CN114000826B - Coal breaking and permeability increasing device and method by utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet - Google Patents
Coal breaking and permeability increasing device and method by utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet Download PDFInfo
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- CN114000826B CN114000826B CN202111215311.6A CN202111215311A CN114000826B CN 114000826 B CN114000826 B CN 114000826B CN 202111215311 A CN202111215311 A CN 202111215311A CN 114000826 B CN114000826 B CN 114000826B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 86
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 83
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims description 56
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 39
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003082 abrasive agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000006978 adaptation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003491 array Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/04—Directional drilling
- E21B7/046—Directional drilling horizontal drilling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/61—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids characterised by the nozzle structure
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/006—Production of coal-bed methane
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/11—Perforators; Permeators
- E21B43/114—Perforators using direct fluid action on the wall to be perforated, e.g. abrasive jets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
- E21B43/2607—Surface equipment specially adapted for fracturing operations
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/28—Enlarging drilled holes, e.g. by counterboring
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal breaking and permeability increasing device and method by utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet; the device comprises a premixing stirring tank, a sand mixing motor, a grouting pump, a pressure gauge, a high-pressure rotary water tail, a drill rod and an integrated drill bit. The integrated drill bit comprises a jet nozzle and a conversion valve core, and the switch of the jet nozzle is regulated through the conversion valve core; the invention fully mixes the abrasive and water in the premixing stirring tank, pressurizes the mixture by using the grouting pump to form the pulse abrasive water jet, and then erodes the coal body for anti-reflection after the acceleration by the radial nozzle on the integrated drill bit. The advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet is adopted to perform pressure relief and permeability increase on the coal bed, so that on one hand, equipment is simple, the problem of continuous abrasive supply is solved, and engineering applicability is improved; on the other hand, the low-pressure abrasive water jet can generate the anti-reflection effect of the ultrahigh-pressure water jet, and the energy consumption is low. In addition, the frequency-adjustable pulse abrasive water jet generated by the grouting pump can effectively avoid the water cushion effect and improve the coal breaking efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of coal seam pressure relief and permeability improvement and gas extraction, and particularly relates to a coal breaking and permeability improvement device and method by utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet.
Background
Coal is the dominant energy source in China, and the consumption proportion of the energy source in China in 2019 is about 57.7%. Coal seam gas is taken as a coal associated product, is a high-quality clean energy source with abundant reserves, and is one of main disasters threatening the safe production of coal mines. The coal and gas outburst and the gas explosion accident often cause serious casualties and economic losses, while the gas extraction is a main method for eliminating the gas accident and guaranteeing the safe extraction, and simultaneously, the gas can be fully utilized. The permeability of the coal seam is a key factor for determining the gas extraction quality and yield, however, due to complex geological conditions of the coal seam in China, the permeability of the coal body is generally low and is generally below 1X 10 < -6 > mu m < 2 >, so that the gas extraction difficulty is high and the gas extraction efficiency is low.
In order to improve the permeability of the coal bed and promote the efficient extraction of gas, the patent No. CN201310284932.9 discloses a deep hole directional presplitting blasting low-permeability coal bed permeability increasing method, which comprises the steps of forming a mutually communicated fracture network after the coal bed is blasted by an explosive, so that the gas permeability of the coal bed is improved, but the explosive has a great danger in underground transportation and use. Patent number CN201710618951.9 discloses a 'through-layer drilling hydraulic slotting device and a hydraulic slotting method', wherein the method utilizes the cutting action of high-pressure water jet to manufacture cracks, so that the air permeability of a coal bed is improved, but pure water jet cannot effectively cut when encountering a hard coal bed. The abrasive water jet can improve the cutting capability of coal bodies and has obvious anti-reflection effect. At present, the pre-mixed abrasive water jet technology adopted in underground coal mines has the advantages that the abrasive is more fully mixed with water, the acceleration time of the abrasive is longer, and the obtained energy is higher, so that the erosion effect of the pre-mixed abrasive water jet on a coal body is better under the same conditions. However, the existing pre-mixed abrasive water jet equipment is complex, and continuous abrasive supply is difficult, so that the existing pre-mixed abrasive water jet equipment is difficult to apply in a large scale underground. The high-pressure pulse water jet can effectively avoid the water cushion effect and improve the coal breaking efficiency. The current pulse jet forming device is complex and is difficult to be practically applied on site.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a coal breaking and permeability increasing device utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet, comprising:
a premixing assembly;
the slurry conveying pipe II is transversely communicated with one side of the premixing component, and the slurry conveying pipe II conveys the abrasive and water outwards after the premixing component is fully mixed with the abrasive and water;
one end of the grouting pump is communicated with the slurry conveying pipe, and the discharge end of the grouting pump is communicated with a high-pressure hose;
the drilling machine device is transversely erected in the underground coal mine roadway, and the output end of the drilling machine device penetrates into underground coal mine drilling holes through rotation of a drill rod; and
the integrated drill bit is arranged at one end of a drill rod on the drilling machine device, and is used for rotary drilling of a drill hole and jet coal breaking and permeability improvement of the inner wall of the drill hole.
