CN107027465A - A kind of implantation methods of onion - Google Patents
A kind of implantation methods of onion Download PDFInfo
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- CN107027465A CN107027465A CN201710108711.4A CN201710108711A CN107027465A CN 107027465 A CN107027465 A CN 107027465A CN 201710108711 A CN201710108711 A CN 201710108711A CN 107027465 A CN107027465 A CN 107027465A
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- seedling
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- onion
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C1/00—Apparatus, or methods of use thereof, for testing or treating seed, roots, or the like, prior to sowing or planting
- A01C1/08—Immunising seed
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05C—NITROGENOUS FERTILISERS
- C05C9/00—Fertilisers containing urea or urea compounds
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Agricultural Chemicals And Associated Chemicals (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of implantation methods of onion, comprise the following steps：Step 1: the selection and processing of planting site；Step 2: the selection of seed；Step 3: seed is disinfected；Step 4: the preparation of seedling bed；Step 5: nursery；Step 6: plantation of transplanting seedlings；Step 7: the field management after transplanting, the field management after the transplanting includes A, watered, B, illumination, C, fertilising.A kind of implantation methods of onion of the present invention, improve the bud ratio of onion seed, the survival rate of seedling, the illness rate of onion set is reduced, the yield of onion can be not only improved, and the quality of onion also increases, planting household is reduced planting cost, be worthy to be popularized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of agricultural cultivation, and in particular to is a kind of implantation methods of onion.
Background technology
Onion（onion）, category Liliaceae, allium, biennial draft.Originating from being reached behind Asia all over the world, 20th century
First incoming China.Onion containing caffeic acid, sinapic acid, cinnamic acid, citrate, polysaccharide and several amino acids, protein, calcium, iron,
Phosphorus, selenium, B family vitamin, vitamin C, vitamin E, crude fibre, carbohydrate etc..
Onion is violent due to originating in continental climate area, local climate change, is air-dried, and soil moisture has bright
Aobvious seasonal variety, so in phylogenetic process, onion due to adapting to this particular surroundings for a long time, not only morphologically
Occur corresponding change --- stem disk, hygrophilous root system, drought-enduring blade profile, the bulb with storage function of cripetura, in physiology
On also generate certain adaptability.In vegetative growth phase, it is desirable to nice and cool temperature, the illumination of moderate strength, loose, fertile,
The strong soil of moisture holding capacity, relatively low air humidity, higher soil moisture, and show to resist cold, it is hygrophilous, manurial-philous the characteristics of, no
It is high temperature resistant, Qiang Guang, arid and barren.Enter rest period during the high temperature long-day.
Onion China be distributed it is very wide, there is cultivation north and south various regions, and cultivated area is also constantly expanding, be it is current I
State is main to plant one of vegetables.China has turned into one of larger 4 countries (China, India, the U.S., Japan) of onion output.I
The planting area of state is mainly the ground such as Shandong, Gansu, the Inner Mongol, Xinjiang.
Onion easily receives the invasion of pest and disease damage during nursery and plantation, onion emerge after easily infection mildew and
Damping-off, easily suffers from downy mildew, purple spot, wasting disease and soft rot etc. after transplanting.
The content of the invention
The present invention is exactly in view of the deficienciess of the prior art, there is provided a kind of implantation methods of onion.
To solve the above problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows：
A kind of implantation methods of onion, comprise the following steps：
Step 1: the selection and processing of planting site, the selection of the planting site and it is processed as：Selection place is open, sunshine is sufficient,
The planting site that physical features is high and dry, soil fine texture, soil fertility degree are high.10-15 days before clock onion set is moved, by planting site
Stalk and weeds are removed, and 50% thiram will be sprinkled into planting site, are plowed, ridging, row spacing 30-40cm, the high 15-20cm in ridge, ridge
Spacing 20-30cm.
Step 2: the selection of seed, the seed is chosen for：Choose natural maturity, it is full grains, undamaged disease-resistant
The onion seed of kind.
