CN113005790A - 助染剂及其在偶联型分散染料仿麂皮织物染色中的应用 - Google Patents

助染剂及其在偶联型分散染料仿麂皮织物染色中的应用 Download PDF

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CN113005790A
CN113005790A CN202110178729.8A CN202110178729A CN113005790A CN 113005790 A CN113005790 A CN 113005790A CN 202110178729 A CN202110178729 A CN 202110178729A CN 113005790 A CN113005790 A CN 113005790A
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钱红飞
钱蕾
钱国春
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Zhejiang Meisheng New Materials Co ltd
University of Shaoxing
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Abstract

本申请提供一种助染剂及其在偶联型分散染料仿麂皮织物染色中的应用,属于不同染料混合形成的有机染料技术领域。为水性高分子分散剂与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂的复配物,其质量比为5:5~3:7。将本申请应用于织物特别是麂皮绒染色,在常规染色温度和时间内,提高了偶联型分散染料染色的色深值,既获得了较高的色深值又具有较好的色牢度性能。

Description

助染剂及其在偶联型分散染料仿麂皮织物染色中的应用
技术领域
本申请涉及一种助染剂及其在偶联型分散染料仿麂皮织物染色中的应用, 属于不同染料混合形成的有机染料技术领域。
背景技术
超细涤纶聚氨酯基仿麂皮织物染色中,因超细纤维表观面积大、以及染料 与聚氨酯基之间亲和力低等原因,容易造成染深性低、表面吸附量大、色牢度 性能低等问题,成为超细纤维聚氨酯基仿麂皮织物染色的共性问题。
偶联型分散染料通过具有双官能团化合物(二异氰酸酯或二甲酰氯化合物 等)将两个含有一个活性反应基团(羟基或氨基)的分散染料偶联反应在一起, 具有较大的分子量,增加了染料分子与纤维大分子之间的分子间力,从而增加 其亲和力和耐热迁移性,表现出较高的湿牢度和耐升华牢度性能,适用于超细 纤维和含聚氨酯基聚合物的染色。
然而,由超细聚酯纤维制成的基布织物与聚氨酯树脂浸渍复合的仿麂皮织 物,厚度大结构又紧,分子量较大的偶联分散染料在纤维内的渗透扩散困难, 成为影响染色效果的一个关键问题。因此,在常规的染色温度和时间内,偶联 分散染料对仿麂皮织物上染较低,得色较浅,需要进行配套染色技术的研究与 应用,以改善上述染色问题。
发明内容
有鉴于此,本申请首先提供一种助染剂,采用各类助剂,对偶联型分散染 料的超细涤纶聚氨酯基仿麂皮织物染色进行了系统研究,通过染色助剂优选 与复配,获得了一种能较好改善上述现象的助染剂。
具体地,本申请是通过以下方案实现的:
一种助染剂,为水性高分子分散剂(又称水性超分散剂)与脂肪醇聚氧乙 烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂的复配物,其质量比为5:5~3:7,
所述水性高分子分散剂可以是水系超分散剂为聚酯型、聚醚型、聚丙烯酸 酯型、聚烯烃类等类型高分子分散剂,以下为以下一些产品,如美国美国路博 润lubrizol超分散剂Solsperse20000、BASF公司生产的分散剂CP-9及分散剂 CP-72、阿克苏诺贝尔丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚分散剂Alcosperse 747、赢创工业集团 TEGO Dispers 747W、镇江市天龙化工有限公司生产的超分散剂Tile-6405等;
所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂的结构通式如式(1)所示,一般为 其中的一种或两种复合物,脂肪醇包括C8-10醇、C12-14醇、C16-18醇、异辛 醇、月桂醇、异构十醇、异构十三醇等,如:江苏海安石油化工厂生产的渗透 剂AEP、AEO-9P、MOA-9P。
Figure BDA0002941529440000021
同时,本申请还提供了上述助染剂在偶联型分散染料仿麂皮织物染色中的 应用,想染缸中加入水、偶联型分散染料、分散剂和上述助染剂,配制染液, 投入仿麂皮织物进行染色后,还原清洗,脱水烘干,
所述染液处方为:
Figure BDA0002941529440000022
所述还原清洗的清洗液处方:
保险粉 1-2g/L,
烧碱 1-2g/L,
浴比 5-30:1。
助染剂中水性高分子分散剂(水性超分散剂)对纤维和染料均具有较强的 锚固吸附作用,通过它的中间吸附作用,偶联分散染料在纤维表面发生富集, 从而增加了纤维内外偶联分散染料的浓度差,增加了扩散动力,能推动染料向 纤维内部扩散。同时,在渗透剂协同作用下,增加了染液的扩散渗透,带动染 料进入纤维内部,加快染料的上染速率。
所述偶联型分散染料是通过对苯二异氰酸酯或对苯二甲酰氯化合物与两个 含有一个活性羟基或氨基的分散染料经偶联反应而得,满足结构式如下:
Figure BDA0002941529440000041
上述染色工艺中,所述分散剂一般为萘系磺酸甲醛缩合物、木质素磺酸盐 类等,可以为国产的分散剂NNO、分散剂MF、分散剂M-9及M-14产品和美国 Westvaeo公司的Reax系列产品等。
上述染色工艺中,所述pH值采用适量醋酸或硫酸铵来进行调节。
操作工艺流程:在染缸里先按给定浴比加入适量的水,并根据处方用量 (0.5-1.5g/L)加入助染剂,将研磨分散好的偶联分散染料(染料:分散剂MF 的质量比为1:1)按染色工艺处方的浓度用量加入染缸,运行均匀后投入织物, 并按上述工艺逐步升温至130℃,保温30-60min后降温至80℃左右,排水。再 注水,加入适量的保险粉和烧碱后,开始升温至85℃,清洗15-20min后排水, 清洗1-2次后脱水烘干。
综上所述,在助染剂应用的前提下,染料按最优化比例混合,在常规染色 温度和时间内,提高了偶联型分散染料染色的色深值,既获得了较高的色深值 又具有较好的色牢度性能。
附图说明
图1为本申请中的染色工艺曲线图;
图2为助染剂作用机理示意图;
图3为助剂用量对分散橙HF-R仿麂皮绒织物染色色深值的影响。
具体实施方式
以下结合不同染色工艺进行效果举例说明。
实施例1:助剂对染色的影响
加入不同类型助剂,选用分散橙HF-R,对仿麂皮织物进行染色试验,染料 浓度为1%(o.w.f),硫酸铵为1g/L,助剂浓度为1g/L,浴比为30:1,按上述工 艺曲线进行升温染色(保温30min)。染色后进行还原清洗,自然晾干后测染样的 表观色深值,结果见表1所示。
表1助剂对分散橙HF-R仿麂皮织物染色色深值的影响
助剂 K/S值 助剂 K/S值
空白 2.55 OP-10 3.68
Solsperse20000 3.48 渗透剂LAE-9 2.39
木质素 2.07 分散剂NNO 2.22
扩散剂 1.85 XP-70 2.33
AEO-9 3.05 AOS 1.55
SAS 1.53 渗透剂AEP 2.96
从上表1数据分析可知,各类助剂对分散橙HF-R仿麂皮织物的染色影响不 同,阴离子型表面活性剂或分散剂普遍降低了染色色深值,K/S值低于空白不加 助剂时的2.55,如木质素、扩散剂、SAS、分散剂NNO、AOS等。而超分散剂 和非离子型表面活性剂有不同程度的提深性,效果最好的是OP-10,其K/S值为 3.68,其次是Solsperse20000,K/S值为3.48。而AEO-9、渗透剂AEP分别为3.05、 2.96。
实施例2:助剂复配对染色的影响
由于OP-10具有环境激素,已被禁止使用。本发明分别采用了超分散剂Solsperse20000和非离子表面活性剂AE0-9,与渗透剂AEP进行不同配比复合, 观察其协同效应的情况,助剂的总浓度为1g/L,其他染色工艺条件不变,与上相 同,测定其染色织物的表观色深值,其结果见表2所示。
表2助剂复配对分散橙HF-R仿麂皮织物染色色深值的影响
Figure BDA0002941529440000061
从上表2数据分析可知,当Solsperse20000:渗透剂AEP重量配比为2:3时, 其染色样的色深值为最高,K/S值为5.31。AEO-9与渗透剂AEP的复配,其提 深性不及Solsperse20000与渗透剂AEP的复配。因此,最后确定为Solsperse20000 与渗透剂AEP的复配比2:3。
实施例3:助剂用量对染色的影响
采用上述优化的配比,变化其用量,其他染色工艺与上述相同,测定其染 色样的表观色深值,其结果见图3所示。
从图3数据分析可知,助剂用量增加,其K/S值开始呈上升趋势,当助剂 浓度为1g/L时,达到了最大值,用量继续增加,其K/S值呈下降趋势。说明助 剂用量以0.5-1.0g/L为比较好。
实施例4:助剂对各类不同偶联分散染料染色的影响
采用上述优化后的助剂配比与用量,即Solsperse20000与渗透剂AEP的复 配比2:3,总浓度为1g/L,对各类偶联分散染料进行染色试验,染色工艺与上述相 同,并与空白样(不加助剂)进行对比,分别测定染样的表观色深值,其结果 见表4所示。
表4助剂对各类偶联分散染料仿麂皮绒织物染色色深值的影响
偶联分散染料名称 未加助剂染样 加助剂染样
分散橙HF-R 2.49 4.39
分散橙HF-2R 5.99 6.79
分散红HF-B 2.74 4.73
分散红HF-2B 3.26 5.59
分散蓝HF-V 4.44 8.99
分散蓝HF-2V 3.76 4.25
从表4数据可以看出,此复配助剂的加入,对各类偶联分散染料仿麂皮绒 织物的染色均有较为明显提深作用。
实施例5:各类偶联分散染料染样的色牢度性能
对上述各类偶联分散染料染样进行色牢度测试,测试标准分别为:GB/T 3920-2008《纺织品色牢度试验耐摩擦色牢度》、GB/T 3921-2008《纺织品色牢度 试验耐皂洗色牢度》方法C、GB/T 6152-1997《纺织品色牢度试验耐热压色牢度》。 染料浓度为2%(O.w.f),并与常规高温型分散染料(分散红S-4BL)色样的色 牢度性能进行比较,获得结果如下表5所示。
表5各类偶联分散染料色牢度性能
Figure BDA0002941529440000071
Figure BDA0002941529440000081
从上表5数据分析可知,各类偶联分散染料染样的色牢度性能除了其摩 擦牢度和尼龙沾色性能较低以外(3级),其他牢度性能均达到了3级以上, 比常规染料分散红S-4BL的色牢度性能有了较大的改善。

