CN113016538B - Sweet potato planting method, rape planting method and application of rape - Google Patents
Sweet potato planting method, rape planting method and application of rape Download PDFInfo
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Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/25—Root crops, e.g. potatoes, yams, beet or wasabi
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B79/00—Methods for working soil
- A01B79/02—Methods for working soil combined with other agricultural processing, e.g. fertilising, planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G13/00—Protecting plants
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/15—Leaf crops, e.g. lettuce or spinach
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
Abstract
The invention provides a sweet potato planting method, which comprises the following steps: cutting the first batch of sweet potato vines in 5 months of the current year, harvesting before 10 months of the current year, and sowing rape; secondly, deep turning and green pressing of rape plants in 4 months of the next year, and then cutting the second batch of sweet potato vines in 5-6 months; third, repeating the first step and the second step after harvesting the sweet potatoes in 10 ten days; wherein, rape seeding time is 10 months in the middle and late ten days, glufosinate is used for weeding before first seeding, and sweet potato planting mode is sweet potato vine cutting. The invention also provides a rape planting method, and rape planted by the method is used for planting sweet potatoes, and the rape is used as a green fertilizer in the sweet potato planting process, so that the use amount of the fertilizer is reduced or no chemical fertilizer is used, meanwhile, the effect of pest control is achieved, the sweet potatoes planted by the method show a year-by-year yield increasing situation, the disease resistance and growth capacity of the sweet potatoes can be enhanced, the yield of the sweet potatoes can be improved, and the quality of the sweet potatoes can be improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural planting, in particular to a sweet potato planting method, a rape planting method and application of rape.
Background
Sweet potato is a high-yield and high-adaptability grain crop, and has close relationship with industrial and agricultural production and people's life. The block eradication is used as a main grain, is also an important raw material for food processing and starch and alcohol manufacturing industries, and the root, stem and leaf are excellent vegetables and feeds.
The sweet potato growth temperature is 22-30 deg.c and is lower than 15 deg.c. The temperature requirements of different growth periods are different, the temperature in the bud period is preferably 18-22 ℃, and the bud yield is influenced by the too high and the too low temperature. The temperature of the seedling stage is preferably 22-25 ℃, otherwise, the growth of the seedling stage is prevented, and even the seedling stage stops growing; if the temperature is lower than 8 ℃, the plants die through frosting, or are frozen. The temperature of the root stage is preferably 22-25 ℃. The proper temperature can promote the growth condition of plants in each growth period and ensure the quantity and expansion of tuberous roots.
In the sweet potato planting in the prior art, a large amount of chemical fertilizers are generally required to be applied, the plant diseases and insect pests are serious, pesticides are required to be sprayed, however, the use of the chemical fertilizers and the pesticides can lead to soil hardening, poor soil air permeability, the expansion of sweet potato tubers is influenced, and the yield reduction and quality deterioration of the sweet potatoes are caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects existing in the prior art, the invention provides a sweet potato planting method, a rape planting method and application of rape, which solve the problems that soil is hardened and air permeability is poor due to the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides in the prior art, thereby influencing the expansion of sweet potato tubers and further reducing the yield of sweet potatoes.
According to an embodiment of the invention, a sweet potato planting method comprises the following steps:
cutting the first batch of sweet potato vines in 5 months of the current year, harvesting before 10 months of the current year, and sowing rape;
secondly, deep turning and green pressing rape plants in 3-4 months of the next year, and then cutting the second batch of sweet potato vines in 5-6 months;
third, repeating the first step and the second step after harvesting the sweet potatoes in 10 ten days; wherein,
the sowing time of the rape is 10 months in middle and late ten days; in the second step, 40-60% of rape flowers are cut off before deep turning and green pressing of rape plants, the deep turning and green pressing is carried out after the rape plants are mechanically crushed, and quicklime is broadcast during deep turning and green pressing to carry out ridge turning treatment.
Further, when the green is deeply ploughed, the soil ploughing depth is 15-20 cm.
Further, after deep turning and green pressing, water is irrigated to the ridge surface to enable the water content of the soil to be 40-50%, then cuttage is carried out on sweet potato vines, and 0-6 g of compound fertilizer is applied to each sweet potato vine during cuttage.
