CN114352277B - Coal mine composite dynamic disaster prevention and control method based on controllable shock waves - Google Patents
Coal mine composite dynamic disaster prevention and control method based on controllable shock waves Download PDFInfo
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- CN114352277B CN114352277B CN202210053070.8A CN202210053070A CN114352277B CN 114352277 B CN114352277 B CN 114352277B CN 202210053070 A CN202210053070 A CN 202210053070A CN 114352277 B CN114352277 B CN 114352277B
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 87
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 60
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004047 hole gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 loosening blasting Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005012 migration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013508 migration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003313 weakening effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal mine composite dynamic disaster prevention and control method based on controllable shock waves, which comprises the steps of firstly arranging a plurality of drill holes on the inner side of a rear roadway in the tunneling process of a working face, and carrying out controllable shock wave fracturing; simultaneously setting drilling cuttings quantity monitoring points, and periodically monitoring drilling cuttings quantity at two sides of a roadway; and determining critical drilling cuttings quantity early warning values of the composite dynamic disasters according to drilling cuttings quantity data of the site composite dynamic disasters. And then injecting a high-concentration acetone solution into the drill hole to promote further development of the coal fracture, discharging the solution, and installing a gas extraction pipeline in the drill hole to extract gas. The coal seam is then again injected with a low concentration of acetone solution using the borehole. And finally, in the whole stoping process of the working face, the drilling cuttings amount at each position is monitored regularly, and the monitored drilling cuttings amount is always lower than 0.8 times of the early warning value by adjusting the concentration of the acetone solution. The invention reduces the risk of composite dynamic disasters and is beneficial to the safe exploitation of working surfaces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mine safety production, in particular to a coal mine composite dynamic disaster prevention and control method based on controllable shock waves.
Background
The coal and gas outburst and the rock burst are the most serious dynamic disasters in coal mining, and the coal and gas outburst and the rock burst disasters are serious because of complex geological conditions of coal beds in China. In shallow mining, dynamic disasters are usually represented by disasters with single rock burst caused by outburst of coal and gas, and interaction are not obvious. Along with the increase of the mining depth, rock burst disasters occur in the high-gas mine, the coal and the gas outburst mine, so that mine coal and the gas outburst and rock burst disasters coexist, the interaction between disasters is in an aggravated situation, and the composite dynamic disasters are represented. The idea and technology for respectively controlling the coal and the gas outburst and the rock burst cannot meet the requirements of controlling the dynamic disasters of the deep mines. Therefore, the deep mine takes coal, gas outburst and rock burst dynamic disasters as a whole for prevention and treatment, and becomes a great demand for safe and efficient mining of the deep mine coal.
At present, most coal mines respectively treat rock burst and coal and gas outburst disasters. For example, the prevention and treatment of coal and gas outburst mainly adopts mining protection layers, large-area pre-pumping of coal bed gas, coal bed water injection, loosening blasting, water conservancy punching and the like; the rock burst is mainly controlled by adopting drilling pressure relief, mining protection layers, roof loosening blasting, coal seam water injection and the like. The prior control technology rarely carries out cooperative control on rock burst and two disasters of coal and gas outburst.
The controllable shock wave is characterized in that the amplitude, impulse, action area and operation times are controlled conveniently, and the shock anti-reflection is carried out on the coal seam in a 'single-point repeated and multi-point continuous' mode in the coal seam drilling. The equipment arranged in the hole generates high-pressure pulse stress wave in water in the coal seam drilling hole, and then the high-pressure pulse stress wave acts on the coal seam in a mechanical energy form, so that the purposes of exciting and reforming the coal seam are achieved. After the coal body is presplitted by adopting the controllable shock wave, the coal body is broken and the blocked channel is dredged, so that a good migration channel is provided for gas extraction, the gas extraction efficiency can be effectively increased, and the coal and gas outburst risk is reduced. Meanwhile, the impact tendency of the coal is reduced, the stress state of the coal is improved, and the occurrence of composite dynamic disasters can be reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a coal mine composite dynamic disaster prevention and control method based on controllable shock waves.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a coal mine composite dynamic disaster prevention and control method based on controllable shock waves comprises the following steps:
step 1: the transportation gate way and the return air gate way of the working face are tunneled forwards, and in the tunnelling process, a plurality of drilling holes are formed in the inner side of the working face of the rear roadway, and controllable shock wave fracturing is carried out, wherein the process is as follows:
step 1.1: along with the forward tunneling of the working face, punching holes on the inner side coal body of the working face in the direction of the vertical coal wall of the rear working face transportation cis-slot and the return air cis-slot;
the distance between the holes is 15-25m, the diameter of the holes is 60-110mm, the length of the holes is (L/2-5) m, and L is the length of the working surface.
