CN113037061B - Inductive current detection circuit and switching power supply using same - Google Patents
Inductive current detection circuit and switching power supply using same Download PDFInfo
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- CN113037061B CN113037061B CN202110260755.5A CN202110260755A CN113037061B CN 113037061 B CN113037061 B CN 113037061B CN 202110260755 A CN202110260755 A CN 202110260755A CN 113037061 B CN113037061 B CN 113037061B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/08—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters
- H02M1/088—Circuits specially adapted for the generation of control voltages for semiconductor devices incorporated in static converters for the simultaneous control of series or parallel connected semiconductor devices
Abstract
The invention discloses an inductive current detection circuit and a switching power supply applying the same.A inductive current reconstruction unit obtains the change rate of the inductive current in a time period of a conducting state or a time period of a switching-off state according to the voltage of a switching node and the conducting state time or the switching-off state time of a main switching tube, so as to obtain the current of an inductor in the corresponding time period; the current sampling unit samples the magnitude of the inductive current in the on-state time period or the off-state time period of the main switching tube in real time, and a complete inductive current signal in a switching period can be obtained according to the inductive current reconstruction unit and the current sampling unit, so that the sampling accuracy of the inductive current is improved, and the application range of the switching power supply can be expanded.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power electronics, in particular to an inductive current detection circuit and a switching power supply using the same.
Background
In the use of the switching power supply, it is necessary to provide a stable output signal to the load, and the prior art generally controls the magnitude of the output signal by controlling the on/off of a main switching tube in the switching power supply. The double-current control method in the traditional switching power supply is characterized in that inductive current information in the switching power supply is sampled, the switching-off of a main switching tube is controlled according to the error comparison of the sampled inductive current signal and a first reference signal, and the switching-on of the main switching tube is controlled according to the error comparison of the sampled inductive current signal and a second reference signal, so that an output signal is controlled to be an expected required value.
However, in the above control scheme, the sampling process of the inductive current is affected by various factors, which may cause inaccurate sampled signals, for example, if the switching time of the main switching tube of the switching power supply, such as the on-time or the off-time, is relatively short, and because of the influence of the noise of the main switching tube, a certain blanking time needs to be set after the main switching tube is turned on or off, the inductive current information sampled after the blanking time is inaccurate, so the adjustment width of the input signal or the output signal of the switching power supply is limited, which affects the application range of the switching power supply.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a method for constructing an inductor current within a certain switching time by means of reconstruction, so as to solve the technical problem of inaccurate inductor current sampling in the prior art.
The technical solution of the present invention is to provide an inductor current detection circuit, which is applied to a switching power supply, wherein the switching power supply includes a main switching tube and an inductor, the inductor current detection circuit includes a current reconstruction unit and a current sampling unit, and the current reconstruction unit obtains an inductor current change rate in a first time period according to a switching node voltage of the main switching tube and a switching time of the main switching tube to obtain a first inductor current signal; the current sampling unit samples the magnitude of the inductive current of the main switching tube in a second time period in real time to obtain a second inductive current signal; the first time period and the second time period form a switching cycle, and the first inductor current signal and the second inductor current signal serve as inductor current signals in the switching cycle.
Preferably, the current reconstruction unit includes a sampling circuit, a filter circuit, and a conversion unit, the sampling circuit receives the voltage signal of the switch node voltage in the second time period to obtain a first sampling signal, the first sampling signal is saved and used as a first voltage signal at the end time of the second time period, and the filter circuit receives the voltage signal of the switch node voltage in the first time period and the second time period to obtain a second voltage signal; the conversion unit comprises two input ends, the two input ends are used for respectively receiving a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal, the two input ends are short-circuited in the second time period, and the difference value of the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal is converted into a difference current signal in the first time period.
Preferably, the sampling circuit includes a first resistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the filter circuit includes the first resistor and the second capacitor, the first resistor and the second capacitor are connected in series, the first capacitor is connected in series with the first resistor through a first switch, and the first switch is turned on in a second time period.
Preferably, the current reconstruction unit includes a sampling circuit, a first filter circuit, a second filter circuit, and a conversion unit, and in the second time period, the sampling circuit receives a voltage signal of the switching node voltage to obtain a first sampling signal; during the first time period, the first filter circuit receives a voltage signal of the switch node voltage to obtain a first voltage signal; the second filter circuit receives a voltage signal of the switch node voltage to obtain a second voltage signal; the conversion unit comprises two input ends, the two input ends are used for respectively receiving a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal, the two input ends are short-circuited in the second time period, and the difference value of the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal is converted into a difference current signal in the first time period.
