CN102173895A - Method for performing quick anaerobic fermentation on chicken manure by supplying carbon source by using straws - Google Patents
Method for performing quick anaerobic fermentation on chicken manure by supplying carbon source by using straws Download PDFInfo
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- CN102173895A CN102173895A CN2011100055797A CN201110005579A CN102173895A CN 102173895 A CN102173895 A CN 102173895A CN 2011100055797 A CN2011100055797 A CN 2011100055797A CN 201110005579 A CN201110005579 A CN 201110005579A CN 102173895 A CN102173895 A CN 102173895A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for performing quick anaerobic fermentation on chicken manure by supplying a carbon source by using straws. The fermentation method of composting the straws and then mixing the straws with the chicken manure comprises the following steps of: crushing the harvested straws by a manual or mechanical method, wherein the crushed straws are 1 to 2 centimeters in length; wetting the crushed straws according to the weight ratio of the material to the water of 1:2 with an inoculum; stirring and sealing to compost for 3 to 7 days; throwing the composted mixture of the straws and the inoculum into a fermentation tank; adding a proper amount of fresh chicken manure and adding water to prepare a mixture with the water content of about 91 to 95 percent; and performing wet type anaerobic fermentation at the temperature of 35+/-5 DEG C under stirring to produce methane, wherein the methane is produced within 12 hours during fermentation and the fermentation time is 12 hours to 5 days. By the method, the methane yield of the chicken manure is increased; gas-producing speed is increased; acidification is performed difficultly; and straw solid content and chicken manure solid content can be further reduced. The method has the advantages of quick response, low cost, simple using method, easiness in popularization and the like and can be popularized and applied.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quick anaerobic fermentation method of chicken manure that utilizes the stalk supplementary carbon source, belong to the anaerobic fermentation technology of feces of livestock and poultry.
Background technology
Mass-producing at present, intensive culture field are just flourish, and the feces of livestock and poultry that is produced also has influence on daily life more and more.Chicken manure is one of pollutent of mass-producing poulty house generation; because of chicken manure often contains a large amount of pathogenic bacterias and insect ovum; directly be manured into soil without too high harmless treatment; easily cause insect ovum, pathogenic bacteria to be propagated; and its contained volatile nitrogen content is higher; environment such as air to periphery have caused very big influence, so active demand is carried out harmless tastelessization processing to chicken manure.Anaerobic digestion techniques is mainly adopted in the processing of livestock and poultry animal ight soil at present, also claims anaerobically fermenting.
Anaerobic digestion techniques (Anaerobic digestion technique) is meant under anaerobic environment, utilizes the vital movement of anaerobion, various organism is converted into the process of methane and carbonic acid gas etc.Compare with aerobic treatment, anaerobic digestion techniques is used to handle the organic excrement of high density removal effect ideal when dirty, and the BOD clearance can reach more than 90%, COD clearance 70%-90%; Can reclaim energy stored generation biogas in the pollutent simultaneously, the rate of recovery can reach more than 80%.Also having unique degradation capability for some hard-degraded substance and toxic organic compound in addition, can transform and remove the lower concentration toxic substance, and effectively kill pathogenic bacteria and insect ovum, is the effective way of removing livestock and poultry fecaluria source of pollution.Therefore anaerobically fermenting is that fowl and animal excrement is handled the most a kind of method that adopts that goes up.
Be in the anaerobic fermentation process of substrate with the chicken manure, the carbon content level is relatively low owing to nitrogen content in the chicken manure is higher, causes the carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermented product lower, is unfavorable for the chicken manure anaerobically fermenting, improve carbon-nitrogen ratio if can replenish certain carbon source, then help carrying out smoothly of anaerobically fermenting.The field-crop stalk is a kind of ideal carbon source fill-in.China rural area produces 7 * 10 every year approximately
8Agricultural crop straw about t, crop material contain abundant organic carbon source, nitrogen phosphorus potassium and micro-composition.Stalk if can be mixed with chicken manure and carry out anaerobically fermenting, can be by regulating the carbon-nitrogen ratio of fermented product, for the anaerobically fermenting microorganism provides good growing environment, improve the surge capability of anaerobic system, make in the fermenting process system's pH value relatively stable, the acidifying phenomenon that occurs because of the less acidication stage product accumulation of carbon source when avoiding chicken manure to ferment separately promotes fermenting process, improves whole gas producing efficiency.Except that a small amount of stalk was used as animal feed, farm manure and rural area fuel, most of stalks were stacked or are directly burned at present, not only biomass resource waste, and caused the serious environmental pollution problem.Stalk and chicken manure mixed fermentation can solve environmental pollution that crop straw burning causes and chicken manure problems such as the easy acidifying gas production rate of fermentation is not high separately simultaneously, for the anaerobically fermenting of chicken manure class feces of livestock and poultry provides a kind of feasible solution.
