CN101975023B - Method and device for drilling deep and long gas drainage hole in soft coal seam along layers - Google Patents

Method and device for drilling deep and long gas drainage hole in soft coal seam along layers Download PDF

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CN101975023B
CN101975023B CN 201010512993 CN201010512993A CN101975023B CN 101975023 B CN101975023 B CN 101975023B CN 201010512993 CN201010512993 CN 201010512993 CN 201010512993 A CN201010512993 A CN 201010512993A CN 101975023 B CN101975023 B CN 101975023B
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coal
pipeline
drilling rod
hole
switch
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CN101975023A (en
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李晓红
卢义玉
刘勇
夏彬伟
康勇
蒋林艳
沈晓莹
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for drilling a deep and long gas drainage hole in a soft coal seam along layers. In the method, the characteristics that holes can be formed in hard coal layers and a roof-to-floor plate and soft coals have layered gas content are used to ensure that gas pre-drainage holes are drilled in the hard coal layers and the roof-to-floor plate, the length of the hole can meet requirements on gas pre-drainage, then high-pressure pulsed water jets are used for cutting through the hard coal layers to soft coal layers, and a deep notch of which the diameter is 1 to 2 meters is formed in the soft coal layers, so the exposed area of the soft coal layers is increased in favor of gas emission from the soft coal layers. The method and the device solve the problems of small gas pre-drainage hole drainage range, poor gas pre-drainage effect and the like caused by drill pipe sticking, hole collapse and hole jetting, and simultaneously fulfill the aims of increasing the length of the pre-drainage hole and improving the coal seam air permeability.

Description

A kind of concordant is crept into method and the device in the profound gas pumping of weak seam hole
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of safety of coal mines control device and method thereof, relate in particular to method and device that a kind of concordant is crept into the profound gas pumping of weak seam hole.
Background technology
Most of colliery, Southwestern China area is coal and gas outburst mine, and along with coal production increase and mine extend to the deep, coal and gas outburst mine increases gradually.Coal and Gas Outburst problem become the principal element of impact safety in production.The at present measure of control gas mainly contains the exploitation topping and takes out in advance coal-bed gas.But southwestern most of colliery has not had the coal seam to can be used as topping, and taking out in advance the coal seam becomes unique measure of administering gas.Pre-gas pumping mode mainly contains wears a layer extraction, this layer extraction, goaf extraction etc., and wherein this layer extraction effect is optimum.The mining area of southwest China coal seam is soft and gas bearing capacity is high, very easily occurs the phenomenons such as bit freezing, the hole of collapsing, spray orifice in the process of creeping into, and causes extraction scope in gas pre-drainage hole less, occurs easily gas drainage under suction " blank tape " in the coal seam.Though can creep into deep and long hole in the hard layering in coal seam, gas bearing capacity is less in the hard layering, does not still reach the requirement that draws out methane on a large scale.
" low premeability high gas soft thick coal layer remote pressure relief gas exhausting put method (application number: 03113094.1) " of Yuan Liang, " goaf gas drainage method of stope working surface of coal mines (application number: 200710054520.0) " of Guo Guozheng is only applicable to soft high seam, and mainly be by changing bore arrangement mode, improve the extraction amount of gas, but it is shallow to exist drilling depth, drill hole density is large, the shortcomings such as the effective range of firedamp drainage is little, and cherry coal and projecting coal bed in drill and often cause the hole of collapsing, stick of tool, crown drill, spray orifice phenomenon and because drill bit, the rubbing action of drilling rod and coal petrography causes drill bit drilling rod excess Temperature and has accelerated the rate of wear of drill bit.Because the gas permeability in coal seam is low, the extraction effect of existing drilling method is undesirable, with the coal mine gas hazard management requirement of gas drainage under suction is compared, and Southwestern China Areas For Coal weak seam extraction effect has much room for improvement.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, and a kind of concordant that provides is crept into method and the device in the profound gas pumping of weak seam hole, avoid the problems such as the gas pre-drainage hole extraction scope that causes because of bit freezing, the hole of collapsing, spray orifice is little, gas pre-drainage weak effect, reach simultaneously the purpose that increase is taken out in advance hole length, improved gas permeability of coal seam.