Preferably, the sampling circuit includes a first resistor, a second resistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first filter circuit includes the second resistor and the first capacitor, the second filter circuit includes the first resistor and the second capacitor, the first resistor and the second capacitor are connected in series, the first capacitor is connected in series with the first resistor through a first switch, and the first switch is turned on during a second time period; the second resistor is connected with the first capacitor in series; the time constant of the filter circuit formed by the second resistor and the first capacitor is larger than that of the filter circuit formed by the first resistor and the first capacitor.
Preferably, the current reconstruction unit includes an initial current unit, the initial current unit receives a sampled current signal representing the inductor current information, the initial current unit charges a charging capacitor with the sampled current signal in a second time period, and a voltage signal at two ends of the charging capacitor is converted by a voltage and a current to be used as an initial current signal; the difference current signal and the initial current signal are added as the first inductor current signal.
Preferably, the first time period is a main switching tube on time period, and the second time period is a main switching tube off time period.
Preferably, the conversion unit is a transconductance amplifier, and two input ends of the transconductance amplifier respectively receive the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to output the difference current signal.
Preferably, the conversion unit is a subtractor and a voltage-to-current converter,
two input ends of the subtracter respectively receive the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal and carry out difference operation to obtain a difference voltage signal,
the voltage-to-current converter converts the difference voltage signal to the difference current signal.
The invention discloses a switching power supply, which comprises a switching unit, an inductor and the inductive current detection circuit, wherein the switching unit comprises a main switching tube and a follow current switching tube which are connected in series, and the inductive current detection circuit obtains an inductive current signal according to the switching node voltage between the main switching tube and the inductor and the switching time of the main switching tube.
Compared with the prior art, the inductance current detection circuit structure has the advantages that the inductance current reconstruction unit obtains the inductance current change rate in the on-state time period or the off-state time period according to the switch node voltage and the on-state time or the off-state time of the main switch tube, so that the current magnitude of the inductance in the corresponding time period is obtained; the current sampling unit samples the magnitude of the inductive current in the on-state time period or the off-state time period of the main switching tube in real time, and a complete inductive current signal in a switching period can be obtained according to the inductive current reconstruction unit and the current sampling unit, so that the sampling accuracy of the inductive current is improved, and the application range of the switching power supply can be expanded.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a switching power supply according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a current reconstruction unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of an initial current cell according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a current reconstruction unit according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to only these embodiments. The invention is intended to cover alternatives, modifications, equivalents and alternatives which may be included within the spirit and scope of the invention.
In the following description of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details.
The invention is described in more detail in the following paragraphs by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the drawings are in simplified form and are not to precise scale, which is only used for convenience and clarity to assist in describing the embodiments of the present invention.
Referring to the circuit diagrams of fig. 1 to 3, fig. 1 is a circuit block diagram of a switching power supply according to the present invention; fig. 2 is a circuit diagram of a first embodiment of a current reconstruction unit according to the present invention, and fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of an embodiment of an initial current unit according to the present invention.
In one embodiment, the inductor current detection circuit is applied to a switching power supply, the switching power supply is a buck switching power supply, but not limited thereto, the buck switching power supply includes a switching unit and an inductor, the switching unit includes a main switching tube M1 and a freewheeling switching tube M2 connected in series, and the inductor current detection circuit obtains an inductor current signal, such as voltage information at a point, according to a switching node voltage between the main switching tube and the inductor.
In one example, as shown in fig. 1, the inductor current detection circuit includes a current reconstruction unit and a current sampling unit, the current reconstruction unit obtains an inductor current change rate in a first time period according to a switching node voltage of the main switching tube and a switching time of the main switching tube to obtain a first inductor current signal, for example, a voltage signal at a point a is represented by voltage dividing resistors R3 and R4, and the voltage signal represents information of the inductor current; the current sampling unit samples the magnitude of the inductive current of the main switching tube in a second time period in real time to obtain a second inductive current signal; the first time period and the second time period form a switching cycle, and the first inductor current signal and the second inductor current signal serve as inductor current signals in the switching cycle.