Step 3: seed is disinfected, the seed disinfect for：The seed chosen is put sudden and violent in the sun
Shine 3-4 hour, during be exposed to the sun, every 45-60 minutes to sprinkling 100 times of liquid of powder of carbendazim on seed.By the kind being exposed to the sun
Son, which is put into 30-40 DEG C of thermostatted water, to be soaked 12-15 hours, stirs seed frequently during soaking, and stirring number of times is no less than 5
It is secondary, seed is put into clear water after immersion is good and washed by rubbing with the hands repeatedly, untill the surface of the seed mucus is cleaned.
Step 4: the preparation of seedling bed, the seedling bed is prepared as：1. soil is sterilized, sterilization soil is to avoid seedling stage
Disease, will carry out disinfection to seedbed soil；Double with 40% carbendazim or 50% seed dressing, every square metre, with 11-14 grams, is mixed with soil
It is even.2. the preparation of Nutrition Soil, prepares Nutrition Soil seedbed soil and wants fluffy fertile, Nutrition Soil is by fertilizer, soil 1：10 proportions, fertilizer
Expect what is become thoroughly decomposed for high-quality, by heap it is vexed, smash the organic fertilizer of sieving to pieces.3. the preparation of seedling bed, selects 1-1.5 meters of bedside, bed is long
Seedling bed no more than 20 meters, seedbed and crop field ratio are 1：10, Nutrition Soil is uniformly spread on seedbed, takes 1/3 soil to spread
In Nutrition Soil, 2/3 soil is covered on seed in after planting；Prior to seeding 15-20 days, with 30 milliliters of 50% formalin,
Add water 100 times to spray and sterilized on seedbed, covered after spray with agricultural film.
Step 5: nursery, the nursery is：The seed handled well is planted on seedling medium soil, planting depth is
7-10cm, seedling bed is put into seedling growth greenhouse, and the temperature in seedling growth greenhouse is maintained at 12-20 DEG C daytime, and night is maintained at 12-15
DEG C, air humidity is maintained between 60%-80%.Watered once, poured after emerging every 18-24 hours every 8-10 hours before emerging
Water once, until seedling.
Step 6: plantation of transplanting seedlings, the plantation of transplanting seedlings is：Transplant time is selected in September early and middle ten dayses, and seedling age 50 during transplanting-
60 days, at dusk or it is overcast and rainy transplanted, transplant temperature be not less than 5 DEG C；The control of Transplanting den- sity be 2000-2500 plants/
Mu, depth is 8-10cm.
Step 7: the field management after transplanting, the field management after the transplanting is：
A, water
In seedling-slowing stage, every other day water once, after seedling-slowing stage, watered once every 2-3 days.
B, illumination
Avoid sunlight from irradiating in 5 days after transplanting, 7-10 days after transplanting, appropriate illumination can be carried out, light application time is arranged on
When -11 during the morning 8, after transplanting 10 days, normal illumination can be carried out.
C, fertilising
Apply within 15-30 days before transplanting base manure in planting site, the base manure is the phosphorous acid ammonia 30-50 by mass percent
Part, 800-1000 parts of farm manure, 100-200 parts of methane slag, 10-12 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 20-30 parts of potassium sulfate are mixed；3 below the moon
At the beginning of ten days, 4 months, it is coupled fertilising and pours water of turning green, per hectare imposes 225-250 kilograms of urea, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 225-300 thousand
Gram；When the bulb beginning expands, pour and expand water, per hectare imposes 120-150 kilograms of urea, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 225-250 thousand
Gram.
As the improvement of such scheme, in the step 5, in seedling raising process, heteroauxin is added in water, every
Heteroauxin solution is poured once within 20-24 hours, until budding；It is molten that the backward seedling that emerges sprays 3.15% 300 times of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis
Liquid, seedling mid-term sprays 3.15% 250 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis to seedling, in the seedling later stage, 40% carbendazim is sprayed to seedling
200 times of solution of pulvis.
As the improvement of such scheme, in the step 6, in seedling-slowing stage, fluopicolide pulvis was sprayed every 2-3 days
500 times of liquid；After seedling-slowing stage, fluopicolide 200 times of liquid of pulvis were sprayed every 3-5 days, even spray 4-5 times.
