CN212317853U

CN212317853U - Passive extrusion type pulse coal dust jet flow coal breaking pressure relief permeability increasing device

Info

Publication number: CN212317853U
Application number: CN202021581368.9U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴姣姣; 刘勇; 王琛琛; 沈荷莲; 郭鑫辉; 代硕
Original assignee: Henan University of Technology
Current assignee: Henan University of Technology
Priority date: 2020-08-03
Filing date: 2020-08-03
Publication date: 2021-01-08
Anticipated expiration: 2030-08-03

Abstract

The utility model discloses a passive extrusion formula pulse coal cinder efflux broken coal release anti-reflection device, the device mainly comprises anchor agitator, water tank, slush pump, the manometer, the pipeline, rotatory water tail, the rig, the drilling rod, integrated drill bit, the dust cage, the dust-collecting pipeline, the coal cinder case, the filter screen, the jet pump, the device utilizes the coal cinder that produces when drilling to be as the abrasive, adopt slush pump pressurization to form passive extrusion formula pulse high pressure coal cinder to penetrate the nozzle of flowing through integrated drill bit and accelerate once more, the erosion broken coal carries out the coal seam release anti-reflection, adopt the coal cinder as the abrasive not only convenient local materials of drawing, can also lighten the environmental pollution in the pit, save economic cost; in addition, the mud pump is adopted to generate the pulse jet with adjustable pulse frequency, so that the problem that the current pulse jet is difficult to apply to a field is solved, the water cushion effect can be effectively avoided, and the coal breaking efficiency is improved.

Description

Passive extrusion type pulse coal dust jet flow coal breaking pressure relief permeability increasing device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of the permeability increasing of coal seam release and gas drainage, especially, relate to a passive extrusion formula pulse coal cinder efflux is broken coal release permeability increasing device.

Background

Coal and gas outburst is the most serious dynamic disaster faced in coal mining, which seriously affects the normal production of coal mines, along with the year-by-year improvement of coal mining depth in recent years in China, gas exists in coal seams with the characteristics of high stress, high gas pressure and low permeability, the difficulty of coal mine resource mining is continuously increased, so the original coal seam pressure relief and permeability increase and gas extraction technology needs to be enhanced, the currently adopted coal seam pressure relief and permeability increase technology mainly comprises deep hole blasting, water jet cutting, hole expanding, hole building and other hydraulic measures, and the like, the gas extraction effect is enhanced by increasing the number of coal seam cracks, releasing coal seam stress and improving coal seam permeability, the pressure relief and permeability increase of the coal seam by adopting the stress waves generated during explosive blasting to perform pressure relief and permeability increase the number of the coal seam, but the explosive transportation and underground operation have great danger, the technology which is most widely used at present is hydraulic pressure relief and permeability increase, high-pressure water jet is adopted to perform slotting, hole expanding and cave forming on a coal seam so as to relieve the pressure of the coal seam and increase the permeability of the coal seam, the technology is developed relatively mature, but the high-pressure water jet has the problems of high pressure, shallow erosion depth and great potential safety hazard, and then technologies of high-pressure abrasive water jet and high-pressure pulse water jet pressure relief and permeability increase are correspondingly developed, the technologies overcome the problem of shallow erosion depth of the high-pressure water jet, the high-pressure abrasive water jet improves the rock breaking efficiency by utilizing the high-speed impact of abrasive particles, and can be divided into pre-mixing and post-mixing according to an abrasive mixing mode, the pre-mixing type abrasive is more fully mixed with the abrasive, the abrasive acceleration time is longer, the energy is higher, the rock impact breaking effect is more obvious, so the pre-mixing type abrasive water jet erosion effect is better under the same condition, however, no matter which mode is adopted, the trouble of the continuous feeding problem and the complexity of the equipment make the continuous feeding difficult to be applied in large scale under the well, in addition, the produced waste abrasive water and coal dust can cause water resource waste and pollute the underground environment, the high-pressure pulse water jet can effectively avoid the water cushion effect, the rock breaking efficiency is improved by utilizing the characteristics of the water hammer pressure effect, the high-frequency impact pressure, the high-speed lateral flow and the like, the high-pressure pulse water jet can be divided into an extrusion type, a cut-off type and an excitation type according to the pulse jet forming mechanism, the extrusion type pulse water jet is formed by impacting an extrusion piston and then extruding water to form high-speed jet with large diameter and intermittent emission, but the forming device is complex at present and difficult to be actually applied in the field, the cut-off type pulse jet is formed by high-speed rotating periodic continuous jet of an external perforated disc, the single pulse length and the pulse, the realization of the two kinds of pulse jet flow needs a complex exciting device, the exciting type pulse jet flow can form high-frequency pulse jet flow compared with the former two kinds of jet flow, but the pressure fluctuation amplitude is small, discontinuous emission can not be realized, and the capability of eroding and breaking hard rock is lower, so that no high-voltage pulse jet flow technology which can be applied to the field exists at present.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model aims at providing a passive extrusion formula pulse coal cinder efflux is broken coal release and is transferred to high device, the device normally creeps into in the coal seam, carries out the coal cinder and collects, need not change the drill bit when moving back the brill, utilizes the slush pump to form passive extrusion formula pulse coal cinder efflux and erode the release to the coal seam after pressurizeing the mixture of coal cinder and water to reach the target of strengthening gas drainage effect.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the utility model adopts the technical scheme that:

