CN112987546B - 数字显示装置 - Google Patents

数字显示装置 Download PDF

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CN112987546B
CN112987546B CN202011461757.2A CN202011461757A CN112987546B CN 112987546 B CN112987546 B CN 112987546B CN 202011461757 A CN202011461757 A CN 202011461757A CN 112987546 B CN112987546 B CN 112987546B
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display unit
liquid crystal
crystal display
display device
transflective
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CN112987546A (zh
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N·布朗卡特
J·蒂奥
M·萨加多伊布鲁
C·巴龙
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Swatch Group Research and Development SA
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Abstract

本发明涉及一种数字显示装置(1)，其从上到下包括第一红色滤光片(8)、透反射式液晶显示单元(2)、第二红色滤光片(18)和发射式显示单元(6)，该透反射式液晶显示单元(2)借助于至少一个第一七部段式数字显示信息，并且该发射式显示单元(6)包括并置的多个光点，所述多个光点布置成提供由至少一个第二七部段式数字形成的显示。

Description

数字显示装置
技术领域
本发明涉及一种包括叠置的两个显示单元的数字显示装置。更具体地，本发明涉及一种数字显示装置，其包括透反射式液晶显示单元和发射式显示单元的组合。本发明还涉及一种钟表，特别是腕表，其配备有上述类型的数字显示装置。
技术背景
本发明的目的尤其是通过向一些怀旧顾客提供根据当前标准生产但具有在20世纪70年代初期出现在市场上的第一款电子表的视觉外观的电子表来满足这些怀旧顾客对所述第一款电子表的需求。
第一款电子表使用数字显示装置，其部段由发光二极管或LED形成。这些数字显示装置属于发射型，其功耗太高，以至于它们无法一直开着。这就是为什么要按照表佩戴者的要求而通过按下按钮来开启这些表的原因，按下按钮可短暂地显示当前时间、日期、秒数、或甚至是星期几。所用的LED发出红色，因为当时它们是唯一已知的发光二极管。
构成第一款电子表的数字显示装置的部段是细长形的并且在同一硅基板上将若干发光点组合在一起。由于所用的硅表面，这种解决方案是昂贵的，并且如今已经不再市售。此外，由于这些小型LED的包装过大，以至于由这些LED形成的发光点彼此之间不像原始表那样彼此靠近，因此如今使用市售的LED也变得复杂。
因此，市场上对这样的电子表有很高的需求，即该电子表具有与20世纪70年代初期开始销售的第一款电子表相同的外观，但其能借助于当今可用的部件来设计。
发明内容
本发明的目的还在于通过提供一种用于钟表的数字显示装置来满足该需求以及其他需求，该数字显示装置是利用当今可用的技术手段生产的，因此更加可靠和经济，但其具有在20世纪70年代初期出现的第一款电子表所配备的显示装置的视觉外观。
为此，本发明涉及一种数字显示装置，其从上到下包括第一红色滤光片、透反射式/半穿透半反射式/半透反射式(transflective)液晶显示单元、第二红色滤光片和发射式显示单元，该液晶显示单元借助于至少一个第一七部段式数字显示信息，并且该发射式显示单元包括多个并置的光点，这些发光点布置成显示至少一个第二七部段式数字。
根据本发明的特定实施例：
