CN112984837B - Foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device and working method thereof - Google Patents
Foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device and working method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN112984837B CN112984837B CN202110249039.7A CN202110249039A CN112984837B CN 112984837 B CN112984837 B CN 112984837B CN 202110249039 A CN202110249039 A CN 202110249039A CN 112984837 B CN112984837 B CN 112984837B
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- energy conversion
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/20—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors for tracking
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/20—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for linear movement
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S30/00—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules
- F24S30/40—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement
- F24S30/42—Arrangements for moving or orienting solar heat collector modules for rotary movement with only one rotation axis
- F24S30/425—Horizontal axis
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S50/00—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors
- F24S50/60—Arrangements for controlling solar heat collectors responsive to wind
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/40—Solar thermal energy, e.g. solar towers
- Y02E10/47—Mountings or tracking
Abstract
The invention discloses a foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device and a working method thereof. The solar energy conversion device comprises a base, a driving motor, a peripheral turntable, a central rotating shaft, a reciprocating screw rod, a folding and unfolding component and a solar energy conversion plate group. The turnover disc is arranged on the base and forms a unidirectional rotating pair with the base; the central rotating shaft and the turnover disc form a unidirectional rotating pair; the direction in which the epicyclical disk is allowed to rotate relative to the base is opposite to the direction in which the epicyclical disk is allowed to rotate relative to the central rotating shaft; the folding and unfolding component comprises an inclined bracket, a reciprocating screw rod, a sliding block nut, a connecting rod, a framework rocker, a central connecting seat and a transmission component. The invention only uses one motor as a power source, and does not need to use power switching devices such as a clutch and the like, thereby realizing the light following of the solar azimuth angle and the folding of the solar energy conversion plate; when improving solar thermal energy collection efficiency, can also accomplish when meetting bad weather to reducing the harm.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar heat collection, and particularly relates to a foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device and a working method thereof.
Background
Solar energy is an ideal clean energy source and can be converted into heat energy or electric energy; in order to collect as much solar energy as possible, a solar energy conversion device needs to be designed with a larger solar panel; therefore, when the solar energy conversion device encounters severe weather such as strong wind, heavy rain, hail and the like, the solar energy conversion device is easy to damage due to the fact that the area of the solar energy conversion device which is impacted by wind or rain and hail is large; in this case, the light receiving panel of the solar energy conversion device may be folded when severe weather occurs to reduce damage to the panel.
Furthermore, the azimuth angle at which the sun is located varies continuously throughout the day. If the position of the solar energy conversion device is fixed, the solar radiation received by the solar energy conversion device is limited, so that the heat collection efficiency and the power of the solar energy conversion device are less. Therefore, the solar energy conversion device is required to have a light following function, and the azimuth angle of the solar energy conversion device can be adjusted according to the difference of the azimuth angle of the sun in the sky, so that the effective area of the solar energy conversion device receiving the sunlight irradiation is maximized, and the heat collection efficiency of the solar energy conversion device is also maximized all the time.
The existing folding solar energy conversion device needs multiple motors to work cooperatively, is complex in equipment, not convenient enough and does not have the function of light following; therefore, it is important to design a solar energy conversion device capable of realizing light following and folding and unfolding only by using a single motor for driving.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device and a working method thereof.
The invention relates to a foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device which comprises a base, a driving motor, a peripheral turntable, a central rotating shaft, a reciprocating screw rod, a folding and unfolding assembly and a solar energy conversion plate group. The turnover disc is arranged on the base and forms a unidirectional rotating revolute pair with the base through a unidirectional locking mechanism; a unidirectional rotating pair is formed between the central rotating shaft and the revolving disc through a unidirectional locking mechanism; the direction in which the epicyclical disk is allowed to rotate relative to the base is opposite to the direction in which the central rotating shaft is allowed to rotate relative to the epicyclical disk; under the structure, the central rotating shaft drives the turnover disc to rotate together when rotating forwards and independently rotates when rotating backwards, and the turnover disc keeps locked; the central rotating shaft is driven to rotate by a driving motor.
The folding and unfolding component comprises an inclined bracket, a reciprocating screw rod, a slider nut, a connecting rod, a framework rocker, a central connecting seat and a transmission component; the inclined bracket is fixed on the circumference rotating disc. The reciprocating screw rod arranged obliquely is supported on the oblique bracket. The reciprocating screw rod is connected with the central rotating shaft through a transmission assembly. The slide block nut and the inclined bracket form a sliding pair. The slide block nut and the reciprocating screw rod form a screw pair. The outer end of the inclined bracket is fixed with a central connecting seat. n skeleton rockers are evenly distributed along the circumference of the central connecting seat, the inner ends of the n skeleton rockers are hinged with the central connecting seat, and n is more than or equal to 2. The greater the number of n, the better the folding effect. The solar conversion panel group comprises 2n solar conversion panels. All the solar energy conversion plates are sequentially connected end to form a ring shape. The adjacent side edges of the two connected solar energy conversion plates are hinged through hinges. The n nonadjacent hinges are first hinges; the other n hinges are second hinges; the n first hinges are connected with the n skeleton rockers respectively; one end of each of the n connecting rods is hinged with a sliding block nut. The other ends of the n connecting rods are respectively hinged with the n second hinges.