At present, relate to the few in number of chicken manure stalk hybrid anaerobic fermentation in the research for the mixed fermentation of ight soil crop, and relevant chicken manure stalk fermentation mixing is used for making composite organic fertilizer more, improves biogas output for chicken manure stalk hybrid anaerobic fermentation and rarely has report.As the patent No. is CN 101413015A(200810235526.2) patent disclosure a kind of method of utilizing spartina alterniflora loisel and cattle manure to produce biogas.This invention mixes spartina alterniflora loisel and cow dung by suitable proportion, anaerobically fermenting is carried out in inoculation; The anaerobically fermenting temperature is controlled at 35 ± 2 ℃, in the fermenting process fermented product is stirred, and can produce biogas in the fermentation 24h.And for example the patent No. is CN 1900025A(200510085401.2) a kind of method of producing the compoiste fertilizer medicine with anaerobic fermented crop grass disclosed, the fermented product that this method utilizes the mixture of farm crop and stalk and animal excrement and inferior tobacco leaf powder, tea seed cake powder, tuber of stemona powder to form carries out anaerobically fermenting, allocates urea, potassium primary phosphate, vitriolate of tartar, ferrous sulfate, boric acid, manganous sulfate, copper sulfate, zinc sulfate, ammonium molybdate into by the natural pond slag after the fermentation and forms organic composite medicine fertilizer.The two does not all relate to the field that the chicken manure stalk anaerobic fermentation produces biogas, continuous generation biogas is not especially arranged and to the method for stalk and the efficient decrement of chicken manure solid content.
The invention provides the method for a kind of stalk chicken manure mixed fermentation, improve carbon-nitrogen ratio by the stalk of in chicken manure, introducing suitable proportion and carry out anaerobically fermenting, realize carrying out smoothly of chicken manure anaerobically fermenting.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is for problems such as the deficiency that overcomes prior art chicken manure fermenting gas production rate and the easy acidifyings of fermenting process, a kind of method of utilizing chicken manure and stalk mixed fermentation to produce biogas is provided, this method can improve chicken manure anaerobically fermenting transformation efficiency.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: utilize stalk and chicken manure hybrid anaerobic fermentation to produce the method for biogas, wherein the adding of stalk is used to improve the carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed fermentation thing, finishes smoothly to impel anaerobic fermentation process.Adopt stalk elder generation stack retting again with chicken manure blended fermentation mode, the mode that perhaps adds stalk in the chicken manure fermenting process is carried out hybrid anaerobic fermentation.
The stalk and the chicken manure that add inoculum need keep the skin wet; The water ratio (mass ratio, down together) of fermentation materials is adjusted to 91%-95%, carry out the wet type producing methane through anaerobic fermentation.
Anaerobically fermenting temperature of the present invention is 35 ± 5 ℃, especially 35 ± 1 ℃ of the bests.Regulate pH to 7.0-7.5; Inoculum is selected from natural pond slag and at least a kind in black cloaca mud or multiple at the bottom of manure pit sediment, the methane-generating pit.
Can add microorganism and carry out biological reinforcedly, microorganism can be by composite acquisition.
Stalk elder generation stack retting is as follows with chicken manure blended fermentation process again: harvested stalk is pulverized with artificial or mechanical means, and length is at 1-2cm; It is wetting that stalk after pulverizing is added inoculum by material water weight ratio 1:2, stirred back sealing stack retting 3-7 days; The stalk that stack retting is good and inoculum mixture drop in the fermentor tank, add the proper amount of fresh chicken manure, add water and are deployed into mixture about water ratio 91%-95%, carry out the wet type producing methane through anaerobic fermentation; The anaerobically fermenting temperature is carried out at 35 ± 5 ℃, in the fermenting process fermentation is stirred, and produces biogas, fermentation time 12h to 5 day in the fermentation 12h.Inoculum is selected from natural pond slag and at least a kind in black cloaca mud or multiple at the bottom of manure pit sediment, the methane-generating pit.
Can adopt stalk elder generation stack retting again with chicken manure blended fermentation mode, the mode that perhaps adds stalk in the chicken manure fermenting process is carried out hybrid anaerobic fermentation.
