CN102173895B - Method for performing quick anaerobic fermentation on chicken manure by supplying carbon source by using straws - Google Patents
Method for performing quick anaerobic fermentation on chicken manure by supplying carbon source by using straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN102173895B CN102173895B CN2011100055797A CN201110005579A CN102173895B CN 102173895 B CN102173895 B CN 102173895B CN 2011100055797 A CN2011100055797 A CN 2011100055797A CN 201110005579 A CN201110005579 A CN 201110005579A CN 102173895 B CN102173895 B CN 102173895B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for performing quick anaerobic fermentation on chicken manure by supplying a carbon source by using straws. The fermentation method of composting the straws and then mixing the straws with the chicken manure comprises the following steps of: crushing the harvested straws by a manual or mechanical method, wherein the crushed straws are 1 to 2 centimeters in length; wetting the crushed straws according to the weight ratio of the material to the water of 1:2 with an inoculum; stirring and sealing to compost for 3 to 7 days; throwing the composted mixture of the straws and the inoculum into a fermentation tank; adding a proper amount of fresh chicken manure and adding water to prepare a mixture with the water content of about 91 to 95 percent; and performing wet type anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 35+/-5 DEG C under stirring to produce methane, wherein the methane is produced within 12 hours during fermentation and the fermentation time is 12 hours to 5 days. By the method, the methane yield of the chicken manure is increased; gas-producing speed is increased; acidification is performed difficultly; and straw solid content and chicken manure solid content can be further reduced. The method has the advantages of quick response, low cost, simple using method, easiness in popularization and the like and can be popularized and applied.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quick anaerobic fermentation method of chicken manure that utilizes the stalk supplementary carbon source, belong to the anaerobic fermentation technology of feces of livestock and poultry.
Background technology
Mass-producing at present, intensive culture field are just flourish, and the feces of livestock and poultry produced also has influence on daily life more and more.Chicken manure is one of pollutent of feeding chicken in largely scale field generation; because chicken manure often contains a large amount of pathogenic bacterias and insect ovum; without too high harmless treatment, directly be manured into soil; easily cause insect ovum, pathogenic bacteria to be propagated; and its contained volatile nitrogen content is higher; the peripheral environment such as air have been caused to very large impact, so active demand is carried out harmless tastelessization processing to chicken manure.The processing of livestock and poultry animal ight soil at present mainly adopts anaerobic digestion techniques, also claims anaerobically fermenting.
Anaerobic digestion techniques (Anaerobic digestion technique) refers under anaerobic environment, utilizes the vital movement of anaerobion, various organism is converted into to the process of methane and carbon dioxide etc.With aerobic treatment, compare, removal effect ideal when anaerobic digestion techniques is dirty for the treatment of the organic excrement of high density, the BOD clearance can reach more than 90%, COD clearance 70%-90%; Can reclaim the power generation biogas stored in pollutent, the rate of recovery can reach more than 80% simultaneously.Also having unique degradation capability for some hard-degraded substance and toxic organic compound in addition, can transform and remove the lower concentration toxic substance, and effectively kill pathogenic bacteria and insect ovum, is the effective way of removing livestock and poultry fecaluria source of pollution.Therefore anaerobically fermenting is that fowl and animal excrement is processed the upper the most a kind of method that adopts.
