CN113016804A - Inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities and using method thereof - Google Patents
Inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities and using method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N37/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids
- A01N37/42—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom having three bonds to hetero atoms with at the most two bonds to halogen, e.g. carboxylic acids containing within the same carbon skeleton a carboxylic group or a thio analogue, or a derivative thereof, and a carbon atom having only two bonds to hetero atoms with at the most one bond to halogen, e.g. keto-carboxylic acids
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G17/00—Cultivation of hops, vines, fruit trees, or like trees
- A01G17/005—Cultivation methods
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
- A01N43/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds
- A01N43/02—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
- A01N43/04—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom
- A01N43/22—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing heterocyclic compounds having rings with one or more oxygen or sulfur atoms as the only ring hetero atoms with one hetero atom rings with more than six members
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Abstract
The invention provides an inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities, which comprises S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide, prohexadione calcium and other ingredients, wherein the total weight of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide and prohexadione calcium accounts for 1-40 wt% of the colorant, and the weight ratio of the total weight of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide to the prohexadione calcium is 1: (5-10); in the vigorous growth period of the young shoots of the peach trees, the fruit expansion period and after picking, other ingredients are respectively wood vinegar, jasmonic acid compounds or isosorbide; the peach fruit preservative can be prepared by adopting different compound formulas according to the growth conditions of peach fruits, provides the antagonism and the synergistic effect of compound components, balances the chlorophyll synthesis and degradation speeds, improves the contents of anthocyanin and carotenoid in pericarp, promotes the occurrence of cell division, and accelerates the cell division speed, so that the appearance and the color of the fruits are bright.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of peach tree planting, in particular to an inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities and a using method thereof.
Background
The fruit color is an important index for evaluating the appearance quality of the fruit and is also a sensory index which is most emphasized by consumers, and the fruit with positive and beautiful appearance and bright color is always popular with the consumers, so the colored fruit has great advantages in the sale process. Research has shown that the effect of peach fruit coloring is related to the dynamic balance of chlorophyll, carotenoid, flavonoid and anthocyanin contents in the peel. Affecting the balance, accelerating the degradation or accumulation of specific pigments, can also significantly alter the coloration of the fruit.
Peach trees in the planting industry are widely planted in the south and north regions of China at present, wherein rain sheltering facilities are generally adopted in peach tree planting in the south regions due to warm and rainy climate environments. Meanwhile, fruit growers often adopt a bagging mode to plant in order to improve the quality of peach fruits so as to improve the insect and disease resistance of the fruits.
However, the problem of poor light contact of peach fruits, poor color and luster of the fruits and poor appearance is caused. In general, fruit growers often adopt a chemical regulation method to improve fruit color in order to improve economic benefits, for example, spraying plant growth regulators such as naphthylacetic acid, ethephon, abscisic acid, jasmonic acid and the like, and promoting fruit coloring by inducing fruit ripening.
However, the single use of these plant growth regulators has the problems that the unidirectional efficacy is difficult to control and the plant growth mechanism is very easy to be disturbed; in addition, in the process of formation and growth of peach fruits, required nutrient components are the same, the existing hormone application method is single, and the regulation and adjustment cannot be effectively carried out according to the growth conditions of the fruits.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a compound formula, an inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain-sheltering facilities, which can be adjusted according to the growth conditions of the peach fruits, and a use method thereof.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides an inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities, which comprises S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide, prohexadione calcium and other ingredients, wherein the total weight of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide and prohexadione calcium accounts for 1-40 wt% of the colorant, and the weight ratio of the total weight of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide to the prohexadione calcium is 1: (5-10); in the vigorous growth period of the young shoots of the peach trees, the fruit expansion period and after picking, other ingredients are respectively wood vinegar, jasmonic acid compounds or isosorbide.
On the basis of the technical scheme, preferably, in the vigorous growth period of young shoots, the other ingredients are wood vinegar, and the weight ratio of the wood vinegar to the prohexadione calcium is (1-10): 1; in the fruit expanding period, other ingredients are jasmonic acid compounds, and the weight ratio of the jasmonic acid compounds to the total weight of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide is (10-20): 1; the other ingredients are isosorbide, which accounts for 5-30 wt% of the colorant, before removing the cap bag and waiting for picking.
