CN113045292A - 一种大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖及其制造方法 - Google Patents

一种大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖及其制造方法 Download PDF

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CN113045292A
CN113045292A CN202110300482.2A CN202110300482A CN113045292A CN 113045292 A CN113045292 A CN 113045292A CN 202110300482 A CN202110300482 A CN 202110300482A CN 113045292 A CN113045292 A CN 113045292A
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姚文博
张国富
戚章明
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Hebei North Kiln Engineering Co ltd
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖及其制造方法，高纯镁砖是由镁砂A、镁砂B、镁砂C和镁砂D并配以纸浆废液制成，高纯镁砖的制造方法采用混料、成型、干燥和烧成的步骤；本发明高纯镁砖的原料镁砂采用西藏类乌齐卡玛多的高纯隐晶质菱镁矿石电熔后的大结晶镁砂粉碎、筛分，杂质含量极低，再采用多级颗粒级配配料，砖坯成型采用大吨位压力机，在隧道窑内高温大于等于1810℃烧成，提高了荷重软化温度和烧结性，提高了制品强度，烧成后的镁砖能满足大于等于2100℃的超高温烧成竖窑的要求。

Description

一种大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖及其制造方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖及其制造方法。
背景技术
竖窑是一种对矿物原料进行连续烧结的设备。具体结构为金属直立外筒内加耐火材料砌层，中部有燃烧加热装置。需要加热烧结的矿物从上部进入，逐渐下落。在这个过程中加热烧结，从竖窑底部排出。
竖窑内耐火砌衬材料，根据需要烧结的温度、需要烧结的材料不同而选用不同的耐火材料。
可用于生产镁质耐火材料、镁质化工原料、金属镁等产品的含镁固体矿物主要有菱镁石、白云石、水镁石以及蛇尾石等。其中我国菱镁石的储量世界第一，占世界探明储量的28.7％，达到35.64亿吨。
菱镁石等天然矿物经700-1000℃煅烧得到轻烧氧化镁。轻烧氧化镁成球在回转窑或竖窑中经1500-2300℃煅烧，通过一系列物理化学变化，使氧化镁通过晶体长大和致密化，转变成为惰性的烧结镁砂，称为重烧镁砂，重烧镁砂是生产镁质制品的重要原料。
作为镁质制品的原料，重烧镁砂的密度是很重要的指标，密度越大，制造出的制品品质越高。镁砂重烧后，密度一般从2.95-3.10g/cm3，增加到3.22-3.65g/cm3；而重烧温度越高，得到的重烧镁砂密度越大。这就要求竖窑的重烧温度提高，得到重烧密度大的重烧镁砂。
为防止在重烧过程中污染镁砂原料，竖窑内壁竖窑内耐火砌衬不能使用温度较高的复合耐火材料，比如镁铬砖。只能使用与重烧镁砂同质的高纯烧结镁砖；一般烧结镁砖由于原料材质与制造工艺的原因，很难达到使用温度在2000℃以上的产品，限制了重烧竖窑温度的提高。
发明内容
本发明所要解决的技术问题是提供一种超高温竖窑使用的高制品强度和荷重软化温度，能长期使用温度大于等于2100℃的高纯镁砖及其制造方法。
本发明采用如下技术方案：
本发明一种用于大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖，其特征在于所述高纯镁砖是由镁砂A、镁砂B、镁砂C和镁砂D并配以纸浆废液制成，所述镁砂A、镁砂B、镁砂C和镁砂D是将西藏类乌齐卡玛多的高纯隐晶质菱镁矿石电熔后的大结晶镁砂粉碎、筛分后分别得到，其中：
镁砂A：粒径为2-3mm，
镁砂B：粒径为1-2mm，
镁砂C：粒径为0.1-1mm，
镁砂D：粒径为小于0.088mm；
上述各原料镁砂和纸浆废液按如下重量份数配比：
镁砂A 30-38份，镁砂B 25-30份，镁砂C 21-27份，镁砂D 8-11份，纸浆废液5份。
本发明一种用于大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖，其特征在于所述各原料镁砂和纸浆废液按如下重量份数配比：
镁砂A 32份，镁砂B 28份，镁砂C 26份，镁砂D 9份，纸浆废液5份。
本发明一种用于大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖，其特征在于对大结晶镁砂粉碎采用对辊破碎机和悬辊磨。
本发明用于大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖的制造方法，其特征在于采用如下步骤：
步骤一、混料：按顺序向湿轮碾机中加入镁砂A、镁砂B、镁砂C、纸浆废液和镁砂D，在湿轮碾机内混炼18-22min，制得半干成型料，其水分的重量占比为2.5-3％；
步骤二、成型：将半干成型料放入液压压砖机模腔内，压力25000Kn，制成砖坯；砖坯密度为2.8-3.1g/cm3；
步骤三、干燥：将制成的砖坯放入隧道干燥器内，隧道干燥器温度为150℃，干燥时间24h，干燥后砖坯水分小于1％；
步骤四、烧成：将步骤三中的砖坯送入隧道窑窑车上，经隧道窑烧成，最高烧成温度1810℃，烧成时间110h。
本发明用于大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖的制造方法，其特征在于步骤二中的液压压砖机为莱斯公司HPF-III2500液压压砖机。
本发明积极效果如下：本发明高纯镁砖的原料镁砂采用西藏类乌齐卡玛多的高纯隐晶质菱镁矿石电熔后的大结晶镁砂粉碎、筛分，杂质含量极低，再采用多级颗粒级配配料，砖坯成型采用大吨位压力机，在隧道窑内高温大于等于1810℃烧成。
本发明高纯镁砖中：MgO≥98％，Fe2O3＜0.1％，CaO＜1.0％，常温耐压强度≥70Mpa，体积密度≥3.1g/cm3，显气孔率≤16％；本发明高纯镁砖的原料镁砂增加了细粉量，降低颗粒上限的比例，提高了荷重软化温度和烧结性，提高了制品强度，烧成后的镁砖能满足大于等于2100℃的超高温烧成竖窑的要求。
具体实施方式
本发明用于大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖，所述高纯镁砖是由镁砂A、镁砂B、镁砂C和镁砂D并配以纸浆废液制成，所述镁砂A、镁砂B、镁砂C和镁砂D是将西藏类乌齐卡玛多的高纯隐晶质菱镁矿石电熔后的大结晶镁砂粉碎、筛分后分别得到，其中：
镁砂A：粒径为2-3mm，
镁砂B：粒径为1-2mm，
镁砂C：粒径为0.1-1mm，
镁砂D：粒径为小于0.088mm；
上述各原料镁砂和纸浆废液按如下重量份数配比：
镁砂A 30-38份，镁砂B 25-30份，镁砂C 21-27份，镁砂D 8-11份，纸浆废液5份。
具体实施例如下表(重量份数)：
Figure BDA0002985856870000051
本发明高纯镁砖的制造方法采用采用如下步骤：
步骤一、混料：
按顺序向湿轮碾机中加入镁砂A、镁砂B、镁砂C、纸浆废液和镁砂D，在湿轮碾机内混炼18-22min，制得半干成型料，其水分为2.5-3％；
步骤二、成型：
将半干成型料放入莱斯公司HPF-III2500的液压压砖机模腔内，设定压力25000Kn，制成砖坯；砖坯密度为2.8-3.1g/cm3；
步骤三、干燥：
将制成的砖坯放入隧道干燥器内，隧道干燥器温度为150℃，干燥时间24h，干燥后砖坯水分小于1％；
步骤四、烧成：
将步骤三中的砖坯放入隧道窑窑车上，经隧道窑烧成，烧成温度大于等于1810℃(业内设定窑炉的最高温度，以出窑产品质量是否达标做小的调整)，烧成时间110h。
上述实施方案制成的高纯镁砖经实验室平行试验检测，结果如下表所示：
Figure BDA0002985856870000061
如上表所示，实施例二的技术方案在制成高纯镁砖后，高纯镁砖在显气孔率及体积密度方面要优于其它三个实施例的技术方案所制成的高纯镁砖。
本发明高纯镁砖的原料镁砂采用多级颗粒级配配料，砖坯成型采用大吨位压力机，在隧道窑内高温烧成。
本发明高纯镁砖中：MgO≥98％，Fe2O3＜0.1％，CaO＜1.0％，常温耐压强度≥70Mpa，体积密度≥3.1g/cm3，显气孔率≤16％；本发明高纯镁砖的原料镁砂增加了细粉量，降低上限颗粒比例(即降低大颗粒比例)，提高了荷重软化温度和烧结性，提高了制品强度，烧成后的镁砖能满足大于等于2100℃的超高温烧成竖窑的要求，达到超高温竖窑的生产指标。
由于高温竖窑中耐火砌衬采用楔形砖型，分层形成圆拱形状，受热膨胀后有互相挤紧的效果，形成整体强度，因此，只要有足够的强度，满足窑体砌筑施工的要求，这样在超高温下使用，虽然镁砖内部结合力降低，但不影响整个砌体的完整和正常工作。因此，尽管本发明高纯镁砖本身的烧成温度为1810℃，但由于制砖所用的主要原料纯度极高，且经2800℃的高温冶炼，再采用合理的颗粒级配配料，大压力成型，烧成后的镁砖能满足大于等于2100℃的超高温烧成竖窑的要求。
最后说明的是，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换或改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (5)