Further, preferably, the premixing assembly includes:
a premixing stirring tank;
the stirring motor is arranged above the premixing stirring tank;
the stirrer can be arranged in the premixing stirring tank in a relatively rotating way, and the upper end of the stirrer is fixedly connected with the output end of the stirring motor;
the sand mixing motor is arranged on a slurry outlet pipe below the premixing stirring tank and is used for circularly mixing abrasive materials and water;
the slurry conveying pipe I is transversely connected to the premixing stirring tank; and
the three-way valve is arranged at one end of the slurry conveying pipe I, one end of the three-way valve is communicated with the slurry conveying pipe II, the three-way valve is also communicated with the slurry returning pipe II, the three-way valve is used for controlling the flowing direction of the mixed abrasive and water, and one end of the slurry returning pipe II is communicated with the sand mixing motor.
Further, preferably, the method further comprises:
the first slurry returning pipe is communicated with the outlet of the grouting pump, one end of the first slurry returning pipe is communicated with the first slurry conveying pipe, and a pressure gauge is further arranged on the grouting pump close to the outlet; and
and the high-pressure rotary water tail is arranged on the high-pressure hose.
Further, preferably, the integrated drill bit includes:
a bit housing;
the pressure conversion valve core is coaxially and relatively slidably arranged in the drill bit shell;
the cutting teeth are circumferentially arranged, and the cutting teeth are uniformly distributed at the front end of the drill bit shell;
the front end nozzle is arranged on one side, close to the cutting pick, of the drill bit shell;
the outer connecting nozzles are arranged in a plurality of circumferential arrays, a plurality of straight-mouth slots are radially arranged on the circumferential side wall of the drill bit shell, the middle part of each straight-mouth slot is provided with an internal threaded hole, and the outer connecting nozzles are installed in the internal threaded holes through threaded engagement;
the connecting spring is transversely and symmetrically connected between the drill bit shell and the pressure conversion valve core; and
the aluminum ball, both sides all are connected with supporting spring about it, supporting spring's one end slope is connected on the inner wall of pressure conversion case, just the bell mouth has been seted up to the port department of pressure conversion case, still the embedding is provided with the regulation shutoff piece in the bell mouth, the regulation shutoff piece with the sealed adaptation of linking mutually of aluminum ball.
Further, preferably, the adjusting blocking member includes:
the outer clamping seats are circumferentially arranged, and each outer clamping seat is embedded and fixed on the inner wall of the conical hole of the pressure conversion valve core;
the sealing gasket is in an arc structure, is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the outer clamping seat, is provided with a plurality of rotors in a row between the sealing gasket and the outer clamping seat, is in limit sliding connection with the outer clamping seat through the rotors, and is also connected with an inner spring between the sealing gasket and the outer clamping seat; and
and the inner curved teeth are obliquely fixed on the sealing gasket.
Further, preferably, the pressure conversion valve core is provided with a plurality of discharge holes on the circumference, and each discharge hole is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the straight slot.
Further preferably, the discharge holes are arranged in a stepwise inclined manner, and the maximum distance between the discharge holes is smaller than the whole length of the straight slot.
