WO2023159338A1 - Vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small vehicle - Google Patents

Vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small vehicle Download PDF

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Publication number
WO2023159338A1
WO2023159338A1 PCT/CN2022/077177 CN2022077177W WO2023159338A1 WO 2023159338 A1 WO2023159338 A1 WO 2023159338A1 CN 2022077177 W CN2022077177 W CN 2022077177W WO 2023159338 A1 WO2023159338 A1 WO 2023159338A1
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WIPO (PCT)
Prior art keywords
shaped
type
fixed
bracket
panel
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PCT/CN2022/077177
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李�杰
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李�杰
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Application filed by 李�杰 filed Critical 李�杰
Priority to PCT/CN2022/077177 priority Critical patent/WO2023159338A1/en
Publication of WO2023159338A1 publication Critical patent/WO2023159338A1/en

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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02SGENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
    • H02S20/00Supporting structures for PV modules
    • H02S20/30Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment
    • H02S20/32Supporting structures being movable or adjustable, e.g. for angle adjustment specially adapted for solar tracking

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of new energy vehicles, in particular to a vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small vehicles.
  • the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small vehicles, so that the above-mentioned technical problems are solved.
  • a vehicle-mounted solar charging device for a small car which is composed of a tracking bracket and a solar cell.
  • the solar cell includes two types of silicon-based solar cells and organic solar cells.
  • the silicon-based solar cells are further divided into solar thin-film cells and solar cells.
  • Solar cells are divided into three types: panel type or fan type or umbrella type. Solar cells are installed on polygonal or circular textile fabrics, which are called umbrella solar cells.
  • Panel type is to install solar cells on polygonal or circular or polygonal and non-polygonal panels, combining X panels into a fan.
  • the assembly is called a panel-type solar cell, and the materials of the panel include stainless steel, tempered glass, and polymer organic materials.
  • the tracking bracket includes a mounting box, a shaft, a chassis, a sleeve, a motor, a T-shaped bracket, and a tubular driving device.
  • the tracking bracket is divided into two modes of 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking.
  • the fan-shaped solar cells in the 1-dimensional tracking mode have two types of single-sided or double-sided installation, and the fan-shaped solar cells in the 2-dimensional tracking mode have only one side.
  • the three types of solar cells all use the same structure of tracking brackets in the 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional mode.
  • the fan-shaped solar cells are composed of K sets of folding combinations, and each folding combination has 2 folding surfaces. One of the folding surfaces is equipped with a skeleton in the middle, and the other is not.
  • the two skeletons support a total of 4 folding surfaces, and the two folding surfaces
  • the two folding surfaces There is a skeleton in the middle, and there are no other two skeletons.
  • a polygonal or circular member E is fixed on the edge of each skeleton.
  • the skeleton is fixed on the spring in the contracted state, and the components E are arranged in a straight line or arc shape.
  • the installation position of the components E is divided into two types.
  • the first one is that the components E are installed on the same side, and the two ends of the spring are respectively fixed on the On both ends of the shaft support, the second type is installed on the left and right sides of the frame respectively.
  • a frame a in the center of the frame divides the fan-shaped solar cells into two groups of A and B, and each group has 1/2K group Folding combination and 1/2W root skeleton
  • skeleton a is the skeleton shared by two groups A and B
  • member E is installed on the left side in group A, and installed on the right side in group B
  • the spring ends of each group It is respectively fixed on the shaft bracket and the skeleton a, the left and right sides of the skeleton a are equipped with components E
  • the shaft is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube through the shaft bracket
  • the top is a polygonal or circular top plate
  • the skeleton a is fixed on In the center of the top plate, the axis passes through the round holes at the lower ends of all skeletons, except for
  • the panel solar cell when the installation position of component E, adopts the first type , the installation method of component E and spring on the edge of each panel of X panels is the same as that of fan-shaped solar cells.
  • an additional panel a is fixed in the center of the top plate, and panel a
  • the X panels are divided into two groups of A and B, each group has 1/2X panels, the two ends of the springs of each group are respectively fixed on the shaft bracket and panel a, except for panel a, each panel passes through The round hole or ring at the lower end is hinged on the shaft, and the shaft is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube through the shaft bracket.
  • is the lifting height of the T-shaped hollow tube.
  • the umbrella-shaped solar cells are divided into two types: foldable or non-foldable. There are round holes, and the solar cells around the round holes are fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube.
  • the top is a circular plate with annular wings.
  • the central circular hole of the circular plate corresponds to the solar cell.
  • the back of the solar cell is fixedly installed with an elastic steel or aluminum alloy frame, and the foldable solar cell can be folded.
  • Each frame is divided into two sections, and the two sections are connected by a connecting member.
  • the connecting member and the front end are fixedly connected, The rear end is hinged, and the connecting member is fixed with a magnet or the connecting member itself is a member with a ferromagnetic substance.
