CN106320985B - Coal seam high-pressure water jet drill, which expands, cuts integrated permeability improvement device and its method - Google Patents
Coal seam high-pressure water jet drill, which expands, cuts integrated permeability improvement device and its method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106320985B CN106320985B CN201610834597.9A CN201610834597A CN106320985B CN 106320985 B CN106320985 B CN 106320985B CN 201610834597 A CN201610834597 A CN 201610834597A CN 106320985 B CN106320985 B CN 106320985B
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Classifications
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/26—Drill bits with leading portion, i.e. drill bits with a pilot cutter; Drill bits for enlarging the borehole, e.g. reamers
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/60—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids
- E21B10/61—Drill bits characterised by conduits or nozzles for drilling fluids characterised by the nozzle structure
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B21/00—Methods or apparatus for flushing boreholes, e.g. by use of exhaust air from motor
- E21B21/06—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole
- E21B21/063—Arrangements for treating drilling fluids outside the borehole by separating components
- E21B21/067—Separating gases from drilling fluids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B43/00—Methods or apparatus for obtaining oil, gas, water, soluble or meltable materials or a slurry of minerals from wells
- E21B43/25—Methods for stimulating production
- E21B43/26—Methods for stimulating production by forming crevices or fractures
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH DRILLING, e.g. DEEP DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B7/00—Special methods or apparatus for drilling
- E21B7/18—Drilling by liquid or gas jets, with or without entrained pellets
Abstract
Expand the invention discloses a kind of coal seam high-pressure water jet drill and cut integrated permeability improvement device, including rig, drilling rod and drill bit, drill bit includes columned body, the front end of body extends to form circular cone shape reamer forward, cornish bit is fixed with the conical surface of reamer, the small head end end face of reamer extends to form brill tooth forward, the rear end of body extends rearwardly to form slot portion, the rear end in slot portion is fixedly linked with drilling rod, in reamer, the duct passed through for liquid is provided with body and slot portion, the rear end in duct is connected with drilling rod centre bore, punching nozzle is installed in the preceding aperture in duct, horizontal slot nozzle is installed in slot portion, valve element is also equipped with duct.Integrated coal seam permeability improvement device is cut so as to expand there is provided a kind of drill and there is provided a kind of method anti-reflection using device progress coal seam, be efficiently avoid deflection of borehole, is improved construction environment, reduces the waste of water and gas, improve operating efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to coal and gas production technical field, specifically, more particularly to a kind of coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-
Brill-expansion-cuts integrated permeability improvement device and its method.
Background technology
At present, coal-bed gas is as one of cleaning high heating value energy, and its extraction is of great immediate significance.And China
Coal-bed gas gas permeability is low, and gas pumping is difficult, generally requires to carry out coal body fracturing using artificial-strengthening measure, increase coal seam is saturating
Gas property coefficient, so as to increase mine gas extraction rate, realizes coal-bed gas scale methane drainage and utilization project.Compare traditional coal seam anti-reflection
Method mainly has hydrofracturing method and Deephole pre-splitting blasting method.But, the hydraulic pressure crack of hydraulic fracturing is general along maximum principal stress
Directional Extension, larger by Geological Structure Effect, its fracturing crack often has certain directionality；And hydraulic fracturing crack is expanded
Exhibition direction is influenceed with larger uncertainty by coal bed texture, causes coal body fracturing effect uneven.Deephole pre-splitting blasting increases
The shock wave that saturating method is produced using explosive charge moment carries out fracturing to coal body, can obtain preferable application effect.But, fry
The links such as medicine transport, drilling are installed, detonation are it is possible that security incident；Such as occur explosive in application process to miss-fire,
The interior residual explosive that drills is caused, the quite dangerous in processing procedure；And government's explosive management and control is strict, explosive examination and approval procedures are answered
It is miscellaneous；When actual use, explosive consumption is excessive to cause coal body efflorescence serious, and explosive charge does not reach preferable fracturing radius less.
High pressure water jet is the new technology that last century the fifties start to grow up, in the late three decades, this
At home and abroad research and development is rapid for technology.There is high-pressure water jet transmission energy to concentrate, without abrasion, no-spark, depositing dust and adaptation
Property it is strong the advantages of, have been widely used the cleaning in the fields such as coal, oil, chemical industry, aviation, building, machinery, cutting, broken etc.