Stalk elder generation stack retting with the step that the chicken manure blended ferments is again: harvested stalk is pulverized with artificial or mechanical means, and length is at 1-2cm; It is wetting that stalk after pulverizing is added inoculum by material water weight ratio 1:2, stirred back sealing stack retting 3-7 days.The stalk that stack retting is good and inoculum mixture drop in the fermentor tank, add the proper amount of fresh chicken manure, add water and are deployed into mixture about water ratio 91%-95%.Carry out the wet type producing methane through anaerobic fermentation; The anaerobically fermenting temperature is carried out at 35 ± 5 ℃, in the fermenting process fermentation is stirred, and produces biogas, fermentation time 12h to 5 day in the fermentation 12h.
The step that the mode that adds stalk in the chicken manure fermenting process is carried out hybrid anaerobic fermentation is: the fresh chicken manure of getting chicken house is an amount of, adds water and is deployed into mixture about water ratio 91%-94%, adds in the fermentor tank; Add the inoculum account for chicken manure and water mixture volume 5-10%, 35 ± 5 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings added quantitative stalk after 3 days, and added water and be adjusted to water ratio 91-95%, mixed; 35 ± 5 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, and regularly stir, anti-corrosive type gas meter record gas yield, and connect airbag or gas holder collection biogas.
Adding microbiobacterial agent in two kinds of fermentation modes carries out biological reinforced.Microbiobacterial agent can be by composite the forming of anaerobic digestion process key function bacterial classification, mainly comprise intestinal bacteria (
Escherichia.coli), wood mould (
Trichoderma virens), Pseudomonas fluorescens (
Pseudomonas fluorescens) and subtilis (
Bacillussubtilis) wait its weight part to be respectively escherichia coli fermented broth 1 ~ 12 weight part, wooden mould fermented liquid 2 ~ 12 weight parts, Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 1 ~ 15 weight part, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 4 ~ 15 weight parts; Living bacteria count in 4 kinds of fermented liquids is respectively all more than 1,000,000,000/milliliter.
The present invention's beneficial effect compared with prior art:
(1) has advantages such as quick-acting, long-acting, that cost is low, using method is simple, be easy to popularize.
(2) it is biological reinforced to adopt this method adding microbiobacterial agent to carry out, and the chicken manure aerogenesis is respond well, and after 35 ± 5 ℃ of middle temperature added stalk, the gas production rate of chicken manure improved greatly, and the aerogenesis total amount does not more add stalk and improves 80%-120%.
(3) adopt this method after, fermentor tank adopts continuously-running duty, can guarantee fermentor tank aerogenesis life-time service, and tangible decay do not appear in the effect of biogas production, fermenting process is difficult for taking place the acidifying phenomenon.
(4) method of utilizing this invention and being provided is handled chicken manure stalk mixture, and the solid content decrement can be brought up to about 40% behind the anaerobically fermenting.
In a word, the present invention produces biogas and continuously to the method for stalk and the efficient decrement of chicken manure solid content.Be applicable to efficient anaerobic fermentation processing stalk chicken manure, and make full use of the various stalk materials of agricultural production, avoid the burning of stalk.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a kind of method synoptic diagram of chicken manure stalk of the present invention mixed fermentation
Fig. 2 is a chicken manure stalk mixed fermentation another kind method synoptic diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Application method one:
Adopt stalk elder generation stack retting again with the process of chicken manure mixed fermentation.The present invention is applied to make the anaerobically fermenting that the chicken manure stalk is a raw material, and concrete steps are as follows:
(1) rice straw of selecting for use a certain amount of no toxic substance to pollute is pulverized with artificial or mechanical means, and length is at 1-2cm.
(2) it is wetting crushed straws to be added inoculum by material water weight ratio 1:2, stirs back sealing stack retting 3-7 days.
(3) stalk that stack retting is good and inoculum mixture drop in the fermentor tank, add the proper amount of fresh chicken manure, add water and are deployed into mixture about water ratio 91%-95%, regulate pH to 7.0-7.5.
(4) add 1-5 ‰ (volume) microbiobacterial agent and carry out the anaerobic fermentation of biological reinforcement, microbiobacterial agent can be by escherichia coli fermented broth 1 ~ 12 weight part, mould fermented liquid 2 ~ 12 weight parts of wood, Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 1 ~ 15 weight part, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 4 ~ 15 weight parts combine.。
(5) stir, capping, 35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, anti-corrosive type gas meter record gas yield, and connect airbag or gas holder collection biogas.