  • the non-foldable solar cell cannot be folded, and each frame is not segmented.
  • the front end is It is fixed on the edge of the umbrella-shaped solar cell, and the rear end is hinged on the wing of the circular plate.
  • Each frame is hinged to a support rod. It is hinged in the middle of the skeleton, and the end of the support rod is hinged on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube.
  • the end of the T-shaped hollow tube is installed with a magnet or a component with a ferromagnetic substance.
  • the roller blinds are divided into two types of textile fabrics or non-woven fabrics.
  • the two ends of the roller blinds are respectively equipped with pull cords.
  • the other end of the drawstring is fixed on the reel.
  • Grooves are installed on the top of both sides of the long side of the installation box. The drawstring moves back and forth in the groove.
  • the cover of the manual type has flip type or drawer type, and there are bolt holes at the bottom of the box.
  • the two types of boxes are equipped with batteries at the bottom, and handles are installed on the outer wall
  • the T-shaped hollow tube is installed on the axis A and is threaded with the axis A, and the upper and lower sides of the axis A
  • the axis A penetrates the round hole of the umbrella-shaped solar cell plate, but does not penetrate the panel-type or fan-shaped top plate.
  • the axis A is fixed on the shaft of the motor A, and the motor A
  • An I-shaped plate is fixed on the top of the chassis, and the lower end of the sleeve is fixed on the two wings of the I-shaped plate.
  • the lower ends of the sleeve, the chassis, and the two wings of the I-shaped plate are all vertically fixed on the top panel of the T-shaped bracket.
  • T-shaped The lower end of the bracket is fixed on the hollow tube of the tubular driving device.
  • the tubular driving device includes a hollow tube, a tubular motor, a driving wheel or a gear.
  • the driving wheel or gear is connected to the shaft of the tubular motor and fixed inside the hollow tube.
  • the tubular motor is placed in the hollow tube.
  • the tubular motor is fixed on the motor base
  • the motor base is fixed on the fastening member
  • the two ends of the hollow tube are respectively connected to the runners of the fastening member
  • the fastening member is fixed on the bracket
  • the bracket is divided into A or B
  • Two types in the 1-dimensional tracking mode, the bracket is type A, which is fixed at the bottom of the installation box; in the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the bracket is type B, with universal wheels installed at the bottom, and T-shaped pillars
  • the hollow tube is fixed on the shaft C of the motor C, and the two wings are respectively fixed on the bracket B.
  • the motor C is fixed on the bottom of the installation box through the base, and a wind resistance device is installed in the installation box.
  • the wind resistance device is a wire rope or a chain or a beam.
  • D-type and S-type There are two different types of D-type and S-type. In the fan-type and panel-type modes, the two types are used at the same time.
  • the D-type is installed on the frame or panel and sleeve, and one end is fixed on the outside. On the frame or panel, the other end is fixed on the left and right side walls of the sleeve. On each side wall, there is a gap for the entry and exit of the wind resistance device. The length is ⁇ . Counting from the top of the sleeve, each gap Both are equipped with D-type wind resistance devices.
  • the D-type wind resistance devices have the same structure in the 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking mode.
  • the S-type is installed in the installation box.
  • steel wire ropes or beams are used. One end is fixed on the left and right side walls of the installation box, and the other end is installed on the left and right side walls of the sleeve.
  • the other end of the wind resistance device is connected to the track.
  • the track is divided into groove track and T-shaped track.
  • Type one end of the S-type wind resistance device is fixed on the bracket B, and the other end is fixed in the groove track.
  • a polygonal or circular fastener a is inserted into the groove track.
  • the cross section of the groove track is trapezoidal.
  • a polygonal fastener b is fixed, the bottom of the fastener b is equipped with a pulley, the fastener b is installed on the top of the T-shaped track, the fastener a or fastener b rotates with the bracket B, and the groove or T-shaped
  • the bottom of the track is fixed on the bottom of the installation box.
  • the wind resistance device of the umbrella solar cell is only S type. The drive of the motor will be controlled by the angle tracking controller.
  • the electronic module of the controller includes the main chip, multi-axis angle sensor Or inclination sensor, GPS satellite positioning, clock chip, motor-driven module, the angle tracking controller is installed in parallel on the T-shaped bracket, the adjustment of the azimuth angle, in the 1-dimensional tracking mode, is adjusted every ⁇ minutes within 1 day, In the 2-dimensional tracking mode, in the morning and afternoon, it is adjusted every ⁇ minutes, and no adjustment is made at noon.
  • the angle tracking controller adopts the working principle of non-inductive tracking without photoelectric sensor.
  • the adjustment of the inclination angle is adjusted by the fixed inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket, and the inclination angle in the morning and afternoon is ⁇ , the inclination angle at noon is 0, input the inclination angle of ⁇ , 0 and the corresponding time period into the memory module of the controller in advance, when the adjustment signal is received, the angle tracking controller will follow the angle value of ⁇ or 0 to adjust the inclination of the T-shaped bracket; in the multi-adjustment mode, the real-time inclination of the T-shaped bracket is used to adjust. In the morning and afternoon, the inclination is adjusted ⁇ times within ⁇ minutes.