The technical solution used in the present invention:
A kind of concordant is crept into the device in the profound gas pumping of weak seam hole, it comprises fluid box, be connected with hydraulic pump by pipeline on the fluid box, the first pipeline of hydraulic pump rear end is provided with switch, divide on the pipeline between hydraulic pump and the switch and be connected to second pipe, second pipe is provided with overflow valve, switch punishment is provided with the 3rd pipeline, the 3rd pipeline is provided with globe valve, the first pipeline of switch rear end is provided with the sealing transfusion device, sealing transfusion device rear end is connected with rig, and described rig comprises the drill bit of drilling rod and drilling rod rear end, and the drilling rod front end is connected with the sealing transfusion device, the drilling rod outside is provided with handle, be provided with automatic-switching type joint-cutting device between drilling rod and the drill bit, the drill bit afterbody is provided with axial nozzle, and automatic-switching type joint-cutting device is provided with radial nozzles and pick.
Above-mentioned the first pipeline between switch and sealing transfusion device is provided with pressure meter.
The number of above-mentioned axial nozzle is a plurality of, and one of them is in bit central, and all the other are circle distribution at the drill bit periphery.
Above-mentioned second pipe all is connected with fluid box with the 3rd pipeline.
Utilize above-mentioned arbitrary described device to carry out the method that concordant is crept into the profound gas pumping of weak seam hole, the method is carried out as follows:
1) select bore mode: investigate to analyze to execute and bore the place condition of coal seam occurrence, if soft in the coal seam, hard layering layering is clear, described soft layering mostly is powder coal-full fine coal, its solid coefficient fBetween being between 0.25 ~ 0.2525, hard layering mostly is non-destruction coal-destruction coal, its solid coefficient fGreater than 0.2525, then be chosen in and creep into the concordant hole in the hard layering, if hierarchical fuzzy is chosen in and creeps into the concordant hole in the roof and floor;
The preparation of 2) being correlated with before the boring: check the firm and sealing of each connecting line in the pre-gas pumping device of coal bed drilling, and the distance of reasonable arrangement hydraulic pump and job location, coal seam, the primer fluid press pump, the working flow of regulator solution press pump and pressure are respectively its nominal operation flow and rated operating pressure, close the overflow valve on the second pipe, open the globe valve on the 3rd pipeline, Closing Switch, liquid in the hydraulic fluid tank is after the hydraulic pump pressurization, a part flows back to hydraulic fluid tank through overflow valve, a part flows to drilling rod through the first pipeline and switch, and the liquid that flows to drilling rod flows out by the axial nozzle outflow of drill bit and/or the radial nozzles in the automatic-switching type joint-cutting device;
3) rig advances, holes: start rig, regulation ball valve, control pump are pressed in about 5MPa, close the radial nozzles of automatic-switching type joint-cutting device, open the axial nozzle of drill bit, highly pressurised liquid enters the sealing transfusion device through the first pipeline, pass through again drilling rod, highly pressurised liquid is assisted through axial nozzle formation pulsing jet impact coal-mass and is crept into, when needs are changed drilling rod, and trip switch, stopping rig advancing, rotates, unload the lower seal transfusion device, add a new drilling rod, repeat successively;
4) judge whether rig continues to creep into: if drilling depth does not reach desired depth, then continue repeating step 3); When drilling depth reaches desired depth or boring and passes whole coal seam, stop to creep into;
5) coal body is carried out slot: creep into when finishing, maintained switch is in closure state, regulation ball valve, control pump is pressed in 25 ~ 30MPa, this moment, the radial nozzles of automatic-switching type joint-cutting device was opened, the axial nozzle 14 of drill bit is closed, highly pressurised liquid forms pulsing jet through radial nozzles, rotary drill rod, begin coal body is cut, the pick on the automatic-switching type joint-cutting device will cut to be come to the bulk coal cinder to grind to form diameter is that the fine particle of 0.1 ~ 5mm is discharged smoothly with backwater, after slot is finished, according to coal seam and the different of angle of holing, can form diameter in the coal seam be the deep trouth of 1 ~ 2m;
5) judge whether to need to continue slot: if it is limpid to occur returning water in the boring in the slot process, return out without cinder, can illustrate that then slot finishes, trip switch, unload the lower seal transfusion device, unload many drilling rods, will remain again drilling rod and be connected with the sealing transfusion device, Closing Switch is carried out the cutting of another seam to coal body; Continue to occur if return in the liquid cinder in the slot, but the slot time surpass one hour, can think that slot finishes this moment, and prepare next bar slit is cut that according to this circulation is until stop joint-cutting apart from the terminal 5m of gas pre-drainage pipe place; Otherwise continue coal body is cut;
6) whole hole: regulation ball valve 6, make Pressure Drop to 0MPa, close rig, close the hydraulic pump pump.