It is further preferred that the components of the coloring agent sprayed during the fruit-expanding period further comprise a solubilizing agent for prolonging the efficacy of the coloring agent for a long time, the solubilizing agent comprising 5 to 10 wt% of the coloring agent.
Even more preferably, the solubilizing agent is beta-cyclodextrin.
In another aspect, there is provided a method of using an inducing colorant for bagging peach fruit in a rain sheltering facility, comprising the steps of,
s1 preparing an inducing colorant according to the formula components in the vigorous growth period of young shoots, and spraying the whole tree for pesticide application;
s2, preparing an inducing colorant according to the formula components in the fruit expansion period, spraying the inducing colorant on the surfaces of the fruits, and bagging the peach fruits;
s3 removing the bag 5-10 days before picking after the fruit is ripe, preparing inducing colorant according to the formula components, and spraying the whole tree of the peach fruit before picking.
On the basis of the above technical solutions, preferably, in steps S1 and S2, the colorant and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1: (80-200) mixing and using.
On the basis of the above technical solution, preferably, in step S1, spraying is performed when the young shoots grow to 3-5cm, and when the young shoots grow to 10-15cm, respectively.
On the basis of the above technical scheme, preferably, in step S2, the time for spraying the colorant is within 10-30 days after the peach trees bloom.
Still more preferably, in step S2, the period of spraying the coloring agent is the middle or later period of the first rapid growth period of the peach fruit, and the bagging treatment is performed before the second rapid growth period.
On the basis of the technical scheme, the method preferably further comprises the step S4 of putting the picked peach fruits in a closed space at normal temperature for ethylene fumigation treatment for 10min, then ventilating for 30min, and then putting the peach fruits in the closed space at normal temperature for 1-MCP fumigation treatment for 30 min.
Compared with the prior art, the inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities and the using method thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) the inducing colorant can be prepared by adopting different compound formulas according to the growth conditions of peach fruits, provides the antagonism and the synergism of compound components, balances the chlorophyll synthesis and degradation speeds, improves the contents of anthocyanin and carotenoid in the peel, promotes the cell division and accelerates the cell division speed, thereby enabling the fruits to have bright appearance and color, effectively increasing the sweetness of the fruits, improving the fruit quality, shortening the mature period of the fruits, and avoiding the phenomena of plant leaf aging, premature senility and the like.
(2) The use method of the colorant is more scientific and efficient, and can provide nutrition of different compound components according to the nutritional requirements of the peach fruits in the growth period, thereby balancing the synthesis and degradation speed of chlorophyll, improving the contents of anthocyanin and carotenoid in the pericarp, promoting the occurrence of cell division and simultaneously accelerating the speed of cell division, and further ensuring the bright appearance and color of the fruits.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
in a first aspect, the inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities comprises S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide, prohexadione calcium and other ingredients, wherein the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide and prohexadione calcium account for 1 wt% of the colorant, and the weight ratio of the total sum of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide to the prohexadione calcium is 1: 5.
wherein, in the vigorous growth period of young sprout, the other ingredients are wood vinegar, and the weight ratio of the wood vinegar to the prohexadione calcium is 1: 1.
in the fruit expanding period, other ingredients are jasmonic acid compounds, and the weight ratio of the jasmonic acid compounds to the sum of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide is 10: 1; the components of the coloring agent sprayed in the fruit expanding period also comprise a solubilizer, the solubilizer is used for prolonging the effect of the coloring agent for a long time, and the solubilizer accounts for 5 wt% of the coloring agent; wherein the solubilizer is beta-cyclodextrin.
The other ingredient was isosorbide, which made up 5 wt% of the colorant, before removing the cap and waiting for picking.
In a second aspect, the invention relates to a method for using inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities, which comprises the following steps,
s1, preparing an inducing colorant according to the formula components in the vigorous growth period of young shoots, and mixing the inducing colorant and water according to the mass ratio of 1: 200, mixing, and spraying the whole tree when the young shoots grow to 5cm and 15cm respectively; it should be noted that, the weight ratio of the wood vinegar to the prohexadione calcium is different in the two applications.