Aspect.Coal industry is initially drilled just with high pressure water jet, in recent years, and some scholars and scientific research institutions are in water
Force and split and the anti-reflection technology of high-pressure hydraulic slot is had also been proposed on high-pressure water jet Research foundation：Cut using special high-pressure hydraulic
The crack quantity in standby, existing mash gas pumping drilling carrying out horizontal or vertical slot in coal seam, increase coal seam is seamed, is made
Stress of coal seam discharges, and increases the permeability in coal seam.High-pressure hydraulic slot rock breaking mechanism is different from straight jet, its broken rock machine
Reason is mainly：On the one hand by the frontal impact of high-pressure water jet, stretching, water wedge effect is produced to coal and rock and carries out broken rock, separately
On the one hand horizontal load is produced in the crack of frontal impact formation, fissure-plane is produced failure by shear and with erosion, stretching
The complex process of the diversified forms such as destruction effect.Technology that high-pressure hydraulic slot is anti-reflection can form uniform slot in drilling coal seam section,
Realize coal mass relief, promote adsorption gas in coal body to be converted to free gas, increase coal body permeability coefficient, dramatically increase coal seam
Gas pumping efficiency.
Existing underground coal mine high-pressure water jet drilling technology and the achievement in research that hydraulic slotted liner technique is carried out using high-pressure water jet
It is primarily present following defect：
First, in drilling hydraulic slotted liner technique drilling process, because rock stratum is a kind of heterogeneous anisotropic material, and containing more
Natural fissure and defect, drill bit can shift along the weak direction in front during grinding coal and rock, cause practice of construction to bore
Hole site produces certain offset error with design bore position, has a strong impact on live coal seam cutting and gas pumping effect；
2nd, it is two complete equipments, it is necessary to first carry out drilling construction to bore reaming and high-pressure hydraulic slot, exits drilling rod peace again afterwards
Hydraulic slotted liner technique drill bit is filled, waterpower cutting is carried out, the consuming time is long, and labor intensity is big, inefficiency.Also, must during more bit change
Drilling rod all must be exited, if drilling depth is very deep, need to take longer time, during more bit change, frequently assembly and disassembly are bored
Bar, accelerates drill rod abrasion, reduces drilling life of drill pipe；
3rd, there is no relevant protection device in aperture, and it is down-hole coal bed in drilling process, it is substantial amounts of due to containing in coal body
High pressure gas gas, it is dangerous to there is larger spray orifice, easily caused during drilling construction drilling rod spray, the leakage of a large amount of gases,
Gas exceeding limit is caused, or even causes casualties；
4th, waste water circulation recovery system is not provided with, a large amount of ponding of coal mine work area are caused, field working conditions are severe,
Limit the application of the technology at the scene；
5th, drill bit is mainly crept into based on rotary grinding broken rock, and drill bit is fragile, and drilling financial cost is big.
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is that providing a kind of coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-expands-cut integrated permeability improvement device,
To avoid borehole throw, and improve drilling and hydraulic slotted liner technique efficiency.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme of the first purpose is as follows：A kind of coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-expands-cut integration
Permeability improvement device, including rig, drilling rod and drill bit, the drilling rod are in hollow structure, and the drill bit includes columned body, described
The front end of body extends to form coaxial circular cone shape reamer forward, and the reamer is pre-small post-large, in the conical surface of reamer
Upper circumference is uniformly fixed with least two cornish bits, the small head end end face of the reamer extend forward to be formed it is circumferential it is uniform extremely
Few three brills tooth, the rear end of the body extends rearwardly to form coaxial cylindric slot portion, the radius ratio sheet in the slot portion
The radius of body cylindrical section is small；It is provided with the reamer, body and slot portion before the duct passed through for liquid, the duct
Front end, the rear end in the rear end insertion slot portion in duct of insertion reamer are held, punching spray is installed in the preceding aperture in the duct
Mouth, is provided with least one horizontal slot nozzle in the slot portion, the outer end insertion slot portion of the slot nozzle
The week side of boss wall, the inner of slot nozzle and hole link, valve element is also equipped with the duct, and when hydraulic pressure is small, valve element will be cut
Insertion before and after the inner closing of nozzle, the duct is stitched, when hydraulic pressure is big, valve element blocks forward the front portion in duct, while slot
Nozzle the inner is connected with duct rear portion；The rear end in the slot portion is fixedly linked with drilling rod, and in the rear end and drilling rod in duct
Heart hole is connected.