Natural pond slag, black cloaca mud etc. at the bottom of above-described inoculum employing manure pit sediment, the methane-generating pit.Stalk and chicken manure treatment capacity are decided according to the actual treatment demand.
Application method two:
The fermentation process of quantitative stalk is added in employing in the chicken manure anaerobic fermentation process.
(1) it is an amount of to get the fresh chicken manure of chicken house, adds water and is deployed into mixture about water ratio 91%-95%, adds in the fermentor tank.
(2) add the inoculum that accounts for chicken manure and water mixture volume 5-10%, regulate pH to 7.0-7.5.
(3) 35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings added quantitative stalk after 3 days, and added water and be adjusted to water ratio 91-95%, mixed.
(4) add 1-5 ‰ (volume) microbiobacterial agent, microbiobacterial agent can be by escherichia coli fermented broth 1 ~ 12 weight part, mould fermented liquid 2 ~ 12 weight parts of wood, Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 1 ~ 15 weight part, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 4 ~ 15 weight parts combine.(5) 35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, and regularly stir, anti-corrosive type gas meter record gas yield, and connect airbag or gas holder collection biogas.
Natural pond slag, black cloaca mud etc. at the bottom of above-described inoculum employing manure pit sediment, the methane-generating pit.Stalk and chicken manure treatment capacity are decided according to the actual treatment demand.
Embodiment 1:
(1) the rice straw 160kg that selects for use no toxic substance to pollute pulverizes with artificial or mechanical means, and length is at 1-2cm.It is wetting that crushed straws is added inoculum by material water weight ratio 1:2, and composition stirred back sealing stack retting 5-6 days.
(2) stack retting is good stalk and inoculum mixture drop in the fermentor tank, add fresh chicken manure 1300 kg of water ratio 80%, add the mixture that water is deployed into water ratio about 94%, regulate pH to 7.2.
(3) add composite high-effective microorganism microbial inoculum 2 ‰ (volume), microbiobacterial agent is by escherichia coli fermented broth 3 weight parts, wooden mould fermented liquid 5 weight parts, and Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 2 weight parts, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 8 weight parts combine.Stir, capping, 35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, anti-corrosive type gas meter record gas yield, and connect airbag or gas holder collection biogas.
Natural pond slag, black cloaca mud etc. at the bottom of above-described inoculum employing manure pit sediment, the methane-generating pit.
Embodiment 2:
(1) gets fresh chicken manure 1200 kg of chicken house, add the mixture that water is deployed into water ratio about 94%, add in the fermentor tank.
(2) add the inoculum that accounts for chicken manure and water mixture volume 10%, regulate pH to 7.3.
(3) 35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings are after 3 days, add that to pulverize back length be stalk 240 kg of 1-2cm, and add water and be adjusted to water ratio 91-92%, mix.
(4) add composite high-effective microorganism microbial inoculum 3 ‰ (volume), microbiobacterial agent can be by escherichia coli fermented broth 5 weight parts, wooden mould fermented liquid 8 weight parts, and Pseudomonas fluorescens fermented liquid 9 weight parts, fermentation of bacillus subtilis liquid 6 weight parts combine.Stir capping.35 ± 1 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, and regularly stir, anti-corrosive type gas meter record gas yield, and connect airbag collection biogas.
Natural pond slag, black cloaca mud etc. at the bottom of above-described inoculum employing manure pit sediment, the methane-generating pit.
Claims (7)
1. utilize the quick anaerobic fermentation method of chicken manure of stalk supplementary carbon source, it is characterized in that utilizing stalk and chicken manure hybrid anaerobic fermentation to produce biogas, wherein the adding of stalk is used to improve the carbon-nitrogen ratio of mixed fermentation thing, finishes smoothly to impel anaerobic fermentation process.
2. the quick anaerobic fermentation method of chicken manure that utilizes the stalk supplementary carbon source according to claim 1, it is characterized in that adopting stalk elder generation stack retting again with chicken manure blended fermentation mode, the mode that perhaps adds stalk in the chicken manure fermenting process is carried out hybrid anaerobic fermentation.
3. the quick anaerobic fermentation method of chicken manure that utilizes the stalk supplementary carbon source according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that the stalk and the chicken manure that add inoculum need keep the skin wet; The water ratio (mass ratio) of fermentation materials is adjusted to 91%-95%, carry out the wet type producing methane through anaerobic fermentation.