Further, after the sweet potato vine cutting is completed, the mulching film is covered, and the sweet potato vine is exposed above the mulching film.
Further, when the sweet potato vines are inserted, after the single sweet potato vines are bent, the middle section is pressed into the soil layer, and at least 1 section of each of the two ends is exposed above the ridge surface.
Further, when the sweet potato vines are inserted, two ends of the single sweet potato vines are inserted into soil, and at least 2 joints of the middle section of the single sweet potato vines are exposed above the ridge surface.
Further, in the first step, 10d before sowing the rape is herbicidal with glufosinate or diquat.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the rape planting method is also provided, the rape seed sowing mode is adopted, and the seed quantity for rape sowing per mu is 300-450 g;
the rapeseed seeds are applied with sulfur-containing fertilizer as base fertilizer before sowing, and the dosage of the base fertilizer is 15-20 kg/mu.
Further, borax solution with mass concentration of 1-2% is adopted for seed soaking operation before sowing the rapeseeds.
Further, the borax solution also contains 0.02-0.05% of zinc sulfate.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the application of the rape is also provided, namely, the rape is used for planting the sweet potatoes, and the leaves of the rape in the full bloom stage contain 2.1-2.8 mu moL/gFW of sulfan.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the rape flower sea is created in the full bloom stage by planting rape, so that the rape flower sea can be used for travel development, the income of farmers is increased, then the rape is deeply ploughed and green-pressed to serve as a green manure for sweet potato planting, and through the use of the rape green manure, the use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides and the harm of diseases and insects can be reduced, the effect of soil conditioning is achieved, the soil hardening is broken, the soil is loosened, the soil air permeability is improved, the soil poison is reduced, the soil microorganism is increased, the soil fertility and the water retention and drought resistance are enhanced, the disease resistance and the growth capacity of sweet potatoes are enhanced, the yield of the sweet potatoes are improved, and the quality of the sweet potatoes is improved;
meanwhile, the method also carries out straw returning (summer sweet potatoes are planted in winter and spring rape stubbles, the whole rape green manure is returned to the field), the pesticide and chemical fertilizers are reduced, the quality and the high-yield appearance of the sweet potatoes are beautiful (the soil is loose, soil moisture is preserved, the soil is increased, the fertilizer is increased, quick lime is added during the pressing of the rape in the flowering phase, the rape is turned over to promote the rape to be thoroughly decomposed, sterilization, egg killing, disease and insect pest are carried out in an auxiliary manner, and calcium sources can be improved for the growth of the sweet potatoes, so that the calcium content of the sweet potatoes is improved, the quality of the sweet potatoes is reduced, the storage period is prolonged, and the cultivation procedures of adding the rape straw and Tian Jiashi quick lime into the sweet potatoes are solved, so that the problems of replacing organic fertilizers, reducing the application of chemical fertilizers, improving the environment, improving the quality of the sweet potatoes and the fact that the sweet potatoes cannot be returned to the field (such as the forbidden burning of the straws) are solved;
the prior art has researches show that the rape stubble has a promoting effect on the yield increase of crops (such as corn), but the promoting effect is mainly realized by increasing soil organic matters, improving the content of effective potassium/phosphorus in the soil and the like, and the rape stubble is returned to the field and comprises overground plants (including stems, leaves, flowers in a full bloom stage and the like), and the stubble in the application is different from the stubble in the prior art, the stubble in the full bloom stage instead of the stubble after rape harvest, and leaves (including plants) of plants in the period contain higher concentration of thioglycoside, so that the effect of preventing insect pests can be achieved to a certain extent.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described below by referring to examples.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a sweet potato planting method, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, planting sweet potatoes in the first batch of 5 months of the current year, harvesting the sweet potatoes in the middle 10 months of the current year, digging out the sweet potatoes, uniformly spraying and weeding with 100ml of 10% glufosinate-ammonium aqua per mu of water and 80kg of water, sowing rape seeds after 10d, sowing rape, and sowing the seed quantity of 375g per mu;