As the improvement of such scheme, in the step 5 and step 6, during nursery and plantation of transplanting seedlings, to dye
Sick plant will remove in time, and sprinkling 100 times of liquid of powder of carbendazim at sick seedling.
As the improvement of such scheme, in the step 5, after emerging, 3.15% methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis 300 is sprayed to seedling
Times solution, seedling mid-term sprays 3.15% 250 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis to seedling, in the seedling later stage, more than 40% is sprayed to seedling
Bacterium spirit 200 times of solution of pulvis.
Compared with prior art, implementation result of the invention is as follows by the present invention：
A kind of implantation methods of onion of the present invention, improve the bud ratio of onion seed, and the survival rate of seedling is reduced
The illness rate of onion set, can not only improve the yield of onion, and the quality of onion also increases.
Embodiment
Specific embodiment 1
A kind of implantation methods of onion, comprise the following steps：
Step 1: the selection and processing of planting site, the selection of the planting site and it is processed as：Selection place is open, sunshine is sufficient,
The planting site that physical features is high and dry, soil fine texture, soil fertility degree are high.10 days before clock onion set is moved, by the straw on planting site
Stalk and weeds are removed, and 50% thiram will be sprinkled into planting site, are plowed, ridging, row spacing 30cm, the high 15cm in ridge, ridge spacing 20cm.
Step 2: the selection of seed, the seed is chosen for：Choose natural maturity, it is full grains, undamaged disease-resistant
The onion seed of kind.
Step 3: seed is disinfected, the seed disinfect for：The seed chosen is put sudden and violent in the sun
Shine 3 hours, during be exposed to the sun, 100 times of liquid of powder of carbendazim were sprayed on seed every 45 minutes.The seed being exposed to the sun is put into
Soaked 12 hours in 30 DEG C of thermostatted water, stir seed frequently during soaking, stirring number of times is no less than 5 times, will after immersion is good
Seed is put into clear water and washed by rubbing with the hands repeatedly, untill the surface of the seed mucus is cleaned.
Step 4: the preparation of seedling bed, the seedling bed is prepared as：1. soil is sterilized, sterilization soil is to avoid seedling stage
Disease, will carry out disinfection to seedbed soil；Double with 40% carbendazim or 50% seed dressing, every square metre, with 11 grams, is mixed thoroughly with soil.②
The preparation of Nutrition Soil, prepares Nutrition Soil seedbed soil and wants fluffy fertile, Nutrition Soil is by fertilizer, soil 1：10 proportions, fertilizer is
What high-quality was become thoroughly decomposed, by heap it is vexed, smash the organic fertilizer of sieving to pieces.3. the preparation of seedling bed, selects 1 meter of bedside, bed is long to be no more than 20
The seedling bed of rice, seedbed and crop field ratio are 1：10, Nutrition Soil is uniformly spread on seedbed, takes 1/3 soil to be spread on Nutrition Soil,
2/3 soil is covered on seed in after planting；Prior to seeding 15 days, with 30 milliliters of 50% formalin, add water 100 times and spray
Sterilize, covered after spray with agricultural film on seedbed.
Step 5: nursery, the nursery is：The seed handled well is planted on seedling medium soil, planting depth is
9cm, seedling bed is put into seedling growth greenhouse, and the temperature in seedling growth greenhouse is maintained at 16 DEG C daytime, and night is maintained at 13 DEG C, air humidity
It is maintained between 70%.Watered once, watered once every 18 hours after emerging every 8 hours before emerging, until seedling.Educating
During seedling, heteroauxin is added in water, heteroauxin solution was poured once every 20 hours, until budding；Emerge backward children
Seedling sprays 3.15% 300 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis, and seedling mid-term sprays 3.15% 250 times of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis molten to seedling
Liquid, in the seedling later stage, 40% powder of carbendazim, 200 times of solution is sprayed to seedling.In seedling raising process, heteroauxin is added in water,
Heteroauxin solution was poured every 20 hours once, until budding；The backward seedling that emerges sprays 3.15% 300 times of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis
Solution, seedling mid-term sprays 3.15% 250 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis to seedling, in the seedling later stage, bacterium more than 40% is sprayed to seedling
Clever 200 times of solution of pulvis.After emerging, 3.15% 300 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis are sprayed to seedling, seedling mid-term is sprayed to seedling
3.15% 250 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis are spilt, in the seedling later stage, 40% powder of carbendazim, 200 times of solution are sprayed to seedling.