S2 in the fruit expansion period, preparing an inducing colorant according to the formula components, spraying the inducing colorant on the surface of the peach within 15 days after the peach blooms, namely the middle period of the first rapid growth period of the peach, and bagging the peach before the second rapid growth period. The peach fruit is quick to grow twice, the peach fruit can be bagged after the peach tree blooms and bears fruits, but the peach fruit is small at the moment and cannot meet the requirement of pesticide application, so that the peach fruit is quickly expanded and has a certain volume when the peach fruit is applied in the middle of the first quick growth period, the peach fruit is quickly sealed after the pesticide is applied, the pesticide components can slowly permeate into the peach fruit to exert the efficacy along with the growth of the peach fruit, and the bad influence of plant diseases and insect pests on the fruit due to too late bagging can not be caused.
S3 removing the bag 7 days before picking after the fruit is ripe, preparing inducing colorant according to the formula components, and spraying the whole tree of the peach fruit before picking.
S4, after picking the peach fruits, putting the peach fruits in a closed space at normal temperature for ethylene fumigation treatment for 10min, then ventilating for 30min, and then putting the peach fruits in the closed space at normal temperature for 1-MCP fumigation treatment for 30 min. It is noted that the fruit coloring can be accelerated by the short ethylene fumigation, the fruit color can be improved, meanwhile, the 1-MCP fumigation is used for neutralizing the large amount of ethylene enrichment in the fruits, and the respiration consumption of the fruits is reduced, so that the storage time of the fruits is prolonged.
Example 2:
the invention relates to an inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities, which comprises S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide, prohexadione calcium and other ingredients, wherein the total amount of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide and prohexadione calcium accounts for 20 wt% of the colorant, and the weight ratio of the total amount of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide to the prohexadione calcium is 1: 7.
wherein, in the vigorous growth period of young sprout, the other ingredients are wood vinegar, and the weight ratio of the wood vinegar to the prohexadione calcium is 5: 1.
in the fruit expanding period, other ingredients are jasmonic acid compounds, and the weight ratio of the jasmonic acid compounds to the sum of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide is 15: 1; the components of the coloring agent sprayed in the fruit expanding period also comprise a solubilizer, the solubilizer is used for prolonging the effect of the coloring agent for a long time, and the solubilizer accounts for 7 wt% of the coloring agent; wherein the solubilizer is beta-cyclodextrin.
The other ingredient was isosorbide, which made up 18% by weight of the colorant, before removing the cap and waiting for picking.
Meanwhile, the colorant of the present invention was used in the same manner as in examples.
Example 3:
the invention relates to an inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities, which comprises S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide, prohexadione calcium and other ingredients, wherein the total amount of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide and prohexadione calcium accounts for 40 wt% of the colorant, and the weight ratio of the total amount of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide to the prohexadione calcium is 1: 10.
wherein, in the vigorous growth period of young sprout, the other ingredients are wood vinegar, and the weight ratio of the wood vinegar to the prohexadione calcium is 10: 1.
in the fruit expanding period, other ingredients are jasmonic acid compounds, and the weight ratio of the jasmonic acid compounds to the sum of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide is 20: 1; the components of the coloring agent sprayed in the fruit expanding period also comprise a solubilizer, the solubilizer is used for prolonging the effect of the coloring agent for a long time, and the solubilizer accounts for 10 wt% of the coloring agent; wherein the solubilizer is beta-cyclodextrin.
The other ingredient was isosorbide, which accounted for 30 wt% of the colorant, before removing the cap and waiting for picking.
Meanwhile, the colorant of the present invention was used in the same manner as in examples.
The invention adopts S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide and prohexadione calcium as the substrate of the compound formula.
Brassinolide is also called brassinolide, Yifengsu and Tianfengsu, is a novel sterol plant endogenous hormone, can promote the vegetative growth and is beneficial to the fertilization action in each stage of the growth and development of plants, is a high-efficiency plant growth regulator, and has certain characteristics of auxin, gibberellin and cytokinin on the physiological action, such as: promoting cell division and fruit expansion; delaying leaf aging, keeping green for a long time, enhancing chlorophyll synthesis, improving photosynthesis, and promoting leaf color deepening and greening; breaking apical dominance, promoting lateral bud germination, inducing bud differentiation, increasing branch number and flower number, and improving pollen fertility, thereby increasing yield; preventing flower and fruit dropping, promoting protein synthesis, increasing sugar content, improving crop quality, and improving commodity.
The S-abscisic acid is a key factor for balancing endogenous hormones of plants and metabolism of related growth active substances, has the capability of promoting the plants to absorb water and fertilizer in a balanced manner and coordinating metabolism in vivo, can effectively regulate and control the root cap and vegetative growth and reproductive growth of the plants, and has an important effect on improving the quality and yield of crops.