secondly, cutting 40% of rape flowers in the next 3 months, carrying out deep turning and green pressing after mechanically crushing rape plants, wherein the soil turning depth is 15cm, spreading quicklime powder (8 kg/mu) while deep turning, watering clear water to the ridge surface after deep turning and green pressing to enable the soil layer to contain 40% of water, carrying out second-batch sweet potato planting in 5 months, and carrying out first-batch sweet potato planting and second-batch sweet potato planting in a single-plant sweet potato vine cutting mode;
thirdly, after harvesting sweet potatoes in 10 middle ten days, directly sowing rape seeds, deeply turning and pressing green, planting sweet potatoes in a third batch, and circularly carrying out;
in the first step and the second step, the sweet potato vines are sheared into lengths of 20cm, the middle sections are bent and then pressed into the soil layer, 1 internode is respectively exposed above the ridge surface, the distance between the two ends is ensured to be 10cm, the mulching film is covered after cutting is completed, and meanwhile the two ends of the sweet potato vines penetrate through the mulching film to the position above the mulching film.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a sweet potato planting method, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, planting sweet potatoes in the first batch of 5 months in the same year, harvesting the sweet potatoes in the last 10 months in the same year, digging out the sweet potatoes, uniformly spraying 100kg of water with 100 ml/mu of 10% glufosinate-ammonium solution, weeding, sowing rape seeds in the last 10 months, sowing rape, and sowing 375g of seeds per mu;
secondly, cutting 50% of rape flowers, then carrying out deep turning and green pressing after mechanically crushing rape plants, wherein the soil turning depth is 18cm, spraying quicklime powder (10 kg/mu) at the same time of deep turning, and after deep turning and green pressing, irrigating clear water on the ridge surface to enable the soil layer to contain 45% of water, carrying out second-batch sweet potato planting in 6 months, wherein the first-batch sweet potato planting and the second-batch sweet potato planting are carried out in a single-plant sweet potato vine cutting mode;
and thirdly, after harvesting sweet potatoes in 10 middle ten days, directly sowing rape seeds, deep turning and pressing green, planting the sweet potatoes in the third batch, and circularly carrying out.
In the first step and the second step, the sweet potato vines are sheared into 23cm lengths, the middle sections are bent and then pressed into the soil layer, 2 internodes at two ends are respectively exposed above the ridge surface, the distance between the two ends is ensured to be 14cm, the mulching film is covered after cutting is completed, and meanwhile the two ends of the sweet potato vines penetrate through the mulching film to the position above the mulching film.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a sweet potato planting method, which comprises the following steps:
firstly, planting sweet potatoes in the first batch of 5 months of the current year, harvesting the sweet potatoes in the middle 10 months of the current year, digging out the sweet potatoes, uniformly spraying and weeding with 100 ml/mu of 10% glufosinate-ammonium water solution, sowing rape seeds after 10d, and sowing rape with 375g of seed quantity per mu;
secondly, cutting 60% of rape flowers, then carrying out deep turning and green pressing after mechanically crushing rape plants, wherein the soil turning depth is 20cm, spraying quicklime powder (12 kg/mu) at the same time of deep turning, and after deep turning and green pressing, irrigating clear water on the ridge surface to enable the soil layer to contain 50% of water, carrying out second-batch sweet potato planting in 5 months, wherein the first-batch sweet potato planting and the second-batch sweet potato planting are carried out in a single-plant sweet potato vine cutting mode;
and thirdly, after harvesting sweet potatoes in 10 middle ten days, directly sowing rape seeds, deep turning and pressing green, planting the sweet potatoes in the third batch, and circularly carrying out.
In the first step and the second step, the sweet potato vines are sheared into 26cm lengths, the middle sections are bent and then pressed into the soil layer, 3 internodes at two ends are respectively exposed above the ridge surface, the distance between the two ends is ensured to be 16cm, the mulching film is covered after cutting is completed, and meanwhile the two ends of the sweet potato vines penetrate through the mulching film to the position above the mulching film.
Example 4
The present embodiment provides a sweet potato planting method, which is the same as that of embodiment 1 except for the following, and specifically differs in that:
the two ends are inserted into the soil, so that the middle section has 2 internodes exposed above the mulching film.