Take in the anaerobic fermentation process that chicken manure is substrate, because nitrogen content in chicken manure is higher, the carbon content level is relatively low, causes the carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermented product lower, is unfavorable for the chicken manure anaerobically fermenting, improve carbon-nitrogen ratio if can supplement certain carbon source, be conducive to carrying out smoothly of anaerobically fermenting.The field-crop stalk is a kind of desirable carbon source fill-in.China rural area approximately produces 7 * 10 every year
8the agricultural crop straw of t left and right, crop material contains abundant organic carbon source, nitrogen phosphorus potassium and Trace Elements.If stalk is mixed with chicken manure and carries out anaerobically fermenting, can be by regulating the carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermented product, for the anaerobically fermenting microorganism provides good growing environment, improve the surge capability of anaerobic system, make in fermenting process system pH value relatively stable, the acidifying phenomenon occurred because of the less acidication stage product accumulation of carbon source while avoiding chicken manure to ferment separately, promote fermenting process, improves whole gas producing efficiency.Except a small amount of stalk is used as animal feed, farm manure and rural area fuel, most of stalks are stacked or are directly burned at present, not only biomass resource waste, and caused serious problem of environmental pollution.Stalk and chicken manure mixed fermentation can solve environmental pollution that crop straw burning causes and the chicken manure problems such as the easy acidifying gas production rate of fermentation is not high separately simultaneously, for the anaerobically fermenting of chicken manure class feces of livestock and poultry provides a kind of feasible solution.
At present, relate to the few in number of chicken manure stalk hybrid anaerobic fermentation in research for the mixed fermentation of ight soil crop, and relevant chicken manure stalk fermentation mixes the multiplex composite organic fertilizer of making, improve biogas output for chicken manure stalk hybrid anaerobic fermentation and rarely have report.As the patent No. is CN 101413015A(200810235526.2) patent a kind of method that spartina alterniflora loisel of utilization and cattle manure produce biogas is disclosed.This invention mixes spartina alterniflora loisel and cow dung by suitable proportion, anaerobically fermenting is carried out in inoculation; The anaerobically fermenting temperature is controlled at 35 ± 2 ℃, in fermenting process, fermented product is stirred, and in fermentation 24h, can produce biogas.And for example the patent No. is CN 1900025A(200510085401.2) a kind of method of producing the compoiste fertilizer medicine with anaerobic fermented crop grass disclosed, the fermented product that the method utilizes the mixture of farm crop and stalk and animal excrement and inferior tobacco leaf powder, tea seed cake powder, tuber of stemona powder to form carries out anaerobically fermenting, allocates urea, potassium primary phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, ferrous sulfate, boric acid, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate into by the natural pond slag after fermentation and forms organic composite medicine fertilizer.The two does not all relate to the field that the chicken manure stalk anaerobic fermentation produces biogas, continuous generation biogas is not especially arranged and to the method for stalk and the efficient decrement of chicken manure solid content.
The invention provides the method for a kind of stalk chicken manure mixed fermentation, improve carbon-nitrogen ratio by the stalk of introducing suitable proportion in chicken manure and carry out anaerobically fermenting, realize carrying out smoothly of chicken manure anaerobically fermenting.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is the problems such as deficiency in order to overcome prior art chicken manure fermenting gas production rate and the easy acidifying of fermenting process, a kind of method of utilizing chicken manure and stalk mixed fermentation to produce biogas is provided, the method can improve chicken manure anaerobically fermenting transformation efficiency.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: utilize stalk and chicken manure hybrid anaerobic fermentation to produce the method for biogas, wherein adding for improving the carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed fermentation thing of stalk, complete smoothly to impel anaerobic fermentation process.The fermentation mode that adopts the first stack retting of stalk to mix with chicken manure again, or in the chicken manure fermenting process, add the mode of stalk to carry out hybrid anaerobic fermentation.
Add stalk and the chicken manure of inoculum to keep the skin wet; The water ratio of fermentation materials (mass ratio, lower same) is adjusted to 91%-95%, carry out the wet type producing methane through anaerobic fermentation.
Anaerobically fermenting temperature of the present invention is 35 ± 5 ℃, especially 35 ± 1 ℃ of the bests.Regulate pH to 7.0-7.5; Inoculum be selected from the bottom of manure pit sediment, methane-generating pit natural pond slag and black cloaca mud at least one or more.
Can add microorganism to carry out biological reinforced, microorganism can be by composite acquisition.