Preferably, the solar energy conversion plate adopts a solar power generation plate or a solar heat collector.
Preferably, the direction of the relative rotation allowed between the revolving disc and the base is determined according to the azimuth angle change of the sun relative to the base in the day, so that the direction of the relative rotation allowed by the revolving disc relative to the base is consistent with the direction of the azimuth angle change of the sun in the day.
Preferably, a transfer water tank is fixed on the central connecting seat. The transfer water tank is internally provided with a cold water dispersion flow channel and a hot water collection flow channel which are mutually independent; the cold water dispersion flow channel is provided with a cold water inlet and 2n cold water outlets which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the transit water tank. The hot water collecting flow channel is provided with 2n hot water inlets and a hot water outlet which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the transit water tank. 2n cold water outlets of the cold water dispersion flow channel are respectively connected to water inlet connecting pipes of 2n solar energy conversion plates through hoses. 2n hot water inlets of the hot water collecting flow channel are respectively connected to water outlet connecting pipes of the 2n solar energy conversion plates through hoses.
Preferably, the light tracking detection module comprises a substrate, a light shielding plate and two light intensity sensors. The base plate is fixed on the top of the inclined bracket or one of the solar energy conversion plates. The base plate is parallel to the front surface of the solar energy conversion plate group in the unfolded state. The shading plate is vertically fixed on the base plate. The two light intensity sensors are both arranged on the substrate and are respectively positioned on two sides of the shading plate. The shading plate is parallel to the axis of the turnover disc and the axis of the reciprocating screw rod.
Preferably, the one-way locking mechanism between the turntable and the base adopts a first ratchet and pawl mechanism; the first ratchet-pawl mechanism comprises a first pawl, a reset plate spring and a first ratchet; the first ratchet wheel is an end face ratchet wheel; the first pawls are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the circumferential turntable; the inner end of each first pawl is hinged with the base, and the outer end of each first pawl props against the ratchet ring on the first ratchet wheel; the lower side of each first pawl is provided with a reset plate spring which is in a sheet arc shape and provides elasticity for the first pawls to abut against the first ratchet wheel ratchet ring.
Preferably, the one-way locking mechanism between the central rotating shaft and the revolving disc adopts a second ratchet and pawl mechanism; the second ratchet wheel and pawl mechanism comprises a shaft sleeve, a second ratchet wheel, a second pawl and a spring; the shaft sleeve is fixed with the central rotating shaft; the second ratchet wheel is fixed in the central hole of the peripheral turntable; the second ratchet wheel adopts an inner ratchet wheel; the plurality of second pawls are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer side surface of the shaft sleeve; the inner end of each second pawl is hinged with the shaft sleeve, and the outer end of each second pawl is propped against the ratchet ring at the inner side of the second ratchet wheel; and a spring is arranged between each second pawl and the shaft sleeve.
Preferably, the axis of the reciprocating screw rod and the axis of the central rotating shaft form an included angle of 30-60 degrees; the transmission assembly adopts a universal joint coupler. A sliding pin is hinged in a central hole of the sliding block nut; the sliding pin extends into the bidirectional spiral groove of the reciprocating screw rod;
preferably, each solar energy conversion plate is in a fan shape with a central angle of 360 degrees/2 n; the hinge comprises a pin shaft and two plywood. The two plywood and the back surfaces of the two corresponding solar energy conversion plates are respectively fixed. The pin roll passes the hinge hole on two plywood for two plywood are articulated together. The round pin axle in n first hinge is by the outer end direct replacement of n skeleton rockers, or fixes respectively in the outer end of n skeleton rockers.
The working method of the foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device comprises the following specific steps:
the solar energy conversion plate group collects heat energy under the irradiation of sunlight. The two light intensity sensors periodically detect light intensity; calculating the difference value of the two obtained light intensities after each detection; if the obtained difference value is larger than or equal to the threshold value, the driving motor rotates forwards, so that the central rotating shaft drives the peripheral rotating disc to rotate, and the driving motor stops rotating until the difference value of the light intensity detected by the two light intensity sensors is smaller than the threshold value; at this time, the solar energy conversion plate group faces the sun.
When the solar energy conversion plate group needs to be protected, the driving motor rotates reversely, the central rotating shaft drives the reciprocating screw rod to rotate, so that the sliding block nut slides inwards, and the solar energy conversion plate group is folded along with the sliding block nut; when the solar energy conversion plate group is folded to the minimum, the driving motor stops rotating.
When the solar energy conversion plate group needs to be unfolded again, the driving motor rotates reversely, the central rotating shaft drives the reciprocating screw rod to rotate, so that the sliding block nut begins to slide outwards, and the solar energy conversion plate group is unfolded along with the sliding block nut; when the solar energy conversion plate group is unfolded to the maximum, the driving motor stops rotating.
Preferably, the base is provided with an air speed sensor; when the wind speed exceeds a preset limit wind speed, the controller controls the driving motor to rotate reversely to a state that the collecting plate group is folded; when the wind speed is lower than the preset limit wind speed, the controller controls the driving motor to continuously rotate reversely to the state that the collecting plate group is unfolded.