The brassinolide has double functions of promoting plant cell division and cell elongation, and the action mechanism of the brassinolide can be regarded as participating in the synthesis process of chlorophyll, so that the content of chlorophyll in leaves can be effectively improved, the photosynthesis is enhanced, and the accumulation of photosynthetic assimilation products is increased. The S-abscisic acid can accelerate cell division under low concentration, and is mainly used for starting the resistance or adaptation mechanism of the plant body to the adverse environment in agricultural production, such as improving the drought, cold, disease and saline-alkali resistance of the plant; at high concentrations, chlorophyll degradation is promoted, and biosynthesis of ethylene and esters in the fruit is promoted.
Therefore, when the two are used in combination, antagonism can be generated. The applicant finds that by adjusting the compounding ratio of the two components, on one hand, the synthesis and degradation rate of chlorophyll in the fruit ripening process can be balanced, and the contents of anthocyanin and carotenoid can be improved, so that the fruit is bright in color, and on the other hand, the conversion of organic substances in the fruit and the change speed of the apparent color of the fruit are synchronized, so that the organic substances in the fruit are fully converted, and the taste of the fruit is good; meanwhile, the two can promote the occurrence of cell division and accelerate the speed of cell division through the synergistic effect, so that the fruit can be mature in a shorter time, the senescence and decomposition of cells can be inhibited to a certain extent, and the premature shedding of the fruit and the leaf senescence can be effectively prevented.
The present inventors speculate that the possible reasons for the above-mentioned antagonistic action and synergistic action are: the brassinolide and the S-abscisic acid have the functions of enhancing the activity of the ethylene forming enzyme and inducing the synthesis of plant ethylene, when the concentration of the sum of the brassinolide and the S-abscisic acid is higher, the ethylene in the whole system is excessively generated, and other corresponding substances, which may be other biochemical reaction generation or chemical substances of a plant body, exist at the moment, so that the activity of the ethylene forming enzyme is inhibited, and the generation of the ethylene is inhibited; it is also possible that the concentration of S-abscisic acid increases to a peak and then continues to increase, which in turn inhibits the activity of the ethylene forming enzyme, and in summary, a better ratio range exists between brassinolide and S-abscisic acid, and too much or too little will affect the effect.
The prohexadione calcium is 3, 5-dioxo-4-propionyl cyclohexane calcium carboxylate, is usually used as a rice lodging-resistant agent, a fruit tree tip control agent and the like, and can promote plant development and lateral bud growth, regulate and control flowering phase, improve plant fruit setting rate and effectively control vigorous growth of plants through leaf surface treatment, thereby achieving the effect of improving yield and quality. In addition, prohexadione calcium can also regulate plant metabolism and improve crop stress resistance. Compared with triazole retardant, it has no residual toxicity to crop and no environmental pollution.
The wood vinegar is also a natural agricultural and forestry waste byproduct, the low-concentration wood vinegar is a good growth promoter, but the high-concentration wood vinegar is a growth inhibitor and has a bactericidal effect. The green and more environment-friendly tip-inhibiting agent is adopted to control the growth of the young shoots in the sensitive growth period of the young shoots, thereby being beneficial to maintaining the good result environment of ventilation and light transmission in the crowns.
The applicant finds that although the prohexadione calcium is poor in stability under an acid environment, the prohexadione calcium is actually prohexadione acid formed after water dissolution, when the prohexadione calcium is sprayed on plants, the prohexadione calcium can be rapidly absorbed by leaf cells of crops, and the parts of the plants for synthesizing gibberellin are in the leaves, can directly act on targets and have extremely high activity; by adjusting the concentration of the pyroligneous liquor, on one hand, the activity of the prohexadione is improved, and the gibberellin is promoted to be synthesized by plants, so that the effect of controlling tips is achieved, on the other hand, the half-life period of prohexadione calcium is shortened, in the soil containing abundant microorganisms, the half-life period is not more than 24 hours, and the prohexadione calcium is finally metabolized into carbon dioxide and water, so that the aims of low toxicity and no residue are achieved.