The fermentation process that the first stack retting of stalk mixes with chicken manure again is as follows: harvested stalk is pulverized with artificial or mechanical means, and length is at 1-2cm; Stalk after pulverizing is added to inoculum by material water weight ratio 1:2 wetting, sealing stack retting 3-7 days after stirring; Stalk and inoculum mixture that stack retting is good drop in fermentor tank, add the proper amount of fresh chicken manure, add the mixture that water is deployed into water ratio 91%-95% left and right, carry out the wet type producing methane through anaerobic fermentation; The anaerobically fermenting temperature is carried out at 35 ± 5 ℃, in fermenting process, fermentation is stirred, and in fermentation 12h, produces biogas, fermentation time 12h to 5 day.Inoculum be selected from the bottom of manure pit sediment, methane-generating pit natural pond slag and black cloaca mud at least one or more.
The fermentation mode that can adopt the first stack retting of stalk to mix with chicken manure again, or in the chicken manure fermenting process, add the mode of stalk to carry out hybrid anaerobic fermentation.
The step of the fermentation that the first stack retting of stalk mixes with chicken manure again is: harvested stalk is pulverized with artificial or mechanical means, and length is at 1-2cm; Stalk after pulverizing is added to inoculum by material water weight ratio 1:2 wetting, sealing stack retting 3-7 days after stirring.Stalk and inoculum mixture that stack retting is good drop in fermentor tank, add the proper amount of fresh chicken manure, add the mixture that water is deployed into water ratio 91%-95% left and right.Carry out the wet type producing methane through anaerobic fermentation; The anaerobically fermenting temperature is carried out at 35 ± 5 ℃, in fermenting process, fermentation is stirred, and in fermentation 12h, produces biogas, fermentation time 12h to 5 day.
The step that adds the mode of stalk to carry out hybrid anaerobic fermentation in the chicken manure fermenting process is: the fresh chicken manure of getting chicken house is appropriate, adds the mixture that water is deployed into water ratio 91%-94% left and right, adds in fermentor tank; Add the inoculum that accounts for chicken manure and water mixture volume 5-10%, 35 ± 5 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, after 3 days, add quantitative stalk, and add water and be adjusted to water ratio 91-95%, mix; 35 ± 5 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, and timing agitation, anti-corrosive type gas meter record gas yield, and connect airbag or gas holder collection biogas.
In two kinds of fermentation modes, add microbiobacterial agent to carry out biological reinforced.Microbiobacterial agent can be by composite the forming of anaerobic digestion process key function bacterial classification, mainly comprise intestinal bacteria (
escherichia.coli), wood mould (
trichoderma virens), Pseudomonas fluorescens (
pseudomonas fluorescens) and subtilis (
bacillus subtilis) etc. its weight part be respectively escherichia coli fermented broth 1 ~ 12 weight part, wooden mould fermented liquid 2 ~ 12 weight parts, Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 1 ~ 15 weight part, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 4 ~ 15 weight parts; Living bacteria count in 4 kinds of fermented liquids is respectively all more than 1,000,000,000/milliliter.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art:
(1) there is the advantages such as quick-acting, long-acting, that cost is low, using method is simple, be easy to popularize.
(2) adopt the method to add microbiobacterial agent to carry out biological reinforced, the chicken manure aerogenesis is respond well, and after 35 ± 5 ℃ of middle temperature add stalk, the gas production rate of chicken manure improves greatly, and the aerogenesis total amount does not more add stalk and improves 80%-120%.
(3) after adopting the method, fermentor tank adopts continuously-running duty, can guarantee fermentor tank aerogenesis life-time service, and the difficult acidifying phenomenon that occurs of fermenting process obvious decay do not appear, in the effect of biogas production.
(4) method of utilizing this invention to provide is processed chicken manure stalk mixture, and after anaerobically fermenting, the solid content decrement can be brought up to 40% left and right.