The invention has the beneficial effects.
1. The invention only uses one motor as a power source, and does not need to use power switching devices such as a clutch and the like, thereby realizing the light following of the solar azimuth angle and the folding of the solar energy conversion device; when improving solar energy conversion efficiency, can also accomplish when meetting bad weather such as strong wind, torrential rain, hail, fold solar energy conversion board group to reduce solar energy conversion board group's lifting surface area, and make solar energy conversion device's focus reduce, thereby reduce the damage of bad weather to solar energy conversion device.
2. The invention utilizes the mutual cooperation of the two sets of one-way locking mechanisms, so that the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the motor can achieve different driving effects, and the purposes of light tracing and folding of two independent functional modules under the driving of a single motor can be realized.
3. The reset plate spring can support the pawl of the end face ratchet wheel, so that the pawl is tightly attached to the hook groove of the end face ratchet wheel; the return plate spring can also indirectly support the turnover disc through the support pawl, so that the turnover disc is more stable, and the turnover disc is more stable during working.
4. The folding mechanism is driven to fold and unfold by the reciprocating screw rod, so that the solar energy conversion device can be circularly folded and unfolded by the unidirectional continuous rotation of the reciprocating screw rod, and the light tracing and folding and unfolding are respectively driven by the forward rotation and the reverse rotation of the motor.
5. The solar energy conversion plate group can be folded, so that the solar energy conversion plate group can be transported to a target position after being assembled in a factory, the on-site assembly cost is reduced, and the subsequent transfer of a working position is facilitated.
6. In the invention, the turnover disc is rigidly locked by the first ratchet-pawl mechanism in one turning direction, and is blocked by the reset plate spring in the first ratchet-pawl mechanism and the spring in the second ratchet-pawl mechanism in the other turning direction, so that the turnover disc can be kept stable when not driven by the central rotating shaft, and the turnover disc can be prevented from rotating automatically under the interference of the external environment.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a first schematic view of a solar conversion panel assembly of the present invention in an unfolded state.
Fig. 2 is a second schematic view of the solar conversion panel assembly of the present invention in an unfolded state.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a solar panel assembly of the present invention in a folded state.
Fig. 4 is a cross-sectional view 1/4 of a solar panel assembly of the present invention in an expanded state.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view 1/4 of the solar panel assembly of the present invention in a folded state.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view showing the connection between the reciprocating screw and the slider nut according to the present invention (i.e., a partially enlarged view of portion B in fig. 5).
Fig. 7 is a schematic view (i.e., view a in fig. 4) of a second ratchet-pawl mechanism of the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the light-following detection module according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, 2 and 3, the foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device comprises a base 1, a driving motor 9, an epicyclic disc 2, a central rotating shaft 8, a first ratchet-pawl mechanism 3, a second ratchet-pawl mechanism 5, a reciprocating screw rod 7-2, a folding and unfolding component 7, a solar energy conversion plate group 4, a light following detection module 10, a transit water tank 11 and a controller. The drive motor 9 is connected to the controller by a motor driver. The turnover table 2 is arranged above the base 1 and forms a revolute pair with the base 1 through a thrust bearing 2-1, wherein the revolute pair is vertically arranged on a common axis. A first ratchet-pawl mechanism 3 is arranged between the week rotary table 2 and the base 1, so that the week rotary table 2 and the base 1 can only rotate along one direction. The vertically arranged central rotating shaft 8 and the base 1 form a rotating pair through a bearing; the central shaft 8 is arranged coaxially with the epicyclic 2. The central rotating shaft 8 is connected with the turnover disc 2 through a second ratchet-pawl mechanism 5, so that the central rotating shaft 8 and the turnover disc 2 can only rotate along a single direction. The direction of rotation of the revolution plate 2 relative to the base 1 is opposite to the direction of rotation of the central rotation shaft 8 relative to the revolution plate 2. The driving motor 9 is fixed at the bottom of the base 1, and a main shaft of the driving motor 9 is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the central rotating shaft 8, so that the central rotating shaft 8 can be driven to rotate.
