CN111088992A - Ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device and penetration increasing method - Google Patents
Ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device and penetration increasing method Download PDFInfo
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- CN111088992A CN111088992A CN202010034883.3A CN202010034883A CN111088992A CN 111088992 A CN111088992 A CN 111088992A CN 202010034883 A CN202010034883 A CN 202010034883A CN 111088992 A CN111088992 A CN 111088992A
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- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 136
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 111
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004696 Poly ether ether ketone Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004693 Polybenzimidazole Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002480 polybenzimidazole Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920002530 polyetherether ketone Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003566 sealing material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F7/00—Methods or devices for drawing- off gases with or without subsequent use of the gas for any purpose
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/119—Details, e.g. for locating perforating place or direction
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam pressure relief and permeability increasing equipment, in particular to a ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated permeability increasing device, wherein a drill rod is arranged on a hydraulic drilling machine and is driven by the hydraulic drilling machine to axially rotate, and a drill bit is fixed at the front end of the drill rod; the high-pressure manifold is connected to the rear end of the drill rod through a rotary joint, connected with a high-pressure hydraulic pump station and connected with the tail end of the drill rod through the high-pressure rotary joint and used for conveying high-pressure water to the drill bit through the high-pressure sealing drill rod, the handle part of the drill bit is symmetrically provided with a plurality of water jet nozzles along the radial direction, and the outlet pressure of the water jet nozzles is controlled through whether a sealing ball is thrown or not, so that the functions of low-pressure drilling, medium-pressure reaming and. The device realizes the integrated operation of drilling and water jet slotting, and effectively reduces the operation procedures. In addition, the invention also provides a ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of coal seam pressure relief and permeability increasing equipment, in particular to a high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated technology.
Background
At present, the gas in high gas mines and outburst mines is treated by pre-pumping the gas in coal seams through construction drilling, so that the gas content and the gas pressure in the coal seams are reduced, and the gas emission amount of a working face is reduced to avoid gas accidents in the coal mining process. On the premise of not taking a reinforced extraction measure, the diameter of a drill hole is a key factor influencing the pre-extraction effect of the gas in a single drill hole: the aperture is small, the diameter of the formed plastic ring is small, the surface area of a drilled hole is small, the gas discharge speed is influenced, the extraction time is prolonged, and the efficient mining of a mine is influenced; the hole diameter of the drill hole is too large, the time cost and the property cost of drilling construction and hole sealing are increased, the drill hole is poor in hole forming and stability under the comprehensive action of ground stress and the like, hole collapse is easy to occur, and normal extraction of the drill hole is influenced.
In view of the above, there is a need for a technique and apparatus that can achieve local diameter enlargement of coal seam boreholes, increase plastic zones, improve gas extraction results, and do not affect borehole formation. The conventional method adopted at present is measures such as high-pressure hydraulic slotting, hydraulic reaming, hydraulic punching and the like. The main flow is that after the drilling construction is finished, the drilling tool is withdrawn, the drilling tool is used for conveying the spray head, the nozzle and the like of the high-pressure hydraulic operation system to a preset position in the drilling hole, and high-pressure water is used for carrying out measures such as cutting or reaming and the like on the coal body. At present, high-pressure drilling and cutting integrated drill bits based on the high-pressure water throttling closed pressurization principle are also developed by related scientific research institutions, the opening and closing of each nozzle are realized by arranging a switching structure consisting of a piston, a spring and a sliding sleeve in a drill bit with the diameter of 94mm and adjusting the pressure of a water pump, a large number of mechanical devices are arranged in a limited space, the applicability and the stability of the equipment are influenced, and the development of the technology is limited.
