CN113045343A - Plate-frame sludge rapid composting treatment method without adding biomass auxiliary materials - Google Patents

Plate-frame sludge rapid composting treatment method without adding biomass auxiliary materials Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113045343A
CN113045343A CN202110482918.4A CN202110482918A CN113045343A CN 113045343 A CN113045343 A CN 113045343A CN 202110482918 A CN202110482918 A CN 202110482918A CN 113045343 A CN113045343 A CN 113045343A
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plate
sludge
composting
frame
temperature
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高爱华
闫富杰
黄克毅
张倩倩
常兴涛
刘迎旭
申书强
郭赛雅
郭红欣
肖文帅
李升�
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Zhengzhou Sewage Purification Co ltd
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Zhengzhou Sewage Purification Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F7/00—Fertilisers from waste water, sewage sludge, sea slime, ooze or similar masses
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
    • C05F—ORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C, e.g. FERTILISERS FROM WASTE OR REFUSE
    • C05F17/00—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation
    • C05F17/20—Preparation of fertilisers characterised by biological or biochemical treatment steps, e.g. composting or fermentation using specific microorganisms or substances, e.g. enzymes, for activating or stimulating the treatment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biotechnology (AREA)
  • Biochemistry (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Microbiology (AREA)
  • Molecular Biology (AREA)
  • Tropical Medicine & Parasitology (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
  • Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of aerobic composting of sludge, and discloses a plate-frame sludge rapid composting treatment method without adding biomass auxiliary materials, which comprises the following steps: crushing sludge with water content of 55-65% after being subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain plate-and-frame sludge particles with particle size not larger than 2 cm; adding the prepared acetic acid solution and the corrosion-promoting microbial inoculum into the plate-frame sludge particles to obtain a mixture; putting the mixture into a fermentation tank for composting fermentation, and turning and throwing for the first time when the temperature of a pile body rises to 55 ℃; after the first turning, when the temperature of the pile rises to 55 ℃ again, intermittent aeration is started, the turning frequency is 1 time per day, the pile is turned once every 2 days after 3-5 days of continuous composting, the turning and aeration are stopped after the temperature of the pile is reduced to below 40 ℃ and the temperature is not increased any more, and the fermentation is finished. The method has good composting effect and no pathogenic bacteria residue, and realizes the reduction, harmless and stable utilization of the plate-frame sludge.

Description

Plate-frame sludge rapid composting treatment method without adding biomass auxiliary materials
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of aerobic composting of sludge, and relates to a plate-frame sludge rapid composting treatment method without adding biomass auxiliary materials.
Background
Sludge is a semi-solid waste in nature as a by-product of sewage treatment by the activated sludge process. Sludge composting is an important means for making sludge harmless, reducing and recycling. The aerobic compost can convert the sludge which can not be directly used for agriculture into stable organic fertilizer and soil conditioner. The aerobic fermentation of sludge refers to a process of converting unstable organic matters into stable substances by oxidative decomposition of facultative and obligate microorganisms under external conditions of proper oxygen content, moisture and the like by utilizing the sufficient mixing of sludge and auxiliary materials for providing a carbon source. Wherein, the soluble substance directly enters into the cell for metabolism, and the insoluble organic substance enters into the cell after being decomposed under the action of extracellular enzyme. By the catabolism of microorganisms, a part of the dissolved organic matter is decomposed into H2O、CO2、NH3The small molecular substances are discharged into the air and release energy, and the other part of the small molecular substances synthesize substances needed by cells to promote the growth and the propagation of the small molecular substances.