When the central rotating shaft 8 rotates in one of the directions in which the central rotating shaft 8 can rotate relative to the epicyclic disc, the epicyclic disc is locked relative to the base, so that the central rotating shaft 8 rotates alone; when the central rotary shaft 8 is rotated in the other direction, in which direction the central rotary shaft 8 is locked relative to the epicyclic discs, the epicyclic discs can be rotated relative to the base, so that the central rotary shaft 8 and the epicyclic discs rotate in synchronism.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 6, the folding and unfolding component 7 comprises an inclined bracket 7-1, a reciprocating screw rod 7-2, a slider nut 7-3, a connecting rod 7-4, a framework rocker 7-5, a central connecting seat 7-6 and a transmission component 7-7; the inclined bracket 7-1 is fixed on the circumference turntable. The reciprocating screw rod 7-2 arranged in an inclined way is supported on the inclined bracket 7-1 through a bearing. The axis of the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 and the axis of the central rotating shaft 8 form an included angle of 45 degrees; the bottom end of the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 is connected with the top end of the central rotating shaft 8 through a transmission assembly 7-7, so that the rotation of the central rotating shaft 8 relative to the rotating disc can be transmitted to the reciprocating screw rod 7-2. The transmission assembly 7-7 adopts a universal joint coupler. A plurality of sliding grooves are formed in the outer side of the sliding block nut 7-3; the sliding groove on the outer side of the sliding block nut 7-3 is respectively connected with a plurality of sliding rails on the inclined bracket 7-1 in a sliding manner. The sliding direction of the slider nut 7-3 is parallel to the axis of the reciprocating screw rod 7-2. A sliding pin 7-8 is hinged in a central hole of the sliding block nut 7-3; the sliding pin 7-8 extends into the bidirectional spiral groove 7-9 of the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 and can slide along the bidirectional spiral groove 7-9, so that the sliding block nut 7-3 is driven to slide up and down along the reciprocating screw rod 7-2; the spiral groove on the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 is a bidirectional spiral groove; therefore, the slider nut 7-3 can be driven to continuously slide forwards and backwards in a reciprocating manner through the unidirectional continuous rotation of the reciprocating screw rod 7-2. The outer end of the inclined bracket 7-1 is fixed with a central connecting seat 7-6. Four skeleton rockers 7-5 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the central connecting seat 7-6, and the inner ends of the four skeleton rockers are hinged with the central connecting seat 7-6 (the axis of a hinged shaft is vertical to the axis of the reciprocating screw rod 7-2).
The solar energy conversion panel group 4 comprises eight solar energy conversion panels. The solar energy conversion plates adopt plate-shaped or box-shaped solar energy collectors which convert solar energy into heat energy and utilize heat exchange media to convey the heat energy outwards; each solar energy conversion plate is in a fan shape with a central angle of 45 degrees; all the solar energy conversion plates are sequentially connected end to form a ring shape to form the disc-shaped solar energy heat collecting plate. The adjacent side edges of the two connected solar energy conversion plates are hinged through hinges. The hinge includes round pin axle and two plywood. The two plywood and the back surfaces of the two corresponding solar energy conversion plates are respectively fixed. The round pin axle passes two plywood for two plywood are articulated together. The pin shafts in the four non-adjacent hinges are directly replaced by the outer ends of the four framework rocking bars 7-5, or are respectively fixed at the outer ends of the four framework rocking bars 7-5.
Four hinges connected with the framework rocker 7-5 are first hinges; the other four hinges are second hinges; one end of each of the four connecting rods 7-4 is hinged with four uniform positions on the outer circumference of the sliding block nut 7-3. The other ends of the four connecting rods 7-4 are respectively hinged with the inner ends of the pin shafts in the four second hinges. Therefore, the sliding of the sliding block nut 7-3 along the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 can drive the four second hinges to synchronously swing up and down. When the sliding block nut 7-3 is located at a first limit position (upper limit position), the pin shafts in the second hinges are perpendicular to the axis of the reciprocating screw rod 7-2, and the solar energy conversion plate group 4 is in an unfolded state at the position; when the sliding block nut 7-3 is in the second limit position (lower limit position), the pin shafts in the second hinges and the axis of the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 form an included angle of 45 degrees, and the solar energy conversion plate group 4 is in a folding state at the position. When the four second hinges synchronously swing downwards, the eight fan-shaped solar energy conversion plates are folded inwards, so that the solar energy conversion plate group 4 is folded. And vice versa. When the second hinges synchronously swing upwards to be perpendicular to the axis of the reciprocating screw rod 7-2, the eight fan-shaped solar energy conversion plates are turned outwards, and the solar energy conversion plate group 4 is unfolded.
When severe weather such as strong wind, rainstorm, hail and the like occurs, the controller controls the main shaft of the driving motor to rotate anticlockwise to drive the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 to rotate anticlockwise, the sliding block nut 7-3 slides downwards along the bidirectional spiral groove 7-9 of the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 through the sliding pin 7-8, the sliding block nut 7-3 pulls the connecting rod 7-4 downwards, and the connecting rod 7-4 pulls the second hinge downwards, so that the solar energy conversion plate set 4 is driven to be folded, and damage to the solar energy conversion plate set 4 in severe weather such as strong wind, rainstorm, hail and the like is reduced.
A transfer water tank 11 is fixed on the central connecting seat 7-6 at the outer end of the inclined bracket 7-1. The transfer water tank 11 is internally provided with a cold water dispersion flow passage and a hot water collection flow passage which are mutually independent; the cold water dispersion flow passage is provided with a cold water inlet and eight cold water outlets which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the transit water tank 11. The hot water collecting flow passage is provided with eight hot water inlets and one hot water outlet which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the transit water tank 11. Eight cold water outlets of the cold water dispersion flow channel are respectively connected to water inlet connecting pipes of the eight solar energy conversion plates through hoses (not shown in the figure). The eight hot water inlets of the hot water collecting channel are respectively connected to the water outlet connecting pipes of the eight solar energy conversion plates through hoses (not shown in the figure). And a cold water inlet of the cold water dispersion flow channel and a hot water outlet of the hot water collection flow channel are respectively used as an input port and an output port of the solar energy conversion device, are connected to an external load, and transmit the heat energy collected by each solar energy conversion plate to the outside.