  • the adjustment schedule is pre-input into the memory module of the controller.
  • the inclination angle ⁇ of the T-shaped support at the beginning of each adjustment is the real-time inclination angle at that time.
  • the inclination angle of the umbrella is the same as that of the T-shaped support.
  • the core chip uses the built-in digital motion processor to calculate the attitude or the Kalman filter algorithm, and output the inclination value ⁇ after the algorithm through the main interface, and send it to the main
  • the inclination value is sent to the main controller of the main chip after being converted by the analog-to-digital converter.
  • the main controller compares the input value with the inclination value ⁇ or ⁇ to determine whether the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket has been adjusted in place. Within the error range, an adjustment of the inclination angle is completed.
  • the inclination angles of the three types of solar cells are 0 and are in a horizontal state.
  • the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket is adjusted to become 90°, which is adjusted to 0° in the umbrella type.
  • the azimuth angles of the three types of solar cells are the same as those of the T-shaped bracket, and the adjustment methods are also the same.
  • the ⁇ -time adjustment schedule is pre-input into the memory of the controller Among the modules, when the scheduled adjustment time is reached, the angle tracking controller receives the GPS real-time positioning information, and through the calculation of the control module of the main chip, a real-time azimuth angle value ⁇ facing east or west is obtained, and the main controller according to The azimuth ⁇ is used to drive the rotation angle ⁇ of the T-shaped pillar, so that the azimuth angle of the three types of solar cells is changed to ⁇ .
  • the error detection method after the azimuth adjustment is the same as that of the inclination angle, but it is completed by controlling the rotation of the T-shaped pillar.
  • W , K, X are multiples of even numbers
  • N, F are multiples of odd or even numbers
  • L 1 or L 2 is the length of the fan-shaped and panel-type or umbrella-shaped axis A above the I-shaped plate, and it is characterized in that :
  • the fan-shaped or umbrella-shaped or panel-shaped solar cells in the sleeve can automatically shrink and expand, and are integrated with the tracking bracket in the installation box to form a 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking solar charging device, fan-shaped or The angle adjustment of the umbrella-type or panel-type solar cells will be counted by time, and the angle tracking controller will control the rotation of the tubular driving device or the T-shaped pillar to complete.
  • the vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small cars of the present invention alleviates the shortage of cruising range of new energy vehicles, and solves the technical problem that the solar charging device for small cars can not only track the sun, but also has practical value.
  • Fig. 1 is a plane top view of fan-shaped solar cells in a storage state: symbol 1 is an installation box, symbol 2 is a T-shaped bracket, symbol 3 is a fixed bracket A, symbol 4 is a motor A, symbol 5 is a tubular driving device, symbol 6 is a sleeve, symbol 7 is a T-shaped hollow tube, symbol 8 is axis A, symbol 9 is a shaft support, symbols 10/11 are fan-shaped solar cells/panel-type solar cells respectively;
  • Figure 2 is fan-shaped solar cells
  • the shaft the symbol 17 is the D-type wind resistance device, the symbol 18 is the I-shaped plate, the symbol 19 is the wing of the I-shaped plate, the symbol 20 is the S-type
  • symbol 23 is the T-shaped pillar
  • symbol 24 is the S-shaped wind resistance device in the 2-dimensional tracking mode
  • symbol 25 is a groove or T-shaped track
  • symbol 26 is a universal wheel
  • symbol 27/28 is motor C/base C
  • symbol 29 is motor shaft C
  • symbol 30 is bracket B
  • Figure 4 is a fan-shaped solar cell
  • symbol 31 is the component E of the fixed spring
  • FIG. The hinged outer panel, the symbol 32a is the panel a, the symbol 33 is the panel solar cell or the inner panel; Fig.
  • FIG. 6 is a plane top view of the non-folding umbrella solar cell when it is stored: the symbol 34 is a T-shaped hollow tube, and the symbol 35 It is a sleeve, symbol 36 is a round plate with annular wings on the top of a T-shaped hollow tube, symbol 37 is a bracket, symbol 38 is an umbrella-shaped solar cell, and symbol 39 is an inclined edge at the top of the sleeve;
  • Figure 7 is an umbrella-shaped solar cell
  • Fig. 8 is a side view of the 1-dimensional tracking device of an umbrella-shaped solar cell; Fig.
  • FIG. 9 is a side view of a 2-dimensional tracking device of an umbrella-shaped solar cell Front view
  • Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the T-shaped track and the fastener b: the symbol 42 is the fastener b, and the symbol 43 is the pulley.
  • FIG. 1 it is a fan-type or panel-type 1-dimensional tracking mode.
