams; It is characterized in that: said high-pressure water shot flow nozzle comprises at least two oblique nozzles; Said oblique nozzle is arranged between the mechanical blade; Have angle between the axis of the axis of said oblique nozzle and jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit, along the water outlet direction, the angular range of this angle is 30 °～75 °.
5. the reaming system is bored in high-pressure water jet according to claim 4 coal seam, it is characterized in that: at the middle part of jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit, on same cross-sectional circumferential, be symmetrically arranged with at least two side direction nozzles with equally spaced mode.
6. the reaming system is bored in high-pressure water jet according to claim 5 coal seam, it is characterized in that: the rear portion of said jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit is provided with dismountable rearmounted blade that increases.
7. the reaming system is bored in high-pressure water jet according to claim 1 and 2 coal seam; It is characterized in that: being connected between said jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit and the high-pressure spray drilling rod; And during extension arm length, built-in crush seal connected mode is all adopted in the connection successively between many high-pressure spray drilling rods head and the tail.
8. the reaming system is bored in high-pressure water jet according to claim 1 coal seam; It is characterized in that: said high pressure rotary sealing device comprises axis of rotation, high-pressure seal ring and the external shell of hollow; The junction of said axis of rotation and external shell seals through high-pressure seal ring, and said axis of rotation is arranged on external shell inside and can realizes axial rotation under external force; One end of said axis of rotation is connected with the shaft of high-pressure spray drilling rod, and the other end is fixedly connected with high-pressure rubber pipe, and the internal cavities of said axis of rotation communicates with high-pressure spray drilling rod and high-pressure water shot flow nozzle.
9. use the high-pressure water jet coal seam brill expanding method that the reaming system is bored in high-pressure water jet as claimed in claim 1 coal seam, it is characterized in that: may further comprise the steps:
1) be fixedly connected an end of high-pressure rubber pipe and high pressure rotary sealing device with snap joint, the other end of high pressure rotary sealing device is connected with the high-pressure spray drilling rod, at the high-pressure spray drill rod end jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit is installed;
2) open rig, drive the rotation of high-pressure spray drilling rod, creep into a segment distance along bore angle grinding in the coal seam of design through the mechanical blade of jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit;
3) open high pressure water jet equipment; The High-Pressure Water that produces sprays from the high-pressure water shot flow nozzle on the jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit through high pressure rotary sealing device and high-pressure spray drilling rod; Drive formation rotating jet under the drill bit turning effort at the high-pressure spray drilling rod; Jet is rotated cutting with the hole wall coal body at the bottom of to the hole, and the high-pressure spray drilling rod drives jet mechanical blade combination tower type drill bit and creeps into also reaming under the rotation cutting of jet and mechanical blade grinding compound action;
4) closed control valve after in coal bed drilling, creeping into predetermined length progressively increases the quantity of high-pressure spray drilling rod, to carry out creeping into of next step, until reaching the design hole depth;
5) close the high-pressure water jet generation systems, drive progressively to rise by rig and lift injection stream drilling rod, accomplish the coal seam and bore the reaming construction.
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| CN 200910104232 CN101586441B (en) | 2009-07-01 | 2009-07-01 | High-pressure water jet system and method for drilling and enlarging holes on coal bed |
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| CN 200910104232 CN101586441B (en) | 2009-07-01 | 2009-07-01 | High-pressure water jet system and method for drilling and enlarging holes on coal bed |
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| CN101586441A CN101586441A (en) | 2009-11-25 |
| CN101586441B true CN101586441B (en) | 2012-09-19 |
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| CN101586441A (en) | 2009-11-25 |
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