Therefore, an improved ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated permeability increasing device is needed, after drilling construction is completed, a pressure-building sealing ball is thrown into the drill rod through the inner diameter of the drill rod without withdrawing the drill rod, the pressure-building sealing ball is cooperated with a sealing ball seat, the low-pressure drilling water outlet of a closed drill bit is used for realizing pressure building to generate ultrahigh-pressure water jet to perform hole expanding and slotting on a coal body, and the purpose of quickly releasing pressure and increasing permeability of a coal bed is realized.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides the ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated permeability increasing device which not only can normally drill and construct, but also can utilize ultrahigh-pressure water jet to ream and cut a hole in a coal seam in the drill withdrawal process, thereby realizing the integrated operation of drilling and water jet cutting, and effectively reducing the operation procedures. In addition, the invention also provides a ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing method.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
in the first technical scheme, the ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated infiltration increasing device comprises a drill bit, a high-pressure sealing drill rod, a hydraulic drilling machine, a high-pressure rotary joint, an ultrahigh pressure manifold and a high-pressure hydraulic pump station, wherein the drill rod is arranged on the hydraulic drilling machine and driven by the hydraulic drilling machine to axially rotate, and the drill bit is fixed at the front end of the drill rod; the high-pressure manifold is connected to the rear end of the drill rod through a rotary joint, connected with a high-pressure hydraulic pump station and connected with the tail end of the drill rod through the high-pressure rotary joint and used for conveying high-pressure water to the drill bit through a high-pressure sealing drill rod, the shank of the drill bit is symmetrically provided with a plurality of water jet nozzles along the radial direction, and the outlet pressure of the water jet nozzles is controlled through whether a sealing ball is thrown or not, so that the functions of low-pressure drilling, medium-pressure reaming and high-pressure slotting.
In the first technical scheme, the drill bit preferably comprises a sealing ball, a bit crown and a bit shank, wherein the bit crown is connected to the front end of the bit shank, the bit crown and the bit shank are provided with a channel which continuously penetrates from the inside of the bit crown to the inside of the bit shank, the front end opening position of the channel is positioned in the bit crown and forms a water outlet, a sealing seat is arranged inside the channel, and a plurality of water jet nozzles are arranged between the sealing seat and the rear end of the bit shank; in a first state, the water outlet and the water jet nozzle are both communicated with the rear end of the channel; and the sealing ball is put into the channel and then abuts against the sealing seat and seals the middle part of the channel to form a second state, and in the second state, the water outlet is relatively sealed with the rear end of the channel, so that only the water jet nozzle is communicated with the rear end of the channel, and the water jet nozzle is pressurized.
In the first technical solution, preferably, the end surface of the sealing seat facing the tail end of the passage is a spherical groove, and the spherical groove is matched with the curvature of the surface of the sealing ball.
In the first aspect, the seal holder is preferably made of a soft sealing material.
In the first technical scheme, preferably, the sealing ball is a sphere made of polybenzimidazole and polyether ether ketone as main materials, and the density of the sealing ball is 1.5-2.0 g/cm3And the withstand voltage is 70 MPa.
In the first technical scheme, the water jet nozzle is preferably embedded in the drill bit shank in a threaded mode.
In the first technical scheme, preferably, the water jet nozzles are one or a combination of a plurality of rotary jet nozzles, circular jet nozzles and straight-rotary mixed jet nozzles, and the number of the water jet nozzles is not less than 2; the radial symmetrical installation of the water jet nozzle is staggered symmetrical or in-situ symmetrical.
In the first technical solution, preferably, the drill bit crown is provided with a plurality of cutting heads arranged along the main shaft direction, the plurality of cutting heads form a claw-shaped structure, and the water outlet is arranged at the center of the claw-shaped structure.
In the first technical scheme, preferably, the tail part of the drill bit is connected with the high-pressure sealing drill rod in a double-sealing mode, and the pressure resistance is 70 MPa; the water outlet can extend into a special tool to separate the sealing ball from the sealing ball seat; the inner drift diameter of the high-pressure sealing drill rod is fixed and is 2-10mm larger than the diameter of the sealing ball; the water outlet of the high-pressure rotary joint is in double-seal connection with the female joint of the high-pressure seal drill rod, and the water inlet of the high-pressure rotary joint is connected with the ultrahigh-pressure manifold and is resistant to pressure of 70 MPa; a protective device is arranged at the joint of the ultrahigh pressure manifold; the rated flow of the high-pressure hydraulic power pumping station is 125L/min, and the rated pressure is 70 MPa.