Specifically, the current reconstruction unit comprises a sampling circuit, a filter circuit and a conversion unit, wherein the sampling circuit comprises a first resistor R1,A first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2, the filter circuit including the first resistor R1 and the second capacitor C2. Here, the sampling circuit and the filter circuit share the first resistor, but those skilled in the art will recognize that the two circuits may be replaced by resistors, respectively. In the second time period, the sampling circuit receives a voltage signal of the switch node voltage, here, a voltage signal after voltage division through a voltage dividing resistor, such as a voltage at a point B, which is in a certain proportional relation with the inductive current, so as to obtain a first voltage signal VSWCH(ii) a In the first time period, the filter circuit receives a voltage signal of the switch node voltage to obtain a second voltage signal VSW. Here, the first time period is a main switching tube on time period, and the second time period is a main switching tube off time period.
In one example, the conversion unit comprises two input terminals respectively receiving the first voltage signal VSWCHAnd a second voltage signal VSWDuring a second time period, the two input terminals are short-circuited, which is implemented by the first voltage signal VSWCHAnd a second voltage signal VSWIn the second time period, the sampling signal output by the sampling circuit is equal to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal, so that the two input ends of the conversion unit are short-circuited. In a first time period, the conversion unit comprises two input ends for receiving a first voltage signal VSWCHAnd a second voltage signal VSWConverting the difference between the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal into a difference current signal, and maintaining the first voltage signal V at a certain value during a first periodSWCHAnd a second voltage signal VSWThe sizes are different.
In one embodiment, the conversion unit is a transconductance amplifier GM1, and as shown in fig. 2, two input terminals of the transconductance amplifier respectively receive the first voltage signal VSWCHAnd a second voltage signal VSWTo output the difference current signal Δ I; in another embodiment, the converting unit is a subtractor and a voltage-to-current converter, and two input terminals of the subtractor respectively receive the first powerThe voltage signal and the second voltage signal are subjected to a difference operation to obtain a difference voltage signal, and the voltage-to-current converter converts the difference voltage signal into a difference current signal Δ I, which is not shown in fig. 2.
According to the circuit structure, during the conduction period of the main power tube, for the inductor working current, the following steps are provided:
wherein Vin-Vout is absolute value, R is resistance of resistor in circuit, C1 is capacitance of capacitor C1, and K is proportionality constant.
For the inductance, there are
Combining equation (1) and equation (2) yields:
as can be seen from equation (3), the voltage change value of the capacitor C1 is proportional to the current change rate of the inductor, so that, with the above circuit structure of the present invention, the difference change of the voltage obtained by the first filter circuit and the second filter circuit can represent the change rate of the inductor current, and thus the inductor current during the conduction period of the main power tube can be obtained.
The circuit structure of the embodiment obtains the part of the inductor current reconstruction through the filter circuit, and the circuit structure is simple and easy to realize.
In one example, the current reconstruction unit includes an initial current unit, as shown in fig. 3, and the inductor current may not rise from zero in the continuous operation mode of the switching circuit, so that the initial inductor current may need to be increased by a magnitude different from zero. Referring to fig. 3, the initial current unit receives a sampled current signal representing the inductor current informationIn a second time period, the initial current unit charges a charging capacitor with the sampling current signal, and voltage signals at two ends of the charging capacitor are converted into initial current signals; the difference current signal and the initial current signal are added as the first inductor current signal. Referring to fig. 3, the initial current unit includes a charging capacitor C3, the switch states of a switch K0 and a switch K1 are the same as the switch state of a switch M2, during the period that the switch M2 is turned on, the inductor current is sampled to charge the capacitor C3, a signal VG representing the magnitude of the inductor current forms a current I1 through a current mirror circuit formed by S1 and S2, when the switch M2 is turned off, the switch K0 and the switch K1 are both turned off, at this time, the current I1 represents the current magnitude at this time and is stored, and in the next period, when the main power tube M1 is turned on, the current I1 is used as the initial current. The difference current signal and the initial current signal are added as the first inductor current signal, denoted as I in fig. 2Structure of the organization. Therefore, the inductive current information in the main power conduction period can be accurately obtained.
Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a circuit diagram of a second embodiment of a current reconstruction unit according to the present invention. The sampling circuit comprises a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a first capacitor C1 and a second capacitor C2, the first filter circuit comprises the second resistor R2 and the first capacitor C1, the second filter circuit comprises the first resistor R1 and the second capacitor C2, the sampling circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a first capacitor and a second capacitor, the first filter circuit comprises the second resistor and the first capacitor, and the second filter circuit comprises the first resistor and the second capacitor. The first resistor is connected in series with the second capacitor, the first capacitor is connected in series with the first resistor through a first switch, and the first switch is turned on in a second time period; the second resistor is connected with the first capacitor in series; the time constant of the filter circuit formed by the second resistor and the first capacitor is larger than that of the filter circuit formed by the first resistor and the second capacitor.
In this embodiment, the first filter circuit and the second filter circuitThe filter circuit and the sampling circuit share resistor and capacitor devices. In the second time period, the sampling signal output by the sampling circuit is equal to the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal, and therefore, two input ends of the conversion unit are short-circuited. In a first time period, the signal output by the first filter circuit is taken as the first voltage signal VSWCHThe signal output by the second filter circuit is used as the second voltage signal VSWThe conversion unit comprises two input ends for receiving a first voltage signal VSWCHAnd a second voltage signal VSWAnd converts the difference between the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal into a difference current signal, the implementation of the conversion unit is the same as the previous embodiment. In this embodiment, the filter circuit formed by the second resistor R2 and the first capacitor C1 filters the inductor current in the whole switching period, so that the obtained voltage signal is closer to the true value of the voltage at two ends of the inductor, the current difference signal is more accurate, the change rate of the obtained inductor current signal is accurate, and the magnitude of the inductor current is more accurate.
In the above example, the first time period is a main switching tube on time period, and the second time period is a main switching tube off time period, and those skilled in the art will know that the first time period may also be a main switching tube off time period, and the second time period is a main switching tube on time period, so that the current reconstruction unit reconstructs an inductance current value of the off time period, and the current sampling unit samples an inductance current value of the on time period, and the control process of the current sampling unit is similar to the above process, and is also within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to the inductive current detection circuit structure, the inductive current reconstruction unit obtains the inductive current change rate in the on-state time period or the off-state time period according to the switch node voltage and the on-state time or the off-state time of the main switch tube, so as to obtain the current magnitude of the inductor in the corresponding time period; the current sampling unit samples the magnitude of the inductive current in the on-state time period or the off-state time period of the main switching tube in real time, and a complete inductive current signal in a switching period can be obtained according to the inductive current reconstruction unit and the current sampling unit, so that the sampling accuracy of the inductive current is improved, and the application range of the switching power supply can be expanded.
The above-described embodiments do not limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the above-described embodiments should be included in the protection scope of the technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. An inductive current detection circuit is applied to a switching power supply, the switching power supply comprises a main switching tube and an inductor, and is characterized in that the inductive current detection circuit comprises a current reconstruction unit and a current sampling unit,
the current reconstruction unit charges and discharges a first capacitor according to the switching node voltage of the main switching tube and the switching time of the main switching tube to obtain the inductance current change rate in a first time period so as to obtain a first inductance current signal;
the current sampling unit samples the magnitude of the inductive current of the main switching tube in a second time period in real time to obtain a second inductive current signal;
the first time period and the second time period form a switching cycle, and the first inductor current signal and the second inductor current signal serve as inductor current signals in the switching cycle.
2. The inductor current detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the current reconstruction unit includes a sampling circuit, a filter circuit, and a conversion unit,
in the second time period, the sampling circuit receives the voltage signal of the voltage of the switching node to obtain a first sampling signal, and at the end time of the second time period, the first sampling signal is stored as a first voltage signal;
during the first time period and the second time period, the filter circuit receives a voltage signal of the switch node voltage to obtain a second voltage signal;
the conversion unit comprises two input ends, the two input ends are used for respectively receiving a first voltage signal and a second voltage signal, the two input ends are short-circuited in the second time period, and the difference value of the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal is converted into a difference current signal in the first time period.
3. The inductor current sense circuit of claim 2, wherein the sampling circuit comprises a first resistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor, wherein the filtering circuit comprises the first resistor and the second capacitor,
the first resistor is connected with the second capacitor in series, the first capacitor is connected with the first resistor in series through a first switch, and the first switch is conducted in a second time period;
wherein the sampling circuit and the filtering circuit share the first resistor and the second capacitor.