Using said structure, reamer is set in body front end and tooth is bored, rear end sets slot portion, and reamer, this
Duct is set in body and slot portion, and duct front end is installed and slot nozzle is installed in punching nozzle, slot portion, and installed in duct
Valve element；When water under high pressure hydraulic pressure is smaller, valve element closes the inner of slot nozzle, and water under high pressure is via duct and punching nozzle to boring
Coal body in front of hole is impacted and precrushing, can reduce resistance during drilling so that bore tooth and cornish bit is further crept into
Grinding is easier to push ahead when broken, and drilling efficiency is significantly improved, and High-Pressure Water can also cool down drill bit simultaneously；When having crept into
Into need carry out hydraulic slotted liner technique when, it is not necessary to more bit change, only need to move back get into specified location increase water under high pressure hydraulic pressure, make valve element to
The front portion in duct is blocked in preceding movement, while slot nozzle the inner is connected with duct rear portion, High-Pressure Water enters slot nozzle, with
Coal body formation radial impact force carries out hydraulic slotted liner technique in the high speed rotation device to hole of drill bit.So as to there is provided a kind of coal seam high-pressure water shot
Integrated permeability improvement device is expanded-cut in stream punching-brill-, passes through pressure water jets impact rock mass or coal body, reduction drilling front coal petrography mechanics
Property, and the coal and rock formation high-pressure hydraulic hole in front of drilling, guiding is bored tooth and crept into along along high pressure water impact hole, due to height
Pressure water jet direction remained along drill bit axis direction, therefore its impact is made acupuncture point and put and is in drill bit axis direction all the time, i.e.,
Boring direction is designed, coal body mechanical property reduction in front of tooth is bored after pressure water jets impact, and formation is oriented to cave, so as to protect
Brill tooth is demonstrate,proved to creep into along design direction all the time, has reached that pressure water jets impact makes the effect of cave orientation, efficiently avoid brill
Hole deviation.Also, by boring after teeth drill bit drilling, the increase of coal and rock internal orifice dimension, but still do not reach mash gas pumping drilling aperture and want
Ask, therefore devise expanding structure, after pressure water jets impact makes cave orientation, bores tooth drilling perforate, tooth is bored by cornish bit edge
The small size drilling being ground out carries out grinding reaming, because impulse nozzle has carried out precrushing to coal body, bores tooth also to boring
Hole is once crept into and ground, coal body release in drilling, when reaming blade carries out secondary abrasive expanding holes, is pushed ahead
Resistance greatly reduced, grind more abundant, be more easy to discharge, operating efficiency greatly increases.Finally increase hydraulic pressure make punching-brill-
The valve element forward slip for expanding-cutting in integrated three-level drill bit, high-pressure water jet hydraulic blow passage is closed, and water under high pressure sprays along slot
Mouth sprays, and is rotated by rig, slot function is realized in coal body, finally considerably improves the effect of drilling and hydraulic slotted liner technique
Rate.
The valve element includes coaxial big cylindrical section, middle cylindrical section, roundlet shell of column and conical head, the great circle from back to front
The radius of shell of column, middle cylindrical section and roundlet shell of column is sequentially reduced, and the conical head is pre-small post-large, and the stub end half of conical head
Footpath is identical with the radius of roundlet shell of column, the via being mutually communicated is provided with the big cylindrical section and middle cylindrical section, described small
At least two circumferential uniform radial direction apopores, the inner and the via front end of middle cylindrical section of the apopore are provided with cylindrical section
Connection；The duct includes big cylindrical hole, big conical bore, big mounting hole, small mounting hole and small cylindrical opening from back to front, described big
Cylindrical hole, big mounting hole, small mounting hole and small cylindrical opening are in the cylindrical hole coaxial with body, and the big conical bore is in and body
Coaxial and pre-small post-large conical bore, the rear end face in the rear end insertion slot portion of the big cylindrical hole, the big cylinder of slot portion correspondence
The position in hole is connected with drill rod thread；The front end face of the front end insertion reamer of the small cylindrical opening, the punching nozzle is installed
The front end of small cylindrical opening in duct；It is in step transition, and small between the big mounting hole, small mounting hole and small cylindrical opening
It is fixed with packing ring on step surface in mounting hole, and the big mounting hole site is in slot portion, the inner of the slot nozzle
Connected with the rear portion of big mounting hole, be installed with annular retaining ring in the rear end of the big mounting hole, the big cylindrical section of the valve element and
Middle cylindrical section is slidably matched with big mounting hole and small mounting hole respectively, the bottom in the big cylindrical section front end of valve element and the big mounting hole in duct
Between pad spring is housed, under the action of the spring, the valve element is pushed against with back-up ring backward, and the big cylindrical section of the valve element is by slot
The inner closing of nozzle；When hydraulic pressure is increased, and hydraulic pressure overcomes the pressure promotion valve element forward movement of spring, the taper of the valve element
Small cylindrical opening is stretched into head front end, and the conical surface of conical head is pushed against with packing ring, duct closed front, the inner of the slot nozzle
Connected with big mounting hole.The valve element and duct it is simple in construction, easy for installation, the cooperation between valve element and duct is stable and anti-
Should be sensitive.
The brill tooth rim is respectively and fixedly provided with abrasive grains, the grinding to being evenly equipped with three in each front end for boring tooth
Particle is made up of diamond particles, and the brill tooth is in fan-shaped column, and being inlaid with three in each front end face for boring tooth grinds
Abrasive particle.So set and bore tooth and abrasive grains, on the one hand add brill tooth intensity, extend brill tooth service life, the opposing party
Face enhances the abrasive action for boring tooth, reduces the grinding difficulty for boring tooth, is effectively improved drilling efficiency.