In a second technical scheme, the ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated permeability increasing method uses the ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated permeability increasing device in the first technical scheme, and comprises the following steps:
step 1, low-pressure water is connected, after a layer-crossing drill hole or a bedding drill hole is constructed to reach a designed position, a high-pressure rotary joint is detached from a high-pressure sealing drill rod, a sealing ball is put into the high-pressure sealing drill rod, and then the high-pressure rotary joint is assembled;
step 3, after the slotting and the chambering are finished for a certain length, the slotting or the chambering operation of the whole drilling hole is finished in a retreating mode by reducing the high-pressure sealing drill rod;
and 4, detaching the drill bit, separating the sealing ball from the sealing ball seat through the water outlet by using a special tool, and then carrying out drilling and cutting integrated operation of the next drill hole.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
the ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated seepage increasing device provided by the invention combines the functions of low-pressure water drilling, high-pressure water reaming and slotting together, and realizes the integrated functions of drilling, reaming and slotting. The sealing ball seat is installed at the hollow position in the drill bit, the water jet nozzles are symmetrically installed on the handle portion of the drill bit, one end of the drill bit is dual-purpose by combining the sealing ball, the drilling and cutting integrated operation with adjustable pressure (the pressure is 70MPa at most) can be realized by combining the compressive strength of the sealing ball and the compressive strength of a high-pressure water jet drill rod, the formed high-pressure water jet carries out reaming, cutting and scouring on a coal body, radial flat seam grooves are formed in the coal body, the exposed volume of the coal body is increased, cracks in the coal body are increased, pressure relief and permeability increase of the coal body are fully increased, the coal bed gas extraction difficulty degree is lifted from difficult extraction to easy extraction, the limited influence radius of a drill hole is enlarged, the drill hole interval. Meanwhile, the sealing ball is made of polybenzimidazole and polyether-ether-ketone as main materials, so that the sealing ball is good in wear resistance and can be repeatedly used for many times. The invention has the advantages of strong adaptability, simple structure, integrated drilling and cutting, easy processing, simple and convenient operation and the like, and has wide application value.
According to the penetration increasing method of the ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device, the sealing ball seats are arranged at the hollow positions in the drill bits, the water jet nozzles are symmetrically arranged on the handle parts of the drill bits, the dual purposes of one end of the drill bits are realized by combining the sealing balls, the functions of drilling with low pressure water, reaming with high pressure water and slotting are combined together, and the functions of drilling, reaming and slotting are integrated.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device during drilling.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the present invention when the ball throwing type high pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device is used for cutting a slot.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of the drill bit in the ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated infiltration increasing device.
FIG. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device during the slotting of the drill bit.
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a nozzle installed in a staggered manner on a drill bit in the ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated infiltration increasing device.
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of different types of nozzles installed on a drill bit in the ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated infiltration-increasing device.
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a high-pressure sealing drill rod in the ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated infiltration increasing device.
The reference numerals include:
in the figure, 1-drill bit, 11-drill bit handle, 12-drill bit crown, 13-water jet nozzle, 14-sealing ball, 15-sealing ball seat, 16-water outlet, 17-drill bit tail, 18-rotary jet nozzle, 19-direct flow nozzle, 2-high pressure sealing drill rod, 3-hydraulic drilling machine, 4-high pressure rotary joint, 5-ultrahigh pressure manifold and 6-high pressure hydraulic pumping station.
Detailed Description
In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the present technical solution more clear, the present technical solution is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. It should be understood that the description is intended to be exemplary only, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present teachings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1-7, the ball-throwing high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated infiltration increasing device provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises a drill bit 1, a high-pressure sealing drill rod 2, a rotary joint 3, a hydraulic drilling machine 4, an ultrahigh pressure manifold 5 and a high-pressure hydraulic pump station 6 which are connected in sequence. The high-pressure sealing drill rod 2 is arranged on a hydraulic drilling machine 3 and is driven by the hydraulic drilling machine 3 to axially rotate, and the drill bit 1 is fixed at the front end of the high-pressure sealing drill rod 2; the high-pressure manifold 5 is connected to the rear end of the high-pressure sealing drill rod 2 through a high-pressure rotary joint 4; the high-pressure manifold 5 is connected with a high-pressure hydraulic pump station 6 and the tail end of the drill rod 2 through a high-pressure rotary joint 4, and is used for conveying high-pressure water to the drill bit 1 through the high-pressure sealing drill rod 2, controlling the outlet pressure of the water jet nozzle 13 through whether the sealing ball 14 is thrown or not, further having the functions of low-pressure drilling (0-10MPa), medium-pressure (10-35MPa) reaming and high-pressure (35-70MPa) cutting, the high-pressure water is sprayed out through the water jet nozzle 13 to ream, punch and peel the coal body, the high-pressure sealing drill rod 2 rotates under the driving of the hydraulic drilling machine 3, and the aims of reaming, cutting, pressure relief and permeability improvement of the drill rod 2 on a drill coal seam section are.