Step 1.2: the drill rod is used for conveying the shock wave equipment to a 1 st anti-reflection operation point at the bottom of the hole, sealing the hole, injecting clear water into the hole, and performing shock wave operation for 4-8 times on the operation point;
step 1.3: and (3) respectively backing the shock wave equipment to the 2 nd, 3 rd, … th and nth operation points in the hole by using the directional drilling machine, and repeating the step (1.2) until the anti-reflection operation of the last 1 th operation point of the hole, namely the nth operation point, is completed.
The spacing of the n operation points is 3-6m.
Step 2: drill cuttings quantity monitoring points are arranged on a transportation gate and a return gate of the working face, and the drill cuttings quantity in a 15m range at two sides of a roadway is monitored regularly; and according to the drill cuttings amount data of the site where the composite dynamic disaster occurs, determining the drill cuttings amount early warning index of the composite dynamic disaster, wherein the process is as follows:
step 2.1: a plurality of monitoring stations are arranged on a transportation gate way and a return air gate way of the working face to monitor the surrounding rock drilling cuttings at different depths regularly;
the setting interval of the plurality of monitoring stations is 30-50m;
step 2.2: and determining critical drilling cuttings quantity early warning indexes of the composite dynamic disaster according to drilling cuttings quantity data of the site where the composite dynamic disaster occurs.
Step 3: after the drill hole is fractured, withdrawing the shock wave generating equipment, installing a liquid injection pipeline, and sealing the drill hole; simultaneously, high-concentration acetone solution is injected into the holes, the injection time is 2-5 days, the injection pressure is 8-12MPa, and the further development of coal cracks is promoted;
step 4: after the set liquid injection time is reached, discharging liquid in the drill hole, installing a gas extraction pipeline in the drill hole, extracting gas from the working surface, reducing the gas pressure and the gas content of the working surface, and reducing the risk of coal and gas outburst;
step 5: during stoping of the working face, the working face is advanced by 200m, a gas extraction pipeline is withdrawn, a low-concentration acetone solution is injected into the coal bed by using the drill hole again, the acetone solution can react with coal chemically, pores and cracks are generated in the coal body, the strength of the coal body is reduced, the stress of the coal body is improved, and the danger of rock burst of the working face is reduced;
step 6: the whole process of stoping on the working face is carried out, and the drilling cuttings quantity at each position is monitored regularly; when the quantity of the drill cuttings is higher than 0.8 time of the early warning value, injecting a low-concentration acetone solution into the liquid injection hole until the quantity of the drill cuttings is lower than 0.8 time of the early warning value; and when the quantity of the drill cuttings is higher than the early warning value, injecting high-concentration acetone solution into the liquid injection hole until the quantity of the drill cuttings is lower than 0.8 time of the early warning value. The mass concentration of the acetone solution is 2-5% at high concentration, and the mass concentration of the acetone solution is 0.5-2% at low concentration.
The beneficial effects of adopting above-mentioned technical scheme to produce lie in:
1. the controllable shock wave method provided by the invention is coupled to the coal seam by the water medium, the coal seam is not only the object of shock wave operation, but also the medium for transmitting shock waves, the released energy sequentially forms shock wave bands, compression wave bands and elastic wave bands in the coal seam, and the modes such as cracking, tearing, high-strength elastic wave disturbance and the like act on the coal seam, so that the permeability of the coal seam is improved, and the gas desorption of the coal seam is promoted.
2. The method provided by the invention reduces the impact tendency of the coal body, releases the stress after weakening the coal body, and reduces the risk of outburst and rock burst of coal and gas. The acetone solution is adopted, so that the coal seam cracks are further developed, the strength is further reduced, the concentration of the acetone solution is changed, the coal seam stress is reduced below the impact dangerous value, and the risk of composite dynamic disasters is reduced.
3. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that rock burst and coal and gas outburst are cooperatively controlled, drilling is repeatedly utilized for operation, the operation is simple, the method is safe and reliable, the single-hole gas extraction rate can be effectively improved, the rock burst risk is reduced, and the method has wide practical value in the technical field.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for controlling coal mine composite dynamic disasters based on controllable shock waves in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the drilling position inside the working surface according to the embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a fracture generated by a controlled shock wave operation in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 is a working surface; 2-a transportation gate; 3-return air cis-slots; 4, drilling; 5-a roadway tunneling position; 6-controllable shockwave induced fracture.
