CN113016552A - Method for inducing and improving bolting and flowering efficiency of brassica juncea - Google Patents
Method for inducing and improving bolting and flowering efficiency of brassica juncea Download PDFInfo
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- CN113016552A CN113016552A CN202110287730.4A CN202110287730A CN113016552A CN 113016552 A CN113016552 A CN 113016552A CN 202110287730 A CN202110287730 A CN 202110287730A CN 113016552 A CN113016552 A CN 113016552A
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- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 230000001939 inductive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 7
- 244000178993 Brassica juncea Species 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 235000011332 Brassica juncea Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 13
- 235000014700 Brassica juncea var napiformis Nutrition 0.000 title abstract description 13
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 241000219198 Brassica Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 235000003351 Brassica cretica Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000003343 Brassica rupestris Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis(2-chloroethyl) sulfide Chemical compound ClCCSCCCl QKSKPIVNLNLAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000010460 mustard Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 22
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 claims description 9
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 240000002853 Nelumbo nucifera Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006508 Nelumbo nucifera Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000006510 Nelumbo pentapetala Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015505 Sorghum bicolor subsp. bicolor Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 235000013311 vegetables Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 241000218093 Phedimus aizoon Species 0.000 description 3
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 240000007124 Brassica oleracea Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000003899 Brassica oleracea var acephala Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000011301 Brassica oleracea var capitata Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 235000001169 Brassica oleracea var oleracea Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 240000008100 Brassica rapa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000011292 Brassica rapa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000219193 Brassicaceae Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 241001290610 Abildgaardia Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011331 Brassica Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000001969 Brassica juncea var gemmifera Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 240000000277 Brassica juncea var. gemmifera Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008632 circadian clock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/60—Flowers; Ornamental plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G7/00—Botany in general
- A01G7/06—Treatment of growing trees or plants, e.g. for preventing decay of wood, for tingeing flowers or wood, for prolonging the life of plants
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Ecology (AREA)
- Forests & Forestry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Pretreatment Of Seeds And Plants (AREA)
- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for improving bolting and flowering efficiency of brassica juncea by inducing, belonging to the technical field of crop cultivation and comprising the following steps of: (1) selecting a fresh, mature and qualified Dolomis sonchifolia commercial variety; (2) placing the seeds in a beaker in the middle of 8 months, slowly adding warm water at 45-50 ℃, stirring for 3-5 minutes gently, standing for 3-4 hours, and draining water by using gauze; (3) putting the drained seeds into a high-temperature sterilized culture dish paved with filter paper, uniformly spreading the seeds on the filter paper, keeping the filter paper moist, sealing with a sealing film, and performing dark culture at 20-25 ℃ for 10-14 hours until 80% of the seeds are exposed to be white; (4) placing the culture dish filled with the dewy seeds into a refrigerator at the temperature of 3-5 ℃ for dark treatment for 10-30 days, and keeping the filter paper moist; (5) sowing seeds treated in the dark for 10-30 days and untreated seeds in 50-hole plug trays in the same period in the first ten days of 9 months, and transplanting after 25-30 days; the field fertilizer and water management is the same as the production management of the mustard tuber planted in normal seasons.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of crop cultivation, and particularly relates to a method for improving bolting and flowering efficiency of brassica juncea by induction.
Background
Cruciferae plants form a complex network to regulate bolting and flowering mainly through 6 ways, namely a photoperiod way, a circadian clock, a vernalization way, an autonomous way, a gibberellin way, an age way and an external temperature way. In brassica vegetable crops, mustard is a typical seed vernalized crop and typically requires a long period of low temperature to be experienced for bolting and flowering by vernalization.
The Brassica juncea (Brassica juncea var. gemmifera Lee et Lin.) is a variety of Brassica mustard species of brassicaceae, commonly called as baby cabbage, baby cabbage and the like, is mainly distributed in southwest areas and middle and downstream areas of Yangtze river, and is one of important vegetables in winter and spring in Sichuan province, Chongqing and other areas. The vegetable selling time is positive, the vegetable selling time in winter and spring is high, the benefit is good, and positive contributions are made to guaranteeing urban and rural supply and increasing the income of farmers.