4. according to claim 2 or the 3 described quick anaerobic fermentation methods of chicken manure that utilize the stalk supplementary carbon source, it is characterized in that the anaerobically fermenting temperature is 35 ± 5 ℃, especially 35 ± 1 ℃ of the bests; Regulate pH to 7.0-7.5; Inoculum is selected from natural pond slag and at least a kind in black cloaca mud or multiple at the bottom of manure pit sediment, the methane-generating pit.
5. according to claim 2 or the 3 described quick anaerobic fermentation methods of chicken manure that utilize the stalk supplementary carbon source, it is characterized in that adding microorganism and carry out biological reinforcedly, microorganism can be by composite acquisition.
6. according to the quick anaerobic fermentation method of the chicken manure that utilizes the stalk supplementary carbon source described in claim 4 or 5, it is characterized in that stalk elder generation stack retting is as follows with chicken manure blended fermentation process again: harvested stalk is pulverized with artificial or mechanical means, and length is at 1-2cm; It is wetting that stalk after pulverizing is added inoculum by material water weight ratio 1:2, stirred back sealing stack retting 3-7 days; The stalk that stack retting is good and inoculum mixture drop in the fermentor tank, add the proper amount of fresh chicken manure, add water and are deployed into mixture about water ratio 91%-95%, carry out the wet type producing methane through anaerobic fermentation; The anaerobically fermenting temperature is carried out at 35 ± 5 ℃, in the fermenting process fermentation is stirred, and produces biogas, fermentation time 12h to 5 day in the fermentation 12h.
7. according to claim 5 or the 5 described quick anaerobic fermentation methods of chicken manure that utilize the stalk supplementary carbon source, it is specific as follows that the mode that it is characterized in that in the chicken manure fermenting process adding stalk is carried out hybrid anaerobic fermentation method: the fresh chicken manure of getting chicken house is an amount of, add water and be deployed into mixture about water ratio 91%-94%, add in the fermentor tank; Add the inoculum that accounts for chicken manure and water mixture volume 5-10%, regulate pH to 7.0-7.5; 35 ± 5 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings added quantitative stalk after 3 days, and added water and be adjusted to water ratio 91-95%, mixed; 35 ± 5 ℃ of anaerobically fermentings, and regularly stir, anti-corrosive type gas meter record gas yield, and connect airbag or gas holder collection biogas.
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| CN102746041A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2012-10-24 | 扬州展鹏肥业有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by using rice straws and livestock and poultry manures |
| CN102996232A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-03-27 | 贵州泰然环境科技有限责任公司 | Marsh gas power generation method |
| CN102994560A (en) * | 2012-10-09 | 2013-03-27 | 贵州泰然环境科技有限责任公司 | Method for producing methane by chicken manure in chicken house by means of anaerobic fermentation |
| CN104118937A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-10-29 | 南京大学 | Application of potamogeton crispus fermentation liquor to improving capability of denitrification for sewage treatment |
| CN104690067A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-10 | 福建农林大学 | Recycling utilization method for energy grass and livestock manures |
| CN112501214A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-16 | 北京建筑大学 | Two-phase anaerobic treatment system and method for reinforcing wet garbage in villages and towns |
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| CN101691586A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-04-07 | 南京工业大学 | Method for efficiently and rapidly producing marsh gas by anaerobic fermentation of crop straws |
| CN101857882A (en) * | 2010-06-11 | 2010-10-13 | 天津市环境保护科学研究院 | Process for producing biogas by two-stage anaerobic fermentation of crop stalk or livestock excrement |
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| CN1368487A (en) * | 2001-02-01 | 2002-09-11 | 张显军 | Formula and process for preparing efficient biological organic (or semi-organic) fertilizer |
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| CN101691586A (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2010-04-07 | 南京工业大学 | Method for efficiently and rapidly producing marsh gas by anaerobic fermentation of crop straws |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102746041A (en) * | 2011-11-02 | 2012-10-24 | 扬州展鹏肥业有限公司 | Method for producing organic fertilizer by using rice straws and livestock and poultry manures |
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| CN104118937A (en) * | 2014-08-06 | 2014-10-29 | 南京大学 | Application of potamogeton crispus fermentation liquor to improving capability of denitrification for sewage treatment |
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| CN104690067A (en) * | 2015-02-09 | 2015-06-10 | 福建农林大学 | Recycling utilization method for energy grass and livestock manures |
| CN112501214A (en) * | 2020-11-24 | 2021-03-16 | 北京建筑大学 | Two-phase anaerobic treatment system and method for reinforcing wet garbage in villages and towns |
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| CN102173895B (en) | 2013-12-11 |
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