The application method of the coal breaking and permeability increasing device by utilizing the advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet comprises the following steps:
s1, premixing slurry; opening a right passage of the three-way valve, opening a stirring motor and a sand mixing motor, and controlling the mass ratio of the grinding material to water to be 13%; the grinding material and the water are primarily mixed by a stirrer, the grinding material and the water are fully and uniformly mixed in a premixing stirring tank, a slurry conveying pipe I and a slurry returning pipe II in a circulating flow way under the action of a sand mixing motor, and then a left passage of a three-way valve is opened;
s2, drilling and slurry conveying; when a drilling machine is used for drilling, a grouting pump is turned on, the pressure is regulated to 10MPa, and at the moment, a pulse abrasive water jet is sprayed out through a nozzle at the front end of the integrated drill bit to assist the drilling machine to drill;
s3, drill withdrawal positioning, drilling to the depth of the designed hole, stopping drilling, and placing the integrated drill bit at the position needing erosion by drill withdrawal;
s4, coal breaking and permeability increasing; when the pressure is higher than 25MPa, the aluminum ball enters the conical hole, the pressure conversion valve core compresses the connecting spring to move to the right side, at the moment, the front end nozzle channel is closed, and the radially arranged external nozzle channel is opened. The frequency of the grouting pump is regulated to be 60-100Hz, the water supply flow is 40L/min, and the high-pressure pulse abrasive water jet is accelerated by the nozzle to erode the coal body. The high-pressure pulse abrasive water jet cuts the coal body along with the rotation of the drill bit, and the anti-reflection measures such as slotting, reaming, hole making and the like are carried out on the coal body according to the requirements. For a hard coal seam, the erosion depth is 1m; for a soft coal bed, the traditional cylindrical hole making is changed, and a slender seam with the length of 2.5m is formed in the coal body by erosion, so that the air permeability is improved;
s5, stopping the grouting pump after no coal is flushed from the orifice, and repeating the operation of the step S4 from 10m of drill withdrawal to the next position;
s6, connecting the drill holes with a gas extraction system to carry out extraction operation after the coal seam anti-reflection work is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet is adopted, so that the water and the abrasive are mixed more fully, the energy obtained by the abrasive is higher, the coal breaking effect of the abrasive water jet is improved, and the difficult problem of hard coal breaking is solved;
in the cave-making and permeability-increasing process of the soft coal seam, the traditional cylindrical cave-making form is changed into an elongated seam, so that the problem of hole collapse can be effectively avoided, and the permeability-increasing effect is improved;
the abrasive and the water are mixed in the premixing stirring tank, so that the abrasive can be continuously supplied, the equipment is simple, and the engineering applicability of abrasive water jet in coal mines is improved;
the coal breaking and permeability increasing effects of the ultrahigh-pressure water jet can be realized under the low pressure condition by adopting the abrasive water jet, so that the energy consumption is lower and the coal breaking effect is better;
the pulse abrasive water jet is realized by adjusting the plunger frequency of the grouting pump, so that the water cushion effect of continuous jet can be effectively avoided, and the coal breaking efficiency is improved by utilizing the water hammer pressure effect; the pulse jet is realized without other pulse forming devices, the structure is simple, and the engineering applicability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic illustration of the structure of the premixing assembly according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a first slurry return pipe according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated drill bit of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of the structure of an adjustable closure member according to the present invention;
in the figure: the device comprises a premixing component 1, a premixing stirring tank 11, a stirring motor 12, a stirrer 13, a sand mixing motor 14, a slurry conveying pipe I, a three-way valve 16, a slurry returning pipe I, a slurry returning pipe II, a slurry injecting pump 2, a pressure gauge 21, a high-pressure rotary water tail 22, a slurry conveying pipe II, a high-pressure hose 4, a drilling machine device 5, a drilling rod 51, a drilling hole 6, an integrated drilling bit 7, a drilling bit shell 71, a pressure conversion valve core 72, a cutting pick 73, a front end nozzle 74, an internal threaded hole 75, a connecting spring 76, an aluminum ball 77, a supporting spring 78, an 8-adjusting plugging piece 81 outer clamping seat, a sealing gasket piece 82, a rotor 83, an internal curved tooth 84 and a discharge hole 9.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, a device for breaking coal and increasing permeability by using advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet includes:
a premixing assembly 1;
the second slurry conveying pipe 3 is transversely communicated with one side of the premixing assembly 1, and the second slurry conveying pipe 3 conveys the abrasive and water outwards after the premixing assembly 1 is fully mixed with the abrasive and water;
one end of the grouting pump 2 is communicated with the second slurry conveying pipe 3, and the discharge end of the grouting pump 2 is communicated with a high-pressure hose 4; wherein the grouting pump frequency can be adjusted;
the drilling machine device 5 is transversely erected in the underground coal mine roadway, and the output end of the drilling machine device 5 penetrates into the underground coal mine borehole 6 through rotation of the drill rod 51; and
the integrated drill bit 7 is arranged at one end of a drill rod 51 on the drilling machine device 5, and the integrated drill bit 7 is used for rotationally drilling the drill hole 6 and can be used for carrying out jet coal breaking and permeability improvement on the inner wall of the drill hole 6.