the utility model provides a broken coal release anti-reflection device of passive extrusion formula pulse coal cinder efflux, includes the water tank, the high-pressure line that the slush pump of being connected with the water tank is connected with the slush pump export, the rig that is connected with the high-pressure line export, the rig includes the drilling rod, is located the integrated drill bit of drilling rod tip, integrated drill bit lower part is equipped with a coal cinder case, and coal cinder bottom of the case exit is equipped with a jet pump, and the jet pump export is UNICOM with the water tank.

Furthermore, a rotary water tail is arranged between the drilling machine and the high-pressure pipeline.

Furthermore, a dust collection cover which is inclined upwards is arranged at the contact position of the end part of the drill rod and the rock stratum, a dust collection pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the dust collection cover, an outlet of the dust collection pipeline is communicated with a coal dust box, and a filter screen is further arranged at the connection position of the bottom of the coal dust box and the jet pump.

Furthermore, a pressure gauge is further arranged on a high-pressure pipeline of the outlet of the slurry pump, and an anchor type stirrer is further arranged at the bottom of the water tank.

Further, the integrated drill bit comprises a shell, a plurality of cutting teeth are arranged at the front end of the shell, the integrated drill bit is located on a T-shaped valve core inside the shell, the right side of the T-shaped valve core is connected with the inside of the shell through an upper spring and a lower spring, the large end of the T-shaped valve core, namely the distance from the left side wall of the shell when the notch is plugged by forward movement of the valve core, is smaller than the distance of the compressed valve core, two nozzles are arranged on the shell, an inner channel of the valve core is arranged inside the valve core, a conical top cover is arranged at the front end of the valve core, a notch matched with the conical top cover is arranged at the joint of the conical top cover and the front end of the shell, a cutting tooth drainage channel is arranged between the notch and the front end of the shell, a.

Furthermore, a first gasket is arranged between the large end, namely the left end, of the valve core and the inner wall of the shell, and a second gasket is arranged between the small end, namely the right end, of the valve core and the inner wall of the shell.

A use method of a passive extrusion type pulse coal dust jet flow coal breaking pressure relief permeability increasing device comprises the following steps:

(1) adjusting the pressure of a slurry pump, drilling by using a drilling machine, stopping drilling until the depth of a designed hole is drilled, and withdrawing the drilling until the position needing to be eroded;

(2) cleaning a pipeline, a drill rod and a drill bit by using high-pressure water to prevent the system from being blocked, and opening a jet pump and an anchor stirrer after cleaning to form a coal dust aqueous solution which is uniformly mixed in a water tank;

(3) the water pressure of the slurry pump is adjusted to be more than 5MPa to open the nozzle channel, the pulse coal dust water jet pressure is controlled to be 30MPa, the pulse frequency is controlled to be 200Hz, the mass of the coal dust accounts for 13 percent, and the water supply flow is controlled to be 0.15m³Min, the formed high-pressure pulse coal dust water flow is accelerated to be sprayed out through a nozzle to erode the coal bed, the erosion depth is 1.5m, high-pressure pulse coal dust jet flow is formed in a drill hole along with the rotation of a drill bit to cut the coal body, pressure relief measures such as slotting, reaming, cave building and the like can be carried out on the coal bed according to needs in the process, the coal outlet condition of a drill hole opening is observed until no coal dust flows out of the hole opening, the same operation is carried out on the next position continuously, when the position is 2 m away from the drill hole opening, the work is stopped to prevent high-pressure water from hurting people, and a mud pump and a jet pump are closed after the erosion of the drill coal section;