Step 6: plantation of transplanting seedlings, the plantation of transplanting seedlings is：Transplant time is selected in September early and middle ten dayses, seedling age 50 during transplanting
My god, at dusk or it is overcast and rainy transplanted, transplant temperature be not less than 5 DEG C；The control of Transplanting den- sity is 2000 plants/acre, and depth is
8cm.In seedling-slowing stage, fluopicolide 500 times of liquid of pulvis were sprayed every 2 days；After seedling-slowing stage, fluopicolide powder was sprayed every 3 days
200 times of liquid of agent, even spray 4 times.Make during nursery and plantation of transplanting seedlings, infected plant will be removed in time, and at sick seedling
Spray 100 times of liquid of powder of carbendazim.
Step 7: the field management after transplanting, the field management after the transplanting is：
A, water
In seedling-slowing stage, every other day water once, after seedling-slowing stage, watered once every 2 days.
B, illumination
Sunlight is avoided to irradiate in 5 days after transplanting, 7 after transplanting day can carry out appropriate illumination, and light application time is arranged on the morning
When -11 when 8, after transplanting 10 days, normal illumination can be carried out.
C, fertilising
Apply within 15 days before transplanting base manure in planting site, the base manure is 30 parts of phosphorous acid ammonia by mass percent, farmers'
800 parts of fertilizer, 100 parts of methane slag, 10 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 20 parts of potassium sulfate are mixed；Late March, is coupled fertilising and pours water of turning green, often
Hectare imposes 225 kilograms of urea, 225 kilograms of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer；When the bulb beginning expands, pour and expand water, per hectare imposes urine
Plain 120 kilograms, 225 kilograms of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer.
Specific embodiment 2
A kind of implantation methods of onion, comprise the following steps：
Step 1: the selection and processing of planting site, the selection of the planting site and it is processed as：Selection place is open, sunshine is sufficient,
The planting site that physical features is high and dry, soil fine texture, soil fertility degree are high.13 days before clock onion set is moved, by the straw on planting site
Stalk and weeds are removed, and 50% thiram will be sprinkled into planting site, are plowed, ridging, row spacing 35cm, the high 17cm in ridge, ridge spacing 25cm.
Step 2: the selection of seed, the seed is chosen for：Choose natural maturity, it is full grains, undamaged disease-resistant
The onion seed of kind.
Step 3: seed is disinfected, the seed disinfect for：The seed chosen is put sudden and violent in the sun
Shine 3.5 hours, during be exposed to the sun, 100 times of liquid of powder of carbendazim were sprayed on seed every 55 minutes.The seed being exposed to the sun is put
Enter in 35 DEG C of thermostatted water and soak 13 hours, stir seed frequently during soaking, stirring number of times is no less than 5 times, after immersion is good
Seed is put into clear water and washed by rubbing with the hands repeatedly, untill the surface of the seed mucus is cleaned.
Step 4: the preparation of seedling bed, the seedling bed is prepared as：1. soil is sterilized, sterilization soil is to avoid seedling stage
Disease, will carry out disinfection to seedbed soil；Double with 40% carbendazim or 50% seed dressing, every square metre, with 12.5 grams, is mixed thoroughly with soil.
2. the preparation of Nutrition Soil, prepares Nutrition Soil seedbed soil and wants fluffy fertile, Nutrition Soil is by fertilizer, soil 1：10 proportions, fertilizer
Become thoroughly decomposed for high-quality, by heap it is vexed, smash the organic fertilizer of sieving to pieces.3. the preparation of seedling bed, selects 1.25 meters of bedside, bed is long not to be surpassed
20 meters of seedling bed is crossed, seedbed and crop field ratio are 1：10, Nutrition Soil is uniformly spread on seedbed, takes 1/3 soil to be spread on battalion
Soil is supported, 2/3 soil is covered on seed in after planting；Prior to seeding 18 days, with 30 milliliters of 50% formalin, add water 100
Sterilize, covered after spray with agricultural film on sprinkling seedbed again.