Detailed Description
The following describes in further detail the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings and examples. The following examples are illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention aims at the coal mine with a certain rock burst and coal and gas outburst composite dynamic disasters to prevent and treat disasters. The inclined length of the working surface is 160m, the running length is 950m, and the burial depth is 780m. The average thickness of the coal bed is 3.8m, the uniaxial compressive strength is 15MPa, and most of the top and bottom plates are fine sandstone and sandy mudstone. The comprehensive mechanized caving coal mining method is adopted, and the goaf treatment mode is a natural caving method. In the working face exploitation process, the working face has higher dynamic disaster risk.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for controlling the coal mine composite dynamic disaster based on the controllable shock waves in the embodiment is as follows.
Step 1: the transportation gate way and the return air gate way of the working face are tunneled forwards, in the tunnelling process, a plurality of drill holes are formed in the inner side of the working face of the rear roadway, controllable shock wave fracturing is carried out, and the process is as follows:
step 1.1: along with the forward tunneling of the working face, holes are punched on the inner side coal body of the working face in the direction of the vertical coal wall of the rear working face transportation cis-slot and the return air cis-slot, as shown in fig. 2;
the distance between the holes is 20m, the diameter of the holes is 90mm, the length of the holes is 85m, and the length L of the working surface is 180m.
Step 1.2: the drill rod is used for conveying the shock wave equipment to a 1 st anti-reflection operation point at the bottom of the hole, sealing the hole, injecting clear water into the hole, performing shock wave operation on the operation point for 8 times, and the fracture situation generated by the shock wave operation is shown in figure 3;
step 1.3: and (3) respectively backing the shock wave equipment to the 2 nd, 3 rd, … th and 17 th operation points in the hole by using the directional drilling machine, and repeating the step (1.2) until the anti-reflection operation of the last 1 operation point of the hole, namely the 17 th operation point, is completed.
The interval of the n operation points is 5m.
Step 2: drill cuttings quantity monitoring points are arranged on a transportation gate and a return gate of the working face, and the drill cuttings quantity in a 15m range at two sides of a roadway is monitored regularly; and according to the drill cuttings amount data of the site where the composite dynamic disaster occurs, determining the drill cuttings amount early warning index of the composite dynamic disaster, wherein the process is as follows:
step 2.1: a plurality of monitoring stations are arranged on a transportation gate way and a return air gate way of the working face to monitor the surrounding rock drilling cuttings at different depths regularly;
the arrangement interval of the plurality of monitoring stations is 50m.
Step 2.2: and determining critical drilling cuttings quantity early warning indexes of the composite dynamic disaster according to drilling cuttings quantity data of the site where the composite dynamic disaster occurs.
In the embodiment, the early warning index for determining the drilling cuttings amount is 3.2Kg/m in combination with the occurrence condition of the on-site composite dynamic disaster.
Step 3: after the drill hole is fractured, withdrawing the shock wave generating equipment, installing a liquid injection pipeline, and sealing the drill hole; simultaneously, high-concentration acetone solution is injected into the holes to promote the further development of coal body cracks;
in this example, the injection pressure of the high-concentration acetone solution was 10MPa, and the injection time was 5 days.
Step 4: after the set liquid injection time is reached, discharging liquid in the drill hole, installing a gas extraction pipeline in the drill hole, extracting gas from the working surface, reducing the gas pressure and the gas content of the working surface, and reducing the risk of coal and gas outburst;
step 5: during stoping of the working face, the working face is advanced by 200m, a gas extraction pipeline is withdrawn, a low-concentration acetone solution is injected into the coal bed by using the drill hole again, the acetone solution can react with coal chemically, pores and cracks are generated in the coal body, the strength of the coal body is reduced, the stress of the coal body is improved, and the danger of rock burst of the working face is reduced;
in this embodiment, when the low-concentration acetone solution is injected into the coal seam again by using the drill hole, the liquid injection pipe is installed, and hole sealing is performed by using the hole packer, wherein the hole sealing length is 5m. The rubber pipe is connected with a water supply pipeline of the drilling hole, and low-concentration acetone solution is injected. High-pressure liquid injection is adopted, the liquid injection pressure is 8MPa, and the liquid injection time is 48 hours.
Step 6: the whole process of stoping on the working face is carried out, and the drilling cuttings quantity at each position is monitored regularly; when the quantity of the drill cuttings is higher than 0.8 time of the early warning value, injecting a low-concentration acetone solution into the liquid injection hole until the quantity of the drill cuttings is lower than 0.8 time of the early warning value; and when the quantity of the drill cuttings is higher than the early warning value, injecting a high-concentration acetone solution into the liquid injection hole until the quantity of the drill cuttings is lower than 0.8 time of the early warning value.