In this embodiment, the premixing assembly 1 includes:
a premix run tank 11;
a stirring motor 12 installed above the premixing stirring tank 11;
the stirrer 13 is rotatably arranged in the premixing stirring tank 11, and the upper end of the stirrer 13 is fixedly connected with the output end of the stirring motor 12;
a sand mixing motor 14, which is installed on a slurry outlet pipe below the premixing stirring tank 11, wherein the sand mixing motor 14 is used for circularly mixing abrasive materials and water;
a slurry conveying pipe I15 which is transversely connected to the premixing stirring tank 11; and
the three-way valve 16 is arranged at one end of the slurry conveying pipe I15, one end of the three-way valve 16 is communicated with the slurry conveying pipe II 3, the three-way valve 16 is also communicated with a slurry returning pipe II 18, the three-way valve 16 is used for controlling the flowing direction of the mixed abrasive and water, and one end of the slurry returning pipe II 18 is communicated with the sand mixing motor 4; wherein, the rotation of the stirring motor is matched with the sand mixing motor to circularly mix the grinding material and water through the slurry conveying pipe I and the slurry returning pipe II, and the mass ratio of the grinding material to the water is precisely controlled to be 13%.
As a preferred embodiment, further comprising:
the first slurry returning pipe 17 is communicated with the outlet of the grouting pump 2, one end of the first slurry returning pipe 17 is communicated with the first slurry conveying pipe 15, and a pressure gauge 21 is further arranged on the grouting pump 2 close to the outlet; and
a high pressure rotary water tail 22 is mounted on the high pressure hose 4.
In this embodiment, the integrated drill bit 7 includes:
a bit housing 71;
a pressure conversion valve core 72 coaxially and relatively slidably disposed in the bit housing 71;
a plurality of cutting picks 73 arranged circumferentially, each cutting pick 73 being uniformly distributed at the front end of the bit housing 71;
a front end nozzle 74 provided on the bit housing 71 on a side close to the cutting pick 73;
a plurality of external connection nozzles (not shown in the figure) are arranged in a circumferential array, a plurality of straight-mouth slots are radially arranged on the circumferential side wall of the drill bit shell 71, an internal threaded hole 75 is formed in the middle of each straight-mouth slot, and the external connection nozzles are installed in the internal threaded holes 75 through a threaded engagement effect;
the connecting spring 76 is transversely and symmetrically connected between the drill bit shell 71 and the pressure conversion valve core 72; and
the aluminum ball 77, both sides all are connected with supporting spring 78 about it, the one end slope of supporting spring 78 is connected on the inner wall of pressure conversion case 72, just the bell mouth department of pressure conversion case 72 has been seted up, still the embedding is provided with in the bell mouth and has adjusted shutoff piece 8, adjust shutoff piece 8 with aluminum ball 77 seals the engagement adaptation mutually, wherein, when the manometer number is less than 25MPa, the pressure conversion case is motionless, auxiliary broken coal after the abrasive water jet is accelerated through drill bit front end nozzle behind the bell mouth. And when the drill is retracted to a preset position, the grouting pump pressure is regulated to 30MPa. At the moment, the aluminum ball moves rightwards to the adjusting plugging piece in the conical hole under the action of water pressure, the front end nozzle channel is closed, then the whole pressure conversion valve core moves rightwards, the connecting spring is compressed, and the fluid channel is opened. The abrasive water jet is accelerated by the external nozzle to erode the coal body, and anti-reflection measures such as slotting, reaming, hole making and the like are carried out.