In a word, the present invention produces biogas and continuously to the method for stalk and the efficient decrement of chicken manure solid content.Be applicable to efficient anaerobic fermentation Treating straw chicken manure, and take full advantage of the various stalk materials of agricultural production, avoid the burning of stalk.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of method schematic diagram of chicken manure stalk of the present invention mixed fermentation
Fig. 2 is chicken manure stalk mixed fermentation another kind method schematic diagram of the present invention.
embodiment:
Application method one:
Adopt the first stack retting of stalk again with the process of chicken manure mixed fermentation.The present invention is applied to make the anaerobically fermenting that the chicken manure stalk is raw material, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) select a certain amount of rice straw polluted without toxic substance, pulverize with artificial or mechanical means, length is at 1-2cm.
(2) stalk after fragmentation is added to inoculum by material water weight ratio 1:2 wetting, sealing stack retting 3-7 days after stirring.
(3) by stack retting, good stalk and inoculum mixture drops in fermentor tank, adds the proper amount of fresh chicken manure, adds the mixture that water is deployed into water ratio 91%-95% left and right, regulates pH to 7.0-7.5.
(4) add 1-5 ‰ (volume) microbiobacterial agent to carry out the anaerobic fermentation of biological strengthening, microbiobacterial agent can be by escherichia coli fermented broth 1 ~ 12 weight part, mould fermented liquid 2 ~ 12 weight parts of wood, Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 1 ~ 15 weight part, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 4 ~ 15 weight parts combine.。
(5) stir, capping, 35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, anti-corrosive type gas meter record gas yield, and connect airbag or gas holder collection biogas.
Natural pond slag, black cloaca mud etc. at the bottom of above-described inoculum employing manure pit sediment, methane-generating pit.Stalk and chicken manure treatment capacity are determined according to the actual treatment demand.
Application method two:
The fermentation process of quantitative stalk is added in employing in the chicken manure anaerobic fermentation process.
(1) get the fresh chicken manure of chicken house appropriate, add the mixture that water is deployed into water ratio 91%-95% left and right, add in fermentor tank.
(2) add the inoculum that accounts for chicken manure and water mixture volume 5-10%, regulate pH to 7.0-7.5.
(3) 35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, after 3 days, add quantitative stalk, and add water and be adjusted to water ratio 91-95%, mix.
(4) add 1-5 ‰ (volume) microbiobacterial agent, microbiobacterial agent can be by escherichia coli fermented broth 1 ~ 12 weight part, mould fermented liquid 2 ~ 12 weight parts of wood, Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 1 ~ 15 weight part, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 4 ~ 15 weight parts combine.(5) 35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, and timing agitation, anti-corrosive type gas meter record gas yield, and connect airbag or gas holder collection biogas.
Natural pond slag, black cloaca mud etc. at the bottom of above-described inoculum employing manure pit sediment, methane-generating pit.Stalk and chicken manure treatment capacity are determined according to the actual treatment demand.
embodiment 1:
(1) select the rice straw 160kg polluted without toxic substance, pulverize with artificial or mechanical means, length is at 1-2cm.Stalk after fragmentation is added to inoculum by material water weight ratio 1:2 wetting, sealing stack retting 5-6 days after composition stirs.
(2) by stack retting, good stalk and inoculum mixture drops in fermentor tank, adds fresh chicken manure 1300 kg of water ratio 80%, adds the mixture that water is deployed into water ratio 94% left and right, regulates pH to 7.2.
(3) add composite high-effective microorganism microbial inoculum 2 ‰ (volume), microbiobacterial agent is by escherichia coli fermented broth 3 weight parts, wooden mould fermented liquid 5 weight parts, and Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 2 weight parts, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 8 weight parts combine.Stir, capping, 35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, anti-corrosive type gas meter record gas yield, and connect airbag or gas holder collection biogas.
Natural pond slag, black cloaca mud etc. at the bottom of above-described inoculum employing manure pit sediment, methane-generating pit.
embodiment 2:
(1) get fresh chicken manure 1200 kg of chicken house, add the mixture that water is deployed into water ratio 94% left and right, add in fermentor tank.
(2) add the inoculum that accounts for chicken manure and water mixture volume 10%, regulate pH to 7.3.
(3) 35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings are after 3 days, add stalk 240 kg that after pulverizing, length is 1-2cm, and add water and be adjusted to water ratio 91-92%, mix.