The mustard tuber is mainly a biennial cultivated crop, prefers a warm, cool and humid environment, is suitable for cultivation in winter and spring, and has strong growth vigor. The seed of the sedum aizoon starts to germinate at the temperature of 8-10 ℃, the optimal temperature for the growth of the seedling is about 20 ℃, when the sedum aizoon grows to a certain stage, the terminal axillary bud starts to expand, and the optimal temperature for the expansion of the axillary bud is 10-15 ℃ when the sedum aizoon enters the adult stage. The seeding period selection is a key link for high-yield cultivation of the sedge, and the sowing in the early 8-9 months is suitable for Sichuan basin. The seeding period is too early, the high temperature overgrows in the early period, the plants are bolting to form a bar shape, and no children bud grows; when the sowing period is too late, small plants are vernalized at low temperature, the axillary buds are few and small, the commodity shapes cannot be expressed normally, and effective breeding work is difficult to develop. The brassica juncea is cultivated in normal seasons, axillary buds are large, commercial character observation and selection are excellent, but bolting, blooming and fructification are difficult, and only the seedlings can not be seen, so that the brassica juncea hybrid breeding technology is difficult to break through, and a new high-yield high-quality stress-resistant brassica juncea variety cannot be bred.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for improving the bolting and flowering efficiency of the brassica juncea by induction, and solves the technical problems that the brassica juncea is cultivated in normal seasons, axillary buds are large, the selection for observing commercial characters is excellent, but bolting, flowering and fruiting are difficult, only the brassica juncea can be seen and can not be seen, the hybrid breeding technology of the brassica juncea is difficult to break through, and a new variety of the high-yield and high-quality anti-adversity brassica juncea can not be bred.
The invention provides a method for improving bolting and flowering efficiency of mustard tuber, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a fresh, mature and qualified Dolomis sonchifolia commercial variety;
(2) placing the seeds in a beaker in the middle of 8 months, slowly adding warm water at 45-50 ℃, stirring for 3-5 minutes gently, standing for 3-4 hours, and draining water with gauze;
(3) putting the drained seeds into a high-temperature sterilized culture dish paved with filter paper, uniformly spreading the seeds on the filter paper, keeping the filter paper moist, sealing with a sealing film, and performing dark culture at 20-25 ℃ for 10-14 hours until 80% of the seeds are exposed to be white;
(4) placing the culture dish filled with the dewy seeds into a refrigerator at the temperature of 3-5 ℃ for dark treatment for 10-30 days, and keeping the filter paper moist;
(5) sowing seeds treated in the dark for 10-30 days on a 50-hole plug in the same period in the first 9-month ten days, and transplanting the seeds for 25-30 days; the field fertilizer and water management is the same as the production management of the mustard tuber planted in normal seasons;
(6) spraying the heart and leaf parts of the plants with 100mg/l to 500mg/l gibberellin for 7 days and 5 times continuously when the plants enter the lotus throne stage and beginning to spray the heart and leaf parts of the plants in the last ten days of 11 months;
(7) and (5) normally managing the field until bolting, flowering and fructifying.
Further, the row spacing of the transplanted plants in the step (5) is 50 x 50 cm.