-透反射式液晶显示单元是扭曲向列型液晶显示单元，扭曲向列型液晶显示单元也称为扭曲向列型液晶显示装置或TN单元，该扭曲向列型液晶显示单元与布置在扭曲向列型液晶显示单元上方的线偏光片和布置在该扭曲向列型液晶显示单元下方的透反射式偏光片相关联；
-该发射式显示单元是发出红光的有机发光二极管式显示单元；
-数字显示装置按从上到下的顺序包括：
·第一红色滤光片；
·线偏光片；
·扭曲向列型液晶显示单元；
·透反射式偏光片；
·第二红色滤光片；
·有机发光二极管式显示单元；
-数字显示装置按从上到下的顺序包括：
·线偏光片；
·第一红色滤光片；
·扭曲向列型液晶显示单元；
·透反射式偏光片；
·第二红色滤光片；
·有机发光二极管式显示单元；
-放置在发射式显示单元下方的光传感器测量环境照明的强度，该环境照明的强度的测量结果被用于根据环境照明条件来调节发射式显示单元的亮度。
归功于这些特征，本发明提供了一种数字显示装置，该数字显示装置允许利用当今可用的手段来再现在20世纪70年代初期出现的第一款数字显示装置的外观。这些第一款数字显示器的特别之处在于其红色(这是因为当时只有这种颜色的发光二极管可用)，并且所显示字符的形状以七部段式数字的形状呈现。通过提出这样的数字显示装置，本发明特别地不仅是为了满足第一款电子表的怀旧表爱好者(这些人在二手市场上再也找不到处于工作状态的原始表)的需求和为了向这些表爱好者提供外观与旧钟表相同但其因使用了当今的部件而可靠的多的新钟表，而且还为了通过提供永久显示信息的数字显示装置来改善用户体验。
为了实现该目的，本发明教导了将透反射式液晶显示单元与发射式显示单元组合，该透反射式液晶显示单元允许在腕表的佩戴者具有由太阳或通过人工照明装置提供的良好环境照明时以良好条件读取其显示的信息，该发射式显示单元将在腕表的佩戴者处于昏暗或黑暗中时显示可读信息。为了使根据本发明的数字显示装置与市售的第一款数字显示装置具有更多相似性，由透反射式液晶显示单元显示的字符由七部段式数字形成。类似地，由发射式显示单元提供的发光点被布置为形成七部段式数字。最后，在透反射式液晶显示单元上方设置有第一红色滤光片，以使透反射式液晶显示单元显示的字符具有市售的第一款数字显示装置的红色特征。对于发射式显示单元，其设计使其发光点发出红色光，并且还可进一步与第二红色滤光片组合以将其发出的红色光的外观精确地调整为所需的红色。
归功于这些布置而获得了由透反射式液晶显示单元和发射式显示单元形成的数字显示装置，透反射式液晶显示单元和发射式显示单元两者均能以可见光谱的红色部分显示信息。当表的佩戴者处于良好的环境照明条件下(自然光或人造光)时，他可读取由透反射式液晶显示单元提供给他的信息。相反地，当表的佩戴者处于昏暗或黑暗中时，他只需要致动按钮来控制透反射式液晶显示单元的关闭和发射式显示单元的开启。因此，即使在弱光或不发光的条件下，表的佩戴者也将能够在最佳条件下读取由根据本发明的数字显示装置显示的信息。
通过阅读前述内容，将理解，根据本发明的数字显示装置除了比20世纪70年代初期出现在市场上的第一款数字显示装置更可靠并且具有更有利的成本价格这一事实之外，根据本发明的数字显示装置还具有比其遥远的原始款更具能量效率。
实际上，在第一款数字显示装置的情况下，该第一款数字显示装置仅具有两个不同的状态：第一关闭状态和第二打开状态，该第一款数字显示装置大部分时间处于该第一关闭状态下并且在该第一关闭状态下它们不提供任何信息，其中，在表的佩戴者按下按钮后，该第一款数字显示装置进入第二打开状态并短暂地显示信息。相反，在根据本发明的数字显示装置的情况下，透反射式液晶显示单元永久地显示信息，而不会损害该数字显示装置的自主性。