(4) repeating the operation steps in the steps (1) to (2), carrying out the same operation on the next drill hole, and connecting the drill hole with a gas extraction system for extraction after the pressure relief and permeability increase work of the coal seam is finished

Further, when the water pressure in the step (1) is lower than 5MPa, the nozzle channel is closed, water flow only assists the cutting tooth to drill, in the process, the jet pump and the anchor type stirrer are closed, and the dust collection cover and the coal dust box are adopted to collect coal dust.

The utility model has the advantages that:

1. the device adopts coal scraps in a drill hole as grinding materials, the coal scraps are pressurized by a slurry pump to form a passive extrusion type high-pressure pulse coal scrap water flow, and then the coal seam is eroded by an integrated drill bit so as to achieve the purpose of releasing pressure, increasing permeability and strengthening the gas extraction effect;

2. the coal scraps generated by drilling and coal erosion breaking operations are used as the grinding materials to erode and release the pressure of the coal bed, so that waste materials are changed into valuable materials, solid and liquid wastes generated by eroding the coal bed by jet flow are fully utilized, the underground environment pollution is reduced, the required grinding materials can be made from local materials conveniently and quickly according to local conditions, the gas treatment cost is further saved, and the economic pressure of enterprises is reduced;

3. the method for pressurizing the coal dust water by the mud pump not only can solve the problem of difficult continuous feeding at present, but also can simply and quickly form a continuous free-oscillation fluid structure which can exist without adding other excitation devices to form a passive extrusion type pulse jet with controllable pulse frequency, thereby solving the problem that the existing pulse jet generation method is difficult to apply to a coal mine site;

4. the active pulse coal dust water jet is adopted for slotting operation, so that the water cushion effect of continuous jet can be effectively avoided, and the coal breaking efficiency of the jet is improved by utilizing the water hammer pressure effect, high-frequency impact pressure, high-speed lateral flow and the impact action of high-speed coal dust particles;

5. compared with the mode of mixing coal dust and water before mixing, the mode of mixing the coal dust and the water before mixing the water and the coal dust is more sufficient and uniform, the acceleration process of coal dust particles is longer, the energy is higher, the impact crushing effect on coal rock mass is better, and in addition, the coal dust is used as an abrasive material, so that the abrasion on pipelines and drill rods can be effectively reduced due to the low hardness of the coal dust;

6. when the integrated drill bit is adopted for erosion coal-breaking operation, the drill bit does not need to be replaced after the drill rod is completely withdrawn, the coal bed can be subjected to water conservancy measures by adjusting the water pressure to start the nozzle to work and erode the coal bed, the pressure of the coal bed is relieved, the permeability is increased, the time is saved, the efficiency is improved, the abrasion of the drill rod is reduced, and the service life of the drill rod is prolonged.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the device of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an integrated drill bit according to the present invention;

fig. 3 is a top view of an integrated drill bit according to the present invention;

1: anchor agitator, 2: a water tank, 3: slurry pump, 4: pressure gauge, 5: high-pressure line, 6: rotating water tail, 7: a drilling machine, 8: drill rod, 9: dust cage, 10: integrated drill, 10.1: housing, 10.2: first gasket, 10.3: valve core, 10.4: spool internal passage, 10.5: nozzle, 10.6: spring, 10.7: pick, 10.8: second gasket, 10.9: pick drainage channel, 11: dust collecting pipe line, 12: rock formation, 13: coal seam, 14: coal dust box, 15: a filter screen and a 16-jet pump.