Example 5
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, which was identical to example 4 except for the following, with the specific differences that:
the middle section has 4 internodes exposed above the mulching film.
Example 6
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, which was identical to example 4 except for the following, with the specific differences that:
the middle section has 6 internodes exposed above the mulching film.
Example 7
The present embodiment provides a sweet potato planting method, which is the same as that of embodiment 1 except for the following, and specifically differs in that:
2g of compound fertilizer (namely potassium sulfate compound fertilizer) is applied on the soil layer between the two ends.
Example 8
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, which was identical to example 2 except for the following, with the specific differences that:
4g of compound fertilizer (namely potassium sulfate compound fertilizer) is applied on the soil layer between the two ends.
Example 9
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, which was identical to example 3 except for the following, with the specific differences that:
8g of compound fertilizer (namely potassium sulfate compound fertilizer) is applied on the soil layer between the two ends.
Example 10
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, which was identical to example 4 except for the following, with the specific differences that:
2g of compound fertilizer (namely potassium sulfate compound fertilizer) is applied on the soil layer between the two ends.
Example 11
The embodiment provides a rape planting method, which adopts medium double 11 # rape seeds for sowing with the dosage of 300 g/mu, before sowing, the rape seeds are soaked in borax solution with the mass concentration of 1% for 16 hours, and the borax solution also contains 0.02% of zinc sulfate;
the base fertilizer adopts potassium sulfate with the dosage of 20 kg/mu.
Example 12
The embodiment provides a rape planting method, which adopts medium double 11 # rape seeds for sowing, wherein before sowing, the rape seeds are soaked in borax solution with the mass concentration of 1.5% for 14 hours, and the borax solution also contains 0.03% of zinc sulfate, and the dosage is 375 g/mu;
the base fertilizer adopts potassium sulfate with the dosage of 17.5 kg/mu.
Example 13
The embodiment provides a rape planting method, which adopts medium double 11 # rape seeds for sowing, the dosage is 450 g/mu, before sowing, the rape seeds are soaked in borax solution with the mass concentration of 2% for 12 hours, and the borax solution also contains 0.05% of zinc sulfate;
the base fertilizer adopts potassium sulfate with the dosage of 15 kg/mu.
Comparative example 1
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the rest being the same as example 1 except for the following, the specific differences being that:
and (3) uniformly spraying the same amount of clear water 10 days before cutting sweet potato vines.
Comparative example 2
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the rest being the same as example 1 except for the following, the specific differences being that:
in the first step, 60kg of water is added with 100 ml/mu of 10% glufosinate-ammonium aqua for uniform spraying and weeding.
Comparative example 3
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the rest being the same as example 1 except for the following, the specific differences being that:
in the first step, 150kg of water is added into 100 ml/mu of 10% glufosinate-ammonium aqua for uniform spraying and weeding.
Comparative example 4
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the rest being the same as example 1 except for the following, the specific differences being that:
in the second step, the rape flower ear cutting operation is not performed, and the rape flower ear is directly deeply ploughed and pressed into green.
Comparative example 5
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the rest being the same as example 1 except for the following, the specific differences being that:
in the second step, deep-ploughing and green-pressing are carried out after the whole rape flower ears are cut off.
Comparative example 6
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the rest being the same as example 1 except for the following, the specific differences being that:
in the second step, 20 percent of rape flower ears are cut off
Comparative example 7
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the rest being the same as example 1 except for the following, the specific differences being that:
in the second step, 80 percent of rape flower ears are cut off
Comparative example 8
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the rest being the same as example 1 except for the following, the specific differences being that:
in the second step, the mulch film is not covered.
Comparative example 9
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the remainder being the same as example 3 except for the following:
the dosage of the quicklime powder is 15 kg/mu.
Comparative example 10
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the remainder being the same as example 3 except for the following:
the dosage of the quicklime powder is 6 kg/mu.
Comparative example 11
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the remainder being the same as example 8 except for the following, the specific differences being that:
in the first and second steps, the older end of the sweet potato vine is inserted into the soil and 2 knots are exposed above the ridge surface, and 4g of compound fertilizer (namely potassium sulfate compound fertilizer) is applied at a position 7cm away from the sweet potato vine.