In the embodiment, the ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated drill bit comprises a drill bit crown part 12, a drill bit shank part 11, a water jet nozzle 13, a sealing ball 14, a sealing ball seat 15, a drill bit water outlet 16 and a drill bit tail part 17; the drill bit crown part 12 is provided with a plurality of alloy cutter heads which are arranged along the main shaft direction, and the drill bit crown part is provided with a drill bit water outlet 16; the drill bit water outlet 16 can extend into a special tool to separate the sealing ball 14 from the sealing ball seat 15; a cavity capable of mounting a sealing ball 14 and a sealing ball seat 15 is arranged in the drill bit handle 11, and the cavity is cylindrical and has a diameter slightly larger than that of the sealing ball 14; a plurality of water jet nozzles 13 are symmetrically arranged on the drill bit shank 11 along the radial direction, and the outlet pressure of the water jet nozzles 13 is controlled by a sealing ball 14; the minimum drift diameter of the drill bit tail part 17 is larger than the diameter of the sealing ball 14, and the drill bit tail part is connected with the high-pressure sealing drill rod 2 in a high-pressure sealing mode. The sealing ball seat 15 is made of soft sealing material, the inner diameter of the sealing ball seat is the same as the diameter of the sealing ball 14, and high-pressure water flow can pass through the sealing ball seat; the density of the sealing ball 14 is 1.5-2.0 g/cm3, the pressure resistance is 70MPa, and the wear resistance is good.
The diameter of the passage is slightly larger than the diameter of the sealing ball 14 so that the sealing ball 14 can enter the passage. The end face of the sealing seat facing the tail end of the channel is a spherical groove, the spherical groove is matched with the surface curvature of the sealing ball 14, the surface of the spherical groove is in contact with the sealing ball 14 to form sealing fit with the sealing ball 14, and the sealing seat is a sealing ball seat 15 in the state. The sealing ball seat 15 is made of soft sealing material, so that the sealing effect is better. The sealing ball 14 is a sphere made of polybenzimidazole and polyetheretherketone as main materials.
The bit crown 12 is provided with a plurality of bits arranged along the main axis direction, and the bits are in a claw-shaped structure, and the water outlet 16 is arranged at the center of the claw-shaped structure.
Specifically, the bit crown 12 is connected to the front end of the bit shank 11, the bit crown 12 and the bit shank 11 are provided with a channel which is continuously communicated from the inside of the bit crown 12 to the inside of the bit shank 11, the front end opening position of the channel is positioned in the bit crown 12 and forms a water outlet 16, a sealing seat is arranged inside the channel, and a plurality of water jet nozzles 13 are arranged between the sealing seat and the rear end of the bit shank 11; in the first state, the water outlet 16 and the water jet nozzle 13 are both communicated with the rear end of the channel; the sealing ball 14 is put into the channel and then abuts against the sealing seat and closes the middle part of the channel to form a second state, and in the second state, the water outlet 16 is relatively closed with the rear end of the channel, so that only the water jet nozzle 13 is communicated with the rear end of the channel.
In the embodiment, the water jet nozzles 14 are made of hard alloy materials, are embedded in the drill handle 11 in a screw thread mode and are one or a combination of a plurality of rotary jet nozzles 18, round jet nozzles 19, straight rotary mixed jet nozzles and the like, and the number of the water jet nozzles is not less than 2; the radial symmetry of the water jet nozzles 14 is arranged on the drill bit shank 11, and the water jet nozzles can be staggered and symmetrical or homothetic and symmetrical; the aperture of the water jet nozzle 14 is 1.5mm, 2.0mm, 2.5mm, 3.0mm, four different specifications, can select the nozzle of corresponding specification according to the firmness coefficient and the drilling depth of the coal, reach the optimal reaming or slotting effect.
In the embodiment, the high-pressure sealing drill rod 2 is a spiral high-pressure sealing drill rod with the same drift diameter, the internal drift diameter of the high-pressure sealing drill rod is fixed, and the drift diameter is 2-10mm larger than the diameter of the sealing ball 14;
in the embodiment, the water outlet of the high-pressure rotary joint 4 is in double-sealing connection with the female joint of the high-pressure sealing drill rod 2, and the water inlet of the high-pressure rotary joint is connected with the ultrahigh-pressure manifold 5 and is resistant to pressure of 70 MPa.