Further, the gibberellin in the step (6) is 300 mg/l.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the method for dark-treating the brassica rapa L.var.chaeta seeds at the low temperature of 2-5 ℃ for 10-30 days and continuously carrying out 5 times on the rosette stage of the plants, wherein the bolting time is about 12 days ahead of the 7-day gibberellin spraying method, the initial flowering stage is about 15 days ahead of the first day, the bolting rate of the brassica rapa L.var.chaeta can be improved to 10% -70%, and the maturing rate can be improved to 11.3% -35%.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings. The components of the presently disclosed embodiments may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
In addition, the embodiments of the present invention and the features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the illustrated orientations or positional relationships, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally placed when the products of the present invention are used, or orientations or positional relationships that are conventionally understood by those skilled in the art, which are merely used for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements that are referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; they may be mechanically coupled, directly coupled, indirectly coupled through intervening media, or may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
Example 1
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for inducing and improving bolting and flowering efficiency of mustard, which comprises the following steps:
(1) selecting a fresh, mature and qualified Dolomis sonchifolia commercial variety;
(2) placing the seeds in a beaker in the middle of 8 months, slowly adding warm water at 45 ℃, stirring for 4 minutes gently, standing for 4 hours, and draining water by using gauze;
(3) placing the drained seeds into a high-temperature sterilized culture dish paved with filter paper, uniformly spreading the seeds on the filter paper, keeping the filter paper moist, sealing with a sealing film, and performing dark culture at 25 ℃ for 10 hours until 80% of the seeds are exposed to white;
(4) placing the culture dish containing the dewy seeds into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for dark treatment for 20 days, and keeping the filter paper moist;
(5) sowing seeds which are dark-treated for 20 days on 50-hole plug trays in the same period in the first ten days of 9 months, and transplanting the seeds for 25 days, wherein the row spacing is 50cm by 50 cm; the field fertilizer and water management is the same as the production management of the mustard tuber planted in normal seasons;
(6) spraying the heart and leaf parts of the plants with 100mg/l of gibberellin for 5 times once every 7 days when the plants enter the lotus throne stage and beginning to spray the heart and leaf parts of the plants in the last 11 th month;
(7) and (5) normally managing the field until bolting, flowering and fructifying.
The bolting time is advanced by 11 days, the initial flowering phase is advanced by 14 days, the bolting rate is 65.0 percent, and the maturing rate is 30.0 percent.
Example 2
This embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, includes the following steps:
(1) selecting a fresh, mature and qualified Dolomis sonchifolia commercial variety;
(2) placing the seeds in a beaker in the middle of 8 months, slowly adding warm water at 45 ℃, stirring for 4 minutes gently, standing for 4 hours, and draining water by using gauze;
(3) placing the drained seeds into a high-temperature sterilized culture dish paved with filter paper, uniformly spreading the seeds on the filter paper, keeping the filter paper moist, sealing with a sealing film, and performing dark culture at 24 ℃ for 12 hours until 80% of the seeds are exposed to white;
(4) placing the culture dish containing the dewy seeds into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for dark treatment for 20 days, and keeping the filter paper moist;
(5) sowing seeds which are dark-treated for 20 days in the same period of 9 months, sowing the seeds in 50 hole trays, and transplanting the seeds for 25 days, wherein the row spacing is 50cm by 50 cm; the field fertilizer and water management is the same as the production management of the mustard tuber planted in normal seasons;
(6) spraying the heart and leaf parts of the plants with 300mg/l of gibberellin for 5 times once every 7 days when the plants enter the lotus throne stage and beginning to spray the heart and leaf parts of the plants in the last ten days of 11 months;
(7) and (5) normally managing the field until bolting, flowering and fructifying.
The bolting time is advanced by 12 days, the initial flowering phase is advanced by 15 days, the bolting rate is 70%, and the maturing rate is 35.0%.
Example 3
This embodiment, as a preferred embodiment of the present invention, includes the following steps:
(1) selecting a fresh, mature and qualified Dolomis sonchifolia commercial variety;
(2) placing the seeds in a beaker in the middle of 8 months, slowly adding warm water at 50 ℃, stirring for 5 minutes gently, standing for 4 hours, and draining water by using gauze;
(3) placing the drained seeds into a high-temperature sterilized culture dish paved with filter paper, uniformly spreading the seeds on the filter paper, keeping the filter paper moist, sealing with a sealing film, and performing dark culture at 25 ℃ for 14 hours until 80% of the seeds are exposed to white;
(4) placing the culture dish containing the dewy seeds into a refrigerator at 4 ℃ for dark treatment for 20 days, and keeping the filter paper moist;
(5) sowing seeds which are dark-treated for 20 days in the same period of 9-month upper ten days, sowing the seeds in 50 hole trays, and transplanting the seeds for 30 days, wherein the row spacing is 50 cm; the field fertilizer and water management is the same as the production management of the mustard tuber planted in normal seasons;
(6) spraying the heart and leaf parts of the plants with 500mg/l of gibberellin for 5 times once every 7 days when the plants enter the lotus throne stage and beginning to spray the heart and leaf parts of the plants in the last ten days of 11 months;
(7) and (5) normally managing the field until bolting, flowering and fructifying.
