CN113040002A - Cultivation method of morchella strain - Google Patents

Cultivation method of morchella strain Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113040002A
CN113040002A CN202110363041.7A CN202110363041A CN113040002A CN 113040002 A CN113040002 A CN 113040002A CN 202110363041 A CN202110363041 A CN 202110363041A CN 113040002 A CN113040002 A CN 113040002A
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China
Prior art keywords
morchella
parts
powder
culture medium
cultivation method
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CN202110363041.7A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
路等学
冉永红
叶丙鑫
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DINGXI CITY ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Institute of Biology of Gansu Academy of Sciences
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DINGXI CITY ACADEMY OF AGRICULTURAL SCIENCES
Institute of Biology of Gansu Academy of Sciences
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G18/00Cultivation of mushrooms
    • A01G18/20Culture media, e.g. compost

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Mycology (AREA)
  • Environmental Sciences (AREA)
  • Mushroom Cultivation (AREA)
  • Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method of morchella strains, which comprises the following steps: preparing an inoculation culture medium, inoculating morchella, preparing a culture medium and culturing a cultivated species. In the cultivation method of the morchella strain, the inoculation culture medium and the cultivation culture medium of the strain of the cultivated species adopt special biological agents, so that the pollution and adverse effects on the environment and human bodies in the cultivation process of the morchella are avoided; the cultivation method of the morchella strain is prepared by adopting a short steaming material sterilization method, so that the sterilization time is shortened, and the effect of 100% sterilization rate is achieved; according to the cultivation method of the morchella strain, pumpkin, apples, agar powder and glucose powder are used as raw materials of an inoculation culture medium, fermented cow dung, sawdust, wheat bran, rotten leaves, astragalus powder, beer grooves, lime powder and gypsum powder are used as the cultivation culture medium, and compared with the prior art, the cultivation method of the morchella strain is simple in formula and low in cost.