The technique effect that the present invention obtains:
Compared with prior art, the present invention utilizes in hard coal layering, the roof and floor characteristics of easy pore-forming and cherry coal layering gas bearing capacity, be chosen in and creep into the gas pre-drainage hole in hard coal layering, the roof and floor, its length can meet the requirement of gas pre-drainage, has avoided holing in the cherry coal layering problems such as hole, bit freezing of collapsing occurring easily.Utilize simultaneously the high-voltage pulse water jet to cut and wear the hard coal layering to the cherry coal layering, forming a diameter in the cherry coal layering is the deep trouth of 1 ~ 2m, increased the exposed area of cherry coal layering, be conducive to cherry coal layering Gas, avoid the problems such as the gas pre-drainage hole extraction scope that causes because of bit freezing, the hole of collapsing, spray orifice is little, gas pre-drainage weak effect, reach simultaneously the purpose that increase is taken out in advance hole length, improved gas permeability of coal seam.And this technology adopts hydraulic pump to drilling rod, automatic-switching type joint-cutting device and drill bit feed flow, highly pressurised liquid forms pulsing jet through nozzle, the impact grinding coal petrography, in hard layering or roof and floor, hole, in the hole, be ground into subsequently tiny coal grain under the effect of liquid and rotary drilling-head by the coal petrography of high-voltage pulse jet crushing and discharge boring with liquid in the hole, after boring is finished, from boring end, by automatic-switching type joint-cutting device jet flow alternation, the high-voltage pulse water jet that is produced by radial nozzles cuts coal body and meets, it has prolonged the cut drill life-span, drilling depth and speed have been improved, avoid bit freezing, collapse hole and prevent drill bit and coal petrography friction produces high temperature or spark and causes the gas combustion accident, it is particularly useful for the soft low air permeability coal seam in colliery and bores the pre-gas pumping of deep and long hole.
Description of drawings
Figure l is the binding schematic diagram of the embodiment of the invention 1 device.
Fig. 2 is the process chart of the embodiment of the invention 2.
Fig. 3 is that the embodiment of the invention 2 coal bed drillings are arranged front view.
Fig. 4 is that the embodiment of the invention 2 coal bed drillings are arranged sectional drawing.
Wherein, 1-fluid box, 2-hydraulic pump, 3-the first pipeline, 4-overflow valve, 5-foot switch, 6-globe valve.The 7-pressure meter, 8-seals transfusion device, 9-rig, the 10-high pressure sealing drilling rod, 11-automatic-switching type joint-cutting device, 12-drill bit, 13-radial nozzles, the axial nozzle of 14-, the 15-pick, 16-second pipe, 17-the 3rd pipeline, 18-handle, 19-roof, 20-seat earth, the 21-coal seam, 22-boring, 23-are the slit.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing embodiments of the present invention are described further.