In this embodiment, a protection device is installed at the connection of the ultrahigh pressure manifold 5.
In the embodiment, the rated flow of the high-pressure hydraulic power pumping station 6 is 125L/min, and the rated pressure is 70 MPa.
In this embodiment, the drill bit 1 adjusts the outlet pressure and the flow rate of the water jet nozzle 13 by whether to put the sealing ball 14 or not, so as to realize the functions of low-pressure drilling, medium-pressure reaming and high-pressure slotting. In the low-pressure drilling process, the drill bit 1 is in a state shown in figure 1, water flows to an alloy cutter head of a drill bit crown 12 through a drill bit water outlet 16 and a water jet nozzle 13, and the normal drilling function of drilling is realized; stopping drilling after a drilled hole is drilled to a designed position, opening a high-pressure rotary joint 4, putting a sealing ball 14 through the tail part of a high-pressure sealing drill rod 3, then installing the high-pressure rotary joint 4, then starting a high-pressure hydraulic pump station 6, enabling the sealing ball 14 to enter a drill bit 1 through the drift diameter of the high-pressure sealing drill rod 3 under the action of water pressure, acting on a sealing ball seat 15 to seal a passage flowing to a drill bit water outlet 16, and radially spraying high-pressure water (10-35MPa) through a water jet nozzle 13 to start reaming; when the water pressure is further increased to (35-70MPa), high-pressure water is still radially sprayed out through the water jet nozzle 13 to start slotting work; after the operation of removing the drill and cutting the seam is finished, a special tool can be extended into the water outlet 16 to separate the sealing ball 14 from the sealing ball seat 15, so as to perform the operation of drilling and cutting the seam of the next drill hole.
Example 2
In this embodiment, a method for increasing the permeability of a ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated permeability increasing device includes: 1) the ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated infiltration increasing device is formed by sequentially connecting a drill bit 1, a high-pressure sealing drill rod 2, a hydraulic drilling machine 3, a high-pressure rotary joint 4, an ultrahigh pressure manifold 5 and a high-pressure hydraulic pump station 6; 2) low-pressure water is connected, after a cross-layer drilling hole or a bedding drilling hole is constructed to a designed position, the high-pressure rotary joint 4 is detached from the high-pressure sealing drill rod 2, and the sealing ball 14 is put into the high-pressure sealing drill rod 2 and then the high-pressure rotary joint 4 is installed; 3) the high-pressure hydraulic pump station 6 is started, the sealing ball 14 enters the drill bit 1 through the high-pressure sealing drill rod 2 under the driving of high-pressure water and then is in close contact with the sealing ball seat 15 to block the water outlet 16 of the drill bit, and at the moment, high-pressure water jet is directly sprayed out from the water jet nozzle 13 in the radial direction to start slotting or reaming; 4) after the slotting and the chambering are finished for a certain length, the slotting or the chambering operation of the whole drilling hole is finished in a backward mode by reducing the high-pressure sealing drill rod 2; 5) the drill bit 1 is detached, the sealing ball 14 is separated from the sealing ball seat 15 through the water outlet 16 by using a special tool, and then the drilling and cutting integrated operation of the next drilling is carried out.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and many variations in the specific embodiments and applications of the invention may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention, which falls within the scope of the claims of this patent.
Claims (10)
1. Ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated infiltration increasing device is characterized in that: the high-pressure sealing drill rod comprises a drill bit, a high-pressure sealing drill rod, a hydraulic drilling machine, a high-pressure rotary joint, an ultrahigh-pressure manifold and a high-pressure hydraulic pump station, wherein the drill rod is arranged on the hydraulic drilling machine and is driven by the hydraulic drilling machine to axially rotate, and the drill bit is fixed at the front end of the drill rod; the high-pressure manifold is connected to the rear end of the drill rod through a rotary joint, connected with a high-pressure hydraulic pump station and connected with the tail end of the drill rod through the high-pressure rotary joint and used for conveying high-pressure water to the drill bit through a high-pressure sealing drill rod, the shank of the drill bit is symmetrically provided with a plurality of water jet nozzles along the radial direction, and the outlet pressure of the water jet nozzles is controlled through whether a sealing ball is thrown or not, so that the functions of low-pressure drilling, medium-pressure reaming and high-pressure slotting.