Using both mechanisms, the applicant chose to administer the two doses at a young sprout length of up to 5cm, and up to 15cm, respectively. Wherein, when the young shoots grow to 5cm, the prepared concentration of the wood vinegar is lower, thereby creating a good reaction environment for prohexadione-calcium and promoting the growth of the shoots; when the young shoots grow to 15cm, the concentration of the wood vinegar is increased by secondary application, and the shoot control effect is enhanced, so that the young shoots are prevented from overgrowing, the fruit setting rate and the fruit growth are prevented from being influenced, and the insect-resistant and disease-resistant capabilities of the peach trees are improved.
The jasmonic acid compound is a novel plant growth regulating substance widely existing in plants, and has important regulation and control effects on plant growth and development, stress resistance and synthesis of secondary metabolites. Exogenous application can stimulate the expression of defense plant genes, induce the chemical defense of plants, and generate the effect similar to mechanical damage and insect feeding, and the existing research shows that jasmonic acid compounds can induce the biosynthesis of ethylene and ester substances in fruits, improve the contents of anthocyanin and beta-carotene, promote the degradation of chlorophyll, and improve the color of fruits. Among them, jasmonic acid compounds are preferably jasmonic acid, methyl jasmonate, propyl dihydrojasmonate, and the like. The jasmonic acid compound can strengthen the combined action mechanism of brassinolide and S-abscisic acid.
In addition, the formula in the fruit expanding period also comprises beta-cyclodextrin. Cyclodextrin is a general term for a series of cyclic oligosaccharides produced by amylose under the action of cyclodextrin glucosyltransferase produced by Bacillus and is classified into alpha-cyclodextrin, beta-cyclodextrin, and gamma-cyclodextrin. The beta-cyclodextrin molecule has a three-dimensional structure in a ring hollow cylinder shape, the opening of the gap and the outside of the gap contain a large amount of hydroxyl, the beta-cyclodextrin molecule is hydrophilic, and the inside of the beta-cyclodextrin molecule is hydrophobic.
The applicant has found that when the solubilising agent is not used, the colouring agent is diluted and sprayed onto the fruit, with the result that the skin colour becomes bright over time, but after picking it is found that its interior is not yet ripe, and after leaving the picked fruit for a period of time, its exterior quickly becomes soft and decays, its interior is still hard, and in addition, it is found that the aqueous solution of the colouring agent which is not used up also produces a stratification phenomenon. However, when the colorant is added with beta-cyclodextrin, the aqueous solution of the colorant does not generate layering phenomenon after being placed for a long time, and the obtained fruit is not only bright but also has sweet taste. The inventor speculates that the possible reason is that the beta-cyclodextrin forms an inclusion compound with the active component in the colorant through a hydrophobic bond, the active component in the colorant is hidden in a cyclodextrin cavity, the contact chance with the external environment is relatively reduced, and the stability of the colorant aqueous solution is improved.
Isosorbide, a dehydrated derivative of sorbitol, is commonly used in the medical field as an oral osmotic diuretic with a mechanism of action similar to that of mannitol and sorbitol for intravenous injection. The mechanism of action is that the water in the tissue enters the blood vessel by increasing the osmotic pressure of the blood plasma, thereby relieving the edema of the tissue and reducing the intraocular pressure, the intracranial pressure, the cerebrospinal fluid volume and the pressure thereof. The applicant finds that the application of the diluted solution to the surface of mature peach fruits can change the osmotic pressure between the inner wall and the outer wall of cells and enable water in the cell tissues to enter the cell tissues, so that the respiration consumption in the cells is reduced, the accumulation of anthocyanin, beta-carotene and the like is accelerated, the color of the fruits is bright, the storage life of the fruits is greatly prolonged, the sweetness and the water of the fruits can be increased, and the quality of the fruits is improved.
Through the combined action of the compound components, different ingredients can be compounded on the same substrate for application in each period from the young shoot growth period of the peach tree to the picking period after the fruit is ripe, and the effect of the medicine is excellent in the whole process from fruit formation to ripening; compared with the traditional mode of applying a single-component medicament at a certain period, the method can meet different nutritional requirements of peach tree growth and fruit growth at different periods, and balances the influence of each formula component on plants, thereby greatly improving the quality of the fruits.