The cornish bit is that the cornish bit on diamond blade, the reamer conical surface is circumferentially evenly equipped with three, and is expanded
Middle of the hole knife just to adjacent brill space width, the top of each cornish bit is in circular arc.
High pressure water circuit is connected with the one end of the drilling rod away from drill bit, the high pressure water circuit is included by high-pressure water pipe successively
The water guide tail of connection connects, the first water pump, the first valve and the first sump, and the water guide tail, which connects, is fixedly connected on drilling rod away from drill bit
One end, connected in water guide tail and the second valve be installed, first pressure table is installed on first water pump.Water under high pressure is set
Road provides water under high pressure for drill bit, wherein the first valve is in sump exit, for controlling water size；Is set on first water pump
One pressure gauge, can show that work progress reclaimed water presses dynamic change；Connected in water guide tail and be provided with the second valve to control high pressure
Water-carrying capacity.The first water pump is the capital equipment for carrying out hydraulic pressure lifting in high pressure water circuit, and the high-pressure hydraulic pump of selection should have multistage
Regulatory function, it is minimum that there are 4 grades of regulatory functions, it be able to should be met according to drilling object implementatio8 regulation, maximum output hydraulic pressure
120MPa, high-pressure water pipe bearing capacity need to be 1.2 times of high-pressure hydraulic pump maximum output pressure.
Gas and water separator is also equipped with the drilling rod, the gas and water separator includes what is docked by ring flange
Tubulose leading portion and back segment, the drilling rod are passed through from the centre bore of moisture trap, and rubber sleeve, rubber are set with outside the leading portion
The two ends sealing of set is fixed on leading portion, and air-filled pore is provided with the rear end of rubber sleeve；Two are provided with the middle part of section in the rear relatively
Via, extraction pipeline is installed on one of via of back segment, be provided with the extraction pipeline the 3rd valve and
Second pressure table；Outlet pipeline is connected with another via of back segment, the other end of the outlet pipeline and the first sump connect
It is logical；The rear end of section is connected with sealing ring in the rear, and the seal ring set is on drilling rod.Moisture trap is set, on the one hand
Drilling is closed, it is to avoid gas and waste water overflow aggravating working environment；On the other hand gas and waste water are collected, kept away
Coal-bed gas release causes gas exceeding limit during having exempted from drilling construction, and gas spray orifice in construction can be reduced to a certain extent
The extent of injury, had both reduced the waste of gas, and the potential safety hazard of boring procedure is reduced again；And it can realize in work progress
The recycling of water.
There also is provided the second sump and the second water pump on the outlet pipeline, second water pump be located at the second sump and
Between first sump.Second sump and the second water pump are set, are easy to precipitate the waste water that moisture trap is collected.
The second object of the present invention is that providing a kind of coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-expands-cut integrated anti-reflection method.
The present invention realizes that the technical scheme of the second purpose is as follows：
Comprise the following steps：
(1) preparatory stage, rig, drilling rod and the drill bit of first purpose technical scheme is installed in down-hole drilling position, are used in combination
Work stone piles up the first sump and the second sump, and the first sump filled into water, adjusts rig location arrangements high pressure water circuit, and by water guide
Tail connects to be fixedly connected with drilling rod；
(2) pressure testing is crept into, and creeps into 1m；
(3) moisture trap is installed, the leading portion and back segment of moisture trap are enclosed on drilling rod, and leading portion is attached to brill
In hole, to be set with outside leading portion rubber sleeve inflation make rubber sleeve expansion fitted with borehole wall, by two holes of back segment adjust to
Arrange one on the other, extraction pipeline is installed at via upward, outlet pipeline is connected at via directed downwardly, then by leading portion
It is fixedly connected with back segment by ring flange；
(4) creep into, the first water pump is opened successively and rig is crept into, repeat drilling rod in drilling process and add to send to push away
Enter, until drillable length meets design requirement；The second water on the extraction valve and outlet pipeline on extraction pipeline is opened simultaneously
Pump；
(5) the first water pump and the second valve are closed after the completion of hydraulic slotted liner technique, drilling construction, is carried out according to design slot scheme
Brill is moved back, is moved back during brill, when slot position needed for drill bit is retreated to, is again turned on the first water pump and rig, adjusts the first water pump
Pressure and the second valve, make High-Pressure Water pressure be more than hydraulic blow pressure when creeping into, and water under high pressure is sprayed from slot nozzle,
As bit formation high pressure annular water flow is to incising coal seam 1-2min, then moves back and get into next specified location and repeat to cut
Seam.