Comparative example 12
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the remainder being identical to comparative example 11 except for the following:
so that 4 internodes are exposed above the ridge surface.
Comparative example 13
The present example provided a sweet potato planting method, the remainder being identical to comparative example 11 except for the following:
the tender end is inserted into the soil.
Comparative example 14
The present example provided a method for planting canola, which was identical to example 11 except for the following, with the specific differences:
soaking seeds with clear water without using potassium sulfate or other sulfur-containing chemical fertilizers as base fertilizer.
Comparative example 15
The present example provided a method for planting canola, which was identical to example 11 except for the following, with the specific differences:
does not contain zinc sulfate.
Comparative example 16
The present example provided a method for planting canola, which was identical to example 11 except for the following, with the specific differences:
does not contain borax.
The sweet potato tubers of examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 13 were compared, and the results are shown in the following table:
the glufosinate in the above embodiments may also be replaced by diquat.
The quicklime powder, the rape plants and the rape ears used in the examples and the comparative examples are buried in the soil layer together, and the added quicklime powder can promote the rape plants and the rape ears to be decomposed, assist in sterilizing and killing eggs, has light plant diseases and insect pests, and can improve the calcium source for the growth of sweet potatoes, so that the calcium content of the sweet potatoes is improved, and further, the sweet potato cracks are reduced, the quality is improved, and the storage period is prolonged.
As can be seen from the table, the tubers and plants obtained from the sweet potatoes planted in examples 1 to 10 have good quality, the weight gain of the tubers is obvious after the first batch, and the weight gain is slowed down after the third batch; wherein,
the examples 1, 2 and 3 adopt U-shaped cuttage with two ends upwards, and the examples 4, 5 and 6 adopt inverted U-shaped cuttage with two ends buried in the soil, so that good yield increasing effect can be achieved:
when the U-shaped cutting is inserted, the internode leaf bud at the older end grows downwards, and the touched mulching film is bent upwards, so that the U-shaped cutting can grow upwards normally as the tender end after one end time;
when the inverted U-shaped cuttage is used, internode leaf buds above the ridge surface transversely grow, but the situation of upward growth can be recovered after a certain time, but the yield increase of the inverted U-shaped cuttage is compared with that of the U-shaped cuttage, and the yield increase is inferior to that of the straight-bar-shaped cuttage of comparative examples 11, 12 and 13;
in comparative examples 11, 12 and 13 of the straight cuttage, comparative examples 11 and 12 were in the state that the older end was earthen, their internode buds were grown in the normal upward state, comparative example 13 was in the state that the younger end was earthen, the internode buds on them were grown upside down, and after a lapse of a certain period of time, the upward growth was resumed, and the yield was weaker.
When the U-shaped cuttage is carried out, the middle section of the sweet potato vine is pressed in the soil layer, and is supplied to the two ends after absorbing nutrients, so that the two ends of the sweet potato vine can grow, and the yield of the sweet potato is improved; the inverted U-shaped cuttage enables two cut ends of the sweet potato vines to be buried in the soil layer, so that internodes (middle growing points) exposed outside the soil layer can absorb more nutrients;
the clear water is adopted to replace glufosinate in comparative example 1, but insect damage does not occur, the yield is not abnormal greatly, the concentration of glufosinate in comparative example 2 is high, and the concentration of glufosinate in comparative example 3 is low, which indicates that the high concentration of glufosinate leads to the reduction of yield and also leads to the occurrence of insect damage, which indicates that the glufosinate can be used without or at a low concentration, the high concentration can influence the yield of sweet potatoes and also leads to the occurrence of insect damage, and the high concentration of glufosinate can influence the growth of rape, so that the yield reduction of rape is caused, and the insecticidal and fattening effects of rape are reduced.
In comparative example 4, all the spikes were pressed into the soil layer, resulting in insect pest, and in comparative example 6, 80% of the spikes were pressed into the soil layer, and also resulting in lighter insect pest, indicating that no more spikes could be pressed into the soil layer;
comparative example 5 did not press into the ears, and comparative example 7 pressed into 20% of the ears, and did not cause insect damage, but the yield increasing effect was weaker, indicating that a proper amount of ears were required to be pressed into the sweet potato, which was beneficial to yield increase of sweet potato.