In this example, the acetone solution had a mass concentration of 5% at a high concentration and a mass concentration of 2% at a low concentration.
Claims (6)
1. The coal mine composite dynamic disaster prevention and control method based on the controllable shock waves is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step 1: the method comprises the steps that a transportation gate way and a return gate way of a working face are tunneled forwards, a plurality of drill holes are formed in the inner side of the working face of a rear roadway in the tunnelling process, and controllable shock wave fracturing is conducted;
step 2: drill cuttings quantity monitoring points are arranged on a transportation gate and a return gate of the working face, and the drill cuttings quantity in a 15m range at two sides of a roadway is monitored regularly; determining a drilling cuttings quantity early warning value of the composite dynamic disaster according to drilling cuttings quantity data of the site where the composite dynamic disaster occurs;
step 3: after the drill hole is fractured, withdrawing the shock wave generating equipment, installing a liquid injection pipeline, and sealing the drill hole; simultaneously, high-concentration acetone solution is injected into the holes, the injection time is 2-5 days, the injection pressure is 8-12MPa, and the further development of coal cracks is promoted;
step 4: after the set liquid injection time is reached, discharging liquid in the drill hole, installing a gas extraction pipeline in the drill hole, extracting gas from the working surface, reducing the gas pressure and the gas content of the working surface, and reducing the risk of coal and gas outburst;
step 5: when the working face is back mined, the working face is advanced by 200m, a gas extraction pipeline is withdrawn, a low-concentration acetone solution is injected into the coal seam by using a drill hole again, the acetone solution can react with coal chemically, pores and cracks are generated in the coal body, the strength of the coal body is reduced, the stress of the coal body is improved, and the danger of rock burst of the working face is reduced;
step 6: the whole process of stoping on the working face is carried out, and the drilling cuttings quantity at each position is monitored regularly; when the quantity of the drill cuttings is higher than 0.8 time of the early warning value, injecting a low-concentration acetone solution into the liquid injection hole until the quantity of the drill cuttings is lower than 0.8 time of the early warning value; when the quantity of the drill cuttings is higher than the early warning value, injecting a high-concentration acetone solution into the liquid injection hole until the quantity of the drill cuttings is lower than 0.8 time of the early warning value;
the high-concentration acetone solution is an acetone solution with the mass concentration of 2-5%, and the low-concentration acetone solution is an acetone solution with the mass concentration of 0.5-2%.
2. The method for controlling coal mine composite dynamic disasters based on controllable shock waves according to claim 1, wherein the process of the step 1 is as follows:
step 1.1: along with the forward tunneling of the working face, punching holes on the inner side coal body of the working face in the direction of the vertical coal wall of the rear working face transportation cis-slot and the return air cis-slot;
step 1.2: the drill rod is used for conveying the shock wave equipment to a 1 st anti-reflection operation point at the bottom of the hole, sealing the hole, injecting clear water into the hole, and performing shock wave operation for 4-8 times on the operation point;
step 1.3: and (3) respectively backing the shock wave equipment to the 2 nd, 3 rd, … th and nth operation points in the hole by using the directional drilling machine, and repeating the step (1.2) until the anti-reflection operation of the last 1 th operation point of the hole, namely the nth operation point, is completed.
3. The method for controlling coal mine composite dynamic disaster based on controllable shock waves according to claim 2, wherein the distance between holes in the step 1.1 is 15-25m, the diameter of each hole is 60-110mm, the length of each hole is (L/2) -5m, and L is the length of a working surface.
4. The method for controlling coal mine composite dynamic disasters based on controllable shock waves according to claim 2, wherein the spacing of n operation points in the step 1.3 is 3-6m.
5. The method for controlling coal mine composite dynamic disasters based on controllable shock waves according to claim 1, wherein the process of the step 2 is as follows:
step 2.1: a plurality of monitoring stations are arranged on a transportation gate way and a return air gate way of the working face to monitor the surrounding rock drilling cuttings at different depths regularly;
step 2.2: and determining a critical drilling cuttings quantity early warning value of the composite dynamic disaster according to drilling cuttings quantity data of the site where the composite dynamic disaster occurs.
6. The method for controlling coal mine composite dynamic disaster based on controllable shock waves according to claim 5, wherein the setting interval of the plurality of monitoring stations in the step 2.1 is 30-50m.
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CN114961684B (en) * | 2022-06-09 | 2023-06-20 | 中煤科工集团重庆研究院有限公司 | Coal seam anti-reflection and anti-impact collaborative continuous operation method with rock burst dangerous roof |
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