Feasibility test and result analysis:
the test field is arranged in a rainy area in the south, and is provided with rain sheltering facilities, the test field is flat in terrain, moderate in fertility and even. The variety of the selected experimental peach is 'Xia Cui', the tree age of the peach tree in the garden is five years, and the growth vigor is uniform. The peach trees in the same stubble and with uniform growth vigor in the growth period are equally divided into 4 areas, each area is respectively applied with the embodiment 1, the embodiment 2 and the embodiment 3 and a blank control, the peach trees are uniformly sprayed according to the application method, and the control group is treated by clean water in the same way. During collection, 50 peach fruits are randomly picked in each area, the coloring degree of the fruits, the anthocyanin content of the peels of the fruits, the soluble sugar content and the organic acid content are detected, and the results are shown in table 1, wherein the data in the table are average values of 5 measurement experiments.
Wherein, the coloring index calculation formula is as follows:
coloring index (%) - (number of fruit grains per stage: [ representative value of each stage ]/[ total number of grains ] highest representative value) × 100%
TABLE 1
Therefore, the fruit sprayed with the fruit inducing colorant of the present invention has a significantly increased coloring index, an increased sugar content and a decreased organic acid content.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. An inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities, which is characterized in that: the colorant comprises S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide, prohexadione calcium and other ingredients, wherein the total amount of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide and the prohexadione calcium accounts for 1-40 wt% of the colorant, and the weight ratio of the total amount of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide to the prohexadione calcium is 1: (5-10); and in the vigorous growth period of the young shoots of the peach trees, the fruit expansion period and after picking, the other ingredients are wood vinegar, jasmonic acid compounds or isosorbide respectively.
2. An inducing colorant for peach fruit bagging in rain shelters according to claim 1, wherein: in the vigorous growth period of young shoots, the other ingredients are wood vinegar, and the weight ratio of the wood vinegar to the prohexadione calcium is (1-10): 1;
in the fruit expanding period, the other ingredients are jasmonates compounds, and the weight ratio of the jasmonates compounds to the total sum of the S-abscisic acid and/or brassinolide is (10-20): 1;
before removing the cap bag and waiting for picking, the other ingredient is isosorbide, and the isosorbide accounts for 5-30 wt% of the colorant.
3. An inducing colorant for peach fruit bagging in rain shelters according to claim 2, wherein: the components of the coloring agent sprayed in the fruit expanding period further comprise a solubilizer which is used for prolonging the effect of the coloring agent for a long time, and the solubilizer accounts for 5-10 wt% of the coloring agent.
4. An inducing colorant for peach fruit bagging in rain shelters according to claim 3, wherein: the solubilizer is beta-cyclodextrin.
5. The use method of the inducing colorant for bagging peach fruits in rain sheltering facilities is characterized by comprising the following steps: comprises the following steps of (a) carrying out,
s1, preparing an inducing colorant according to the formula components in claim 2 in the vigorous growth period of young shoots, and spraying the whole tree for application;
s2, preparing an inducing colorant according to the formula composition of claim 2 in the fruit expansion period, spraying the inducing colorant on the surfaces of the fruits, and bagging the peach fruits;
s3 removing the bag 5-10 days before picking after the fruit is ripe, preparing inducing colorant according to the formula composition of claim 2, and spraying the whole tree of the peach fruit before picking.
6. Use of an inducing colorant for bagging peach fruit in rain shelters according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the steps S1 and S2, the colorant and water are mixed in a mass ratio of 1: (80-200) mixing and using.
7. Use of an inducing colorant for bagging peach fruit in rain shelters according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step S1, spraying is performed when the young shoots grow to 3-5cm and 10-15cm, respectively.
8. Use of an inducing colorant for bagging peach fruit in rain shelters according to claim 5, characterized in that: in the step S2, the time for spraying the colorant is within 10-30 days after the peach trees bloom.
9. The use of inducing coloring agent for bagging peach fruit for rain shelters according to claim 8, wherein: in the step S2, the period for spraying the coloring agent is the middle or later period of the first rapid growth period of the peach fruit, and the bagging treatment is performed before the second rapid growth period.
10. Use of an inducing colorant for bagging peach fruit in rain shelters according to claim 5, characterized in that: the method also comprises a step S4 of putting the picked peach fruits in a closed space at normal temperature for ethylene fumigation treatment for 10min, then ventilating for 30min, and then putting the peach fruits in the closed space at normal temperature for 1-MCP fumigation treatment for 30 min.
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| CN113973639A (en) * | 2021-10-26 | 2022-01-28 | 西北农林科技大学 | Method for increasing anthocyanin content in grape peel in vitro |
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| CN110622960A (en) * | 2019-10-18 | 2019-12-31 | 王长清 | Fruit inducing colorant |
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