In general, sludge used for aerobic composting of sludge is sludge with water content of about 80%, and auxiliary materials have the main functions of 1 reducing water content, 2 regulating C/N and 3 providing framework support for aerobic fermentation of sludge. The aerobic fermentation process can not be separated from the effect of the auxiliary materials, and the aerobic fermentation process can be smoothly carried out by mixing the auxiliary materials with a certain proportion and controlling the external conditions. The auxiliary materials are an indispensable part in the composting process, but the auxiliary materials are also the reason for the high production cost of the conventional sludge aerobic composting. The auxiliary materials are mostly biomass materials of agricultural wastes such as straws and corncobs, for example, the invention patent with the application publication number of CN 106746477A discloses a sludge treatment and resource utilization method for a town sewage treatment plant, the auxiliary materials adopted in the composting process are one or more of rice hulls, straws, mushroom residues, sawdust and household garbage, the supply of the auxiliary materials is seriously influenced by seasons, the production of many projects is seriously influenced due to insufficient supply of the auxiliary materials, and the composting fermentation time is as long as 15-30 days.
The plate-frame sludge is sludge subjected to plate-frame filter pressing, and the water content of the plate-frame sludge is reduced to about 60 percent and is solid. Relatively speaking, the sheet frame sludge compost has the defects of low reduction rate, poor compost fermentation effect, high cost and the like, and the sheet frame sludge is rarely used for composting in the prior art. But the yield of the plate frame sludge is also large, and serious secondary pollution can be caused if the plate frame sludge is not effectively utilized.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for quickly composting plate-frame sludge without adding biomass auxiliary materials, which solves the problems of reduction, harmlessness and stable utilization of the plate-frame sludge, and has good composting effect and no pathogenic bacteria residue.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention provides a plate-frame sludge rapid composting treatment method without adding biomass auxiliary materials, which comprises the following steps:
a. crushing the sludge with the water content of 55-65% after being subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain plate-and-frame sludge particles with the particle size of not more than 2 cm;
b. adding the prepared acetic acid solution and the corrosion-promoting microbial inoculum into the plate-frame sludge particles to obtain a mixture;
c. putting the mixture into a fermentation tank for composting fermentation, and turning and throwing for the first time when the temperature of a pile body rises to 55 ℃;
d. after the first turning, when the temperature of the pile rises to 55 ℃ again, intermittent aeration is started, the turning frequency is 1 time per day, the pile is turned once every 2 days after 3-5 days of continuous composting, the turning and aeration are stopped after the temperature of the pile is reduced to below 40 ℃ and the temperature is not increased any more, and the fermentation is finished.
Preferably, the adding mass ratio of the plate-frame sludge particles to the acetic acid solution is (125-200): 1; the adding mass ratio of the plate frame sludge particles to the corrosion-promoting microbial inoculum is (500-1000): 1.
Preferably, the air volume of the intermittent aeration is 2.7m3And/(ton of sludge), the duration of aeration is 5-10 s, and the frequency of aeration is 4-12 times/day.
Preferably, the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 50%.
Preferably, the decay promoting microbial inoculum is an organic material decay promoting microbial inoculum.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method adopts the liquid micromolecular substance acetic acid as the carbon source, has low price and can supply stably; auxiliary materials are not required to be added in the composting process, so that the production area and the production cost are saved; the composting effect is good, no pathogenic bacteria residue exists, and the reduction, the harmlessness and the stable utilization of the plate frame sludge are realized.
Detailed Description
The following examples are intended to illustrate the invention, but are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the examples are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. The test methods in the following examples are conventional methods unless otherwise specified.
The sludge adopted in the following examples is municipal sludge produced by a sewage treatment plant in a certain city, the water content is 55-65% after plate-and-frame filter pressing, and the organic matter content is 60%. The microbial inoculum is organic material (livestock and poultry manure) decomposition microbial inoculum of Hebei Ji microbial technology Limited company.
Example one
(1) 35kg of sludge with the water content of 60 percent after being subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing is crushed into plate-and-frame sludge particles with the particle size of not more than 2 cm. If the particles are too large, the stack body is not easy to preserve heat, and anaerobic fermentation can be caused due to internal oxygen deficiency.
