CN113041312A - 一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物及其制备方法、应用 - Google Patents
一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物及其制备方法、应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体公开一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其按重量份数计由以下原料制成:熟地8‑20份、山萸肉6‑10份、山药10‑30份、枸杞10‑15份、龟板胶6‑10份、鹿角胶6‑10份、菟丝子10‑25份、川牛膝6‑10份、补骨脂10‑15份、桑寄生10‑15份、续断10‑15份、人参6‑10份、黄芪10‑30份、白术6‑10份、当归10‑15份、白芍10‑15份、陈皮6‑10份、炙甘草6‑10份。本发明提供的治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,能够有效抑制颗粒细胞的凋亡,促进卵泡发育成熟,提升卵巢储备力,且安全性高。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于中药技术领域,具体公开一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物及其制备方法、应用。
背景技术
卵巢早衰(POF)指女性在40岁以前因卵巢卵泡耗竭引起的闭经、不孕、雌激素过少和促性腺激素水平升高等临床症状。目前POF发病率为1%~3%,呈逐年升高且低龄化趋势,甚至在<20岁女性中的发病率高达0.1%,严重影响女性生殖健康及身心健康。随着国家二胎政策实施,临床上有二胎意愿的女性骤增,许多年轻女性虽然处于生育年龄,但多种原因引起卵巢储备功能低下或卵巢早衰,导致女性生殖功能低于同龄正常水平。因此,保护和恢复女性生育年龄应有的生殖功能是临床亟待解决的难题。
现代医学治疗卵巢早衰主要采用激素替代疗法,虽然有效,但无法根治,停药后往往不能重新恢复卵巢功能,且使患乳腺癌、子宫内膜癌、血栓性疾病的风险增高。研究证实,中医药治疗卵巢早衰在改善临床症状、调节激素水平及机体细胞免疫作用等方面有明显优势。
发明内容
本发明提供一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,能够从根本上改善患者体质恢复卵巢排卵,在临床治疗卵巢早衰取得良好效果;且在实验中已证明,该中药组合物能够有效抑制颗粒细胞的凋亡,促进卵泡发育成熟,提升卵巢储备力,为临床上治疗卵巢早衰提供治疗、理论依据以及新的治疗思路。
本发明提供的治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其按重量份数计由以下原料组成:熟地8-20份、山萸肉6-10份、山药10-30份、枸杞10-15份、龟板胶6-10份、鹿角胶6-10份、菟丝子10-25份、川牛膝6-10份、补骨脂10-15份、桑寄生10-15份、续断10-15份、人参6-10份、黄芪10-30份、白术6-10份、当归10-15份、白芍10-15份、陈皮6-10份、炙甘草6-10份。
优选地,其按重量份数计由以下原料组成:熟地20份、山萸肉10份、山药10份、枸杞10份、龟板胶10份、鹿角胶10份、菟丝子10份、川牛膝7份、补骨脂10份、桑寄生10份、续断10份、人参10份、黄芪20份、白术10份、当归10份、白芍10份、陈皮9份、炙甘草6份。
本发明还提供一种上述治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物的制备方法,包括以下步骤:称取熟地、山萸肉、山药、枸杞、龟板胶、鹿角胶、菟丝子、川牛膝、补骨脂、桑寄生、续断、人参、黄芪、白术、当归、白芍、陈皮、炙甘草,混合,加水煎煮,收集煎煮液,即得所述中药组合物。
优选地,所述加水煎煮的具体过程为:取人参加入相当于其重量4-6倍量的水先煎40min,其他药材用相当于药材总重量10-12倍量的水浸泡30-60min后,与人参煎煮液合并煎煮1-2h,过滤,得第一次煎煮液;滤渣再加入6-8倍量的水煎煮40-60min,过滤,得第二次煎煮液,合并两次煎煮液,即得所述中药组合物。