The bolting time is advanced by 12 days, the initial flowering phase is advanced by 14 days, the bolting rate is 50.0 percent, and the maturing rate is 20.0 percent.
Example 4
The present embodiment, as a control group of the present invention, comprises the steps of:
(1) drying and placing at normal temperature;
(2) spraying the plant heart and leaf part with clear water in last ten days of 11 months, and spraying for 5 times once every 7 days;
(3) and (5) normally managing the field until bolting, flowering and fructifying.
The bolting time is not advanced, the initial flowering phase is not advanced, the bolting rate is 10.4%, and the maturing rate is 4.2%.
Statistical table for bolting plant rate and maturing rate in the above embodiments
Claims (3)
1. A method for inducing and improving bolting and flowering efficiency of mustard, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) selecting a fresh, mature and qualified Dolomis sonchifolia commercial variety;
(2) placing the seeds in a beaker in the middle of 8 months, slowly adding warm water at 45-50 ℃, stirring for 3-5 minutes gently, standing for 3-4 hours, and draining water by using gauze;
(3) putting the drained seeds into a high-temperature sterilized culture dish paved with filter paper, uniformly spreading the seeds on the filter paper, keeping the filter paper moist, sealing with a sealing film, and performing dark culture at 20-25 ℃ for 10-14 hours until 80% of the seeds are exposed to be white;
(4) placing the culture dish filled with the dewy seeds into a refrigerator at the temperature of 2-5 ℃ for dark treatment for 10-30 days, and keeping the filter paper moist;
(5) sowing seeds treated in the dark for 10-30 days on a 50-hole plug in the same period in the first 9-month ten days, and transplanting the seeds for 25-30 days; the field fertilizer and water management is the same as the production management of the mustard tuber planted in normal seasons;
(6) spraying the heart and leaf parts of the plants with 100mg/l to 500mg/l gibberellin for 7 days and 5 times continuously when the plants enter the lotus throne stage and beginning to spray the heart and leaf parts of the plants in the last ten days of 11 months;
(7) and (5) normally managing the field until bolting, flowering and fructifying.
2. The method for inducing the improvement of the bolting and flowering efficiency of the mustard tuber of the broomcorn, according to the claim 1, wherein the row spacing of the transplanted plants in the step (5) is 50 x 50 cm.
3. The method for inducing the improvement of the bolting and flowering efficiency of the mustard, according to the claim 1 or 2, wherein the gibberellin in the step (6) is 300 mg/l.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110287730.4A CN113016552B (en) | 2021-03-17 | 2021-03-17 | Method for improving flowering efficiency of bolting of arabidopsis thaliana by induction |
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| CN202110287730.4A CN113016552B (en) | 2021-03-17 | 2021-03-17 | Method for improving flowering efficiency of bolting of arabidopsis thaliana by induction |
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| CN113016552B CN113016552B (en) | 2024-03-12 |
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2021
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| JP2017018056A (en) * | 2015-07-14 | 2017-01-26 | 興和株式会社 | Warm water stress cultivation method |
| WO2018076667A1 (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2018-05-03 | 江苏清原农冠杂草防治有限公司 | Herbicidal composition in wheat fields and use thereof |
| CN110301336A (en) * | 2019-07-25 | 2019-10-08 | 福建省中科生物股份有限公司 | A kind of plant factor's cultural method of Stem lettuce |
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