As shown in fig. 1, 4 and 5, the first ratchet-pawl mechanism 3 includes a first pawl 3-1, a return leaf spring 3-2 and a first ratchet 3-3. The first ratchet 3-3 is an end ratchet, in this embodiment formed integrally with the bottom of the epicyclic 2. The plurality of first pawls 3-1 are evenly distributed along the circumferential direction of the circumferential plate 2. The inner end of each first pawl 3-1 is hinged with the base 1, and the outer end of each first pawl is propped against the ratchet ring on the first ratchet wheel 3-3. The lower side of each first pawl 3-1 is provided with a reset plate spring 3-2, the reset plate spring 3-2 is in a sheet arc shape, and the reset plate spring 3-2 is made of spring steel. The first ratchet wheel 3-3 can rotate only in one direction relative to the week disk 2 under the restriction of the first pawl 3-1. When the ratchet wheel works, the first pawls 3-1 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the base 1, so that the first ratchet wheels 3-3 can be uniformly stressed, and the phenomenon of nonuniform stress of the circumferential turntable 2 is reduced.
As shown in fig. 4, 5 and 7, the second ratchet-pawl mechanism 5 includes a bushing 5-1, a second ratchet 5-2, a second pawl 5-3 and a spring 5-4. The shaft sleeve 5-1 is connected with the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 through a spline; the second ratchet wheel 5-2 is fixed in the central hole of the peripheral turntable 2. The ratchet ring of the second ratchet wheel 5-2 is positioned in the central hole of the ratchet ring. A plurality of second pawls 5-3 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer side surface of the sleeve 5-1. The inner end of each second pawl 5-3 is hinged with the shaft sleeve 5-1, and the outer end of each second pawl abuts against the ratchet ring at the inner side of the second ratchet wheel 5-2. A spring 5-4 is arranged between each second pawl 5-3 and the shaft sleeve 5-1; the spring 5-4 adopts a pressure spring to provide the second pawl 5-3 with the elastic force of the ratchet ring which is propped against the inner side of the second ratchet wheel 5-2. The second ratchet wheel 5-2 can only rotate in one direction relative to the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 under the limit of the second pawl 5-3.
As shown in fig. 8, the light-following detection module 10 includes a substrate 10-1, a light shielding plate 10-3, and two light intensity sensors 10-2. The light intensity sensor 10-2 employs a photo-resistor. The substrate 10-1 is fixed at the outer edge of one of the solar conversion panels. The substrate 10-1 is kept parallel to the front surface of the solar conversion panel. The light shielding plate 10-3 is vertically fixed on the base plate 10-1. The two light intensity sensors 10-2 are both arranged on the base plate and are respectively positioned at two sides of the shading plate 10-3. In the state that the solar energy conversion board group 4 is completely unfolded, the light shading plate 10-3 is parallel to the axis of the turnover disc and the axis of the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 (namely, the plane of the light shading plate 10-3 is a vertical plane vertical to the front surface of the solar energy conversion board group 4)
When the solar energy conversion plate group 4 faces the light source in the azimuth, neither of the two light intensity sensors 10-2 is shielded, and can detect similar light intensity. When the solar energy conversion plate group 4 is not aligned with the light source in the azimuth, one of the light intensity sensors 10-2 is shielded by the light shielding plate 10-3, so that the two light intensity sensors 10-2 detect a large difference in light intensity. According to the characteristics, whether the light following movement is needed or not can be confirmed currently.
As a preferred technical solution, the direction of the relative rotation allowed between the revolving disc 2 and the base 1 is determined according to the azimuth angle change of the sun relative to the solar energy conversion device during the day, so that the direction of the relative rotation allowed between the revolving disc 2 and the base 1 is consistent with the azimuth angle change of the sun during the day. Therefore, continuous azimuth angle light following in one day can be realized through small-amplitude rotation of the turnover disc 2, and the problem that the turnover disc 2 needs to be away from one side of the direction of the sun first when the azimuth angle is adjusted every time is avoided. Specifically, if the solar energy conversion device is installed in the north of the sunlight direct-emitting point of the earth, the allowable rotation direction of the turnover disc 2 is the counterclockwise direction viewed from the top (according to the azimuth angle change rule of the sun in the southeast direction in the morning, the southwest direction in the noon, and the southwest direction in the evening); if the solar energy conversion device is installed at the south of the sunlight direct-emitting point of the earth, the allowed rotation direction of the turnover disc 2 is the clockwise direction (according with the azimuth angle change rule of the sun in the east direction, the midday north direction and the west-north direction in the morning);
in the invention, the driving motor 9 respectively realizes the azimuth angle light following (rotating around a vertical axis) and folding and unfolding functions of the solar energy conversion plate group 4 through positive rotation and negative rotation; the method comprises the following specific steps:
when the driving motor 9 rotates forwards, the main shaft of the driving motor 9 drives the central rotating shaft 8 to rotate clockwise; in the rotating direction, the central rotating shaft 8 and the turnover disc 2 cannot rotate relatively, and the turnover disc 2 and the base 1 can rotate relatively, so that the central rotating shaft 8 drives the turnover disc 2 to rotate clockwise through the second ratchet and pawl mechanism 5; the peripheral turntable 2 drives the solar energy conversion plate group 4 to rotate around a vertical axis together, so that the function that the solar energy conversion plate group 4 rotates around the vertical axis is realized, the orientation of the solar energy conversion plate group 4 can be changed along with the change of the solar azimuth, and light following is realized.