更优选地,所述加水煎煮的具体过程为:取人参加入相当于其重量6倍量的水先煎40min,其他药材用相当于药材总重量10倍量的水浸泡30min后,与人参煎煮液合并煎煮1h,过滤,得第一次煎煮液;滤渣再加入8倍量的水煎煮40min,过滤,得第二次煎煮液,合并两次煎煮液,即得所述中药组合物。
上述中药组合物能够被制成药学上可接受的中药制剂,如颗粒剂、片剂、胶囊剂等口服制剂,或经静脉、皮下、腹腔给药的注射剂等。
本发明还提供上述组合物在制备治疗肾阴虚型卵巢早衰的药物中的应用。
卵巢早衰属于中医“经水早断”、“血枯经闭”、“不孕”等范畴,基于“肾主生殖”理论,临床认为卵巢早衰的基本病机多属肾虚,常见肾阴虚证、肾阳虚证,若肾阴亏损,则精亏血少,冲任血虚,血海不能按时满溢,则可致闭经甚或不孕。现代研究也表明,阴虚质与卵巢储备功能下降有密切关系,通过早期干预,改善阴虚体质,可以减少卵泡的闭锁、消耗,逆转卵巢储备功能的下降,延长卵巢的寿命,缓解病情,增加生育机会,特别是阻断其进入卵巢早衰。
本发明提供的中药组合物适用于治疗肾阴不足、胞宫空虚引起的卵巢早衰,患者表现为月经后期、量少甚至闭经,或经期延长、崩漏不止、婚久不孕,并伴有素体瘦弱、头晕耳鸣、腰膝酸软头晕耳鸣、腰腿酸软、神疲口燥等症。
本发明提供的中药组合物功效为滋补肾阴、填精益血。左归丸为滋补肾阴的基础方,但对于肾阴不足、胞宫空虚引起的卵巢早衰,其补肾填精、养血益气、补后天以养先天之力不足。本发明提供的中药组方中加入了补肾填精促生殖之补骨脂、续断、桑寄生,以促进子宫血海精血渐充;精血充盈则胞宫满溢,然精血靠后天脾胃不断运化的气血所化,脾气健运,则气血生化有源,故本方中加入了人参、黄芪、白术、炙甘草健脾益气,以固后天之本;又加入当归、白芍养血活血,使冲任血海满溢。滋阴药多滋腻碍胃,加入陈皮起补而不滞之用,加入炙甘草既健脾益气,又为使药,起到调合诸药的作用。
本发明提供的中药组方中熟地黄甘补微温,善滋补肾阴、填精益髓,故为君药;龟甲胶咸甘性凉,善滋阴养血;鹿角胶甘咸性温,能温补肝肾、益精养血;鹿龟二胶,为血肉有情之品,峻补精髓,其中龟板胶偏于补阴,鹿角胶偏于补阳,在补阴之中配伍补阳药,意在“阳中求阴”;枸杞子、补骨脂、山茱萸,滋补肝肾、填精补血;菟丝子、续断、桑寄生补肾益气促生殖,八药合用,辅助君药,以增滋阴补肾、生精填髓之效,共为臣药;人参、山药、黄芪、白术、炙甘草健脾益气,以固后天之本;当归、白芍养血活血,使冲任血海满溢;陈皮理气健脾,起补而不滞之用,八药相合,助君臣药滋养肾阴、补后天以养先天,故共为佐药;牛膝酸甘性平,苦泄下行,既善补肝肾、强腰膝、健筋骨,以助君臣药之力;又可活血化瘀,使诸药补而不滞;还能引诸药直达下焦,故为使药。全方配伍,专于滋补,共奏滋肾补阴之功,故善治肾阴不足所致的卵巢早衰,月经后期、量少甚至闭经,或经期延长、崩漏不止、婚久不孕,并伴有素体瘦弱、头晕耳鸣、腰膝酸软、头晕耳鸣、神疲口燥等。
附图说明
图1是空白对照组大鼠卵巢组织形态图;
图2是模型对照组大鼠卵巢组织形态图;
图3是低剂量组大鼠卵巢组织形态图;
图4是中剂量组大鼠卵巢组织形态图;
图5是高剂量组大鼠卵巢组织形态图;
图6是阳性对照组大鼠卵巢组织形态图;
图7是空白对照组大鼠子宫组织形态图;
图8是模型对照组大鼠子宫组织形态图;
图9是低剂量组大鼠子宫组织形态图;
图10是中剂量组大鼠子宫组织形态图;
图11是高剂量组大鼠子宫组织形态图;
图12是阳性对照组大鼠子宫组织形态图。
具体实施方式
下面通过实施例进一步描述本发明,但是本发明不受这些实施例的限制。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
下述各实施例中1g表示一个重量份。
实施例1
一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其由以下原料组成:熟地20g、山萸肉10g、山药10g、枸杞10g、龟板胶10g、鹿角胶10g、菟丝子10g、川牛膝7g、补骨脂10g、桑寄生10g、续断10g、人参10g、黄芪20g、白术10g、当归10g、白芍10g、陈皮9g、炙甘草6g。
实施例2
一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其由以下原料组成:熟地8g、山萸肉6g、山药10g、枸杞10g、龟板胶6g、鹿角胶6g、菟丝子10g、川牛膝6g、补骨脂10g、桑寄生10g、续断10g、人参6g、黄芪10g、白术6g、当归10g、白芍10g、陈皮6g、炙甘草6g。