由于这样的透反射式液晶显示单元的耗电量非常低，因此其不会对安装有其的腕表的电能储备产生负面影响。因此，默认地，腕表的佩戴者不断地具有由透反射式液晶显示单元显示的信息。如果佩戴者处于允许的环境照明条件下，则佩戴者可以阅读此信息。相反，如果腕表的佩戴者在昏暗或黑暗中，他将激活发射式显示单元，这也将允许他在这种情况下以良好的条件读取由根据本发明的数字显示装置显示的信息。因此，投放市场的第一款数字显示装置只能在其中它们不工作/不显示信息的状态与其中它们以非常短暂的方式显示信息的状态之间进行切换，而根据本发明的数字显示装置却能在其中它借助于其透反射式液晶显示单元不断地显示信息的默认状态与其中通过发射式显示单元显示信息的状态之间进行切换。因此，归功于这些特征，根据本发明的数字显示装置能够永久地向表的佩戴者提供期望的信息，而不仅仅是在表的佩戴者按下按钮之后短暂地向表的佩戴者提供期望的信息。此外，无论信息是通过透反射式液晶显示单元显示还是通过发射式显示单元显示，所述信息均具有相同的红色并且以由七个部段形成的数字的方式排列/布置。
最后，根据本发明的另一特定实施例，数字显示装置配备有光传感器，该光传感器优选地布置在发射式显示单元下方，该光传感器具有测量环境照明强度的功能，然后其测量结果可被用于根据环境照明条件调整发射式显示单元的亮度。因此，当环境照明的强度低时，由发射式显示单元提供的显示的强度将被故意保持为低，以免在佩戴者按下按钮以查看其表时使表的佩戴者感觉刺眼，并且，相反地，当由光传感器获得的测量结果指示高的环境照明水平时，将增加由发射式显示单元提供的光的强度，以确保由该发射式显示单元显示的信息的可读性。
归功于这些特征，本发明提供了一种数字显示装置，该数字显示装置允许利用当今可用的手段来再现20世纪70年代初期出现的第一款数字显示装置的外观。与它们的前代相比，根据本发明的显示装置更可靠并且其电耗更低，同时它们能够永久地显示信息，而现有技术的数字显示装置仅根据表的佩戴者的需求而短暂地显示信息。
附图说明
通过根据本发明的数字显示装置的示例的以下详细描述，本发明的其他特征和优点将变得更加清楚，该示例仅与所附的附图一起以纯粹说明性和非限制性的方式给出：
-图1是根据本发明的数字显示装置的截面示意图，其包括设置在发射式显示单元上方的透反射式液晶显示单元，其中第一红色滤光片设置在透反射式液晶显示单元上方，第二红色滤光片设置在透反射式液晶显示单元和发射式显示单元之间；
-图2是示意图，其示出了透反射式液晶显示单元的呈七部段式数字的形状的信息显示部段的配置；以及
-图3是示意图，其示出了呈由发射式显示单元所提供的光发射点构成的七部段式数字的形状的配置。
具体实施方式
本发明从总的发明思想出发，该总的发明思想在于提供一种数字显示装置，其利用当前可用的技术手段来允许再现20世纪70年代初期在日本出现的第一款数字显示装置的外观和操作模式。包括设置在发射式显示单元上方的透反射式液晶显示单元的这种数字显示装置比第一款数字显示装置更可靠并且更经济，并且还允许永久显示有用的信息，同时在功耗方面获得了明显的改善。本发明还涉及一种配备有该数字显示装置的钟表，特别是腕表。
图1是根据本发明的数字显示装置的截面示意图。总体以附图标记1表示的该数字显示装置包括相对于观察者4设置在发射式显示单元6上方的透反射式液晶显示单元2。
数字显示装置1由第一红色滤光片8结束，第一红色滤光片8在环境光经由其进入到数字显示装置1中的一侧上布置在透反射式液晶显示单元2的上方，该第一红色滤光片8允许使由该透反射式液晶显示单元2显示的信息呈现红色，该红色类似于由20世纪70年代初期出现在市场上的第一款数字显示装置所提供的信息中所显示的红色。
作为优选但非限制性的例子，透反射式液晶显示单元2是扭曲向列或TN单元类型。为了使其正常工作，这种扭曲向列型液晶显示单元通常需要线偏光片10和透反射式偏光片12。线偏光片10布置在TN液晶显示单元的上方，也就是说，布置在环境光经由其进入到TN液晶显示单元中的一侧上，而透反射式偏光片12设置在该TN液晶显示单元的下方。正如在阅读下面的内容后将更好地理解的那样，TN液晶显示单元借助于成形为部段14的电极显示信息，这些部段被布置成形成七部段式数字。
关于发射式显示单元6，优选地但以非限制性方式，该发射式显示单元是有机发光二极管式显示单元，这些二极管也被称为OLED。为了显示信息，这种OLED显示单元提供了多个并置的光点16。
数字显示装置1还包括设置在透反射式偏光片12和OLED显示单元之间的第二红色滤光片18。加入该第二红色滤光片18具有双重优势：首先，如果需要，它允许校正OLED显示单元提供的光的发射光谱，以获得所需的颜色，在这种情况下为红色；然后，它允许根据本发明的数字显示装置1显示的信息在黑色背板上清晰地显示，同时避免了诉诸包括圆偏光片或其他光学部件的复杂、昂贵且笨重/大体积的解决方案。