Detailed Description

As shown in the figure, the passive extrusion type pulse coal dust jet flow coal breaking pressure relief and permeability increasing device comprises a water tank 2, a mud pump 3 connected with the water tank 2, a high-pressure pipeline 5 connected with the outlet of the mud pump 3, a drilling machine 7 connected with the outlet of the high-pressure pipeline 5, the drilling machine 7 comprises a drill rod 8 and an integrated drill bit 10 positioned at the end part of the drill rod 8, a coal dust box 14 is arranged at the lower part of the integrated drill bit 10, a jet pump 16 is arranged at the outlet at the bottom of the coal dust box 14, the outlet of the jet pump 16 is communicated with the water tank 2, a rotary water tail is also arranged between the drilling machine 7 and the high-pressure pipeline 5, a dust collection cover 9 which inclines upwards is also arranged at the contact part of the end part of the drill rod 8 and the rock stratum 12, the bottom of the dust collection cover 9 is provided with a dust collection pipeline 11, the outlet of the dust collection pipeline 11 is communicated with a coal dust box 14, and the joint of the bottom of the coal dust box 14 and a jet pump 16 is also provided with a filter screen 15; a pressure gauge 4 is further arranged on a high-pressure pipeline 5 at the outlet of the mud pump 3, an anchor type stirrer 1 is further arranged at the bottom of the water tank 2, the integrated drill 10 comprises a shell 10.1, a plurality of cutting teeth 10.7 are arranged at the front end of the shell 10.1, a T-shaped valve core 10.3 positioned in the shell 10.1 is connected with the inside of the shell 10.1 through an upper spring 10.6 and a lower spring 10.6, the distance from the left side wall of the shell 10.1 when the valve core 10.3 moves forwards to block the notch is smaller than the distance that the valve core 10.3 is compressed, two nozzles 10.5 are arranged on the shell 10.1, a valve core internal channel 10.4 is arranged in the valve core 10.3, a conical top cover is arranged at the front end of the valve core 10.3, a notch matched with the conical top cover is arranged at the joint of the conical top cover and the front end of the shell 10.1, a cutting tooth channel 10.9 is arranged between the notch and the front end of the shell 10.1, the cutting pick drainage channel 10.9 is provided with a plurality of outlets at the front end of the shell 10.1, each outlet is positioned at a cutting pick 10.7, a first gasket 10.2 is arranged between the large end, namely the left end, of the valve core 10.3 and the inner wall of the shell 10.1, and a second gasket 10.8 is arranged between the small end, namely the right end, of the valve core 10.3 and the inner wall of the shell 10.1.

When the jet pump 16 and the anchor type stirrer 1 are closed during drilling, the pressure of the slurry pump 3 is adjusted to ensure that the pressure of water flow flowing through the drill rod 8 is smaller (lower than 5 MPa), when the water pressure in the integrated drill bit 10 is smaller than the spring pressure energy, under the action of the spring 10.7, the first gasket 10.2 and the valve core 10.3 are tightly abutted against the closed nozzle 10.5 to ensure that the water flow can only enter the cutting tooth drainage channel 10.9 through the conical top cover at the front part of the valve core through the internal channel 10.4 of the valve core to flow to different cutting teeth, the auxiliary cutting tooth 10.7 breaks coal and rocks, the dust collection cover 9 is arranged at the outlet of the drill hole and is used for collecting coal dust generated in the drilling process of the drill hole, the coal dust enters the coal dust box 14 through the dust collection pipeline 11, the bottom of the coal dust box is provided with the filter screen 15 which is used for filtering out coal dust with different particle sizes from a coal dust water mixture, on one hand, coal scraps enter a water tank 2 in an accelerated manner through a jet pump 16, the coal scraps are fully stirred and uniformly mixed with water through an anchor stirrer 1, a slurry pump 3 pressurizes the coal scraps and enables a continuous free oscillation fluid structure to exist in a system without adding other exciting devices through the reciprocating motion of a piston of the slurry pump, a passive extrusion type pulse coal scraps water flow is formed, then the high-pressure pulse coal scraps water flow is conveyed to a rotary water tail 6 through a high-pressure pipeline 5 provided with a pressure gauge 4, the rotary water tail 6 is conveyed to an integrated drill bit 10 through a drilling machine 7 and a drill rod 8, the water pressure overcomes the elasticity of a spring 10.6 to push a valve core 10.3 to move forwards due to the fact that the water flow pressure is higher at the moment, a trapezoidal head at the front part of the valve core extends into a cutting pick drainage channel 10.9, a conical surface of the trapezoidal head is tightly abutted against a second gasket 10.8, the cutting pick drainage channel 10.9 is sealed, meanwhile, a nozzle 10.5 is opened, the, the included angle between the connecting line and the axial direction of the drill rod is 90 degrees, the diameter of the throat part is 3mm, and high-pressure pulse coal dust water flow is accelerated by the nozzle to form jet flow erosion coal seam pressure relief and permeability increase.