Description

Cultivation method of morchella strain
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation, in particular to a cultivation method of a morchella strain.
Background
Morchella esculenta, also known as bamboo grass, is a precious edible fungus and medicinal fungus. The Morchella esculenta is rich in nutrition, contains polysaccharide for inhibiting tumor, and active ingredients for resisting bacteria and viruses, and has effects of enhancing immunity of organism, resisting fatigue, resisting viruses, inhibiting tumor, etc. Since morchella is a precious wild fungus and can be sold in the market as a food material, the morchella needs to be planted and produced in a large area, and excellent morchella strains are needed for keeping the high quality and the high yield of the morchella.
At present, except for the traditional cultivation method. In some cultivation methods, inoculation of morchella has been performed after sterilization with chlorine fumigant, disinfectant, etc. in an environment such as an inoculation box and an inoculation chamber. However, the smell of fumigants and disinfectants can cause trouble to the operation of the inoculator and even cause physical harm to the operator. In addition, the cultivation method of the morchella is high in risk and easy to cause large-scale environmental pollution. In addition, the other part is cultivated by using wheat, the formula of the culture medium is complex, the cost is high, and sclerotium seeds are not recycled, for example, Chinese patent CN201010148565.6 discloses an indoor cultivation method of morchella and a greenhouse used by the same, and Chinese patent CN201010185727.3 discloses a rapid generation method of morchella sclerotium, wherein the two cultivation methods both use sclerotium seeds but are not recycled, and the cost is high because wheat is used for cultivating sclerotium. The last part has already started to cultivate morchella using wheat bran, for example chinese patent No. cn201710259118.x discloses a cultivation method of morchella, but this method still requires the use of NH4NO3、KH2PO4、MgSO4As the activating liquid, the substances have certain irritation to operators, and even cause stomachache, vomit, dyspnea and the like seriously, so the safety and environmental protection are still insufficient.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a cultivation method of morchella strains, and solve the problems of insufficient safety and environmental protection and high cultivation cost in the prior art.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a cultivation method of a morchella strain comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of an inoculation culture medium: removing seeds of fructus Cucurbitae Moschatae and fructus Mali Pumilae, slicing, adding distilled water, boiling, and filtering with gauze to obtain 500ml fruit juice; sequentially adding 10g of agar powder and 5g of glucose powder into the fruit juice, heating and stirring until the mixture is boiled, and pouring the mixture into a test tube to obtain an inoculation culture medium;
step 2, Morchella inoculation: under an aseptic environment, selecting a robust morchella strain and inoculating the robust morchella strain into the inoculation culture medium prepared in the step 1;
step 3, preparation of a culture medium: the cultivation medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of fermented cow dung, 30-40 parts of sawdust, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 5-8 parts of rotten leaves, 0.5-2 parts of astragalus powder, 0.8-2 parts of beer groove, 0.5-2 parts of lime powder and 0.5-1 part of gypsum powder; piling the wood chips for 5-8 days, prewetting by lime water prepared by lime powder, continuing fermenting the prewetted material for 2-3 days, and mixing the fermentation product with fermented cow dung, wheat bran, decomposed leaves, radix astragali powder, brewer's grains and gypsum powder; placing the mixture into a culture flask for high-temperature sterilization treatment to obtain a culture medium;
and 4, cultivating cultivars: and (3) inoculating the toadstool strains in the test tube in the step (2) into the culture medium prepared in the step (3), and then putting the toadstool strains into a culture room for hypha culture.
The cultivation method of the morchella strain comprises the following steps of: 40 parts of fermented cow dung, 35 parts of sawdust, 12 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of decomposed leaves, 1 part of astragalus powder, 0.8 part of beer groove, 1.2 parts of lime powder and 0.7 part of gypsum powder.
The cultivation method of the morchella strains is characterized in that the sterilization treatment in the step 3 is sterilization for 5 hours in a sterilization pot at normal pressure and 100 ℃, and then the sterilization is taken out and cooled to normal temperature.
The cultivation method of the morchella strains is characterized in that the test tube in the step 1 is sterilized for 2 hours in an autoclave at 125 ℃.
The cultivation method of the morchella strain comprises the steps of adding distilled water into the pumpkin and apple slices obtained in the step 1, boiling the pumpkin and apple slices, keeping the boiled pumpkin and apple slices for 20min, and filtering the boiled pumpkin and apple slices with gauze.
The cultivation method of the morchella strain is characterized in that the wood chips in the step 3 are stacked in an environment at 25 ℃ for 5-8 days.
The cultivation method of the morchella strains is characterized in that the water content of the pre-wetting material in the step 3 is 45-50%.
The cultivation method of the morchella strains is characterized in that the pH value of the cultivation medium in the step 3 is 6.5-7.5.
3. Advantageous effects
In conclusion, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) in the cultivation method of the morchella strain, the inoculation culture medium and the cultivation culture medium of the strain of the cultivated species adopt special biological agents, so that the pollution and adverse effects on the environment and human bodies in the cultivation process of the morchella are avoided;
(2) the cultivation method of the morchella strain is prepared by adopting a short steaming material sterilization method, so that the sterilization time is shortened, and the effect of 100% sterilization rate is achieved;
(3) according to the cultivation method of the morchella strain, pumpkin, apples, agar powder and glucose powder are used as raw materials of an inoculation culture medium, fermented cow dung, sawdust, wheat bran, rotten leaves, astragalus powder, beer grooves, lime powder and gypsum powder are used as the cultivation culture medium, and compared with the prior art, the cultivation method of the morchella strain is simple in formula and low in cost.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
a cultivation method of a morchella strain comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparation of an inoculation culture medium: removing seeds of fructus Cucurbitae Moschatae and fructus Mali Pumilae, slicing, adding distilled water, boiling, and filtering with gauze to obtain 500ml fruit juice; sequentially adding 10g of agar powder and 5g of glucose powder into the fruit juice, heating and stirring until the mixture is boiled, and pouring the mixture into a test tube to obtain an inoculation culture medium;
step 2, Morchella inoculation: under an aseptic environment, selecting a robust morchella strain and inoculating the robust morchella strain into the inoculation culture medium prepared in the step 1;
step 3, preparation of a culture medium: the cultivation medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of fermented cow dung, 35 parts of sawdust, 12 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of decomposed leaves, 1 part of astragalus powder, 0.8 part of beer groove, 1.2 parts of lime powder and 0.7 part of gypsum powder; stacking the wood chips at 25 ℃ for 5-8 days, prewetting by lime water prepared from lime powder, controlling the water content to be 45%, continuously fermenting the prewetted material for 2-3 days, and mixing the fermentation product with fermented cow dung, wheat bran, rotten leaves, radix astragali powder, brewer's grains and gypsum powder to enable the pH value of the whole culture medium to be 7; placing the mixture into a culture bottle, sterilizing for 5h in a sterilizing pot at normal pressure and 100 ℃, and then taking out and cooling to normal temperature to obtain a culture medium;
and 4, cultivating cultivars: and (3) inoculating the toadstool strains in the test tube in the step (2) into the culture medium prepared in the step (3), and then putting the toadstool strains into a culture room for hypha culture.
Preferably, the test tube of step 1 is sterilized in an autoclave at 125 ℃ for 2 hours.
Preferably, the pumpkin and apple slices of step 1 are boiled in distilled water and then kept for 20min, and then filtered by gauze.
Example 2:
step 3, preparation of a culture medium: the cultivation medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of fermented cow dung, 40 parts of sawdust, 11 parts of wheat bran, 7 parts of decomposed leaves, 0.5 part of astragalus powder, 1.2 parts of beer grooves, 1 part of lime powder and 1 part of gypsum powder; stacking the wood chips at 25 ℃ for 5-8 days, prewetting by lime water prepared from lime powder, controlling the water content to 47%, continuously fermenting the prewetted material for 2-3 days, and mixing the fermentation product with fermented cow dung, wheat bran, rotten leaves, radix astragali powder, brewer's grains and gypsum powder to enable the pH value of the whole culture medium to be 7.5; placing the mixture into a culture bottle, sterilizing in a sterilizing pot at normal pressure and 100 deg.C for 5 hr, taking out, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain culture medium.
The other steps of example 4 are the same as example 1.
Example 3:
step 3, preparation of a culture medium: the cultivation medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 32 parts of fermented cow dung, 38 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of wheat bran, 8 parts of decomposed leaves, 0.6 part of astragalus powder, 1.5 parts of beer grooves, 2 parts of lime powder and 1 part of gypsum powder; stacking the wood chips at 25 ℃ for 5-8 days, prewetting by lime water prepared from lime powder, controlling the water content to be 48%, continuing fermenting the prewetted material for 2-3 days, and mixing the fermentation product with fermented cow dung, wheat bran, rotten leaves, radix astragali powder, brewer's grains and gypsum powder to enable the pH value of the whole culture medium to be 7; placing the mixture into a culture bottle, sterilizing in a sterilizing pot at normal pressure and 100 deg.C for 5 hr, taking out, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain culture medium.
The other steps of example 4 are the same as example 1.
Example 4:
step 3, preparation of a culture medium: the cultivation medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 35 parts of fermented cow dung, 30 parts of sawdust, 10 parts of wheat bran, 6 parts of decomposed leaves, 0.6 part of astragalus powder, 0.9 part of beer groove, 1.5 parts of lime powder and 1 part of gypsum powder; stacking the wood chips at 25 ℃ for 5-8 days, prewetting by lime water prepared from lime powder, controlling the water content to 47%, continuously fermenting the prewetted material for 2-3 days, and mixing the fermentation product with fermented cow dung, wheat bran, rotten leaves, radix astragali powder, brewer's grains and gypsum powder to enable the pH value of the whole culture medium to be 7; placing the mixture into a culture bottle, sterilizing in a sterilizing pot at normal pressure and 100 deg.C for 5 hr, taking out, and cooling to normal temperature to obtain culture medium.
The other steps of example 4 are the same as example 1.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (8)