(4) add composite high-effective microorganism microbial inoculum 3 ‰ (volume), microbiobacterial agent can be by escherichia coli fermented broth 5 weight parts, wooden mould fermented liquid 8 weight parts, and Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 9 weight parts, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 6 weight parts combine.Stir, capping.35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, and timing agitation, anti-corrosive type gas meter record gas yield, and connect airbag collection biogas.
Natural pond slag, black cloaca mud etc. at the bottom of above-described inoculum employing manure pit sediment, methane-generating pit.
Claims (3)
1. utilize the quick anaerobic fermentation method of chicken manure of stalk supplementary carbon source, it is characterized in that utilizing stalk and chicken manure hybrid anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, wherein adding for improving the carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed fermentation thing of stalk, complete smoothly to impel anaerobic fermentation process; The fermentation mode that adopts the first stack retting of stalk to mix with chicken manure again, pulverize harvested stalk with artificial or mechanical means, length is at 1-2cm; Stalk after pulverizing is added to inoculum by material water weight ratio 1:2 wetting, sealing stack retting 3-7 days after stirring; Stalk and inoculum mixture that stack retting is good drop in fermentor tank, add the proper amount of fresh chicken manure, add the mixture that water is deployed into water ratio 91%-95%, carry out the wet type producing methane through anaerobic fermentation; The anaerobically fermenting temperature is carried out at 35 ± 5 ℃, in fermenting process, is stirred, and in fermentation 12h, produces biogas, fermentation time 12h to 5 day; Inoculum be selected from the bottom of manure pit sediment, methane-generating pit natural pond slag and black cloaca mud at least one.
2. the quick anaerobic fermentation method of chicken manure that utilizes the stalk supplementary carbon source according to claim 1, is characterized in that the anaerobically fermenting temperature is 35 ± 5 ℃; Regulate pH to 7.0-7.5; Inoculum be selected from the bottom of manure pit sediment, methane-generating pit natural pond slag and black cloaca mud at least one.
3. the quick anaerobic fermentation method of chicken manure that utilizes the stalk supplementary carbon source according to claim 1, is characterized in that adding microorganism to carry out biological reinforced, and microorganism is by composite acquisition.
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Families Citing this family (6)
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| CN102746041A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2012-10-24 | 扬州展鹏肥业有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by using rice straws and livestock and poultry manures |
| CN102996232A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-03-27 | 贵州泰然环境科技有限责任公司 | Marsh gas power generation method |
| CN102994560A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-03-27 | 贵州泰然环境科技有限责任公司 | Method for producing methane by chicken manure in chicken house by means of anaerobic fermentation |
| CN104118937B (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2015-11-04 | 南京大学 | A kind of water caltrop fermented liquid is improving the application in sewage disposal denitrification denitrogenation ability |
| CN104690067B (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2016-10-05 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of energy grass and the resource utilization method of fowl and animal excrement |
| CN112501214B (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2022-05-17 | 北京建筑大学 | Two-phase anaerobic treatment system and method for reinforcing wet garbage in villages and towns |
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| CN101691586A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-04-07 | 南京工业大学 | Method for efficiently and rapidly producing marsh gas by anaerobic fermentation of crop straws |
| CN101857882A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-10-13 | 天津市环境保护科学研究院 | Process for producing biogas by two-stage anaerobic fermentation of crop stalk or livestock excrement |
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1368487A (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2002-09-11 | 张显军 | Formula and process for preparing efficient biological organic (or semi-organic) fertilizer |
| CN101337757A (en) * | 2007-07-03 | 2009-01-07 | 李明华 | Method for preparing bio anaerobic effusion methane by dry fermentation |
| CN101691586A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-04-07 | 南京工业大学 | Method for efficiently and rapidly producing marsh gas by anaerobic fermentation of crop straws |
| CN101857882A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-10-13 | 天津市环境保护科学研究院 | Process for producing biogas by two-stage anaerobic fermentation of crop stalk or livestock excrement |
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