During drilling and hydraulic slotted liner technique, when water-coal-slurry amount reaches setting degree in the second sump, the second water pump is closed,
Appropriate coagulant is added in the second sump to accelerate the sinking speed of water and coal dust intermixture.
Beneficial effect：The present invention on drill bit by setting reamer, boring tooth, slot portion and valve element, so that there is provided one
Kind of pressure water jets impact, which makes cave orientation, bore tooth drilling, cornish bit reaming, rush-the boring-of slot portion slot expands-cuts integrated coal
Layer permeability improvement device and using the anti-reflection method in device progress coal seam, so as to efficiently avoid deflection of borehole, improve and apply
Work environment, reduces the waste of water and gas, improves operating efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of embodiment one.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of drill bit.
Fig. 3 is Fig. 1 top view.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of moisture trap.
Fig. 5 is the step schematic diagram of embodiment two.
Marked in figure as follows：First sump 1, the first valve 2, the first water pump 3, first pressure table 4, high-pressure water pipe
5th, water guide tail connects the 6, second valve 7, drill bit 8, body 81, reamer 82, slot portion 83, brill tooth 84, abrasive grains
85th, cornish bit 86, valve element 87, back-up ring 88, spring 89, packing ring 810, punching nozzle 811, slot nozzle 812, great circle
Post holes 8a, big conical bore 8b, big mounting hole 8c, small mounting hole 8d, small cylindrical opening 8e, moisture trap 9, leading portion 91,
Rubber ring 92, back segment 93, sealing shroud 94, extraction pipeline 10, the 3rd valve 11, second pressure table 12, drilling rod 13, brill
Machine 14, the second sump 15, the second water pump 16, outlet pipeline 17.
Embodiment
Embodiments of the invention are described below in detail, described embodiment example is shown in the drawings, wherein from beginning to end
Same or similar label represents same or similar element or the element with same or like function.Below with reference to attached
Figure description embodiment is exemplary, it is intended to explains the present invention, and is not considered as limiting the invention.With reference to attached
Figure, is further described by the embodiment to the present invention, makes technical scheme and its advantage more
Plus it is clear, clear and definite.
Embodiment one：
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the present invention includes rig 14, drilling rod 13 and drill bit 8, and the drilling rod 13 is in hollow knot
Structure.The drill bit 8 includes columned body 81, and the front end of the body 81 extends to form coaxial circular cone shape reaming forward
Portion 82, the reamer 82 is pre-small post-large, circumferential on the conical surface of reamer 82 to be uniformly fixed with least two cornish bits 86, institute
The quantity for stating cornish bit 86 is adjusted according to actual needs, and the cornish bit 86 on the present embodiment preferably conical surface of reamer 82 is circumferential
Three are evenly equipped with, and the angle of cornish bit 86 between any two is 120 °.The cornish bit 86 is diamond blade, each described
The top of cornish bit 86 is in circular arc.The small head end end face of the reamer 82 extends to form circumferentially uniform at least three forward
Individual brill tooth 84, the quantity for boring tooth 84 sets, not limited according to actual needs.The preferably described brill tooth 84 of the present embodiment is circumferential
It is evenly equipped with three, and middle of the cornish bit 86 just to the adjacent brill spacing of tooth 84.It is solid in each front end for boring tooth 84
Surely there are abrasive grains 85, the quantity of abrasive grains 85 sets, do not limited according to actual needs；The present embodiment is preferably in each institute
The front end face for stating brill tooth 84 is inlaid with three abrasive grains 85.The abrasive grains 85 are made up of diamond particles, described to bore
Tooth 84 is in fan-shaped column.
As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the rear end of the body 81 extends rearwardly to form coaxial cylindric slot portion 83,
The radius of the cylindrical section of radius ratio body 81 in the slot portion 83 is small.Opened in the reamer 82, body 81 and slot portion 83
There is a duct passed through for liquid, the front end of the front end insertion reamer 82 in the duct, the rear end insertion slot portion 83 in duct
Rear end.Punching nozzle 811 is installed in the preceding aperture in the duct, at least one transverse direction is installed in the slot portion 83
Slot nozzle 812, the week side of boss wall in the outer end insertion slot portion 83 of the slot nozzle 812, the inner and duct of slot nozzle 812
Connection.Preferably the slot nozzle 812 is positioned opposite two for the present embodiment.Valve element 87 is also equipped with the duct, when
Hydraulic pressure hour, valve element 87 closes the inner of slot nozzle 812, insertion before and after the duct；When hydraulic pressure is big, valve element 87 is forward
The front portion in duct is blocked, while the inner of slot nozzle 812 is connected with duct rear portion.The rear end in the slot portion 83 is consolidated with drilling rod 13
It is connected calmly, and the rear end in duct is connected with the centre bore of drilling rod 13.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the valve element 87 includes coaxial big cylindrical section, middle cylindrical section, roundlet shell of column from back to front
And conical head, the radius of the big cylindrical section, middle cylindrical section and roundlet shell of column is sequentially reduced, and the conical head is pre-small post-large, and
And the stub end radius of conical head is identical with the radius of roundlet shell of column.It is provided with and mutually passes through in the big cylindrical section and middle cylindrical section
Logical via, is provided with least two circumferential uniform radial direction apopores in the roundlet shell of column, the inner of the apopore with
The via front end connection of middle cylindrical section.