Step 5: nursery, the nursery is：The seed handled well is planted on seedling medium soil, planting depth is
7cm, seedling bed is put into seedling growth greenhouse, and the temperature in seedling growth greenhouse is maintained at 12 DEG C daytime, and night is maintained at 12 DEG C, air humidity
It is maintained between 60%.Watered once, watered once every 18 hours after emerging every 9 hours before emerging, until seedling.Educating
During seedling, heteroauxin is added in water, heteroauxin solution was poured once every 21 hours, until budding；Emerge backward children
Seedling sprays 3.15% 300 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis, and seedling mid-term sprays 3.15% 250 times of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis molten to seedling
Liquid, in the seedling later stage, 40% powder of carbendazim, 200 times of solution is sprayed to seedling.In seedling raising process, heteroauxin is added in water,
Heteroauxin solution was poured every 22 hours once, until budding；The backward seedling that emerges sprays 3.15% 300 times of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis
Solution, seedling mid-term sprays 3.15% 250 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis to seedling, in the seedling later stage, bacterium more than 40% is sprayed to seedling
Clever 200 times of solution of pulvis.After emerging, 3.15% 300 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis are sprayed to seedling, seedling mid-term is sprayed to seedling
3.15% 250 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis are spilt, in the seedling later stage, 40% powder of carbendazim, 200 times of solution are sprayed to seedling.
Step 6: plantation of transplanting seedlings, the plantation of transplanting seedlings is：Transplant time is selected in September early and middle ten dayses, seedling age 55 during transplanting
My god, at dusk or it is overcast and rainy transplanted, transplant temperature be not less than 5 DEG C；The control of Transplanting den- sity is 2200 plants/acre, and depth is
9cm.In seedling-slowing stage, fluopicolide 500 times of liquid of pulvis were sprayed every 2 days；After seedling-slowing stage, fluopicolide powder was sprayed every 4 days
200 times of liquid of agent, even spray 4 times.Make during nursery and plantation of transplanting seedlings, infected plant will be removed in time, and at sick seedling
Spray 100 times of liquid of powder of carbendazim.
Step 7: the field management after transplanting, the field management after the transplanting is：
A, water
In seedling-slowing stage, every other day water once, after seedling-slowing stage, watered once every 2 days.
B, illumination
Sunlight is avoided to irradiate in 5 days after transplanting, 9 after transplanting day can carry out appropriate illumination, and light application time is arranged on the morning
When -11 when 8, after transplanting 10 days, normal illumination can be carried out.
C, fertilising
Apply within 22 days before transplanting base manure in planting site, the base manure is 40 parts of phosphorous acid ammonia by mass percent, farmers'
900 parts of fertilizer, 150 parts of methane slag, 11 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 25 parts of potassium sulfate are mixed；Late March, is coupled fertilising and pours water of turning green, often
Hectare imposes 235 kilograms of urea, 260 kilograms of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer；When the bulb beginning expands, pour and expand water, per hectare imposes urine
Plain 135 kilograms, 235 kilograms of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer.
Specific embodiment 3
A kind of implantation methods of onion, comprise the following steps：
Step 1: the selection and processing of planting site, the selection of the planting site and it is processed as：Selection place is open, sunshine is sufficient,
The planting site that physical features is high and dry, soil fine texture, soil fertility degree are high.15 days before clock onion set is moved, by the straw on planting site
Stalk and weeds are removed, and 50% thiram will be sprinkled into planting site, are plowed, ridging, row spacing 40cm, the high 20cm in ridge, ridge spacing 30cm.
Step 2: the selection of seed, the seed is chosen for：Choose natural maturity, it is full grains, undamaged disease-resistant
The onion seed of kind.