(2) And adding 175g of prepared 50% acetic acid solution and 35g of corrosion-promoting microbial inoculum into the plate-frame sludge particles to obtain a mixture. The supplementary carbon source is an organic solvent instead of a biomass material, more nutrient substances are provided for fermentation, effective microorganisms are provided by the microbial inoculum, and the carbon source and the microbial inoculum are sufficiently and stably supplied.
(3) And (3) putting the mixture into a fermentation tank for composting fermentation, wherein the temperature needs to be kept because the pile is small, and the mixture is turned and thrown for the first time when the temperature of the pile is raised to 55 ℃.
Because gaps exist among sludge particles at the beginning, air can circulate in the sludge composting fermentation tank to provide oxygen for the initial stage of aerobic fermentation. It is worth to be noted that if the stack is turned at a low temperature (less than 50 ℃), the temperature drops more after turning, which is not favorable for heat preservation of the stack, and if the temperature is high, if the stack is heated to 60-70 ℃, oxygen is insufficient, anaerobic fermentation is likely to occur in the stack, so the turning temperature is set at 55 ℃. In the composting and fermenting period of the embodiment, the composting and fermenting period is winter, the environment temperature is about 15 ℃ because the composting and fermenting period is indoor, the temperature of the compost in the fermenting tank is raised to 55 ℃ within about 24 hours, and the first turning and throwing are carried out at the moment. If the compost fermentation period is summer, the environmental temperature is 30-35, the temperature of the compost in the fermentation tank is raised to 55 ℃ within about 12 hours, and the first turning is carried out.
(4) After the first turning, the temperature of the stack body rises to 55 ℃ again, and the intermittent aeration is started, wherein the air volume of the intermittent aeration is 2.7m3And/(ton of sludge), the duration of aeration is 5s, the frequency of aeration is 4 times/day, and the frequency of turning over is 1 time/day. The high temperature period of 55 ℃ lasts for 3.5 days, the stack is turned and thrown once every 2 days after 3.5 days, and turning and aeration are stopped after the temperature of the stack is reduced to be below 40 ℃ and the temperature is not increased any more. The whole composting process is about two weeks, after fermentation is completed, the weight of plate frame sludge is 18kg, the reduction rate reaches 51%, the water content is reduced to 38%, and no pathogenic bacteria are left.
Sampling after composting, and measuring the germination index of the pakchoi seeds by referring to a method for measuring the germination index of the seeds in sludge disposal and landscaping for urban sewage treatment plants (GB/T23486-2009), wherein the results show that: the Germination Index (GI) of the seeds is 86.2 percent, the GI value is more than 80 percent, and the seeds are considered to have no phytotoxicity and completely meet the rotten requirement.
Example two
(1) 500kg of sludge with the water content of 60 percent after being subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing is crushed into plate-and-frame sludge particles with the particle size of not more than 2 cm.
(2) 2500g of prepared acetic acid solution with the concentration of 50% and 200g of corrosion-promoting bacteria agent are added into the plate frame sludge particles to obtain a mixture.
(3) Putting the mixture into a fermentation tank for composting fermentation, and turning and throwing for the first time when the temperature of a pile body rises to 55 ℃.
(4) After the first turning, the temperature of the stack body rises to 55 ℃ again, and the intermittent aeration is started, wherein the air volume of the intermittent aeration is 2.7m3And/(ton of sludge), the duration of aeration is 10s, the frequency of aeration is 12 times/day, and the frequency of turning over is 1 time/day. The 55 ℃ high-temperature period lasts for 5 days, the stack is turned and thrown once every 2 days after 5 days, turning and aeration are stopped after the temperature of the stack is reduced to below 40 ℃ and the temperature is not increased any more, the weight of the plate frame sludge is 240kg after two weeks of composting, the reduction rate reaches 52%, the water content is reduced to 35%, and no pathogenic bacteria are left.