1. A cultivation method of a morchella strain is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparation of an inoculation culture medium: removing seeds of fructus Cucurbitae Moschatae and fructus Mali Pumilae, slicing, adding distilled water, boiling, and filtering with gauze to obtain 500ml fruit juice; sequentially adding 10g of agar powder and 5g of glucose powder into the fruit juice, heating and stirring until the mixture is boiled, and pouring the mixture into a test tube to obtain an inoculation culture medium;
step 2, Morchella inoculation: under an aseptic environment, selecting a robust morchella strain and inoculating the robust morchella strain into the inoculation culture medium prepared in the step 1;
step 3, preparation of a culture medium: the cultivation medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-40 parts of fermented cow dung, 30-40 parts of sawdust, 10-15 parts of wheat bran, 5-8 parts of rotten leaves, 0.5-2 parts of astragalus powder, 0.8-2 parts of beer groove, 0.5-2 parts of lime powder and 0.5-1 part of gypsum powder; piling the wood chips for 5-8 days, prewetting by lime water prepared by lime powder, continuing fermenting the prewetted material for 2-3 days, and mixing the fermentation product with fermented cow dung, wheat bran, decomposed leaves, radix astragali powder, brewer's grains and gypsum powder; placing the mixture into a culture flask for high-temperature sterilization treatment to obtain a culture medium;
and 4, cultivating cultivars: and (3) inoculating the toadstool strains in the test tube in the step (2) into the culture medium prepared in the step (3), and then putting the toadstool strains into a culture room for hypha culture.
2. The cultivation method of morchella species according to claim 1, characterized in that: the cultivation medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of fermented cow dung, 35 parts of sawdust, 12 parts of wheat bran, 5 parts of decomposed leaves, 1 part of astragalus powder, 0.8 part of beer groove, 1.2 parts of lime powder and 0.7 part of gypsum powder.
3. The cultivation method of morchella species according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the sterilization treatment in the step 3 is to sterilize for 5 hours in a sterilization pot at the normal pressure of 100 ℃, and then take out and cool to the normal temperature.
4. The cultivation method of morchella species according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) sterilizing the test tube in the step 1 for 2 hours by using an autoclave at 125 ℃.
5. The cultivation method of morchella species according to claim 1, characterized in that: and (3) adding distilled water into the pumpkin and apple slices obtained in the step (1), boiling, keeping for 20min, and filtering with gauze.
6. The cultivation method of morchella species according to claim 1, characterized in that: and stacking the wood chips obtained in the step 3 at 25 ℃ for 5-8 days.
7. The cultivation method of morchella species according to claim 1, characterized in that: the water content of the pre-wetting material in the step 3 is 45-50%.
8. The cultivation method of morchella species according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pH value of the culture medium in the step 3 is 6.5-7.5.
CN202110363041.7A 2021-04-02 2021-04-02 Cultivation method of morchella strain Pending CN113040002A (en)