实施例3
一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其由以下原料组成:熟地15g、山萸肉10g、山药30g、枸杞15g、龟板胶10g、鹿角胶10g、菟丝子25g、川牛膝10g、补骨脂15g、桑寄生15g、续断15g、人参10g、黄芪30g、白术10g、当归15g、白芍15g、陈皮10g、炙甘草10g。
实施例4
一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其由以下原料组成:熟地12g、山萸肉8g、山药30g、枸杞15g、龟板胶10g、鹿角胶8g、菟丝子25g、川牛膝8g、补骨脂15g、桑寄生15g、续断15g、人参10g、黄芪30g、白术10g、当归15g、白芍12g、陈皮10g、炙甘草8g。
实施例5
一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其由以下原料组成:熟地10g、山萸肉8g、山药15g、枸杞15g、龟板胶8g、鹿角胶8g、菟丝子25g、川牛膝8g、补骨脂15g、桑寄生15g、续断12g、人参10g、黄芪30g、白术10g、当归15g、白芍12g、陈皮8g、炙甘草8g。
实施例6
一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其由以下原料组成:熟地10g、山萸肉8g、山药15g、枸杞15g、龟板胶8g、鹿角胶8g、菟丝子25g、川牛膝10g、补骨脂15g、桑寄生12g、续断12g、人参8g、黄芪20g、白术6g、当归15g、白芍12g、陈皮8g、炙甘草8g。
实施例7
一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其由以下原料组成:熟地12g、山萸肉8g、山药15g、枸杞15g、龟板胶8g、鹿角胶8g、菟丝子20g、川牛膝10g、补骨脂12g、桑寄生12g、续断12g、人参10g、黄芪20g、白术6g、当归15g、白芍12g、陈皮8g、炙甘草10g。
实施例8
一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其由以下原料组成:熟地10g、山萸肉8g、山药25g、枸杞15g、龟板胶8g、鹿角胶10g、菟丝子20g、川牛膝10g、补骨脂12g、桑寄生12g、续断15g、人参10g、黄芪20g、白术8g、当归15g、白芍10g、陈皮8g、炙甘草10g。
上述实施例1-8提供的中药组合物的具体制备过程为:取人参加入相当于其重量6倍量的水先煎40min,其他药材用相当于药材总重量10倍量的水浸泡30min后,与人参煎煮液合并煎煮1h,过滤,得第一次煎煮液;滤渣再加入8倍量的水煎煮40min,过滤,得第二次煎煮液,合并两次煎煮液,即得中药组合物。
实施例9
一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,与实施例1的不同在于制备方法不同,具体为:取人参加入相当于其重量4倍量的水先煎40min,其他药材用相当于药材总重量12倍量的水浸泡60min后,与人参煎煮液合并煎煮2h,过滤,得第一次煎煮液;滤渣再加入6倍量的水煎煮60min,过滤,得第二次煎煮液,合并两次煎煮液,即得中药组合物。
由于上述实施例1-9制备得到的中药组合物的治疗效果基本相同,故以下仅以实施例1制备得到的中药组合物为例进行效果说明。
实验方案
1.1主要试剂
雌激素试剂盒、促卵泡刺激素试剂盒、孕酮放免试剂盒、促黄体生成激素放免试剂盒、睾酮放免试剂盒、10%的水合氯醛、4%多聚甲醛、0.9%生理盐水、苏木素伊红染色液等。
1.2主要测试仪器
精密轮转切片机(RM2135)、DP70数码显微照相系统、BX-51数码显微镜、Image-ProPlus5.1型图像分析系统、GIS-120D数码凝胶成像分析系统、标准规格酶标仪、生物组织包埋机、电子天平(MP-120-2)、37℃恒温箱、超低温冰箱MDF-382EN型、高速冷冻离心机TGL-16G-A型、Sysmex XE-2100全自动血液分析仪和配套试剂。
1.3、动物来源