The device for carrying out erosion pressure relief on the coal seam comprises the following steps:

(1) adjusting the pressure of a slurry pump (when the water pressure is lower than 5MPa, a nozzle channel is closed, water flow only assists cutting teeth to drill), drilling by using a drilling machine, stopping drilling until the depth of a designed hole is drilled (in the process, a jet pump and an anchor type stirrer are closed, and a dust collection cover and a coal dust box are adopted to collect coal dust), and retreating the drilling to the position needing to be eroded;

(2) and the pipeline, the drill rod and the drill bit are cleaned by high-pressure water, so that the system is prevented from being blocked. After the washing is finished, opening the jet pump and the anchor type stirrer to form a coal dust water solution which is uniformly mixed in the water tank;

(3) adjusting slurry pump (when water pressure is more than 5MPa, the nozzle channel is opened, the pulse coal dust water jet pressure is controlled to be 30MPa, the pulse frequency is controlled to be 200Hz, the coal dust mass accounts for 13%, and the water supply flow is controlled to be 0.15m³The device has the best erosion effect in min, the erosion depth can reach 1.5 m), high-pressure pulse coal dust water flow formed is accelerated to be sprayed out through a nozzle to erode the coal bed, high-pressure pulse coal dust jet flow is formed in a drill hole along with the rotation of a drill bit to cut the coal body (in the process, the light pressure needs to be paid attention to slow rotation), pressure relief measures such as slotting, reaming, cave building and the like can be carried out on the coal bed according to needs in the process, the coal outlet condition of the drill hole opening is observed until no coal dust flows out from the hole opening, the same operation is carried out on the next position, when the position is 2 m away from the drill hole opening, the work is stopped to avoid hurting people by high pressure water, and a slurry pump and a jet pump are closed after the erosion of the;

(4) and (4) repeating the operation steps in the step (1) and (2), carrying out the same operation on the next drill hole, and connecting the drill hole with a gas extraction system for extraction after the pressure relief and permeability increase work of the coal seam is finished.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a broken coal release anti-reflection device of passive extrusion formula pulse coal cinder efflux which characterized in that: the drilling machine comprises a drill rod and an integrated drill bit positioned at the end part of the drill rod, wherein a coal dust box is arranged at the lower part of the integrated drill bit, a jet pump is arranged at the outlet of the bottom of the coal dust box, and the outlet of the jet pump is communicated with the water tank.

2. The passive extrusion type pulse coal dust jet flow coal breaking pressure relief and permeability increasing device of claim 1, wherein: and a rotary water tail is also arranged between the drilling machine and the high-pressure pipeline.

3. The passive extrusion type pulse coal dust jet flow coal breaking pressure relief and permeability increasing device of claim 2, wherein: the drill rod is characterized in that a dust collection cover which is inclined upwards is further arranged at the contact position of the end part of the drill rod and the rock stratum, a dust collection pipeline is arranged at the bottom of the dust collection cover, an outlet of the dust collection pipeline is communicated with a coal dust box, and a filter screen is further arranged at the connection position of the bottom of the coal dust box and the jet pump.

4. The passive extrusion type pulse coal dust jet flow coal breaking pressure relief and permeability increasing device of claim 3, wherein: the high-pressure pipeline of the outlet of the slurry pump is also provided with a pressure gauge, and the bottom of the water tank is also provided with an anchor type stirrer.

5. The passive extrusion type pulse coal dust jet flow coal breaking pressure relief and permeability increasing device of claim 4, wherein: the integrated drill bit comprises a shell, a plurality of cutting teeth are arranged at the front end of the shell, the integrated drill bit is located on a T-shaped valve core inside the shell, the right side of the T-shaped valve core is connected with the inside of the shell through an upper spring and a lower spring, the distance from the left side wall of the shell to the left side wall is smaller than the distance of the valve core compressed when the notch is plugged by the forward movement of the valve core, two nozzles are arranged on the shell, a valve core internal passage is arranged inside the valve core, a conical top cover is arranged at the front end of the valve core, a notch matched with the conical top cover is arranged at the joint of the conical top cover and the front end of the shell, a cutting tooth drainage passage is arranged between the notch and the front end of the shell, a plurality of outlets are arranged at the.

6. The passive extrusion type pulse coal dust jet flow coal breaking pressure relief and permeability increasing device of claim 5, wherein: a first gasket is arranged between the large end, namely the left end, of the valve core and the inner wall of the shell, and a second gasket is arranged between the small end, namely the right end, of the valve core and the inner wall of the shell.