  • the fan-type or panel-type solar cells 14/31, 32 are installed on the skeleton 12, 13 or panels 32, 33, and one
  • the shaft 16 is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow pipe 7 by the shaft bracket 9, the lower end of the skeleton or the panel 12, 13/32, 33 is hingedly connected with the shaft 16, and the components are fixed on the edge of the skeleton 12, 13 or the panel 32, 33 31.
  • One end is fixed on the sleeve 6, the T-shaped hollow tube 7 and the shaft 8 are threaded, the shaft 8 is fixed on the shaft of the motor 4, the I-shaped plate 18 is fixed on the chassis 21 of the motor 4, and the sleeve 6 is fixed on the I-shaped On the two wings of the template 18, the sleeve 6, the two wings of the I-shaped panel 18, and the chassis 21 are all fixed on the T-shaped bracket 2.
  • One end of the wind resistance device 20 is fixed on the side wall of the installation box, and the other end is hingedly installed on the sleeve.
  • the T-shaped bracket 2 is fixed on the tubular driving device 5
  • the tubular driving device 5 is fixed on the bracket 3
  • the bracket 3 is fixed on the bottom surface of the installation box 2
  • the angle tracking controller is installed on the T-shaped bracket 2 in parallel.
  • the waterproof male and female joints between the angle tracking controller, the motor 4 and the storage battery are docked with each other, thereby forming a 1-dimensional tracking solar power generation device for adjusting the inclination.
  • FIG. 1 it is a fan-shaped or panel-type 2-dimensional tracking mode.
  • the structure and installation method of the 1-dimensional tracking mode on the bracket 30 are the same as above, see paragraph 0008.
  • the 2-dimensional tracking mode universal wheels 26 are installed on the bottom of the bracket 30, and T-shaped pillars 23 are fixed inside.
  • the middle hollow tube of the T-shaped pillars 23 is fixed on the motor shaft 29 of the motor 27, and the motor 27 passes through the base 28.
  • the bottom surface of the installation box 1 is fixed with a track 25 connected to the wind-resistant device 24, the upper end of the wind-resistant device 24 is fixed on the bracket 30, and the lower end is buckled to slide in the track 25, thereby forming an adjustment angle and Azimuthal 2D tracking of solar power installations.
  • FIG. 6 it is an umbrella-shaped 1-dimensional tracking mode.
  • the center of the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is fixed on the circular plate 36, and a skeleton 41 is fixedly installed on the back thereof.
  • One end of the skeleton 41 is fixed on the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38. edge, the other end is hinged on the periphery of the circular plate 36, and a support rod 40 is hinged in the middle part of the skeleton 41, and the other end of the support rod 40 is hinged on the T-shaped hollow tube 34, and the T-shaped hollow tube 34 and the shaft 8 are connected by threads.
  • the shaft 8 is fixed on the motor 4, the I-shaped plate 18 is fixed on the chassis of the motor 4, and the rest of the I-shaped plate 18, the sleeve 35 and the sleeve 35 are fixed on the 1-dimensional tracking bracket and the installation of the wind resistance device 20
  • the method is the same as that of the fan type, see paragraph 0009.
  • FIG. 9-10 which is the 2-dimensional tracking mode of the umbrella type.
  • the structure of the 1-dimensional tracking mode installed on the bracket 30 is the same as the above.
  • Refer to 0008, in the 2-dimensional tracking mode. the structure and installation method of the 2-dimensional tracking bracket are the same as above, refer to paragraph 0009.
  • FIGs 1, 2, 4, and 5 which are fan-type or panel-type 1-dimensional tracking modes. Fix the installation box on the luggage rack on the roof or on the ground. The front end of the installation box 2 faces east. When the installation box adopts automatic When using the remote control to start the switch of the tubular driving device of the installation box, the roller blind is driven to shrink, and the spring on the reel of the cover at the other end is pulled tight by the pull cord.
  • the T-shaped hollow tube 7 stops going up after the wind-resistant device 17 is fully tightened upwards, and then the skeleton or panel 12, 13 or 32, 33 is pulled into place so that the fan-type or panel-type solar cells are fully deployed.
  • the inclination adjustment of 1-dimensional tracking only adopts several adjustment modes. In the morning, the angle tracking controller controls the rotation of the tubular driving device 5 to make the T-shaped bracket 2 tilt to a predetermined angle ⁇ , which drives the fan-type or panel-type solar cells to face east And tilt, until the arrival of the noon time is all in a tilted state, referring to Fig.
  • control tubular driving device 5 rotates so that the top of the T-shaped support 2 becomes vertical to the ground, and then the fan-shaped solar cells are driven to become The ground is parallel. If only one side is installed with solar cells, the parallel state will be maintained until the end. If there are solar cells installed on both sides, then in the afternoon, the operation is the same as that in the morning, so that the fan type or panel type The solar cells are facing west and tilted.
  • FIGS 1, 3, and 10 are fan-type or panel-type 2-dimensional tracking modes.