Step 3: seed is disinfected, the seed disinfect for：The seed chosen is put sudden and violent in the sun
Shine 4 hours, during be exposed to the sun, 100 times of liquid of powder of carbendazim were sprayed on seed every 60 minutes.The seed being exposed to the sun is put into
Soaked 15 hours in 40 DEG C of thermostatted water, stir seed frequently during soaking, stirring number of times is no less than 5 times, will after immersion is good
Seed is put into clear water and washed by rubbing with the hands repeatedly, untill the surface of the seed mucus is cleaned.
Step 4: the preparation of seedling bed, the seedling bed is prepared as：1. soil is sterilized, sterilization soil is to avoid seedling stage
Disease, will carry out disinfection to seedbed soil；Double with 40% carbendazim or 50% seed dressing, every square metre, with 14 grams, is mixed thoroughly with soil.②
The preparation of Nutrition Soil, prepares Nutrition Soil seedbed soil and wants fluffy fertile, Nutrition Soil is by fertilizer, soil 1：10 proportions, fertilizer is
What high-quality was become thoroughly decomposed, by heap it is vexed, smash the organic fertilizer of sieving to pieces.3. the preparation of seedling bed, selects 1.5 meters of bedside, bed is long to be no more than
20 meters of seedling bed, seedbed and crop field ratio are 1：10, Nutrition Soil is uniformly spread on seedbed, takes 1/3 soil to be spread on nutrition
Soil, 2/3 soil is covered on seed in after planting；Prior to seeding 15-20 days, with 30 milliliters of 50% formalin, add water 100
Sterilize, covered after spray with agricultural film on sprinkling seedbed again.
Step 5: nursery, the nursery is：The seed handled well is planted on seedling medium soil, planting depth is
10cm, seedling bed is put into seedling growth greenhouse, and the temperature in seedling growth greenhouse is maintained at 20 DEG C daytime, and night is maintained at 15 DEG C, and air is wet
Degree is maintained between 80%.Watered once, watered once every 24 hours after emerging every 10 hours before emerging, until seedling.
In seedling raising process, heteroauxin is added in water, heteroauxin solution was poured once every 24 hours, until budding；Emerge backward
Seedling sprays 3.15% 300 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis, and seedling mid-term sprays 3.15% 250 times of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis to seedling
Solution, in the seedling later stage, 40% powder of carbendazim, 200 times of solution is sprayed to seedling.After emerging, 3.15% methyl α-naphthyl acetate first is sprayed to seedling
300 times of solution of pulvis, seedling mid-term is sprayed 3.15% 250 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis to seedling, in the seedling later stage, sprayed to seedling
Spill 40% powder of carbendazim, 200 times of solution.
Step 6: plantation of transplanting seedlings, the plantation of transplanting seedlings is：Transplant time is selected in September early and middle ten dayses, seedling age 60 during transplanting
My god, at dusk or it is overcast and rainy transplanted, transplant temperature be not less than 5 DEG C；The control of Transplanting den- sity is 2500 plants/acre, and depth is
10cm.In seedling-slowing stage, fluopicolide 500 times of liquid of pulvis were sprayed every 3 days；After seedling-slowing stage, fluopicolide powder was sprayed every 5 days
200 times of liquid of agent, even spray 5 times.During nursery and plantation of transplanting seedlings, infected plant will in time be removed, and sprayed at sick seedling
Spill 100 times of liquid of powder of carbendazim.
Step 7: the field management after transplanting, the field management after the transplanting is：
A, water
In seedling-slowing stage, every other day water once, after seedling-slowing stage, watered once every 3 days.
B, illumination
Sunlight is avoided to irradiate in 5 days after transplanting, 10 after transplanting day can carry out appropriate illumination, and light application time is arranged on
When -11 during noon 8, after transplanting 10 days, normal illumination can be carried out.
C, fertilising
Apply within 30 days before transplanting base manure in planting site, the base manure is 50 parts of phosphorous acid ammonia by mass percent, farmers'
1000 parts of fertilizer, 200 parts of methane slag, 12 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 30 parts of potassium sulfate are mixed；At the beginning of 4 months, it is coupled fertilising and pours water of turning green, often
Hectare imposes 250 kilograms of urea, 300 kilograms of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer；When the bulb beginning expands, pour and expand water, per hectare imposes urine
Plain 150 kilograms, 250 kilograms of compound potassium sulfate fertilizer.
