CN113039084A - 用于保护车辆的混动动力传动系的混动离合器的方法 - Google Patents

用于保护车辆的混动动力传动系的混动离合器的方法 Download PDF

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CN113039084A
CN113039084A CN201980076067.4A CN201980076067A CN113039084A CN 113039084 A CN113039084 A CN 113039084A CN 201980076067 A CN201980076067 A CN 201980076067A CN 113039084 A CN113039084 A CN 113039084A
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electric motor
hybrid
clutch
slip
speed
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拉夫·曼斯皮尔格
蒂莫·恩德斯
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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Schaeffler Technologies AG and Co KG
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    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/42—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by the architecture of the hybrid electric vehicle
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    • B60K6/442—Series-parallel switching type
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    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
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    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
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    • F16D48/06—Control by electric or electronic means, e.g. of fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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    • B60K—ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K6/00—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00
    • B60K6/20—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs
    • B60K6/22—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs
    • B60K6/26—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators
    • B60K2006/266—Arrangement or mounting of plural diverse prime-movers for mutual or common propulsion, e.g. hybrid propulsion systems comprising electric motors and internal combustion engines ; Control systems therefor, i.e. systems controlling two or more prime movers, or controlling one of these prime movers and any of the transmission, drive or drive units Informative references: mechanical gearings with secondary electric drive F16H3/72; arrangements for handling mechanical energy structurally associated with the dynamo-electric machine H02K7/00; machines comprising structurally interrelated motor and generator parts H02K51/00; dynamo-electric machines not otherwise provided for in H02K see H02K99/00 the prime-movers consisting of electric motors and internal combustion engines, e.g. HEVs characterised by apparatus, components or means specially adapted for HEVs characterised by the motors or the generators with two coaxial motors or generators
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于保护车辆的混动动力传动系统的混动离合器的方法，其中，内燃机(2)、设置在内燃机侧的第一电动机(4)和设置在从动侧上的第二电动机(6)通过混动离合器(5)与混动动力传动系(1)的从动装置(7)连接或分离，其方式是：将通过内燃机(2)和/或第一电动机(4)和/或第二电动机(6)输出的扭矩传递到混动动力传动系(1)的驱动轮(7)上。在方法中，当在混动离合器(5)上出现不希望的滑移转速(ΔnS)时，对第一电动机(4)加载扭矩，以补偿不希望的滑移转速(ΔnS)。