When the driving motor 9 rotates reversely, the main shaft of the driving motor 9 drives the central rotating shaft 8 to rotate anticlockwise; in the rotating direction, the central rotating shaft 8 and the turnover disc 2 can rotate relatively, and the turnover disc 2 and the base 1 cannot rotate relatively; therefore, the peripheral turntable 2 is kept static, the central rotating shaft 8 rotates relative to the peripheral turntable 2 to drive the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 to rotate, then the sliding block nut 7-3 slides along the axis direction of the reciprocating screw rod 7-26, the sliding block nut 7-3 drives the connecting rod 7-4 to move, the connecting rod 7-4 pulls the framework rocker 7-5 to turn over, and the framework rocker 7-5 drives the solar energy conversion plate group 4 to move, so that the folding and unfolding functions of the solar energy conversion plate group 4 are realized;
under the action of the driving mode, under the condition that only one motor is used, the solar energy conversion plate group 4 can keep the posture towards the sun direction, the heat collection efficiency of the solar energy conversion plate group 4 is increased, and the solar energy conversion plate group 4 can be folded when severe weather such as strong wind, rainstorm, hail and the like is met, so that the damage of the severe weather such as strong wind, rainstorm, hail and the like to the solar energy conversion plate group 4 is reduced.
The working method of the foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device comprises the following specific steps:
the solar energy conversion plate group 4 collects heat energy under the irradiation of sunlight (i.e. solar energy is converted into heat energy and transferred to the internal heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium is connected with the internal and external circulations through the transit water tank). The two light intensity sensors 10-2 periodically detect light intensity; calculating the difference value of the two obtained light intensities after each detection; if the obtained difference value is larger than or equal to the threshold value, the driving motor 9 rotates forwards, so that the central rotating shaft 8 drives the peripheral rotating disc 2 to rotate, and the driving motor stops rotating until the difference value of the light intensity detected by the two light intensity sensors 10-2 is smaller than the threshold value; at this time, the solar energy conversion panel group 4 faces the sun. If the obtained difference is smaller than the threshold, no light following is performed.
When severe weather such as strong wind, rainstorm, hail and the like possibly causing damage to the solar energy conversion device occurs, the upper computer sends a folding instruction to the controller; the controller controls the driving motor 9 to rotate reversely, and the central rotating shaft 8 rotates reversely along with the driving motor 9; the central rotating shaft 8 drives the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 to rotate, so that the sliding block nut 7-3 slides inwards, and the solar energy conversion plate group 4 is folded along with the sliding block nut; when the slider nut 7-3 slides inward to the second limit position, the driving motor 9 stops.
When severe weather passes, the upper computer sends an unfolding instruction to the controller; the controller controls the driving motor 9 to rotate reversely, and the central rotating shaft 8 rotates reversely along with the driving motor 9; the central rotating shaft 8 drives the reciprocating screw rod 7-2 to rotate, so that the sliding block nut 7-3 starts to slide outwards from the second limit position, and the solar energy conversion plate group 4 is unfolded along with the sliding block nut; when the sliding block nut 7-3 slides outwards to the first extreme position, the driving motor 9 stops rotating, and solar energy collection and light following can be continuously carried out at the moment.
Example 2
This example differs from example 1 in that: the solar energy conversion plate adopts a solar power generation plate; and the transfer water tank 11 and the corresponding pipeline are not required to be arranged. In the embodiment, the solar power generation panel is used for directly converting solar energy into electric energy and inputting the electric energy into a power grid system; in addition, the electric energy can be directly supplied to the controller and the driving motor after being filtered and stabilized.
Example 3
This example differs from example 1 in that: the base is provided with an air speed sensor; the signal wire of the wind speed sensor is connected to the controller; when the wind speed exceeds the preset limit wind speed, the controller controls the driving motor 9 to rotate reversely to a state that the collection plate group 4 is folded; when the wind speed is lower than the preset limit wind speed, the controller controls the driving motor 9 to continuously rotate reversely to the state that the collection plate group 4 is unfolded.
Example 4
This example differs from example 1 in that: two one-way bearings are used to replace the first ratchet-pawl mechanism 3 and the second ratchet-pawl mechanism 5, respectively; therefore, the adjustment of the pitch angle azimuth angle of the solar energy conversion plate group 4 can be realized by the forward and reverse rotation of the driving motor.
Example 5
This example differs from example 1 in that: and a speed reducer is additionally arranged between the driving motor and the central rotating shaft 8, so that the precision of light tracking and folding is further improved in sequence.
Example 6
This example differs from example 1 in that: a locking device is arranged between the turnover disc and the base; the locking device adopts a locking device or a friction brake device matched with a pin groove, and can lock and fix the turnover table and the base together. When extremely bad weather occurs, the stability of the turnover disc can be ensured through the locking device, so that the reliability of the whole solar energy conversion device is ensured.