In this embodiment, the adjusting plug 8 comprises:
the outer clamping seats 81 are circumferentially arranged, and each outer clamping seat 81 is embedded and fixed on the inner wall of the conical hole of the pressure conversion valve core 71;
the sealing gasket 82 is configured into an arc structure, and is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the outer clamping seat 81, a plurality of rotors 83 are arranged between the sealing gasket 82 and the outer clamping seat 81, the sealing gasket 82 is in limit sliding connection with the outer clamping seat 81 through the rotors 83, and an inner spring is further connected between the sealing gasket 82 and the outer clamping seat 81; the sealing gasket pieces can slide and separate under the initial state under the action of the elastic force of the inner spring, so that the sealing gasket pieces can be separated and reset after the aluminum balls are separated from the sealing gasket pieces; and
the inner curved teeth 84 are obliquely fixed on the sealing gasket 83, especially when the grouting pressure in the pressure conversion valve core is continuously increased (namely, the conveying pressure of the grouting pump is gradually increased to 25 MPa), and after the pressure is higher than 25MPa, the aluminum balls can be in abutting contact with the inner curved teeth and drive the sealing gasket to slide relatively, at the moment, the drainage gap between the sealing gaskets is gradually reduced, and the sealing gasket is instantaneously closed after the grouting pressure value is higher than 28MPa, at the moment, on one hand, the aluminum balls can be tightly attached to the sealing gasket to form a sealing layer, and on the other hand, the sealing gaskets can be mutually matched to form an isolating layer, so that a sealing and cutoff effect is provided.
In this embodiment, a plurality of discharge holes 9 are formed on the circumference of the pressure conversion valve core 72, and each discharge hole 9 is disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the straight slot.
As a preferred embodiment, the discharge holes 9 are arranged in a stepwise inclined manner, and the maximum distance between the discharge holes 9 is smaller than the whole length of the straight slot, wherein, as the grouting pressure is continuously enhanced, the discharge holes on the pressure conversion valve core can be aligned with the straight slot one by one, so that the external connection nozzles can be opened one by one, and when the grouting pump pressure representation number is 30MPa, all the discharge holes can be aligned and communicated with the straight slot, thereby ensuring that all the external connection nozzles can perform jet flow operation.
The application method of the coal breaking and permeability increasing device by utilizing the advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet comprises the following steps:
s1, premixing slurry; the right passage of the three-way valve 16 is opened, the stirring motor 12 and the sand mixing motor 14 are opened, and the mass ratio of the grinding material to the water is controlled to be 13%. The grinding material and the water are primarily mixed by a stirrer, the grinding material and the water are fully and uniformly mixed in a circulating flow mode in the premixing stirring tank 11, the slurry conveying pipe I15 and the slurry returning pipe II 18 under the action of the sand mixing motor 14, and then a left passage of the three-way valve 16 is opened;
s2, drilling and slurry conveying; when the drilling machine device 5 is used for drilling, the grouting pump 2 is turned on, the pressure is regulated to 10MPa, and at the moment, the pulse abrasive water jet is sprayed out through the front end nozzle 74 of the integrated drill bit 7 to assist the drilling machine device 5 in drilling;
s3, drill withdrawal positioning, drilling to the depth of the designed hole, stopping drilling, and placing the integrated drill bit 7 at the position needing erosion by drill withdrawal;
s4, coal breaking and permeability increasing; when the pressure is higher than 25MPa, an aluminum ball 77 enters a conical hole, a pressure conversion valve core 72 compresses a connecting spring 76 to move to the right, at the moment, a front end nozzle 74 channel is closed, and a radially arranged external nozzle channel is opened. The frequency of the grouting pump 2 is regulated to be 60-100Hz, the water supply flow is 40L/min, and the high-pressure pulse abrasive water jet is accelerated by the nozzle to erode the coal body. The high-pressure pulse abrasive water jet cuts the coal body along with the rotation of the drill bit, and the anti-reflection measures such as slotting, reaming, hole making and the like are carried out on the coal body according to the requirements. For a hard coal seam, the erosion depth is 1m; for a soft coal bed, the traditional cylindrical hole making is changed, and a slender seam with the length of 2.5m is formed in the coal body by erosion, so that the air permeability is improved;
s5, stopping the grouting pump after no coal is flushed from the orifice, and repeating the operation of the step S4 from 10m of drill withdrawal to the next position;