Embodiment 1
Referring to Fig. 1, a kind of concordant is crept into the device in the profound gas pumping of weak seam hole, it comprises fluid box 1, be connected with hydraulic pump 2 by pipeline on the fluid box, the first pipeline 3 of hydraulic pump rear end is provided with switch 5, divides on the pipeline between hydraulic pump and the switch to be connected to second pipe 16, second pipe is provided with overflow valve 4, switch punishment is provided with the 3rd pipeline 17, the three pipelines and is provided with globe valve 6, and described second pipe all is connected with fluid box with the 3rd pipeline.The first pipeline of switch rear end is provided with sealing transfusion device 8, and the first pipeline between switch and sealing transfusion device is provided with pressure meter 7.Sealing transfusion device rear end is connected with rig 9, described rig comprises the drill bit 12 of drilling rod 10 and drilling rod rear end, the drilling rod front end is connected with the sealing transfusion device, the drilling rod outside is provided with handle 18, be provided with automatic-switching type joint-cutting device 11 between drilling rod and the drill bit, the drill bit afterbody is provided with axial nozzle 14, and the number of described axial nozzle is a plurality of, one of them is in bit central, and all the other are circle distribution at the drill bit periphery.Automatic-switching type joint-cutting device is provided with radial nozzles 13 and pick 15.
Embodiment 2
Referring to Fig. 2-4, utilize concordant to creep into the method in weak seam gas pumping hole, it is in use in K1 coal seam, two lanes, Sichuan plum a strip of land between hills mine south, and the method is carried out as follows:
1) selects bore mode: investigate to analyze to execute and bore the place condition of coal seam occurrence, if soft in the coal seam, hard layering layering is clear, is chosen in and creeps into the concordant hole in the hard layering, if hierarchical fuzzy is chosen in and creeps into the concordant hole in the roof and floor;
The preparation of 2) being correlated with before the boring: check the firm and sealing of each connecting line in the pre-gas pumping device of coal bed drilling, and the distance of reasonable arrangement hydraulic pump and job location, coal seam, primer fluid press pump pump, the working flow of regulator solution press pump 2 and pressure are respectively its nominal operation flow and rated operating pressure, close the overflow valve 4 on the second pipe 16, open the globe valve 6 on the 3rd pipeline 17, Closing Switch 5, liquid in the hydraulic fluid tank 1 is after hydraulic pump 2 pressurizations, a part flows back to hydraulic fluid tank through overflow valve, a part is through the first pipeline 3 and switch 5, flow to drilling rod 10, the liquid that flows to drilling rod 10 flows out by axial nozzle 14 outflows of drill bit 12 and/or the radial nozzles 13 in the automatic-switching type joint-cutting device 11;
3) rig advances, holes: start rig 9, regulation ball valve 6, control pump is pressed in left and right sides 5MPa, close the radial nozzles 13 of automatic-switching type joint-cutting device 11, open the axial nozzle 14 of drill bit 12, highly pressurised liquid enters sealing transfusion device 8 through the first pipeline 3, again by drilling rod 10, highly pressurised liquid is assisted through axial nozzle 14 formation pulsing jet impact coal-mass and is crept into, when needs are changed drilling rod, and trip switch, stopping rig advancing, rotates, unload lower seal transfusion device 8, add a new drilling rod 10, repeat successively;
4) judge whether rig continues to creep into: if drilling depth does not reach desired depth, then continue repeating step 3); When drilling depth reaches desired depth or boring and passes whole coal seam, stop to creep into;
5) coal body is carried out slot: creep into when finishing, maintained switch 5 is in closure state, regulation ball valve 6, control pump is pressed in 25 ~ 30MPa, the radial nozzles 13 of automatic-switching type joint-cutting device 11 is opened at this moment, the axial nozzle 14 of drill bit 12 is closed, highly pressurised liquid forms pulsing jet through radial nozzles, rotary drill rod 10, begin coal body is cut, the pick 15 on the automatic-switching type joint-cutting device 11 will cut to be come to the bulk coal cinder to grind to form diameter is that the fine particle of 0.1 ~ 5mm is discharged smoothly with backwater;
5) judge whether to need to continue slot: if it is limpid to occur returning water in the boring in the slot process, return out without cinder, can illustrate that then slot finishes, trip switch 5, unload lower seal transfusion device 8, unload many drilling rods 10, will remain again drilling rod and be connected with sealing transfusion device (8), Closing Switch 5 is carried out the cutting of another seam to coal body; Continue to occur if return in the liquid cinder in the slot, but the slot time surpass one hour, can think that slot finishes this moment, and prepare next bar slit is cut that circulation is until apart from the terminal 5m of gas pre-drainage pipe place, stop joint-cutting successively; Otherwise continue coal body is cut;
6) whole hole: regulation ball valve 6, make Pressure Drop to 0MPa, close rig, close the hydraulic pump pump.