  • the installation box is a manual type
  • the bolts pass through the bolt holes on the bottom of the installation box and are fixed on the brackets of N groups, and the brackets are fixed on the ground. , open the box lid manually.
  • the fan-type or panel-type solar cells are deployed in the same way as paragraph 0008. After the fan-type or panel-type solar cells are fully deployed, first adjust the azimuth angle, and the angle tracking controller adjusts the time according to the azimuth angle pre-input in the storage module.
  • the main controller drives the tubular driving device 5 to rotate according to the inclination value ⁇ , and drives the T-shaped bracket 2 to rotate the angle of ⁇ , so that the inclination angle of the fan type and the panel type is adjusted to ⁇ , the adjusted inclination value of the T-shaped bracket 2 is sent to the main controller of the main chip after being converted by the analog-to-digital converter again, and the main controller judges the T-shaped bracket 2 according to the comparison between the input value and the inclination value ⁇ Whether the angle of inclination that has been adjusted in place is within the error range, and control the control module of the tubular driving device 5 accordingly, thereby completing an adjustment of the inclination angle.
  • FIGS 6, 7, and 8 which are umbrella-shaped 1-dimensional tracking modes. Fix the installation box on the luggage rack on the roof or on the ground. The front end of the installation box 2 faces east.
  • the device starts the switch of the tubular driving device of the end cover of the installation box, drives the roller blind to shrink, the spring on the other end of the cover reel is tightened by the pull rope, and then starts the switch of the angle tracking controller to control the tubular driving device 5 to drive the T-shaped
  • the motor of the tubular driving device 5 will be closed and self-locked, and the angle tracking controller will control the motor 4 to drive the shaft 8 to rotate, and the T-shaped hollow pipe 34 will move upwards , push the support bar 40 and the skeleton 41 to move upwards.
  • the angle tracking controller controls and drives the tubular driving device 5 to drive the T-shaped bracket 2 to turn the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 into a horizontal state, and the angle tracking controller controls the motor 4 to drive the shaft 8 to rotate, and the T-shaped hollow tube 34 will be Moving down, pulling the support bar 40 and the skeleton 41 also moves downward.
  • the skeleton is divided into two sections, the connecting member and the magnet of the T-shaped hollow tube 34 are adsorbed together, and the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is folded into one , the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 shrinks gradually and is pulled into the sleeve 35.
  • the power supply of the motor 4 is turned off and self-locked, and the angle tracking controller controls the driving device 5 to drive the T-shaped tube.
  • the power supply of the driving device 5 is turned off and self-locked. Referring to Fig. 6, start the power switch of the tubular driving device in the installation box to push out the roller blind, then the spring shrinks and Pull the roller blind back to close the upper cover by means of the pull cord.
  • FIGS 1, 9, and 10 which are umbrella-shaped 2-dimensional tracking modes.
  • the structure and installation method of the 2-dimensional tracking bracket are the same as above, see paragraph 0009.
  • paragraph 0014 for the deployment method of the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38, and refer to paragraph 0013 for the adjustment of the azimuth angle as for the fan type.
  • paragraph 0014 for the inclination adjustment method of several adjustment modes.
  • the inclination adjustment of the multiple adjustment mode the inclination value ⁇ output by the multi-axis angle sensor or the inclination sensor is converted by the analog-to-digital converter and sent to the main controller of the main chip.
  • the controller drives the tubular driving device 5 to rotate according to the inclination value ⁇ , and drives the T-shaped bracket 2 to rotate by an angle of ⁇ , so that the inclination angle of the umbrella is adjusted to ⁇ , and the adjusted inclination value of the T-shaped bracket 2 is converted by an analog-to-digital converter again Then send it to the main controller of the main chip, and then compare the input value with the inclination value ⁇ to determine whether the adjusted inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket 2 is within the error range, and control the tubular driving device accordingly 5, thus completing the adjustment of an inclination angle.
  • the inclination angle of the T-shaped support 2 is adjusted to 0°, so that the inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is adjusted to 0°, and it will not be stationary after presenting a horizontal state until the adjustment time arrives in the afternoon. See paragraph 0013 or 0014 for storage methods.
  • a vehicle-mounted solar charging device for a small car of the present invention enables the umbrella-shaped or fan-shaped or panel-shaped solar cells in the sleeve to automatically shrink and unfold, and can be constructed together with the tracking bracket in the installation box to form an
  • the 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional tracking solar charging device of the photoelectric sensor improves the efficiency of power generation, reduces the use of mains power, alleviates the problem of insufficient mileage of new energy vehicles, and solves the problem of new energy vehicles.
  • the on-board solar charging device for small cars must not only be able to track the sun, but also have practical value in the field of new energy vehicles.
  • the power generation efficiency of the present invention is increased by more than 40% compared with the average of the current fixed installation mode, which is a carbon-neutral It has played a positive and beneficial effect on the sustainable development of the field of new energy vehicles in the post-era era.