As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the duct from back to front include big cylindrical hole 8a, big conical bore 8b, big mounting hole 8c,
Small mounting hole 8d and small cylindrical opening 8e, the big cylindrical hole 8a, big mounting hole 8c, small mounting hole 8d and small cylindrical opening 8e be in
The cylindrical hole that body 81 is coaxial and radius is sequentially reduced, the big conical bore 8b is in the circular cone coaxial and pre-small post-large with body 81
Hole.The rear end face in the rear end insertion slot portion 83 of the big cylindrical hole 8a, the big cylindrical hole 8a of correspondence of slot portion 83 position and brill
Bar 13 is threadedly coupled.The front end face of the front end insertion reamer 82 of the small cylindrical opening 8e, the punching nozzle 811 is arranged on hole
Road small cylindrical opening 8e front end.It is in step transition between the big mounting hole 8c, small mounting hole 8d and small cylindrical opening 8e, and
Packing ring 810 is fixed with step surface in small mounting hole 8d.The big mounting hole 8c is located in slot portion 83, the slot spray
The inner rear portion with big mounting hole 8c of mouth 812 is connected, and annular retaining ring 88 is installed with the rear end of the big mounting hole 8c, described
The big cylindrical section and middle cylindrical section of valve element 87 are slidably matched with big mounting hole 8c and small mounting hole 8d respectively.In the big cylinder of valve element 87
In the Duan Qianduan and big mounting hole 8c in duct between bottom pad be equipped with spring 89, in the presence of spring 89, the valve element 87 backward with
Back-up ring 88 is pushed against, and the big cylindrical section of the valve element 87 closes the inner of slot nozzle 812.When hydraulic pressure is increased, hydraulic pressure overcomes bullet
When the elastic force of spring 89 promotes the forward movement of valve element 87, small cylindrical opening 8e, and taper are stretched into the conical head front end of the valve element 87
The conical surface of head is pushed against with packing ring 810, and duct closed front, the inner of the slot nozzle 812 connects with big mounting hole 8c.
As shown in figure 1, being connected with high pressure water circuit in the described one end of drilling rod 13 away from drill bit 8, the high pressure water circuit includes
The water guide tail being sequentially connected by high-pressure water pipe 5 connects the 6, first water pump 3, the first valve 2 and the first sump 1, and the water guide tail connects 6 and consolidated
Surely the one end of drilling rod 13 away from drill bit 8 is connected to, is connect in water guide tail and the second valve 7 is installed on 6, on first water pump 3
First pressure table 4 is installed.
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 4, gas and water separator, the gas and water separator bag are also equipped with the drilling rod 13
The tubulose leading portion 91 and back segment 93 docked by ring flange is included, the centre bore of drilling rod 13 from the moisture trap 9 is passed through.Institute
State and rubber sleeve is set with outside leading portion 91, the two ends sealing of rubber sleeve is fixed on leading portion 91, in the rear end of rubber sleeve provided with inflation
Hole.The middle part of section 93 is provided with two relative vias in the rear, and extraction pipeline is provided with one of via of back segment 93
10, the 3rd valve 11 and second pressure table 12 are installed on the extraction pipeline 10.Connected on another via of back segment 93
There is outlet pipeline 17, the other end of the outlet pipeline 17 is connected with the first sump 1；The rear end of section 93 is connected with close in the rear
Seal ring 94, the sealing ring 94 is sleeved on drilling rod 13.The second sump 15 and second is there also is provided on the outlet pipeline 17
Water pump 16, second water pump 16 is located between the second sump 15 and the first sump 1.
Embodiment two：
As shown in figure 5, a kind of coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-is expanded-cut integrated anti-reflection method, comprises the following steps：
(1) preparatory stage, rigging up, drilling rod and drill bit in down-hole drilling position, and materials clitter build the first sump and
Second sump, water is filled by the first sump, adjusts rig location arrangements high pressure water circuit, and water guide tail is connect and drilling rod fixation company
Connect.
(2) pressure testing is crept into, and creeps into 1m.