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Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106069185A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-11-09 铜仁市侗菇菌业发展有限公司 A kind of breeding method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers
WO2017219394A1 (en) * 2016-06-24 2017-12-28 四川省大真科技有限责任公司 Seed production method of cultivated species of edible fungus and cultivation method of cultivated species and edible fungus prepared thereby
CN108967050A (en) * 2018-08-28 2018-12-11 临沂瑞泽生物科技股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of agaricus bisporus strain
CN110506569A (en) * 2019-09-22 2019-11-29 襄阳职业技术学院 A kind of breeding method of hickory chick strain

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN106069185A (en) * 2016-06-15 2016-11-09 铜仁市侗菇菌业发展有限公司 A kind of breeding method of Morchella esculenta (L.) Pers
WO2017219394A1 (en) * 2016-06-24 2017-12-28 四川省大真科技有限责任公司 Seed production method of cultivated species of edible fungus and cultivation method of cultivated species and edible fungus prepared thereby
CN108967050A (en) * 2018-08-28 2018-12-11 临沂瑞泽生物科技股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of agaricus bisporus strain
CN110506569A (en) * 2019-09-22 2019-11-29 襄阳职业技术学院 A kind of breeding method of hickory chick strain

Non-Patent Citations (2)

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Title
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杨绍彬,等: "羊肚菌菌种营养基质的研究", 食用菌, 31 December 1998 (1998-12-31), pages 6 - 7 *

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