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Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of new energy vehicles, and specifically, to a vehicle-mounted solar charging device for a small vehicle. In order to satisfy the environmental protection requirements of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality and a subsequent sustainable development requirement, a new energy vehicle replacing a fuel vehicle becomes a future development trend. At present, the endurance mileage of the new energy vehicle is increased by using solar power generation technology based on a fixed support. However, due to the defects of a low power generation amount and incapability of solar tracking, the insufficiency of the endurance mileage becomes the technical problem to be solved urgently in the field of new energy vehicles. The umbrella-shaped or fan-shaped or panel-type solar cell provided by the present invention can be automatically contracted and unfolded, and forms, together with a tracking support in a mounting box, a one-dimensional and two-dimensional tracking-type solar charging device without needing a photoelectric sensor. Thus, power generation efficiency is improved, the technical problem that the endurance mileage of the new energy vehicle is insufficient is alleviated, and compared with products which cannot perform solar tracking on the market at present, the solar power generation amount of the present invention is increased by more than 40% on average.

Description

一种小型车用的车载太阳能充电装置An on-board solar charging device for a small car 技术领域technical field
本发明涉及新能源汽车领域,具体为一种小型车用的车载太阳能充电装置。The invention relates to the field of new energy vehicles, in particular to a vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small vehicles.
背景技术Background technique
目前世界上许多国家和地区都发布了碳达峰和碳中和的时间表,为了满足碳达峰,碳中和的环保需求以及后续的可持续发展的需要,新能源汽车取代燃油汽车将成为未来的发展趋势,但是,续航里程的不足却又是个困扰新能源汽车难以顺利发展的瓶颈,为此太阳能发电将会被广泛应用到纯电动汽车行业当中,目前的新能源汽车都是采用固定支架的太阳能发电技术,但由于其发电量低、无法追日的缺陷,难以满足新能源汽车的要求。At present, many countries and regions in the world have issued timetables for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. In order to meet the environmental protection needs of carbon peaking, carbon neutrality, and subsequent sustainable development, new energy vehicles will replace fuel vehicles. The future development trend, however, the lack of cruising range is a bottleneck that plagues the smooth development of new energy vehicles. For this reason, solar power generation will be widely used in the pure electric vehicle industry. The current new energy vehicles use fixed brackets However, due to its low power generation and the inability to track the sun, it is difficult to meet the requirements of new energy vehicles.