选用SPF级健康雌性12周龄SD大鼠60只,体重(250±20)g;实验动物由西安交通大学实验动物中心提供。
1.4、动物管理
实验在陕西中医药大学医学实验中心进行。饲养动物前,笼具、笼架、饮水瓶均用质量分数2%NaOH浸泡消毒并清洗,鼠舍关闭口窗,用甲醛和高锰酸钾混合进行熏蒸消毒。饲养环境温度控制在20-25℃,相对湿度为50-70%,光照、黑暗各12h(8:00-20:00)。所有大鼠适应性正常喂养7天,此时采用足量饲料喂食,自由饮水。每日08时阴道脱落细胞涂片,连续观察10天,给每只大鼠建立动情周期档案。每日10时称体重,每天观察大鼠精神和健康状态,隔天清洗托粪盘,发现异常隔离观察并记录。
1.5、SD大鼠卵巢早衰造模
入组标准:动物购入后适应性正常喂养7天,连续10天做阴道脱落细胞涂片,建立动情周期档案,选择动情周期规律的SD雌性大鼠60只纳入实验。
造模方法:每日09时腹腔注射CTX,首次负荷剂量50mg/kg,继以8mg/kg的剂量连续腹腔注射14天,造模共15天。
1.6、实验分组
实验用大鼠共计60只,分为6组。
选取正常健康SD大鼠10只,记为空白对照组;
选取造模成功的SD卵巢早衰大鼠50只,随机分成5组,每组10只,即模型对照组、高剂量组、中剂量组、低剂量组、阳性对照组。
1.7、给药剂量及灌胃方法
1.7.1实验药物来源
将实施例1制备得到的中药组合物,常压浓缩至不同的浓度,其中高剂量组浓度为5g/mL、中剂量组浓度为2.5g/mL、低剂量组浓度为1.25g/mL。
阳性对照组:使用左归丸,每10粒重1g,丸剂,北京同仁堂股份有限公司,国药准字Z11020735。根据人和大鼠体表面积换算的等效剂量比率表计算,左归丸药物剂量:18g/60kg×6=1.8/kg/d,以质量分数0.9%生理盐水配成混悬液备用。
1.7.2给药方法
1.7.2.1高、中、低剂量组
根据《试验动物学》,一般大鼠灌胃的容积0.2-1ml/100g。因中药复方固形物含量高,太浓灌胃针不容易抽取,故给予大鼠给药容积:1ml/100g。
高剂量组:造模结束后24h,灌胃,1ml/100g/d,连续灌服20天;
中剂量组:造模结束后24h,灌胃,1ml/100g/d,连续灌服20天;
低剂量组:造模结束后24h,灌胃,1ml/100g/d,连续灌服20天。
1.7.2.2阳性对照组
造模结束后24h,左归丸1.8g/kg/d灌胃,连续灌服20天。
1.7.2.3模型对照组
造模结束后24h,生理盐水1ml/100g/d灌胃,连续灌服20天。
1.7.2.4空白对照组
生理盐水1ml/100g/d灌胃,连续灌服20天。
1.8、标本采集与处理
于末次给药后禁食过夜,次日上午9:00给予质量分数10%水合氯醛腹腔注射麻醉(剂量为0.3ml/100g),掐尾确定麻醉完全。用手术器械打开腹腔,将脏器拨到一边,轻轻撕开腹后膜,然后用棉球朝同一方向轻轻擦开脂肪及结缔组织,充分暴露腹主动脉。取一次性采血针,针尖朝下,沿血管方向平放刺入约1cm后固定不动以防戳破血管,由其他组员协助将采血针另一端插入采血管取血。采得血样室温下静置1h,然后3000rpm、4℃离心管离心15min,分装上层血清,封口膜封口,置-20℃冰箱保存待测。另取双侧卵巢及子宫(注意除净输卵管及器官周围的结缔组织),将左侧子宫及卵巢放入质量分数10%中性福尔马林固定液中固定,其余样本置于-80℃超低温冰箱保存。
1.9、实验观察指标
1.9.1一般状态
每日10时详细观察并记录每只大鼠体重、毛色光泽、精神状态、活动度、饮食状况、大小便等情况。
1.9.2阴道上皮脱落细胞角化指数的观察
实验期间每日8时行大鼠阴道上皮脱落细胞涂片观察。方法:制作纤细棉签,用生理盐水浸湿,插入大鼠阴道顺时针方向旋转一周,取脱落细胞,将采样棉签在清洁载玻片上反时针旋转一周涂片,涂片立即放入质量分数95%乙醇液中固定,15分钟后作伊红染色1小时,清水漂洗10分钟后自然晾干,在普通光学显微镜下观察各细胞形态及数目以确定大鼠所处的动情周期阶段:动情前期——大量上皮细胞,胞浆呈粒状,少量角化(无核)细胞,无白细胞;动情间期——大量多核白细胞,少量上皮细胞;动情期——大量角化细胞,形状大而不规则,尚有少量上皮细胞;动情后期——大量白细胞,尚有融合的角化细胞。光镜下观察成熟角化细胞百分比,以每200个脱落细胞中成熟角化细胞的数目所占百分比计算角化细胞指数,比较同一动情时期的角化指数。
1.9.3大鼠血清性激素检测