s6, connecting the drill holes with a gas extraction system to carry out extraction operation after the coal seam anti-reflection work is finished.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art, who is within the scope of the present invention, should make equivalent substitutions or modifications according to the technical scheme of the present invention and the inventive concept thereof, and should be covered by the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides an utilize advance to mix pulsed abrasive material water jet broken coal anti-reflection device which characterized in that: it comprises the following steps:
a premixing assembly (1);
the slurry conveying pipe II (3) is transversely communicated with one side of the premixing component (1), and the slurry conveying pipe II (3) conveys the abrasive and water outwards after the premixing component (1) is fully mixed with the abrasive and water;
one end of the grouting pump (2) is communicated with the second slurry conveying pipe (3), and a high-pressure hose (4) is communicated with the discharge end of the grouting pump (2);
the drilling machine device (5) is transversely erected in the underground coal mine roadway, and the output end of the drilling machine device (5) rotates through a drill rod (51) to penetrate into the underground coal mine borehole (6); and
the integrated drill bit (7) is arranged at one end of a drill rod (51) on the drilling machine device (5), and the integrated drill bit (7) is used for rotationally drilling a drill hole (6) and can be used for jet coal breaking and permeability improvement on the inner wall of the drill hole (6);
the integrated drill bit (7) comprises:
a bit housing (71);
a pressure conversion valve core (72) coaxially and relatively slidably arranged in the drill bit housing (71);
the cutting picks (73) are circumferentially arranged, and the cutting picks (73) are uniformly distributed at the front end of the drill bit shell (71);
a front end nozzle (74) which is arranged on one side of the drill bit housing (71) close to the cutting pick (73);
the drill bit comprises a drill bit shell (71), a plurality of external connection nozzles, a plurality of internal thread holes (75) and a plurality of external connection nozzles, wherein the external connection nozzles are arranged in a circumferential array, a plurality of straight-mouth slots are radially arranged on the circumferential side wall of the drill bit shell (71), the middle part of each straight-mouth slot is provided with the internal thread hole (75), and the external connection nozzles are installed in the internal thread holes (75) through the threaded engagement effect;
the connecting spring (76) is transversely and symmetrically connected between the drill bit shell (71) and the pressure conversion valve core (72); and
the aluminum ball (77) is connected with supporting springs (78) on the upper side and the lower side of the aluminum ball, one ends of the supporting springs (78) are obliquely connected to the inner wall of the pressure conversion valve core (72), conical holes are formed in the ports of the pressure conversion valve core (72), adjusting plugging pieces (8) are further embedded into the conical holes, and the adjusting plugging pieces (8) are in sealing connection with and fit with the aluminum ball (77).
2. The coal breaking and anti-reflection device utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet according to claim 1, wherein: the premixing assembly (1) comprises:
a premixing stirring tank (11);
a stirring motor (12) which is arranged above the premixing stirring tank (11);
the stirrer (13) is arranged in the premixing stirring tank (11) in a relatively rotatable manner, and the upper end of the stirrer (13) is fixedly connected with the output end of the stirring motor (12);
the sand mixing motor (14) is arranged on a slurry outlet pipe below the premixing stirring tank (11), and the sand mixing motor (14) is used for circularly mixing abrasive and water;
a slurry conveying pipe I (15) is transversely connected to the premixing stirring tank (11); and
the three-way valve (16) is arranged at one end of the slurry conveying pipe I (15), one end of the three-way valve (16) is communicated with the slurry conveying pipe II (3), the three-way valve (16) is also communicated with the slurry returning pipe II (18), the three-way valve (16) is used for controlling the flowing direction of the mixed abrasive and water, and one end of the slurry returning pipe II (18) is communicated with the sand mixing motor (14).
3. The coal breaking and anti-reflection device utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet according to claim 2, wherein: the premixing assembly (1) further comprises:
the first slurry returning pipe (17) is communicated with the outlet of the grouting pump (2), one end of the first slurry returning pipe (17) is communicated with the first slurry conveying pipe (15), and a pressure gauge (21) is further arranged on the grouting pump (2) close to the outlet; and
a high pressure rotary water tail (22) mounted on the high pressure hose (4).