The present invention utilizes in hard coal layering, the roof and floor characteristics of easy pore-forming and cherry coal layering gas bearing capacity, in hard coal layering, roof and floor, creep into the gas pre-drainage hole, its length can meet the requirement of gas pre-drainage, then utilize the high-voltage pulse liquid jet to cut and wear the hard coal layering to the cherry coal layering, forming a diameter in the cherry coal layering is the deep trouth of 1 ~ 2m, increase the exposed area of cherry coal layering, be conducive to cherry coal layering Gas.Axial nozzle in drilling process on the drill bit can produce the pulsing jet broken coal, creep into pilot hole, cutting tool on the drill bit further grinds cinder and pilot hole is enlarged, more traditional hard coal layering drilling process, improved rate of penetration, reduced the loss of drill bit, greatly improve the application life of cut drill.Begin coal body is carried out slot to prescribed depth when holing, the pulsing jet that highly pressurised liquid produces by the radial nozzles on the automatic-switching type joint-cutting device also acts on coal body, coal body is carried out joint-cutting, cut the bulk coal cinder that falls and ground to form tiny particle by pick, and with outside the liquid tap, this has just improved the smoothness of deslagging, and has played the effect of depositing dust, has improved simultaneously the operating environment of job site.
The present invention shows in the applicable cases in plum a strip of land between hills colliery, Sichuan, and in roof and coal seam layering place boring, it is entirely thick substantially to penetrate the coal seam, and average hole depth is 138.2m, is 2.7 times of former technique; Average hundred meters drill mash gas amounts are 1.872 m/min, are 7.2 times of former technique; Average single hole gas density is 66.8%, is 3.5 times of former technique, and gas permeability of coal seam and gas pumping rate have obtained Effective Raise.
Protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and distortion and do not depart from the scope of the present invention and spirit the present invention.If these changes and distortion belong in the scope of claim of the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, then the intent of the present invention also comprises these changes and is out of shape interior.

Claims (5)

1. a concordant is crept into the method in the profound gas pumping of weak seam hole, and it is characterized in that: the method is carried out as follows:
1) selects bore mode: investigate to analyze to execute and bore the place condition of coal seam occurrence, if soft in the coal seam, hard layering layering is clear, the soft powder coal-full fine coal that is layered as, firmly be layered as non-destruction coal-destruction coal, be chosen in and creep into the concordant hole in the hard layering, if hierarchical fuzzy is chosen in and creeps into the concordant hole in the roof and floor;
The preparation of 2) being correlated with before the boring: the inspection concordant is crept into the firm and sealing of each connecting line in the profound gas pumping aperture apparatus of weak seam, and the distance of reasonable arrangement hydraulic pump and job location, coal seam, the primer fluid press pump, the working flow of regulator solution press pump (2) and pressure are respectively its nominal operation flow and rated operating pressure, close the overflow valve (4) on the second pipe (16), open the globe valve (6) on the 3rd pipeline (17), Closing Switch (5), liquid in the hydraulic fluid tank (1) is after hydraulic pump (2) pressurization, a part flows back to hydraulic fluid tank through overflow valve, a part is through the first pipeline (3) and switch (5), flow to drilling rod (10), the liquid that flows to drilling rod (10) flows out by axial nozzle (14) outflow of drill bit (12) and/or the radial nozzles (13) in the automatic-switching type joint-cutting device (11);
3) rig advances, boring: start rig (9), regulation ball valve (6), control pump is pressed in about 5MPa, close the radial nozzles (13) of automatic-switching type joint-cutting device (11), open the axial nozzle (14) of drill bit (12), highly pressurised liquid enters sealing transfusion device (8) through the first pipeline (3), again by drilling rod (10), highly pressurised liquid is assisted through axial nozzle (14) formation pulsing jet impact coal-mass and is crept into, when needs are changed drilling rod, and trip switch, stopping rig advancing, rotation, unload lower seal transfusion device (8), add a new drilling rod (10), repeat successively;