采用双抗体夹心酶联免疫吸附技术(ELISA),于末次给药后禁食过夜,次日上午九点大鼠称重后,以质量分数10%水合氯醛(剂量为0.3ml/100g)腹腔注射麻醉,从腹主动脉取血5ml于含有促凝集的真空生化管中,以3000r/min速度离心20min,分离上层血清,置于-20℃以下保存待测。检测步骤严格按照放射免疫试剂盒说明进行,详细记录其数值。具体步骤:
(1)将所需各试剂及样本放置室温,平衡至少30min以上再进行操作;
(2)取60×12mm聚苯乙烯管并分别编号,所有的检测指标都做双管重复;
(3)取每一个浓度的的标准品、质控血清和样本200ul加入相应的编号试管中;
(4)各管分别添加200ul标记物工作液;
(5)T管和NSB管除外,其余各管均加入200ul抗体工作液,并充分混匀;
(6)在16-25℃的室温下放置过夜12-16小时;
(7)每管各加入500u1分离剂,然后充分混匀;
(8)室温放置5-l0min后,以3500r/min离心20min,吸去上清液;
(9)用y一计数器测定各管沉淀物放射性计数CPM,检测时间:1min;
(10)在标准曲线上读取样本及质控血清的浓度。
1.9.4大鼠血清AMH检测
末次给药后禁食24h,所有大鼠称量体重,仍按体重计算麻醉药物(质量分数10%的水合氯醛)剂量给予麻醉,然后经腹主动脉采血,用试管收集每只大鼠血液约8-10ml,静置,待血液凝固后以3000r/min速度离心20min,随后用移液枪分装血清,并放置冰箱内(-20℃)保存备检,用于酶联免疫吸附法(ELISA法)检测血清AMH水平。
(1)实验前从冰箱中取出ELISA试剂盒及大鼠血清,在室温(20-25℃)的环境下放置约20min,待用。
(2)试剂准备:
a.用双蒸水稀释浓缩洗涤液(25:1)。使用时将洗涤液放置室温,并当日使用,未用完的放回4℃冰箱保存;
b.标准品:将标准品稀释液1.0ml滴入冻干标准品中,盖紧管帽,并反复颠倒,静置8-10min,待冻干标准品充分溶解,此时浓度为10ng/ml。然后根据实验需要将其倍比稀释,标准品稀释液可作为空白孔0ng/ml,余孔溶度分别为:10、5、2.5、1.25、0.625、0.313、0.156ng/ml;
c.生物素化抗体工作液:实验开始前20min,按1:100的比例稀释浓缩生物素化抗体;
d.酶结合物工作液:实验开始前20min,按1:100的比例稀释浓缩辣根过氧化物酶(HRP)结合物。
(3)操作步骤
a.加样:将标准品稀释液100μl滴入空白孔,余孔各滴入标准品或待测样品100μl,注意不要产生气泡,轻轻晃动,混合均匀。贴上酶标板覆膜,放入37℃孵育90min;
b.倒掉酶标板内液体,并甩干,无需洗涤。向每个孔内滴加生物素化抗体工作液100μl,37℃温育约1小时;
c.温育1小时完成后洗板3次,方法:甩尽孔中液体,并在干净的吸水纸上轻轻拍干,每孔滴入洗涤液350μl,静置1-2min后,再次甩掉酶标板中的液体;
d.每孔滴入酶结合物工作液100μl,37℃温育约30min后,洗板5次;
e.每孔滴入底物溶液(TMB)100μl,37℃避光孵育0min左右(可根据试验时的实际显色状况酌情缩短或延长孵育时间,但不能超过30min。当标准孔显现出较为明显的色差时,终止孵育);
f.滴加终止液50μl,此时蓝色转为黄色;
g.用酶标仪在450nm波长测定每孔的光密度(OD值)。
1.9.5脏器指数
大鼠采血处死后,立即寻找子宫、卵巢,分别剥离周围脂肪组织,于宫颈上方完全剪下子宫体,剪离双侧卵巢。滤纸稍拭后,电子分析天平称出子宫湿重及卵巢湿重,子宫重量法将子宫湿重换算为子宫指数,子宫指数=子宫湿重(mg)/大鼠体重(g)×100%。卵巢重量法将卵巢湿重换算为卵巢指数,卵巢指数=卵巢湿重(mg)/大鼠体重(g)×100%。称重后将子宫、卵巢用质量分数4%的多聚甲醛固定液固定。
1.9.6大鼠卵巢组织病理学观察
大鼠麻醉后,固定头部及四肢,下腹部剃毛,常规消毒,迅速摘取左侧卵巢及子宫,分离卵巢子宫及其周围脂肪和其他组织,左侧卵巢经精密电子称湿重、记录数据,常规固定、脱水、石蜡包埋、切片、HE染色,在400倍光镜下观察卵巢闭锁卵泡的形态,各级卵泡(原始卵泡、初级卵泡、次级卵泡、成熟卵泡)形态、数目、大小,颗粒细胞数目,黄体及间质等的组织学变化。具体步骤如下:
(1)固定:大鼠卵巢称重后,置于质量分数4%多聚甲醛溶液中固定,6-8h取出;