Comparative example 1
Prior art is planted
Selection is divided into 4 groups of plantations with a collection of onion seed 4000, same according to the inventive method and prior art planting method
Shi Jinhang is planted, and other conditions are identical and suitable, experimental result such as following table：
| Specific embodiment 1 | Specific embodiment 2 | Specific embodiment 3 | Comparative example 1 | |
| Bud ratio | 95.3% | 97.1% | 98.1% | 80.9% |
| Seedling illness rate | 1.2% | 0.8% | 0.6% | 8.3% |
| Plant illness rate | 2.2% | 1.5% | 1.3% | 6.5% |
| Total fruit weight（Jin） | 455 | 481 | 499 | 398 |
As seen from table, of the invention, a kind of implantation methods of onion of the present invention improve the bud ratio of onion seed, children
The survival rate of seedling, reduces the illness rate of onion set, can not only improve the yield of onion, and the quality of onion has also been carried
Height, makes planting household reduce planting cost, is worthy to be popularized.
Above content is made for the present invention in conjunction with specific embodiments describes in detail, it is impossible to assert that the present invention is specific real
Apply and be only limitted to these explanations.For those skilled in the art, before present inventive concept is not departed from
Put, some simple deduction or replace can also be made, the scope of protection of the invention should be all considered as belonging to.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of implantation methods of onion, it is characterised in that：Comprise the following steps：
Step 1: the selection and processing of planting site, the selection of the planting site and it is processed as：Selection place is open, sunshine is sufficient,
The planting site that physical features is high and dry, soil fine texture, soil fertility degree are high；10-15 days before clock onion set is moved, by planting site
Stalk and weeds are removed, and 50% thiram will be sprinkled into planting site, are plowed, ridging, row spacing 30-40cm, the high 15-20cm in ridge, ridge
Spacing 20-30cm；
Step 2: the selection of seed, the seed is chosen for：Choose natural maturity, full grains, undamaged disease-resistant variety
Onion seed；
Step 3: seed is disinfected, the seed disinfect for：The seed chosen is put into the 3- that is exposed to the sun in the sun
4 hours, during being exposed to the sun, every 45-60 minutes to sprinkling 100 times of liquid of powder of carbendazim on seed, the seed being exposed to the sun is put
Enter in 30-40 DEG C of thermostatted water and soak 12-15 hours, stir seed frequently during soaking, stirring number of times is no less than 5 times, leaching
Seed is put into clear water after soaking and washed by rubbing with the hands repeatedly, untill the surface of the seed mucus is cleaned；
Step 4: the preparation of seedling bed, the seedling bed is prepared as：1. soil is sterilized, sterilization soil is to avoid sprout term disease,
Seedbed soil is carried out disinfection；Double with 40% carbendazim or 50% seed dressing, every square metre, with 11-14 grams, is mixed thoroughly with soil；②
The preparation of Nutrition Soil, prepares Nutrition Soil seedbed soil and wants fluffy fertile, Nutrition Soil is by fertilizer, soil 1：10 proportions, fertilizer is
What high-quality was become thoroughly decomposed, by heap it is vexed, smash the organic fertilizer of sieving to pieces；3. the preparation of seedling bed, selects 1-1.5 meters of bedside, bed is long not to be surpassed
20 meters of seedling bed is crossed, seedbed and crop field ratio are 1：10, Nutrition Soil is uniformly spread on seedbed, takes 1/3 soil to be spread on battalion
Soil is supported, 2/3 soil is covered on seed in after planting；Prior to seeding 15-20 days, with 30 milliliters of 50% formalin, add water
Sterilize, covered after spray with agricultural film on 100 times of sprinkling seedbeds；
Step 5: nursery, the nursery is：The seed handled well is planted on seedling medium soil, planting depth is 7-
10cm, seedling bed is put into seedling growth greenhouse, and the temperature in seedling growth greenhouse is maintained at 12-20 DEG C daytime, and night is maintained at 12-15 DEG C,
Air humidity is maintained between 60%-80%, is watered once every 8-10 hours before emerging, and is watered after emerging every 18-24 hours
Once, until seedling；
Step 6: plantation of transplanting seedlings, the plantation of transplanting seedlings is：Transplant time is selected in September early and middle ten dayses, seedling age 50-60 during transplanting