(3) moisture trap is installed, the leading portion and back segment of moisture trap are enclosed on drilling rod, and leading portion is attached to brill
In hole, to be set with outside leading portion rubber sleeve inflation make rubber sleeve expansion fitted with borehole wall, by two holes of back segment adjust to
Arrange one on the other.Extraction pipeline is installed at via upward, outlet pipeline is connected at via directed downwardly, then by leading portion
It is fixedly connected with back segment by ring flange.
(4) creep into, the first water pump is opened successively and rig is crept into, repeat drilling rod in drilling process and add to send to push away
Enter, until drillable length meets design requirement.The second water on the extraction valve and outlet pipeline on extraction pipeline is opened simultaneously
Pump.
(5) the first water pump and the second valve are closed after the completion of hydraulic slotted liner technique, drilling construction, is carried out according to design slot scheme
Brill is moved back, is moved back during brill, when slot position needed for drill bit is retreated to, is again turned on the first water pump and rig, adjusts the first water pump
Pressure and the second valve, make High-Pressure Water pressure be more than hydraulic blow pressure when creeping into, and water under high pressure is sprayed from slot nozzle,
As bit formation high pressure annular water flow is to incising coal seam 1-2min, then moves back and get into next specified location and repeat to cut
Seam.
During drilling and hydraulic slotted liner technique, when water-coal-slurry amount reaches setting degree in the second sump, the second water pump is closed,
Appropriate coagulant is added in the second sump to accelerate the sinking speed of water and coal dust intermixture.
Claims (9)
1. integrated permeability improvement device, including rig, drilling rod and drill bit, its feature are expanded-cut to a kind of coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-
It is：The drilling rod is in hollow structure, and the drill bit includes columned body, and the front end of the body extends to form same forward
The circular cone shape reamer of axle, the reamer is pre-small post-large, circumferential on the conical surface of reamer to be uniformly fixed with least two
Cornish bit, the top of each cornish bit is in circular arc, and the small head end end face of the reamer extends to form circumference forward
Uniform at least three bore tooth, and the rear end of the body extends rearwardly to form coaxial cylindric slot portion, the slot portion
The radius of radius ratio body cylindrical section is small；The duct passed through for liquid is provided with the reamer, body and slot portion, it is described
The front end of the front end insertion reamer in duct, the rear end in the rear end insertion slot portion in duct, are installed in the preceding aperture in the duct
There is punching nozzle, at least one horizontal slot nozzle, the outer end insertion of the slot nozzle are installed in the slot portion
The week side of boss wall in slot portion, the inner of slot nozzle and hole link, valve element is also equipped with the duct, when hydraulic pressure is small,
Valve element closes the inner of slot nozzle, insertion before and after the duct, and when hydraulic pressure is big, valve element blocks forward the front portion in duct,
Slot nozzle the inner is connected with duct rear portion simultaneously；The rear end in the slot portion is fixedly linked with drilling rod, and the rear end in duct
Connected with drilling rod centre bore.
2. integrated permeability improvement device is expanded-cut to coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
The valve element includes coaxial big cylindrical section, middle cylindrical section, roundlet shell of column and conical head from back to front, the big cylindrical section, in
The radius of cylindrical section and roundlet shell of column is sequentially reduced, and the conical head is pre-small post-large, and the stub end radius of conical head with it is small
The radius of cylindrical section is identical, the via being mutually communicated is provided with the big cylindrical section and middle cylindrical section, in the roundlet shell of column
At least two circumferential uniform radial direction apopores are inside provided with, the inner of the apopore is connected with the via front end of middle cylindrical section；
The duct includes big cylindrical hole, big conical bore, big mounting hole, small mounting hole and small cylindrical opening from back to front, described big
Cylindrical hole, big mounting hole, small mounting hole and small cylindrical opening are in the cylindrical hole coaxial with body, and the big conical bore is in and body
Coaxial and pre-small post-large conical bore, the rear end face in the rear end insertion slot portion of the big cylindrical hole, the big cylinder of slot portion correspondence
The position in hole is connected with drill rod thread；The front end face of the front end insertion reamer of the small cylindrical opening, the punching nozzle is installed
The front end of small cylindrical opening in duct；It is in step transition, and small between the big mounting hole, small mounting hole and small cylindrical opening
It is fixed with packing ring on step surface in mounting hole, and the big mounting hole site is in slot portion, the inner of the slot nozzle
Connected with the rear portion of big mounting hole, be installed with annular retaining ring in the rear end of the big mounting hole, the big cylindrical section of the valve element and
Middle cylindrical section is slidably matched with big mounting hole and small mounting hole respectively, the bottom in the big cylindrical section front end of valve element and the big mounting hole in duct
Between pad spring is housed, under the action of the spring, the valve element is pushed against with back-up ring backward, and the big cylindrical section of the valve element is by slot
The inner closing of nozzle；When hydraulic pressure is increased, and hydraulic pressure overcomes the pressure promotion valve element forward movement of spring, the taper of the valve element
Small cylindrical opening is stretched into head front end, and the conical surface of conical head is pushed against with packing ring, duct closed front, the inner of the slot nozzle
Connected with big mounting hole.