1.一种用于大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖，其特征在于所述高纯镁砖是由镁砂A、镁砂B、镁砂C和镁砂D并配以纸浆废液制成，所述镁砂A、镁砂B、镁砂C和镁砂D是将西藏类乌齐卡玛多的高纯隐晶质菱镁矿石电熔后的大结晶镁砂粉碎、筛分后分别得到，其中：
镁砂A:粒径为2-3mm，
镁砂B:粒径为1-2mm，
镁砂C:粒径为0.1-1mm，
镁砂D: 粒径为小于0.088mm；
上述各原料镁砂和纸浆废液按如下重量份数配比：
镁砂A 30-38份，镁砂B 25-30份，镁砂C 21-27份，镁砂D 8-11份，纸浆废液5份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖，其特征在于所述各原料镁砂和纸浆废液按如下重量份数配比：
镁砂A 32份，镁砂B 28份，镁砂C 26份，镁砂D 9份，纸浆废液5份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种用于大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖，其特征在于对大结晶镁砂粉碎采用对辊破碎机和悬辊磨。
4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的用于大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖的制造方法，其特征在于采用如下步骤：
步骤一、混料：按顺序向湿轮碾机中加入镁砂A 、镁砂B、镁砂C 、纸浆废液和镁砂D，在湿轮碾机内混炼18-22min，制得半干成型料，其水分的重量占比为2.5-3%；
步骤二、成型：将半干成型料放入液压压砖机模腔内，压力25000Kn，制成砖坯；砖坯密度为2.8-3.1g/cm3 ；
步骤三、干燥：将制成的砖坯放入隧道干燥器内，隧道干燥器温度为150℃，干燥时间24h，干燥后砖坯水分小于1% ；
步骤四、烧成：将步骤三中的砖坯送入隧道窑窑车上，经隧道窑烧成，最高烧成温度1810℃，烧成时间110h 。
5.根据权利要求4所述的用于大于等于2100℃超高温竖窑的高纯镁砖的制造方法，其特征在于步骤二中的液压压砖机为莱斯公司HPF-Ⅲ2500液压压砖机。
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