2. The ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the drill bit comprises a sealing ball, a drill bit crown and a drill bit shank, wherein the drill bit crown is connected to the front end of the drill bit shank, the drill bit crown and the drill bit shank are provided with a channel which is continuously communicated from the inside of the drill bit crown to the inside of the drill bit shank, the front end opening position of the channel is positioned in the drill bit crown and forms a water outlet, a sealing seat is arranged inside the channel, and a plurality of water jet nozzles are arranged between the sealing seat and the rear end of the drill bit shank; in a first state, the water outlet and the water jet nozzle are both communicated with the rear end of the channel; and the sealing ball is put into the channel and then abuts against the sealing seat and seals the middle part of the channel to form a second state, and in the second state, the water outlet is relatively sealed with the rear end of the channel, so that only the water jet nozzle is communicated with the rear end of the channel, and the water jet nozzle is pressurized.
3. The ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the end face of the sealing seat facing the tail end of the channel is a spherical groove, and the spherical groove is matched with the surface curvature of the sealing ball.
4. The ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the sealing seat is made of soft sealing material.
5. The ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the sealing ball is a ball body made of polybenzimidazole and polyether-ether-ketone as main materials, and the density of the sealing ball is 1.5-2.0 g/cm3And the withstand voltage is 70 MPa.
6. The ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the water jet nozzle is embedded in the handle of the drill bit in a screw thread mode.
7. The ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device according to claim 6 is characterized in that: the number of the water jet nozzles is not less than 2; the radial symmetrical installation of the water jet nozzle is staggered symmetrical or in-situ symmetrical.
8. The ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: the drill bit crown is provided with a plurality of cutter heads arranged along the main shaft direction, the cutter heads form a claw-shaped structure, and the water outlet is arranged at the center of the claw-shaped structure.
9. The ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated penetration increasing device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the tail part of the drill bit is connected with the high-pressure sealing drill rod in a double-sealing mode, and the pressure resistance is 70 MPa; the water outlet can extend into a special tool to separate the sealing ball from the sealing ball seat; the inner drift diameter of the high-pressure sealing drill rod is fixed and is 2-10mm larger than the diameter of the sealing ball; the water outlet of the high-pressure rotary joint is in double-seal connection with the female joint of the high-pressure seal drill rod, and the water inlet of the high-pressure rotary joint is connected with the ultrahigh-pressure manifold and is resistant to pressure of 70 MPa; a protective device is arranged at the joint of the ultrahigh pressure manifold; the rated flow of the high-pressure hydraulic power pumping station is 125L/min, and the rated pressure is 70 MPa.
10. A ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated infiltration increasing method uses a ball-throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated infiltration increasing device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, low-pressure water is connected, after a layer-crossing drill hole or a bedding drill hole is constructed to reach a designed position, a high-pressure rotary joint is detached from a high-pressure sealing drill rod, a sealing ball is put into the high-pressure sealing drill rod, and then the high-pressure rotary joint is assembled;
step 2, opening the high-pressure hydraulic power pump station, enabling a sealing ball to enter a drill bit through a high-pressure sealing drill rod under the driving of high-pressure water and then to be in close contact with a sealing ball seat to plug a water outlet of the drill bit, and enabling high-pressure water jet to be directly sprayed out from a water jet nozzle in a radial direction to start slotting or reaming;
step 3, after the slotting and the chambering are finished for a certain length, the slotting or the chambering operation of the whole drilling hole is finished in a retreating mode by reducing the high-pressure sealing drill rod;
and 4, detaching the drill bit, separating the sealing ball from the sealing ball seat through the water outlet by using a special tool, and then carrying out drilling and cutting integrated operation of the next drill hole.
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| CN202010034883.3A CN111088992B (en) | 2020-01-13 | Ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated permeability increasing device and permeability increasing method |
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| CN202010034883.3A CN111088992B (en) | 2020-01-13 | Ball throwing type high-pressure hydraulic drilling and cutting integrated permeability increasing device and permeability increasing method |
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| CN111088992B CN111088992B (en) | 2024-04-30 |
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| CN111810086A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-10-23 | 煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Front-end power type hydraulic large-diameter grading cave-making pressure-relief permeability-increasing device and method |
| CN111810087A (en) * | 2020-06-12 | 2020-10-23 | 煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Hydraulic large-diameter grading cave-making pressure-relief permeability-increasing device and method |
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| CN112832729A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-05-25 | 煤科集团沈阳研究院有限公司 | Hydraulic mechanical hole making device, using method and hole making process |
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