3. integrated permeability improvement device is expanded-cut to coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-according to claim 1 or 2, its feature exists
In：The brill tooth rim is respectively and fixedly provided with abrasive grains in each front end for boring tooth to being evenly equipped with three, the abrasive grains by
Diamond particles are constituted, and the brill tooth is in fan-shaped column, and three abrasive grains are inlaid with each front end face for boring tooth.
4. integrated permeability improvement device is expanded-cut to coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：
The cornish bit is that the cornish bit on diamond blade, the reamer conical surface is circumferentially evenly equipped with three, and cornish bit is just right
The adjacent middle for boring space width.
5. integrated permeability improvement device is expanded-cut to coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
High pressure water circuit is connected with the one end of the drilling rod away from drill bit, the high pressure water circuit is included by leading that high-pressure water pipe is sequentially connected
Water tail connects, the first water pump, the first valve and the first sump, and the water guide tail, which connects, is fixedly connected on the one end of drilling rod away from drill bit,
Connected in water guide tail and the second valve is installed, first pressure table is installed on first water pump.
6. integrated permeability improvement device is expanded-cut to coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-according to claim 5, it is characterised in that：
Gas and water separator is also equipped with the drilling rod, the gas and water separator includes the tubulose leading portion docked by ring flange
And back segment, the drilling rod passed through from the centre bore of moisture trap, and rubber sleeve, the two ends of rubber sleeve are set with outside the leading portion
Sealing is fixed on leading portion, and air-filled pore is provided with the rear end of rubber sleeve；Two relative vias are provided with the middle part of section in the rear,
Extraction pipeline is installed on one of via of back segment, the 3rd valve and second pressure are installed on the extraction pipeline
Table；Outlet pipeline is connected with another via of back segment, the other end of the outlet pipeline is connected with the first sump；Described
The rear end of back segment is connected with sealing ring, and the seal ring set is on drilling rod.
7. integrated permeability improvement device is expanded-cut to coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-according to claim 6, it is characterised in that：
The second sump and the second water pump are there also is provided on the outlet pipeline, second water pump is located at the second sump and the first sump
Between.
8. the coal seam that integrated permeability improvement device is carried out is expanded-cut to a kind of high-pressure water jet of coal seam according to claim 7 punching-brill-
Integrated anti-reflection method is expanded-cut to high-pressure water jet punching-brill-, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) preparatory stage, rigging up, drilling rod and drill bit in down-hole drilling position, and materials clitter build the first sump and second
Sump, water is filled by the first sump, adjusts rig location arrangements high pressure water circuit, and water guide tail is connect is fixedly connected with drilling rod；
(2) pressure testing is crept into, and creeps into 1m；
(3) moisture trap is installed, the leading portion and back segment of moisture trap are enclosed on drilling rod, and leading portion is attached to drilling
It is interior, rubber sleeve expansion is fitted with borehole wall the rubber sleeve inflation being set with outside leading portion, two holes of back segment are adjusted to one
On once arrange, at via upward install extraction pipeline, at via directed downwardly connect outlet pipeline, then by leading portion with
Back segment is fixedly connected by ring flange；
(4) creep into, the first water pump is opened successively and rig is crept into, repeat drilling rod in drilling process and add to send propulsion, directly
Design requirement is met to drillable length；The second water pump on the extraction valve and outlet pipeline on extraction pipeline is opened simultaneously；
(5) the first water pump and the second valve are closed after the completion of hydraulic slotted liner technique, drilling construction, is moved back according to design slot scheme
Bore, move back during brill, when slot position needed for drill bit is retreated to, be again turned on the first water pump and rig, adjust the first water pump pressure
Power and the second valve, make High-Pressure Water pressure be more than hydraulic blow pressure when creeping into, and water under high pressure is sprayed from slot nozzle, with
Bit formation high pressure annular water flow to incising coal seam 1-2min, is then moved back and is got into next specified location and repeat to cut
Seam.
9. integrated anti-reflection method is expanded-cut to coal seam high-pressure water jet punching-brill-according to claim 8, it is characterised in that：
During drilling and hydraulic slotted liner technique, when water-coal-slurry amount reaches setting degree in the second sump, the second water pump is closed, in the second water
Appropriate coagulant is added in storehouse to accelerate the sinking speed of water and coal dust intermixture.
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| CN108843379B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-09-24 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | A kind of axial grooving release anti-reflection method of coal mine gas extraction borehole |
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