(2)酒精梯度脱水:70%乙醇60min→80%乙醇60min→95%乙醇(Ⅰ)60min→95%乙醇(Ⅱ)60min→无水乙醇(Ⅰ)60min→无水乙醇(Ⅱ)60min;
(3)透明:(50%无水乙醇+50%二甲苯)60min→二甲苯(Ⅰ)60min→二甲苯(Ⅱ)60min;
(4)渗透:(50%二甲苯+50%石蜡)90min→石蜡(Ⅰ)120min→石蜡(Ⅱ)
120min;
(5)包埋:将组织放入包埋框的中央,用加热后的液体石蜡进行包埋,包埋后置于冷却台上冷却;
(6)切片:将完全凝固的石蜡块置于切片机中,连续切取5μm左右厚度切片,取最大卵巢切面者贴片;
(7)贴片:切片放56℃水中烫平,用防脱载玻片捞取,编号,在45℃恒温箱中烘干。
(8)脱蜡、水洗:二甲苯(Ⅰ)10min→二甲苯(Ⅱ)10min→(50%二甲苯+50%无水乙醇)2min→无水乙醇(Ⅰ)5min→无水乙醇(Ⅱ)5min→95%乙醇5min→80%乙醇5min→75%乙醇5min→蒸馏水5min;
(9)HE染色:苏木素5min→自来水冲洗30s→1%盐酸分化5s→自来水冲洗30s→1%伊红1min→自来水冲洗30s;
(10)脱水:75%乙醇5min→80%乙醇5min→95%乙醇(Ⅰ)5min→95%乙醇(Ⅱ)5min→无水乙醇(Ⅰ)5min→无水乙醇(Ⅱ)5min;
(11)透明:二甲苯(Ⅰ)2min→二甲苯(Ⅱ)2min;
(12)封片:将每个载玻片上滴加中性树胶,用盖玻片封片,置通风橱使其自然干燥;
(13)在带有医学图像分析系统的光学显微镜下观察大鼠卵巢组织切片,照相,并计录结果。
1.9.7大鼠子宫病理组织学观察
大鼠麻醉后取左侧子宫,取材、称重、固定、脱水、透明具体方法步骤同左侧卵巢,切取左侧子宫中段0.5cm长度子宫组织进行石蜡包埋、切片、HE染色,具体方法亦同左侧卵巢,在400倍光镜下观察大鼠子宫壁厚度、内膜、肌层及浆膜层结构、腺体及腺腔大小、腔内分泌物、间质细胞与蜕膜样细胞分布等。
1.10实验数据的统计处理
ˉ
应用SPSS 22.0forwindows统计软件包,实验结果以均数±标准差(x±s)表示,采用one-WayANOVA进行分析,P<0.05为差异有统计学意义。组间采用多样本均数间两两比较的q检验。
1.11结果
1.11.1一般情况
造模后大鼠表现为摄食、饮水减少,体重下降,活动减少,喜蜷缩、扎堆,精神萎靡,反应迟钝,体毛疏松暗淡。本发明各剂量组及阳性对照组药物干预后大鼠精神好转,摄食、饮水、体重增加,反应较灵敏,毛发润泽。空白组大鼠除体重增加外,一般状态无明显改变。
1.11.2动情周期
空白组大鼠动情周期规律,约4~5d/次。模型对照组大鼠出现动情周期延长,多处于动情间期,甚至无正常的动情周期。阳性对照组和本发明方各剂量组大鼠动情周期均较模型对照组缩短,逐渐恢复正常,其中以高、中剂量组较为明显。
1.11.3血清性激素水平及AMH的影响
结果见表1-2。
注:与空白组比,#P<0.05,##P<0.01;与模型组比,*P<0.05,**P<0.01;与左归丸组比,▲P<0.05,▲▲P<0.01。
注:与空白组比,#P<0.05,##P<0.01;与模型组比,*P<0.05,**P<0.01;与左归丸组比,▲P<0.05,▲▲P<0.01。
由表1-2可知:
血清FSH比较:阳性对照组较模型对照组明显减低,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),高、中剂量组低于模型对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。高、中剂量组低于阳性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.042、P=0.029,P<0.05)。组间比较,高、中剂量组明显低于低剂量组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。说明左归丸和本发明药物均可降低血清FSH水平,但以本发明药物中、高剂量较为明显,且疗效优于左归丸。
血清LH比较:阳性对照组、高、中、低剂量组均明显低于模型对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中剂量组低于阳性对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.022,P<0.05)。本发明方不同组间比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。说明左归丸和本发明方均可降低血清LH水平,但以本发明药物中剂量较为明显,且疗效优于左归丸。