4. The coal breaking and anti-reflection device utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet according to claim 1, wherein: the regulating closure (8) comprises:
the outer clamping seats (81) are circumferentially arranged, and each outer clamping seat (81) is embedded and fixed on the inner wall of the conical hole of the pressure conversion valve core (72);
the sealing gasket (82) is in an arc structure and is arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the outer clamping seat (81), a plurality of rotors (83) are arranged between the sealing gasket (82) and the outer clamping seat (81), the sealing gasket is in limit sliding connection with the outer clamping seat (81) through the rotors (83), and an inner spring is further connected between the sealing gasket (82) and the outer clamping seat (81); and
and the inner curved teeth (84) are obliquely fixed on the sealing gasket (82).
5. The coal breaking and anti-reflection device utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet according to claim 4, wherein: a plurality of discharge holes (9) are formed in the circumference of the pressure conversion valve core (72), and the discharge holes (9) are arranged in one-to-one correspondence with the straight slot positions.
6. The coal breaking and anti-reflection device utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet according to claim 5, wherein the device comprises: the discharge holes (9) are arranged in a stepwise inclined manner, and the maximum distance between the discharge holes (9) is smaller than the whole length of the straight slot.
7. A use method of a coal breaking and anti-reflection device by utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet, which adopts the coal breaking and anti-reflection device by utilizing advanced premixed pulse abrasive water jet according to claim 6,
the method is characterized in that: which comprises the following steps:
s1, premixing slurry; opening a right passage of the three-way valve (16), opening the stirring motor (12) and the sand mixing motor (14), and controlling the mass ratio of the grinding material to the water to be 13%; the grinding material and the water are primarily mixed by a stirrer, the grinding material and the water are fully and uniformly mixed in a circulating flow mode in a premixing stirring tank (11), a slurry conveying pipe I (15) and a slurry returning pipe II (18) under the action of a sand mixing motor (14), and then a left passage of a three-way valve (16) is opened;
s2, drilling and slurry conveying; when the drilling machine device (5) is used for drilling, the grouting pump (2) is turned on, the pressure is regulated to be 10MPa, at the moment, the pulse abrasive water jet flow is sprayed out from the front end nozzle (74) of the integrated drill bit (7), and the drilling machine device (5) is assisted to drill;
s3, drill withdrawal positioning, drilling to the depth of the designed hole, stopping drilling, and placing the integrated drill bit (7) at the position needing erosion by drill withdrawal;
s4, coal breaking and permeability increasing; regulating the pressure gauge number at the outlet of the grouting pump (2) to be 30MPa, when the pressure is higher than 25MPa, enabling an aluminum ball (77) to enter a conical hole, enabling a pressure conversion valve core (72) to compress a connecting spring (76) to move to the right side, closing a front end nozzle (74) channel at the moment, and opening a radially arranged external nozzle channel; the frequency of the grouting pump (2) is regulated to be 60-100Hz, the water supply flow is 40L/min, and the high-pressure pulse abrasive water jet is accelerated by the nozzle to erode the coal body; cutting the coal body by high-pressure pulse abrasive water jet along with the rotation of the drill bit, and carrying out slotting, reaming, hole making and permeability increasing measures on the coal body according to the needs; for a hard coal seam, the erosion depth is 1m; for a soft coal bed, the traditional cylindrical hole making is changed, and a slender seam with the length of 2.5m is formed in the coal body by erosion, so that the air permeability is improved;
s5, stopping the grouting pump after no coal is flushed from the orifice, and repeating the operation of the step S4 from 10m of drill withdrawal to the next position;
s6, connecting the drilling holes (6) with a gas extraction system to carry out extraction operation after the coal seam permeability increasing work is finished.
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| CN114961614B (en) * | 2022-05-17 | 2023-11-10 | 煤炭科学研究总院有限公司 | Mine tunnel exploitation drilling device |
| CN115788305B (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-07-14 | 河南理工大学 | Abrasive gas jet coal breaking pressure relief and reflection increasing device for soft coal seam |
| CN116044312B (en) * | 2023-04-03 | 2023-06-23 | 湖南大学 | Curve high-pressure jet grouting drill bit capable of monitoring grouting pressure in real time |
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