在图1所示的示例中，第一红色滤光片8和线偏光片10按此顺序设置在透反射式液晶显示单元2的上方。然而，应注意，根据本发明的特定实施例，该顺序可以倒过来，第一红色滤光片8可设置在线偏光片10和透反射式液晶显示单元2之间。该第一红色滤光片8也可设置在透反射式液晶显示单元2和透反射式偏光片12之间。第一红色滤光片8允许使由透反射式液晶显示单元2显示的信息呈红色。该第一红色滤光片8可借助于大量着色为红色的膜或借助于透明膜来制造，该透明膜在其两个面中的至少一个面上涂覆有红色墨层。该第一红色滤光片8可进一步由红色偏光片形成。
TN液晶显示单元的操作所必需的线偏光片10还确定由该TN液晶显示单元提供的信息所显示的负对比/反差(在深色/暗色背板上清晰)或正对比/反差(在浅色/亮色背板上模糊)。在当前情况下，线偏光片10被定向成使得TN液晶显示单元是负对比型，并且其显示的信息在黑色背板上以红色显示。
TN液晶显示单元特别地包括两个基板，所述两个基板彼此平行并且彼此间隔开，并且通过密封框架结合在一起，以便界定用于约束扭曲向列型液晶的密封外壳。这些基板很薄，通常约为零点几毫米，以限制视差现象，这允许改善TN液晶显示单元的反射率和由TN液晶显示单元显示的信息的可读性。
当透反射式液晶显示单元2被激活并显示信息时，布置在透反射式液晶显示单元2下方的透反射式偏光片12使从上方穿透到数字显示装置1中的环境光返回，并且允许观察者4读取这些信息。当透反射式液晶显示单元2处于被动状态时，其不显示信息并且使由发射式显示单元6产生的光通过。这时，透反射式液晶显示单元2是透明的。
在电极和相应的相反电极(在图中不可见)之间施加电场允许TN液晶显示单元显示信息。这些电极构成多个部段14，这些部段布置成使得能形成第一七部段式数字20。与第一红色滤光片8结合，这些七部段式数字20允许相同地再现由在20世纪70年代初期出现的第一款数字显示装置所显示的信息的外观。然而，在本发明的上下文中使用的TN液晶显示单元要优于在第一款数字表中使用的带红色发光二极管的数字显示装置：实际上，本发明的TN液晶显示单元消耗非常少的电流并且因此可保持永久激活，而这些第一款数字LED显示装置会消耗大量电力并且因此仅在表的佩戴者想查看时间时才准时地被激活。
关于OLED显示单元，该显示单元提供(参见图3)多个光点16，这些光点并置以形成第二七部段式数字22，每个部段均由例如五个光点16形成。根据本发明，透反射式液晶显示单元2永久地提供信息。然而，当环境照明条件不足以使表的佩戴者读取由透反射式液晶显示单元2提供的信息时，表的佩戴者可按下按钮，按下按钮导致透反射式液晶显示单元2停止并导致发射式显示单元6的瞬时开启。在其中发射式显示单元6开启并且表的佩戴者可读取由该发射式显示单元6显示的信息的期间之后，再次关闭该发射式显示单元并且再次激活透反射式液晶显示单元2。应当注意，归功于用于制造OLED显示单元的技术，能够以极其精确和均匀的方式产生光点。实际上，简而言之，OLED显示单元包括一系列有机薄膜，该一系列有机薄膜夹在两个导电薄膜电极(阳极和阴极)之间。当将电流施加到OLED显示单元时，会产生电场，在此效应下，载流子、电子和空穴从电极在有机薄膜中迁移，直至它们通过形成激子复合为止，激子即为通过库仑力链接/结合的电子-空穴对。一旦形成，这些激子或激发态就会通过发射光子而松弛到较低的能级。通过在阳极和阴极之间选择性地沉积透明且电绝缘的钝化层，可以非常精细地构造OLED显示单元经由其发光的表面。
根据本发明的优选但非限制性实施例，数字显示装置1配备有光传感器24，以便根据环境照明的条件来调节OLED显示单元的强度。更具体地，提供了当环境照明低时进一步降低由OLED显示单元产生的光的强度的措施。这对于想要在夜间查看该表并且不愿因OLED显示单元产生的太强的光强度而刺眼的用户特别有利。为此，将光传感器24放置在发射式显示单元6的下方，换句话说，将其放置在OLED显示单元的下方，并在后者的阴极28中形成孔26，以使从上方透到根据本发明的数字显示装置1中的环境光能到达光传感器24。实际上，阴极28是金属的，它是完全不透明的。