Description

用于保护车辆的混动动力传动系的混动离合器的方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于保护车辆的混动动力传动系的混动离合器的方法，其中，内燃机、设置在内燃机侧的第一电动机和设置在从动侧的第二电动机将扭矩通过混动离合器传递到混动动力传动系的从动装置上，其方式是：将通过内燃机和/或第一电动机和/或第二电动机输出的扭矩传递到混动驱动装置的驱动轮上。
背景技术
从申请人尚未公开的申请号为10 2018 126 881.5的德国专利申请中，已知一种动力传动系中的混动模块，该混动模块具有内燃机和两个电动机，其中第一电动机刚性地与内燃机连接并且第二电动机与车辆的从动装置连接，其中在第一电动机和第二电动机之间设置有混动离合器。
从DE 10 2005 029 566 A1中已知一种用于保护车辆的自动操纵的离合器免于过载的方法，其中，确定车辆的行驶状况并且持续检测输入离合器的能量。根据所确定的行驶状况和输入的能量，通过有针对性地干预车辆管理，可以减少或完全避免过载状态。
DE 10 2009 014 467 A1公开了一种用于控制自动摩擦离合器的方法，其中，在摩擦离合器的传递能力太低时，降低内燃机的发动机扭矩。在此当超过预设的接合行程并且超过摩擦离合器的滑移时，发动机扭矩根据滑移减小。内燃机的发动机扭矩的这种减小具有以下缺点：内燃机的点火被中断，这导致未燃烧的汽油的排出，这可导致环境污染和提高的失火危险。另外，尽管有驾驶员期望扭矩，却体验不到加速度或仅体验车辆的负加速度，对驾驶员而言是不舒服的。
发明内容
本发明的目的是，提出一种用于保护混动动力传动系的混动离合器的方法，其中，当确定不期望的提高的滑移转速时，提高混动离合器的机械部件保护并且改善环境保护。
根据本发明，其目的通过如下方式实现：当在混动离合器上出现不希望的滑移转速时，将扭矩施加给第一电动机，以补偿不希望的滑移转速。因此，不希望的滑移转速的补偿实现正常地继续运行混动动力传动系，其中不仅改善了环境保护，而且还同时通过降低混动离合器摩擦衬片的热负荷而改善了离合器的机械部件保护。在此，行驶舒适性不受影响。
有利地，对第一电动机激活用于设定预设的目标转速的转速调节。由此，第一电动机以如下转速操控：所述转速在量值上对应于混动离合器在离合器输入侧及离合器输出侧上的转速差。由此，可以可靠地补偿滑移转速。
在一个设计方案中，预设的目标转速对应于第二电动机的实际转速。由于该第二电动机在运行中，因此通过第一电动机的转速的这种补偿，在混动离合器的两侧设定相同的转速，因此能够简单地克服滑移。
在一个变型方案中，第一电动机用作发电机，用于为第二电动机提供能量。由此提高第二电动机在电动行驶中的效率，其方式是：可以在低速时无排放地执行市内的行驶。
在一个实施方式中，由第二电动机提供内燃机的缺少的扭矩。由此可以放弃内燃机控制装置的点火角的调节。由此防止未燃烧的燃料被引导到环境中，这又有助于保护环境。另外，确保在混动离合器的两侧始终存在相同的转速，从而最大离合器扭矩可以通过混动离合器传递。
在另一个设计方案中，监测混动离合器的当前滑移转速，并且在当前滑移转速超过预设的滑移转速阈值时，识别出不期望的滑移转速的出现。由此，迅速触发所提出的方法以提前抑制不希望的滑移状态，该滑移状态可能导致对混动离合器的损坏。
在一个实施方式中，预设的滑移转速阈值小于或等于每分钟10转的量值。由此在非常低的、例如由于机械或电的故障而可能发生的滑移转速下，也已经可以在混动动力传动系运行时采取用于完全闭合混动离合器的措施。
在一种变型方案中，混动离合器在补偿不希望的滑移转速之前沿关闭方向运动，其中当混动离合器不能闭合时，触发滑移转速补偿。随着混动离合器的闭合，应迅速克服不可预见的滑移。
替选地，在补偿不希望的滑移转速之前，混动离合器沿断开方向运动，其中当混动离合器不能断开时，触发滑移转速补偿。混动离合器的断开虽然防止混动驱动装置借助内燃机运行，但确保避免对混动离合器造成机械损坏。
附图说明
本发明允许许多实施方式。参考附图中详细地示出的图来解释其中之一。
附图示出：
图1示出了用于执行根据本发明的方法的混动动力传动系的实施例，
图2示出了根据本发明的方法的实施例。
具体实施方式
图1中示出了混动动力传动系1的实施例，借助该混动动力传动系来执行根据本发明的方法。该混动动力传动系1包括内燃机2，该内燃机经由其曲轴3抗扭地耦联至第一电动机4。第一电动机4在此与混动离合器5的离合器输入侧连接。混动离合器5的离合器输出侧耦联至第二电动机6，该第二电动机与用作为驱动件的车轮7连接。
在图2中示出了根据本发明的方法的实施例，该方法被存储在混动动力传动系1的未进一步示出的离合器控制器的软件中。该方法包括离合器保护策略。在此该方法在框100中初始化。在框110中检查滑移转速ΔnS是否大于预定的滑移阈值SS，该滑移转速在离合器控制器中由在混动离合器5的输入侧和输出侧出现的两个转速nE，nA之间的差计算得出。如果是这种情况，则推断出不希望的滑移转速ΔnS，因为由混动离合器5传递的扭矩小于混动离合器5的期望的额定扭矩。
随后，过渡至框120，在此尝试闭合混动离合器5。如果这是可行的，则返回到框110，并监测混动离合器5的关于不希望的滑移的进一步状态。如果在框120中确定混动离合器5不能关闭，则在框130中尝试打开离合器。当混动离合器5打开时，摩擦功率进而离合器温度应降低。如果这是成功的，则返回框110。
如果不能打开混动离合器5，则在框140中激活用于第一电动机4的转速调节。转速调节在此以如下方式工作：使得将第二电动机6的实际转速nIst预设为第一电动机4的目标转速nz。第一电动机4吸收混动离合器5的不可传递的转矩作为制动扭矩。由此，完全消除滑移转速ΔnS。以这种方式，禁止混动动力传动系1的加速。不期望的加速不损害驾驶舒适性。随后，在框150中，通过第二电动机6的附加转矩补偿内燃机2的不再能够由混动离合器5传递的缺失扭矩。用于此的能量由第一电动机4提供。
附图标记说明
1混动动力传动系 2内燃机 3曲轴 4第一电动机 5混动离合器 6第二电动机 7车轮 ΔnS滑移转速阈值 nE输入转速 nA输出转速 SS滑移转速阈值值 nZ第一电动机的目标转速 nIst第二电动机的实际转速。

Claims (9)

1.一种用于保护车辆的混动动力传动系的混动离合器的方法，其中，内燃机(2)、设置在内燃机侧的第一电动机(4)和设置在从动侧上的第二电动机(6)通过混动离合器(5)与混动动力传动系(1)的从动装置(7)连接或分离，其方式是：将通过所述内燃机(2)和/或所述第一电动机(4)和/或所述第二电动机(6)输出的扭矩传递到所述混动动力传动系(1)的驱动轮(7)上，其特征在于，当在混动离合器(5)上出现不希望的滑移转速(ΔnS)时，对所述第一电动机(4)加载转矩，以补偿不希望的滑移转速(ΔnS)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的方法，其特征在于，用于设定预设的目标转速(nz)的转速控制被用于激活第一电机(4)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的方法，其特征在于，所述预设的目标转速(nz)对应于所述第二电动机(6)的实际转速(nIst)。
4.根据权利要求1、2或3所述的方法，其特征在于，所述第一电动机(4)用作对所述第二电动机(6)提供能量的发电机。
5.根据权利要求4所述的方法，其特征在于，通过所述第二电动机(6)提供所述内燃机(2)的缺失转矩。
6.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，监测所述混动离合器(5)的当前的滑移转速(ΔnS)，并且当所述当前的滑移转速(ΔnS)超过预设的滑移转速阈值(SS)时，识别到出现不希望的滑移转速(ΔnS)。
7.根据权利要求6所述的方法，其特征在于，所述预设的滑移转速阈值(SS)小于/等于每分钟十转的量值。
8.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在补偿不期望的滑移转速(ΔnS)之前，将混动离合器(5)在闭合方向上运动，其中当混动离合器(5)不能闭合时，触发滑移转速(ΔnS)的补偿。
9.根据前述权利要求中的至少一项所述的方法，其特征在于，在补偿不期望的滑移转速(ΔnS)之前，将混动离合器(5)在断开方向上运动，其中当混动离合器(5)不能断开时，触发滑移转速(ΔnS)的补偿。
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