Claims (8)
1. A foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device comprises a base (1), a driving motor (9), a turnover disc (2) and a central rotating shaft (8); the method is characterized in that: the solar energy conversion plate comprises a folding and unfolding component (7) and a solar energy conversion plate group (4); the turnover disc (2) is arranged on the base (1) and forms a unidirectional rotating revolute pair with the base (1) through a unidirectional locking mechanism; a unidirectional rotating pair is formed between the central rotating shaft (8) and the turnover disc (2) through a unidirectional locking mechanism; the direction of the peripheral disc (2) allowed to rotate relative to the base (1) is opposite to the direction of the peripheral disc (2) allowed to rotate relative to the central rotating shaft (8); the central rotating shaft (8) is driven to rotate by a driving motor (9);
the folding and unfolding component (7) comprises an inclined bracket (7-1), a reciprocating screw rod (7-2), a slider nut (7-3), a connecting rod (7-4), a framework rocker (7-5), a central connecting seat (7-6) and a transmission component (7-7); the inclined bracket (7-1) is fixed on the peripheral turntable; the reciprocating screw rod (7-2) which is arranged in an inclined way is supported on the inclined bracket (7-1); the reciprocating screw rod (7-2) is connected with the central rotating shaft (8) through a transmission assembly (7-7); the sliding block nut (7-3) and the inclined bracket (7-1) form a sliding pair; the slide block nut (7-3) and the reciprocating screw rod (7-2) form a screw pair; the outer end of the inclined bracket (7-1) is fixed with a central connecting seat (7-6); n skeleton rockers (7-5) are uniformly distributed along the circumference of the central connecting seat (7-6), the inner ends of the skeleton rockers are hinged with the central connecting seat (7-6), and n is more than or equal to 2; the solar energy conversion plate group (4) comprises 2n solar energy conversion plates; all the solar energy conversion plates are sequentially connected end to form a ring shape; the adjacent side edges of the two connected solar energy conversion plates are hinged through hinges; the n nonadjacent hinges are first hinges; the other n hinges are second hinges; the n first hinges are respectively connected with the n skeleton rockers (7-5); one ends of the n connecting rods (7-4) are hinged with the sliding block nuts (7-3); the other ends of the n connecting rods (7-4) are respectively hinged with the n second hinges;
the turnover disc (2) and the base (1) realize unidirectional rotation through a first unidirectional locking mechanism; the central rotating shaft (8) and the circumferential rotating disc (2) realize unidirectional rotation through a second unidirectional locking mechanism;
the first one-way locking mechanism adopts a first ratchet wheel and pawl mechanism (3); the first ratchet wheel and pawl mechanism (3) comprises a first pawl (3-1), a reset plate spring (3-2) and a first ratchet wheel (3-3); the first ratchet wheel (3-3) adopts an end face ratchet wheel; the first pawls (3-1) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the peripheral disc (2); the inner end of each first pawl (3-1) is hinged with the base (1), and the outer end of each first pawl props against a ratchet ring on the first ratchet wheel (3-3); the lower side of each first pawl (3-1) is provided with a reset plate spring (3-2), the reset plate springs (3-2) are in a sheet arc shape, and the elastic force of the first pawls (3-1) against the ratchet ring of the first ratchet wheel (3-3) is provided;
the second one-way locking mechanism adopts a second ratchet wheel and pawl mechanism (5); the second ratchet wheel and pawl mechanism (5) comprises a shaft sleeve (5-1), a second ratchet wheel (5-2), a second pawl (5-3) and a spring (5-4); the shaft sleeve (5-1) is fixed with the central rotating shaft (8); the second ratchet wheel (5-2) is fixed in the central hole of the peripheral turntable (2); the second ratchet wheel (5-2) adopts an inner ratchet wheel; a plurality of second pawls (5-3) are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the outer side surface of the shaft sleeve (5-1); the inner end of each second pawl (5-3) is hinged with the shaft sleeve (5-1), and the outer end of each second pawl is propped against the ratchet ring at the inner side of the second ratchet wheel (5-2); springs (5-4) are arranged between the second pawls (5-3) and the shaft sleeve (5-1).
2. A foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device according to claim 1, wherein: the direction of the allowed relative rotation between the turnover disc (2) and the base (1) is determined according to the azimuth angle change condition of the sun relative to the base (1) in one day, so that the direction of the allowed rotation of the turnover disc (2) relative to the base (1) is consistent with the direction of the azimuth angle change of the sun in one day.
3. A foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device according to claim 1, wherein: the solar energy conversion plate adopts a solar heat collector; a transfer water tank (11) is fixed on the central connecting seat (7-6); a cold water dispersing flow passage and a hot water collecting flow passage which are mutually independent are arranged in the transfer water tank (11); the cold water dispersion flow channel is provided with a cold water inlet and 2n cold water outlets which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the transit water tank (11); the hot water collecting flow channel is provided with 2n hot water inlets and a hot water outlet which are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the transit water tank (11); 2n cold water outlets of the cold water dispersion flow channel are respectively connected to water inlet connecting pipes of 2n solar energy conversion plates through hoses; 2n hot water inlets of the hot water collecting flow channel are respectively connected to water outlet connecting pipes of the 2n solar energy conversion plates through hoses.