血清E2比较:与模型对照组相比,阳性对照组高于模型对照组,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.036,P<0.05),中剂量组显著增高,差异有统计学意义(P=0.005,P<0.01)。与阳性对照组相比,中剂量组高于左归丸组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)),低剂量组低于左归丸组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.034,P<0.05)。组间比较,中剂量组明显高于高、低剂量组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。说明本发明药物中剂量可使血清E2水平明显升高,且疗效优于左归丸。
血清P比较:阳性对照组、各剂量组均高于模型对照组,但只有阳性对照组和高剂量组与模型对照组差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。中、低剂量组低于阳性对照组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),高剂量组虽较阳性对照组升高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。组间比较:高剂量组高于低剂量组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.046,P<0.05)。说明本发明方可提高血清P水平,以高剂量显著。
血清T比较:模型对照组高于空白组,差异具有统计学意义(P=0.033,P<0.05)。其余各组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。说明本发明方对大鼠血清T水平无明显影响。
血清PRL比较:各组比较差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。说明本发明方对大鼠血清PRL水平无明显影响。
血清AMH比较:阳性对照组、高、中剂量组明显高于高于模型对照组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.032,P<0.05),低剂量组高于模型对照组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。中剂量组虽高于阳性对照组,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),高、低剂量组低于阳性对照组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。本发明方组间比较:中剂量组高于低剂量组,差异有统计学意义(P=0.043,P<0.05)。说明本发明方能明显升高血清AMH水平。
1.11.4大鼠脏器指数水平
结果见3。
注:与空白组比,#P<0.05,##P<0.01;与模型组比,*P<0.05,**P<0.01;与左归丸组比,▲P<0.05,▲▲P<0.01。
由表3可知:
卵巢指数比较:与空白组相比,模型对照组大鼠卵巢指数明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与模型对照组比较,阳性对照组、中、高剂量组卵巢指数均升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01),低剂量组卵巢指数低于模型对照组,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。与阳性对照组比较,中剂量组卵巢指数较高,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),低剂量组明显低于阳性对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.01)。