技术问题technical problem
如何解决新能源汽车的续航里程的不足,不仅能够追日而且具有实用价值的问题,就存为新能源汽车领域内亟待解决的技术难题。How to solve the problem of insufficient cruising range of new energy vehicles, which can not only track the sun but also have practical value, is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field of new energy vehicles.
技术解决方案technical solution
针对上述缺陷,本发明提供一种小型车用的车载太阳能充电装置,使得上述的技术难题得到了解决。In view of the above-mentioned defects, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small vehicles, so that the above-mentioned technical problems are solved.
为实现上述目的,本发明的技术方案为:To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:
一种小型车用的车载太阳能充电装置,其由追踪支架和太阳能电池所构成,太阳能电池包括了硅基太阳能电池和有机太阳能电池两种类型,其中的硅基太阳能电池又分为太阳能薄膜电池和柔性晶体太阳能电池的两种类型,太阳能电池分为面板式或扇型或伞型三种类型,扇型是太阳能电池安装在扇型的纺织面料上,称为扇型太阳能电池,伞型是在多边形或圆形的纺织面料上安装太阳能电池,称为伞型太阳能电池,面板式是在多边形或圆形或多边形和非多边形组合体的面板上安装太阳能电池,把X块面板组合成一个扇型组合体,称为面板式太阳能电池,面板的材料包括不锈钢、钢化玻璃、高分子有机材料,追踪支架包括了安装箱、轴、机箱、套筒、电机、T型支架、管状驱动装置,所述的追踪支架分为1维度或2维度追踪的两种模式,1维度追踪模式的扇型太阳能电池安装有单面或双面的两种类型,2维度追踪模式的扇型太阳能电池只有单面,三种类型的太阳能电池在1维度或2维度的模式都是采用同一种结构的追踪支架,所述的扇型太阳能电池共由K组折叠组合所构成,每个折叠组合有2个折叠面,其中一个折叠面的中间安装有骨架,另一个则无,彼此相连的2组当中,两根骨架之间隔着无骨架的折叠面,即,两根骨架共支撑4个折叠面,两个折叠面中有根骨架,另外两个则无,骨架共有W根,每根骨架的边缘上固定有多边形或圆形的构件E,构件E中心有 圆孔,弹簧穿过构件E圆孔并把每根骨架固定在收缩状态下的弹簧上,构件E排列成直线或圆弧形状,构件E的安装位置分为两种类型,第一种是构件E安装在同一侧,弹簧的两端是分别固定在轴支架的两端上,第二种是分别安装在骨架的左右两侧,骨架中央的1根骨架a把扇型太阳能电池分为A和B的两组,每组中有1/2K组的折叠组合和1/2W根的骨架,骨架a为A和B两组共用的骨架,构件E,在A组是安装在左侧,在B组是安装在右侧,每一组的弹簧两端是分别固定在轴支架和骨架a上,骨架a左右两侧都安装有构件E,轴通过轴支架固定在T型空心管的顶端,顶端是块多边形或圆形的顶板,骨架a是固定在顶板的中央,轴穿过所有骨架的下端的圆孔,除了骨架a之外,和其余的骨架是铰接连接,所述的面板式太阳能电池,当构件E的安装位置,是采用第一种类型时,X块面板的每片面板边缘上的构件E、弹簧的安装方式与扇型太阳能电池的相同,当是采用第二种类型时,增加1块面板a固定在顶板的中央,面板a把X块面板分为A和B的两组,每组中有1/2X块面板,每一组的弹簧两端是分别固定在轴支架和面板a上,除了面板a之外,每块面板通过下端的圆孔或圆环铰接在轴上,轴通过轴支架固定在T型空心管的顶端,扇形和面板式的T型空心管的高度h 1=L 1,套筒的高度H 1=L 1+η,1/3 L 1<η≤2/3L 1,η是T型空心管升降的高度,所述的伞型太阳能电池,分为折叠式或非折叠式两种类型,两者中心都开有圆孔,圆孔周边的太阳能电池固定在T型空心管的顶部,顶部是块带有环形翼的圆板,圆板的中心圆孔和太阳能电池的相对应,在伞型太阳能电池的背面固定安装具有弹性的钢质或铝合金的骨架,折叠式的太阳能电池能够折叠,其每根骨架分为两段,两段通过连接构件联成一体,连接构件和前端是固定连接,和后端是铰接连接,连接构件上固定有磁铁或连接构件本身是具有铁磁性物质的构件,非折叠式的太阳能电池不能折叠,其每根骨架不分段,两种类型的骨架,前端都是固定在伞型太阳能电池边缘,后端铰接在圆板的翼上,每根骨架铰接一根支撑杆,支撑杆的前端,在折叠式中是铰接在后段骨架的中部,在非折叠式中是铰接在骨架的中部,支撑杆的末端是铰接在T型空心管顶端,在折叠式当中的T型空心管的末端安装有磁铁或具有铁磁性物质的构件,T型空心管的高度为h 2,1/10 L 2<h 2≤1/2 L 2,套筒的高度H 2,在折叠式模式当中,1/2 L 2<H 2≤2/3 L 2,在非折叠式模式当中,套筒的高度H 2=L 2-h 2,套筒顶端的边缘为倾斜或直立的两种形状,安装箱的盖子有自动型和手动型两种类型,自动型的盖子是自动卷帘,安装箱的一端安装有管状驱动装置和卷帘,另一端安装带有弹簧的卷轴,卷帘分为纺织面料或非纺织面料的两种类型,卷帘的两端分别安装有拉绳,拉绳的另一端固定在卷轴上,安装箱的长边两侧的顶部安装有凹槽,拉绳在凹槽内来回移动,手动型的盖子有翻盖式或抽屉式两种,箱底有螺栓孔,活动式的安装在N组的支架上,两种类型的箱底部安装有蓄电池, 