4) judge whether rig continues to creep into: if drilling depth does not reach desired depth, then continue repeating step 3); When drilling depth reaches desired depth or boring and passes whole coal seam, stop to creep into;
5) coal body is carried out slot: creep into when finishing, maintained switch (5) is in closure state, regulation ball valve (6), control pump is pressed in 25 ~ 30MPa, the radial nozzles (13) of automatic-switching type joint-cutting device this moment (11) is opened, the axial nozzle (14) of drill bit (12) is closed, highly pressurised liquid forms pulsing jet through radial nozzles, rotary drill rod (10), begin coal body is cut, pick (15) on the automatic-switching type joint-cutting device (11) will cut to be come to the bulk coal cinder to grind to form diameter is that the fine particle of 0.1 ~ 5mm is discharged smoothly with backwater, after slot is finished, according to coal seam and the different of angle of holing, can form diameter in the coal seam be the deep trouth of 1 ~ 2m;
6) judge whether to need to continue slot: if it is limpid to occur returning water in the boring in the slot process, return out without cinder, can illustrate that then slot finishes, trip switch (5), unload lower seal transfusion device (8), unload many drilling rods (10), will remain again drilling rod and be connected with sealing transfusion device (8), Closing Switch (5) is carried out the cutting of another seam to coal body; Continue to occur if return in the liquid cinder in the slot, but the slot time surpass one hour, can think that slot finishes this moment, and prepare next bar slit is cut that according to this circulation is until stop joint-cutting apart from the terminal 5m of gas pre-drainage pipe place; Otherwise continue coal body is cut;
7) whole hole: regulation ball valve (6), make Pressure Drop to 0MPa, close rig, close emulsification pump.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the device that described concordant is crept into the profound gas pumping of weak seam hole comprises fluid box (1), be connected with hydraulic pump (2) by pipeline on the fluid box, first pipeline (3) of hydraulic pump rear end is provided with switch (5), divide on the pipeline between hydraulic pump and the switch (5) and be connected to second pipe (16), second pipe (16) is provided with overflow valve (4), switch punishment is provided with the 3rd pipeline (17), the 3rd pipeline (17) is provided with globe valve (6), first pipeline (3) of switch rear end is provided with sealing transfusion device (8), sealing transfusion device (8) rear end is connected with rig (9), described rig comprises the drill bit (12) of drilling rod (10) and drilling rod rear end, the drilling rod front end is connected with sealing transfusion device (8), the drilling rod outside is provided with handle (18), be provided with automatic-switching type joint-cutting device (11) between drilling rod and the drill bit, the drill bit afterbody is provided with axial nozzle (14), and automatic-switching type joint-cutting device (11) is provided with radial nozzles (13) and pick (15).
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the first pipeline (3) between switch (5) and sealing transfusion device (8) is provided with pressure meter (7).
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that: the number of described axial nozzle (14) is a plurality of, and one of them is in bit central, and all the other are circle distribution at the drill bit periphery.
5. according to claim 2 or 3 described methods, it is characterized in that: described second pipe (16) all is connected with fluid box (1) with the 3rd pipeline (17).
CN 201010512993 2010-10-20 2010-10-20 Method and device for drilling deep and long gas drainage hole in soft coal seam along layers Expired - Fee Related CN101975023B (en)

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CN102748065A (en) * 2012-07-30 2012-10-24 武汉大学 Method for extracting gas of blank zone of working face with large mining length
CN104563871B (en) * 2015-01-15 2016-09-21 河南理工大学 A kind of hydraulic flushing in hole, desilting and deslagging integrated apparatus and method
CN108763781B (en) * 2018-05-31 2022-04-05 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 Method for judging blank zone of gas outburst prevention measure of pre-pumping coal seam
CN109707371B (en) * 2018-11-19 2022-08-02 太原理工大学 Device and method for rapidly measuring drilling depth of coal seam
CN113062763B (en) * 2021-05-07 2022-05-20 重庆工程职业技术学院 Gas extraction device and method for preventing coal and gas outburst

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