子宫指数比较:与空白组相比,模型对照组大鼠子宫指数明显下降,差异具有统计学意义(P<0.01)。与模型对照组比较,阳性对照组、各剂量组子宫指数均升高,差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.01或0.05)。与阳性对照组比较,各剂量组子宫指数均升高,但差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。
以上结果表明环磷酰胺可直接损伤模型大鼠性腺,使其重量减轻,本发明方可解环磷酰胺的生殖毒性,使卵巢、子宫重量及脏器指数增加,以中、高剂量组效果明显,且疗效优于左归丸。
1.11.5组织病理学观察
光镜下观察大鼠卵巢细胞组织,如图1-6所示,模型对照组大鼠卵巢体积缩小,卵巢中的生长卵泡和黄体明显减少。治疗后各组大鼠卵巢组织生长卵泡较模型对照组明显增多,黄体体积大,闲锁卵泡少,以中剂量组较为明显。
观察大鼠子宫组织,如图7-12所示,模型对照组大鼠子宫体积明显缩小,内膜、肌层、浆膜层结构不清晰,内膜变薄,腺体明显减少、萎缩,子宫壁变薄。治疗后各组大鼠子宫病理表现较模型组有不同程度的改善,尤其表现在增加子宫内膜厚度方面,且以中剂量组较为明显。
综上所述,本发明方可有效治疗肾阴虚型卵巢早衰,降低血清FSH、LH水平,提高E2、AMH水平,促进卵泡发育和子宫内膜生长,改善卵巢功能,且疗效优于左归丸。
以上公开的仅为本发明的具体实施例,但是,本发明实施例并非局限于此,任何本领域的技术人员能思之的变化都应落入本发明的保护范围。
Claims (7)
1.一种治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其特征在于,其按重量份数计由以下原料制成:熟地8-20份、山萸肉6-10份、山药10-30份、枸杞10-15份、龟板胶6-10份、鹿角胶6-10份、菟丝子10-25份、川牛膝6-10份、补骨脂10-15份、桑寄生10-15份、续断10-15份、人参6-10份、黄芪10-30份、白术6-10份、当归10-15份、白芍10-15份、陈皮6-10份、炙甘草6-10份。
2.根据权利要求1提供的治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物,其特征在于,其按重量份数计由以下原料制成:熟地20份、山萸肉10份、山药10份、枸杞10份、龟板胶10份、鹿角胶10份、菟丝子10份、川牛膝7份、补骨脂10份、桑寄生10份、续断10份、人参10份、黄芪20份、白术10份、当归10份、白芍10份、陈皮9份、炙甘草6份。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,包括以下步骤:称取熟地、山萸肉、山药、枸杞、龟板胶、鹿角胶、菟丝子、川牛膝、补骨脂、桑寄生、续断、人参、黄芪、白术、当归、白芍、陈皮、炙甘草,混合,加水煎煮,收集煎煮液,即得所述中药组合物。
4.根据权利要求3所述的治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加水煎煮的具体过程为:取人参加入相当于其重量4-6倍量的水先煎40min,其他药材用相当于药材总重量10-12倍量的水浸泡30-60min后,与人参煎煮液合并煎煮1-2h,过滤,得第一次煎煮液;滤渣再加入6-8倍量的水煎煮40-60min,过滤,得第二次煎煮液,合并两次煎煮液,即得所述中药组合物。
5.根据权利要求4所述的治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述加水煎煮的具体过程为:取人参加入相当于其重量6倍量的水先煎40min,其他药材用相当于药材总重量10倍量的水浸泡30min后,与人参煎煮液合并煎煮1h,过滤,得第一次煎煮液;滤渣再加入8倍量的水煎煮40min,过滤,得第二次煎煮液,合并两次煎煮液,即得所述中药组合物。
6.根据权利要求3-5任一项所述的治疗卵巢早衰的中药组合物的制备方法,其特征在于,所述中药组合物能够进一步制备成药学上可接受的中药制剂。
7.根据权利要求1所述的中药组合物在制备治疗肾阴虚型卵巢早衰的药物中的应用。
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