4. A foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device according to claim 1, wherein: the device also comprises a light following detection module (10); the light following detection module (10) comprises a substrate (10-1), a light shielding plate (10-3) and two light intensity sensors (10-2); the substrate (10-1) is fixed on the top of the inclined bracket or one of the solar energy conversion plates; the base plate (10-1) is parallel to the front surface of the solar energy conversion plate group in the unfolding state; the shading plate (10-3) is vertically fixed on the substrate (10-1); the two light intensity sensors (10-2) are both arranged on the substrate and are respectively positioned at two sides of the light screen (10-3); the shading plate (10-3) is parallel to the axis of the peripheral rotating disc and the axis of the reciprocating screw rod (7-2).
5. A foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device according to claim 1, wherein: the solar energy conversion plate adopts a solar power generation plate or a solar heat collector.
6. A foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device according to claim 1, wherein: the axis of the reciprocating screw rod (7-2) and the axis of the central rotating shaft (8) form an included angle of 30-60 degrees; the transmission assembly (7-7) adopts a universal joint coupler; each solar energy conversion plate is in a fan shape with a central angle of 360 degrees/2 n; the hinge comprises a pin shaft and two plywood; the two plywood plates and the back surfaces of the two corresponding solar energy conversion plates are respectively fixed; the pin shaft penetrates through the hinge holes on the two plywood so that the two plywood are hinged together; the pin shafts in the n first hinges are directly replaced by the outer ends of the n framework rocking bars (7-5) or are respectively fixed at the outer ends of the n framework rocking bars (7-5).
7. The method of operating a solar energy conversion device capable of folding against wind as claimed in claim 4, wherein: the solar energy conversion plate group (4) collects and converts solar energy under the irradiation of sunlight; two light intensity sensors (10-2) periodically detect light intensity; calculating the difference value of the two obtained light intensities after each detection; if the obtained difference value is larger than or equal to the threshold value, the driving motor (9) rotates forwards, so that the central rotating shaft (8) drives the peripheral turntable (2) to rotate, and the driving motor stops rotating until the difference value of the light intensity detected by the two light intensity sensors (10-2) is smaller than the threshold value; at the moment, the solar energy conversion plate group (4) is opposite to the sun;
when the solar energy conversion plate group (4) needs to be protected, the driving motor (9) rotates reversely, the central rotating shaft (8) drives the reciprocating screw rod (7-2) to rotate, so that the sliding block nut (7-3) slides inwards, and the solar energy conversion plate group (4) is folded along with the sliding block nut; when the solar energy conversion plate group (4) is folded to the minimum, the driving motor (9) stops rotating;
when the solar energy conversion plate group (4) needs to be unfolded again, the driving motor (9) rotates reversely, the central rotating shaft (8) drives the reciprocating screw rod (7-2) to rotate, the sliding block nut (7-3) starts to slide outwards, and the solar energy conversion plate group (4) is unfolded along with the sliding block nut; when the solar energy conversion plate group (4) is unfolded to the maximum, the driving motor (9) stops rotating.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the solar energy conversion device is a foldable wind-resistant solar energy conversion device, comprising: the base is provided with an air speed sensor; when the wind speed exceeds a preset limit wind speed, the controller controls the driving motor (9) to rotate reversely to a state that the solar energy conversion plate group (4) is folded; when the wind speed is lower than the preset limit wind speed, the controller controls the driving motor (9) to continuously rotate reversely to the state that the solar energy conversion plate group (4) is unfolded.
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| WO2023159338A1 (en) * | 2022-02-22 | 2023-08-31 | 李�杰 | Vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small vehicle |
| CN115143418A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-10-04 | 汇智道晟(舟山)科技有限公司 | Solar energy integration street lamp |
| CN115399830B (en) * | 2022-11-02 | 2022-12-27 | 吉林大学第一医院 | Wound automatic pressing bleeding prevention device for intracavity coronary artery nursing |
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| EP2331885A4 (en) * | 2008-10-01 | 2014-07-09 | Polk Steven | Solar collector |
| US20130081671A1 (en) * | 2011-09-29 | 2013-04-04 | Joseph Y. Hui | Sun Tracking Foldable Solar Umbrellas for Electricity and Hot Water Generation |
| US9496436B2 (en) * | 2012-06-07 | 2016-11-15 | Monarch Power Corp. | Foldable solar power receiver |
| CN108512498A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-09-07 | 上海沪勘电气有限公司 | One kind is from motion tracking solar energy and can collapse distracted power generator |
| CN109510582A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-03-22 | 北京汉能光伏投资有限公司 | A kind of device of solar generating |
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| CN110266257B (en) * | 2019-06-28 | 2024-02-06 | 南京信息工程大学 | Unmanned ship fan-shaped solar charging device for water quality detection |
| CN111049470A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-21 | 武汉市研华智造环保科技有限公司 | Folding support of collapsible solar photovoltaic board |
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