Comparative example
Returning materials (mixed materials after common compost fermentation), volcanic rocks, microbial inoculum, acetic acid, glucose, microbial inoculum + acetic acid, microbial inoculum + glucose are respectively added into 35kg of plate-frame sludge for comparison tests. The test parameters and the composting effect are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1 composting effect of different additives
Figure BDA0003049082920000041
As can be seen from table 1, when a single volcanic rock, microbial inoculum, acetic acid and glucose are used as additives, the maximum temperature of the composting process does not reach 55 ℃, the time for the combination of microbial inoculum and acetic acid to reach 55 ℃ is shortest, and the plate-and-frame sludge: acetic acid: when the microbial inoculum is 1000:5:1, the duration of the high-temperature period at 55 ℃ is longest; although plate-frame sludge: acetic acid: the microbial inoculum is 1000:8:1 and the plate frame sludge: acetic acid: the water content of the microbial inoculum is 1000:5:1, the water content is the same after fermentation, but the carbon source consumption is large, the duration time of a 55 ℃ high-temperature period is not the longest, and in consideration of cost factors, plate-frame sludge is preferably selected: acetic acid: the microbial inoculum is the combination of 1000:5: 1.
The above-mentioned embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and it should be understood that other embodiments may be easily made by those skilled in the art by replacing or changing the technical contents disclosed in the specification, and therefore, all changes and modifications that are made on the principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. A plate-frame sludge rapid composting treatment method without adding biomass auxiliary materials is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a. crushing sludge with water content of 55-65% after being subjected to plate-and-frame filter pressing to obtain plate-and-frame sludge particles with particle size not larger than 2 cm;
b. adding the prepared acetic acid solution and the corrosion-promoting microbial inoculum into the plate-frame sludge particles to obtain a mixture;
c. putting the mixture into a fermentation tank for composting fermentation, and turning and throwing for the first time when the temperature of a pile body rises to 55 ℃;
d. after the first turning, when the temperature of the pile rises to 55 ℃ again, intermittent aeration is started, the turning frequency is 1 time per day, the pile is turned once every 2 days after 3-5 days of continuous composting, the turning and aeration are stopped after the temperature of the pile is reduced to below 40 ℃ and the temperature is not increased any more, and the fermentation is finished.
2. The method for rapidly composting the plate-frame sludge without adding the biomass auxiliary materials according to claim 1, wherein the adding mass ratio of the plate-frame sludge particles to the acetic acid solution is (125-200): 1; the adding mass ratio of the plate frame sludge particles to the corrosion-promoting microbial inoculum is (500-1000): 1.
3. The method for the rapid composting of the plate-and-frame sludge without adding the biomass auxiliary material according to claim 1, wherein the intermittent aeration air volume is 2.7m3/(ton)Sludge), the duration of aeration is 5-10 s, and the frequency of aeration is 4-12 times/day.
4. The method for the rapid composting of plate-and-frame sludge without adding biomass auxiliary materials according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the acetic acid solution is 50%.
5. The method for the rapid composting of the plate-frame sludge without adding the biomass auxiliary material according to claim 1, wherein the decay promoting microbial inoculum is an organic material decay promoting microbial inoculum.
CN202110482918.4A 2021-04-30 2021-04-30 Plate-frame sludge rapid composting treatment method without adding biomass auxiliary materials Pending CN113045343A (en)

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Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101367678A (en) * 2008-09-27 2009-02-18 哈尔滨工业大学 Amendment and uses of the same in sludge composting
CN110451728A (en) * 2019-08-20 2019-11-15 上海市市政规划设计研究院有限公司 A kind of multiple spot sludge exteenal reflux enhancing biological carbon and phosphorous removal group technology

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101367678A (en) * 2008-09-27 2009-02-18 哈尔滨工业大学 Amendment and uses of the same in sludge composting
CN110451728A (en) * 2019-08-20 2019-11-15 上海市市政规划设计研究院有限公司 A kind of multiple spot sludge exteenal reflux enhancing biological carbon and phosphorous removal group technology

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Application publication date: 20210629