最后，从电子角度来看，两个显示单元2和6中的每个均具有各自的驱动器。微控制器根据按下或不按下表的按钮以激活发射式显示单元的用户的选择以及代表由光传感器发送的环境照明度的信号来彼此独立地管理两个驱动器。
当然，本发明不限于刚刚描述的实施例，并且本领域技术人员可以考虑各种修改和简单变化，而不脱离由所附权利要求书限定的本发明的范围。特别地，应当理解，根据本发明的本数字显示装置1旨在安装在钟表，特别是腕表中。还应注意，在本说明书中，当提到第一部件(例如第一红色滤光片)布置在第二部件(例如透反射式液晶显示单元)上方时，这仅指这样的顺序，即其中所述第一部件和第二部件从构成根据本发明的数字显示装置的部件的叠层的顶部到底部彼此跟随的顺序，但绝不意味着在该叠层中该第二部件紧挨着该第一部件；很可能的是，在第一和第二部件之间设置有一个或多个附加部件。还将理解，激活的透反射式液晶显示单元是指在该透反射式液晶显示单元的电极和相反电极之间施加了电场，这使得该透反射式液晶显示单元能够显示信息。相反，当说透反射式液晶显示单元处于被动或不活动状态时，这意味着在该透反射式液晶显示单元的电极和相反电极之间没有施加电场并且因此它不显示任何信息。最后，应注意，透反射式偏光片是指当液晶单元被激活并显示信息时以透反射方式工作的偏光片，并且当该OLED显示单元被激活时，该透反射式偏光片能透过由OLED显示单元发出的光。因此，该透反射式偏光片还向液晶显示单元赋予了透反射行为：当该液晶显示单元被激活并且显示信息时，它相对于透入数字显示装置中的环境光以透反射的方式工作，并且当液晶显示单元不被激活时，即当它不显示信息时，它不能透过由被激活的OLED显示单元产生的光。
附图标记列表
1.数字显示装置
2.透反射式液晶显示单元
4.观察者
6.发射式显示单元
8.第一红色滤光片
10.线偏光片
12.透反射式偏光片
14.部段
16.光点
18.第二红色滤光片
20.第一七部段式数字
22.第二七部段式数字
24.光传感器
26.孔
28.阴极

Claims (5)

1.一种数字显示装置，其从上到下包括第一红色滤光片(8)、线偏光片(10)、透反射式液晶显示单元(2)、第二红色滤光片(18)和发射式显示单元(6)，所述发射式显示单元(6)是发出红光的有机发光二极管式显示单元，该透反射式液晶显示单元(2)借助于至少一个第一七部段式数字(20)显示信息，该有机发光二极管式显示单元包括并置的多个光点(16)，所述多个光点布置成显示至少一个第二七部段式数字(22)，所述线偏光片(10)被定向成使得透反射式液晶显示单元(2)是负对比型的，并且其显示的信息在黑色背板上以红色显示。
2.根据权利要求1所述的数字显示装置，其特征在于，所述透反射式液晶显示单元(2)是扭曲向列型液晶显示单元，该扭曲向列型液晶显示单元也称为扭曲向列型液晶显示装置或TN单元，该扭曲向列型液晶显示单元与布置在该扭曲向列型液晶显示单元上方的线偏光片(10)和布置在该扭曲向列型液晶显示单元下方的透反射式偏光片(12)相关联。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的数字显示装置，其特征在于，所述数字显示装置从上到下依次包括：
·第一红色滤光片(8)；
·线偏光片(10)；
·扭曲向列型液晶显示单元；
·透反射式偏光片(12)；
·所述第二红色滤光片(18)；
·所述有机发光二极管式显示单元。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的数字显示装置，其特征在于，所述数字显示装置从上到下依次包括：
·线偏光片(10)；
·所述第一红色滤光片(8)；
·扭曲向列型液晶显示单元；
·透反射式偏光片(12)；
·所述第二红色滤光片(18)；
·所述有机发光二极管式显示单元。
5.根据权利要求1或2所述的数字显示装置，其特征在于，所述数字显示装置包括放置在所述发射式显示单元(6)下方的光传感器(24)，所述光传感器测量环境光的强度，该环境光的强度的测量结果被用于根据环境照明条件来调节所述发射式显示单元(6)的亮度。
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