Comparative example 8 was not covered with mulch film, and the yield was poor, indicating that mulch film could ensure yield.
Comparative example 9 uses a larger two quicklime powder, which has weaker stimulation than example 3, indicating that pressing more of the raw stone ash is detrimental to stimulation,
the comparative example 10 has less quicklime powder, causes insect damage, and has poor yield-increasing effect, which indicates that the addition of quicklime can cooperate with the flower ears and plants, and too little quicklime powder is unfavorable for the yield increase and pest control of sweet potatoes.
Examples 7, 8 and 9 are compared with examples 1, 2 and 3, respectively, and the effect of the stimulation is not greatly different although the compound fertilizer is applied (as can be seen by comparing example 4 with example 10).
Rape leaves of the rape planted in examples 11 to 13 and comparative examples 14 to 16 at the full bloom stage were examined, and the content of the sulfan in the leaves is shown in the following table:
(examples 1 to 10 and comparative examples 1 to 13 use the canola provided in example 12)
The rape leaves provided in examples 11 to 13 contain a high concentration of sulfatide, whereas the sulfatide concentrations in comparative examples 14 to 16 are lower, the present application also replaces the rape provided in comparative example 14 in example 1, and finally the conclusion is that:
the total weight of the first batch of sweet potato plants is 3.46kg, the total weight of the second batch of sweet potato plants is 5.67kg, the total weight of the third batch of sweet potato plants is 7.11kg, the total weight of the fourth batch of sweet potato plants is 7.05kg, which is lower than that of the example 1, and the common insect pests occur in the sweet potato plants in each batch, which indicates that the rape with the higher concentration of the thioglycoside content is beneficial to the yield increase and the insect pest control of the sweet potato plants.
Finally, it is noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications and equivalents may be made thereto without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered by the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. The sweet potato planting method is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
cutting the first batch of sweet potato vines in 5 months of the current year, harvesting before 10 months of the current year, and sowing rape;
secondly, deep turning and green pressing rape plants in 3-4 months of the next year, and then cutting the second batch of sweet potato vines in 5-6 months;
third, repeating the first step and the second step after harvesting the sweet potatoes in 10 ten days; wherein,
the sowing time of the rape is 10 months in middle and late ten days; in the second step, 40-60% of rape flowers are cut off before deep turning and green pressing of rape plants, the deep turning and green pressing is carried out after the rape plants are mechanically crushed, and quicklime is broadcast during the deep turning and green pressing to carry out ridge turning treatment; when deep turning green, the soil turning depth is 15-20 cm; after deep turning and green pressing, irrigating clear water to the ridge surface so that the water content of the soil is 40-50%, then cutting sweet potato vines, and applying 0-6 g of compound fertilizer to each sweet potato vine during cutting; covering a mulching film after the sweet potato vine cutting is completed, so that the sweet potato vine is exposed above the mulching film; when the sweet potato vines are inserted, after the single sweet potato vines are bent, the middle section is pressed into a soil layer, and at least 1 section of each of the two ends is exposed above the ridge surface; when the sweet potato vines are inserted, inserting two ends of the single sweet potato vines into soil, and enabling at least 2 joints of the middle section of the single sweet potato vines to be exposed above the ridge surface; wherein, the rape is sowed by broadcasting rape seeds, and the seed quantity for rape sowing per mu is 300-450 g;
the rapeseed seeds are applied with sulfur-containing fertilizer as base fertilizer before sowing, and the dosage of the base fertilizer is 15-20 kg/mu.
2. The sweet potato planting method according to claim 1, wherein the seed soaking operation is performed by adopting borax solution with mass concentration of 1-2% before sowing the seeds of the rapeseeds.
3. The sweet potato planting method of claim 2, wherein the borax solution further comprises 0.02-0.05% zinc sulfate.
4. The sweet potato planting method according to claim 3, wherein the leaf of rape in the full bloom stage contains 2.1-2.8 μmol/gFW of thioglycoside.
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