Claims (10)

1.一种助染剂,其特征在于:为水性高分子分散剂与脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂的复配物,其质量比为5:5~3:7,
所述水性高分子分散剂为聚酯型、聚醚型、聚丙烯酸酯型、聚烯烃类类型高分子分散剂中的任一种或多种的组合,
所述脂肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂为
Figure FDA0002941529430000011
中的一种或两种复合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种助染剂,其特征在于:所述水性高分子分散剂为美国美国路博润lubrizol超分散剂Solsperse20000、BASF公司生产的分散剂CP-9及分散剂CP-72、阿克苏诺贝尔丙烯酸苯乙烯共聚分散剂Alcosperse747、赢创工业集团TEGO Dispers 747W、镇江市天龙化工有限公司生产的超分散剂Tile-6405中的任一种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种助染剂,其特征在于:,所述肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂的脂肪醇为C8-10醇、C12-14醇、C16-18醇、异辛醇、月桂醇、异构十醇、异构十三醇中的任一种。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种助染剂,其特征在于:,所述肪醇聚氧乙烯醚磷酸酯型渗透剂为江苏海安石油化工厂生产的渗透剂AEP、AEO-9P、MOA-9P中的任一种。
5.一种助染剂在偶联型分散染料仿麂皮织物染色中的应用,其特征在于:取水、偶联型分散染料、分散剂和权利要求1所述的助染剂,配制染液,投入织物进行染色,染色工艺中的染液处方为:
Figure FDA0002941529430000012
Figure FDA0002941529430000021
6.根据权利要求5所述的一种橙色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于,所述偶联型分散染料结构为如下中的任一种或两种的组合:
Figure FDA0002941529430000022
7.根据权利要求5所述的一种橙色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于:所述分散剂为萘系磺酸甲醛缩合物或木质素磺酸盐类分散剂。
8.根据权利要求7所述的一种橙色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于:所述分散剂为分散剂NNO、分散剂MF、分散剂M-9及M-14产品和美国Westvaeo公司的Reax系列产品任一种。
9.根据权利要求5所述的一种橙色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于,还包括有还原清洗,清洗液处方:
保险粉 1-2g/L,
烧碱 1-2g/L,
浴比 5-30:1。
10.根据权利要求5-9任一项所述的一种橙色偶联型分散染料复配物的应用,其特征在于,应用于染色的工艺路线如下:
(1)在染缸里先按给定浴比加水,并根据处方用量加入助染剂,
(2)将研磨分散好的两种偶联型分散染料并混合后,按处方浓度用量加入染缸,并按照染料:分散剂=1:1投加分散剂,运行均匀后投入织物,
(3)逐步升温至130℃,保温30~60min后,降温至80℃左右,排水,
(4)再注水,按照保险粉1~2g/L、烧碱1~2g/L加入保险粉和烧碱,浴比5~30:1,升温至85℃,清洗15~20min后排水,再清洗一次后,脱水烘干。
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