My god, at dusk or it is overcast and rainy transplanted, transplant temperature be not less than 5 DEG C；The control of Transplanting den- sity is 2000-2500 plants/acre,
Depth is 8-10cm；
Step 7: the field management after transplanting, the field management after the transplanting is：
A, water
In seedling-slowing stage, every other day water once, after seedling-slowing stage, watered once every 2-3 days；
B, illumination
Avoid sunlight from irradiating in 5 days after transplanting, 7-10 days after transplanting, appropriate illumination can be carried out, light application time is arranged on
When -11 during the morning 8, after transplanting 10 days, normal illumination can be carried out；
C, fertilising
Apply within 15-30 days before transplanting base manure in planting site, the base manure is the phosphorous acid ammonia 30-50 by mass percent
Part, 800-1000 parts of farm manure, 100-200 parts of methane slag, 10-12 parts of nitrogenous fertilizer, 20-30 parts of potassium sulfate are mixed；3 below the moon
At the beginning of ten days, 4 months, it is coupled fertilising and pours water of turning green, per hectare imposes 225-250 kilograms of urea, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 225-300 thousand
Gram；When the bulb beginning expands, pour and expand water, per hectare imposes 120-150 kilograms of urea, compound potassium sulfate fertilizer 225-250 thousand
Gram.
2. a kind of implantation methods of onion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 5, in nursery
During, heteroauxin is added in water, heteroauxin solution was poured once every 20-24 hours, until budding；Emerge backward children
Seedling sprays 3.15% 300 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis, and seedling mid-term sprays 3.15% 250 times of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis molten to seedling
Liquid, in the seedling later stage, 40% powder of carbendazim, 200 times of solution is sprayed to seedling.
3. a kind of implantation methods of onion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 6, in slow seedling
In phase, fluopicolide 500 times of liquid of pulvis were sprayed every 2-3 days；After seedling-slowing stage, every 3-5 days spray fluopicolide pulvis 200
Times liquid, even spray 4-5 times.
4. a kind of implantation methods of onion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：The step 5 and step 6
In, during nursery and plantation of transplanting seedlings, infected plant will be removed in time, and the sprinkling powder of carbendazim 100 at sick seedling
Times liquid.
5. a kind of implantation methods of onion according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：In the step 5, after emerging,
3.15% 300 times of solution of methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis are sprayed to seedling, seedling mid-term sprays 3.15% methyl α-naphthyl acetate first pulvis 250 to seedling
Times solution, in the seedling later stage, 40% powder of carbendazim, 200 times of solution is sprayed to seedling.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107371776A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-11-24 | 界首市金灵种植专业合作社 | A kind of onion survives the winter method for culturing seedlings |
| CN107711388A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-02-23 | 海门市利美农副产品有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of onion |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101999292A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-04-06 | 刘广善 | Method for culturing greenhouse onion |
| CN104221693A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 张家港市杨舍镇善港农民专业合作社 | High-yield onion planting method |
| CN105052484A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-11-18 | 太仓市家欣农场专业合作社 | High-quality high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for onions |
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| CN101999292A (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2011-04-06 | 刘广善 | Method for culturing greenhouse onion |
| CN104221693A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2014-12-24 | 张家港市杨舍镇善港农民专业合作社 | High-yield onion planting method |
| CN105052484A (en) * | 2015-08-03 | 2015-11-18 | 太仓市家欣农场专业合作社 | High-quality high-yield and high-efficiency cultivation method for onions |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107711388A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2018-02-23 | 海门市利美农副产品有限公司 | A kind of implantation methods of onion |
| CN107371776A (en) * | 2017-09-19 | 2017-11-24 | 界首市金灵种植专业合作社 | A kind of onion survives the winter method for culturing seedlings |
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