4. The inductor current detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the current reconstruction unit comprises a sampling circuit, a first filter circuit, a second filter circuit, and a conversion unit,
in the second time period, the sampling circuit receives a voltage signal of the voltage of the switching node to obtain a first sampling signal;
during the first time period, the first filter circuit receives a voltage signal of the switch node voltage to obtain a first voltage signal; the second filter circuit receives a voltage signal of the switch node voltage to obtain a second voltage signal;
the conversion unit comprises two input ends, receives the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal respectively, and in the second time period, the two input ends are short-circuited, and in the first time period, the conversion unit converts the difference value of the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal into a difference current signal.
5. The inductor current sense circuit of claim 4, wherein the sampling circuit comprises a first resistor, a second resistor, a first capacitor, and a second capacitor, wherein the first filtering circuit comprises the second resistor and the first capacitor, wherein the second filtering circuit comprises the first resistor and the second capacitor,
the first resistor is connected with the second capacitor in series, the first capacitor is connected with the first resistor in series through a first switch, and the first switch is conducted in a second time period;
the second resistor is connected with the first capacitor in series;
the time constant of a filter circuit formed by the second resistor and the first capacitor is larger than that of the filter circuit formed by the first resistor and the second capacitor;
wherein the first filter circuit and the sampling circuit share the second resistor and the first capacitor, and the second filter circuit and the sampling circuit share the first resistor and the second capacitor.
6. The inductor current detection circuit of claim 2, wherein the current reconstruction unit comprises an initial current unit,
the initial current unit receives a sampling current signal representing the inductive current information, the initial current unit charges a charging capacitor with the sampling current signal in a second time period, and voltage signals at two ends of the charging capacitor are converted into initial current signals after voltage current conversion;
the difference current signal and the initial current signal are added as the first inductor current signal.
7. The inductor current detection circuit according to claim 1, wherein the first time period is a main switching tube on time period, and the second time period is a main switching tube off time period.
8. The inductor current detecting circuit according to claim 2, wherein the converting unit is a transconductance amplifier, and two input terminals of the transconductance amplifier respectively receive the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal to output the difference current signal.
9. The inductor current detection circuit according to claim 2, wherein the conversion unit is a subtractor and a voltage-to-current converter,
two input ends of the subtracter respectively receive the first voltage signal and the second voltage signal and carry out difference operation to obtain a difference voltage signal,
the voltage-to-current converter converts the difference voltage signal to the difference current signal.
10. A switching power supply comprising a switching element and an inductor, characterized by further comprising an inductor current detection circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 9,
the switch unit comprises a main switch tube and a follow current switch tube which are connected in series, and the inductive current detection circuit obtains the inductive current signal according to the switch node voltage between the main switch tube and the inductor and the switching time of the main switch tube.
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| TWI220022B (en) * | 2002-05-27 | 2004-08-01 | Richtek Technology Corp | Current sensing apparatus and method |
| JP3681374B2 (en) * | 2002-12-19 | 2005-08-10 | 株式会社日立製作所 | Current detection device and PWM inverter using the same |
| DE60309155T2 (en) * | 2003-08-01 | 2007-08-30 | Infineon Technologies Ag | The current sensing circuit |
| US9438106B2 (en) * | 2011-02-11 | 2016-09-06 | Balancell (PTY) LTD | Hysteretic current mode controller for a bidirectional converter with lossless inductor current sensing |
| US8823352B2 (en) * | 2011-07-11 | 2014-09-02 | Linear Technology Corporation | Switching power supply having separate AC and DC current sensing paths |
| US9130457B2 (en) * | 2012-10-24 | 2015-09-08 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Control logic for switches coupled to an inductor |
| CN102981032B (en) * | 2012-11-13 | 2015-09-16 | 深圳鼎信芯微电子有限公司 | A kind of testing circuit for full inductive current waveform and method |
| CN105763047B (en) * | 2016-03-08 | 2018-11-02 | 中山大学 | A kind of all-wave inductive current sample circuit |
| CN110943612A (en) * | 2018-09-25 | 2020-03-31 | 深圳市华芯邦科技有限公司 | Load current detection circuit and method for switching power supply converter |
| CN111404375B (en) * | 2020-02-20 | 2021-08-10 | 上海南芯半导体科技有限公司 | Inductive current sampling circuit and implementation method thereof |
| CN111900860A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-06 | 杰华特微电子（杭州）有限公司 | Inductive current detection circuit, detection method and power converter |
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| JPH11262248A (en) * | 1998-03-09 | 1999-09-24 | Toyota Autom Loom Works Ltd | Dc-to-dc converter |
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