外壁安装有把手,所述的T型空心管安装在轴A上与轴A是螺纹连接,在轴A上下移动,T型空心管沿着轴A上下移动时,轴A贯穿伞型太阳能电池圆板的圆孔,但不贯穿面板式或扇型的顶板,轴A固定在电机A的轴上,电机A机箱顶端固定一块工字型板,套筒下端固定在工字型板的两翼上,套筒、机箱、工字型板的两翼下端都是垂直的固定在T型支架的顶部面板上,T型支架下端固定在管状驱动装置的空心管上,管状驱动装置包括空心管、管状电机、驱动轮或齿轮,驱动轮或齿轮连接在管状电机轴上并固定于空心管内侧,管状电机安放在空心管内,管状电机固定在电机机座上,电机机座固定在紧固构件上,空心管的两端分别连接在紧固构件的转轮上,紧固构件固定在支架上,支架分为A或B两种类型,在1维度的追踪模式当中,支架为A型,其是固定在安装箱的底部,在2维度的追踪模式当中,支架为B型,其底部安装有万向轮,T型支柱的空心管固定在电机C的轴C上,两翼分别固定在支架B上,电机C通过机座固定在安装箱底部,安装箱内安装有抗风装置,抗风装置是钢丝绳或链条或梁,共有D型和S型的两种不同的类型,在扇型和面板式的模式当中,两种类型同时采用,D型是安装在骨架或面板和套筒上,其一端,是固定在外侧的骨架或面板上,另一端都是固定在套筒左右的侧壁上,在每一边的侧壁上留有抗风装置出入的缝隙,长度为η,从套筒顶端起算,每一条缝隙之处都安装有D型的抗风装置,D型抗风装置在1维度或2维度追踪模式当中的结构都相同,S型是安装在安装箱内,在1维度追踪模式当中,采用钢丝绳或梁,其一端固定在安装箱左右侧壁,另一端安装在套筒的左右侧壁,在2维度追踪模式当中,抗风装置的另一端和轨道相连,轨道分为凹槽轨道和T型轨道2种类型,S型抗风装置一端都是固定在支架B上,另一端,在凹槽轨道当中,固定一个多边形或圆形的扣件a插入凹槽轨道内,凹槽轨道的截面是梯形,在T型轨道当中,固定一个多边形的扣件b,扣件b底部安装有滑轮,扣件b安装在T型轨道的顶部,扣件a或扣件b随同支架B转动,凹槽或T型的轨道底部都是固定在安装箱的底部,伞型太阳能电池的抗风装置只采用S型,电机的驱动,将由角度追踪控制器来控制,控制器的电子模块包括了主芯片、多轴角度传感器或倾角传感器、GPS卫星定位、时钟芯片、电机驱动的模块,角度追踪控制器平行地安装在T型支架上,方位角的调节,在1维度追踪模式当中,1日内每隔δ分钟调节一次,在2维度追踪模式当中,在上午和下午时间段内,每隔δ分钟调节一次,正午不调节,倾角的调节分为1日3次以内的几次调节或3次以上的多次调节的两种类型,角度追踪控制器采用的是无需光电传感器的非感应式追踪的工作原理,倾角的调节,在几次调节模式当中,是采用T型支架的固定倾角来调节,上、下午倾角为θ,正午的倾角为0,把θ、0的倾角和与其相对应的时间段,预先输入到控制器的记忆模块当中,当收到调节的信号时,角度追踪控制器根据θ 或0的角度值来调节T型支架的倾角;在多次调节模式当中,是采用T型支架的实时倾角来调节,在上、下午时间段内,是在δ分钟内对倾角调节λ次,正午不调节,把调节的时刻表预先输入到控制器的记忆模块当中,每次调节开始时的T型支架倾角α,都是当时的实时倾角,伞型的倾角与T型支架的倾角α相同,扇型和面板式的与T型支架之间倾角的关系ψ=90°-α,倾角α是采用多轴角度传感器模块或倾角传感器,实时检测得出的倾角,多轴角度传感器模块分为3种组合类型,分为多轴陀螺仪和多轴加速度或多轴陀螺仪和多轴角度或多轴陀螺仪和多轴加速度和多轴角度的传感器所组成的模块,当收到调节的信号时,各个组合的核心芯片利用自带的数字运动处理器经过姿态解算或卡尔曼滤波的算法,通过主接口向外输出经过算法后的倾角值α,经过模拟数字转换器转换后送入主芯片的主控制器,主控制器根据倾角值α或ψ驱动管状驱动装置旋转,带动T型支架转动α或ψ的角度,使得伞型或扇型和面板式的太阳能电池的倾角调节为α,T型支架调节后的倾角值,又再次经过模拟数字转换器转换后送入主芯片的主控制器,主控制器再根据此输入值和倾角值α或ψ相对比,来判定T型支架已经调节到位的倾角是否在误差范围内,由此完成一次倾角的调节,在正午时段,三种类型太阳能电池的倾角为0,成水平状态,此时T型支架的倾角,在扇型和面板式当中被调节变为90°,在伞型当中被调节变为0°,三种类型太阳能电池的方位角与T型支架的相同,调节的方式也都相同,把δ次调节的时刻表预先输入到控制器的记忆模块当中,当到达预定调节时刻时,角度追踪控制器接受到GPS实时定位的信息,通过主芯片的控制模块的计算,得出一个朝东或朝西的实时方位角度值φ,主控制器根据方位角φ来驱动T型支柱转动角度φ,使得三种类型太阳能电池的方位角转变为φ,方位角调节后的误差检测方式与倾角的相同,只是通过控制T型支柱的转动来完成,W、K、X是偶数的倍数值,N、F是单数或偶数的倍数值,L 1或L 2是扇形和面板式或伞型的轴A在工字型板之上的长度,其特征在于:套筒内的扇型或伞型或面板式的太阳能电池能够自动收缩和展开,并与安装箱内的追踪支架形成一体,共同组成一个1维度或2维度追踪的太阳能充电装置,扇型或伞型或面板式的太阳能电池的角度调节,将由时间计时,由角度追踪控制器控制管状驱动装置或T型支柱的转动来完成。 A vehicle-mounted solar charging device for a small car, which is composed of a tracking bracket and a solar cell. The solar cell includes two types of silicon-based solar cells and organic solar cells. The silicon-based solar cells are further divided into solar thin-film cells and solar cells. There are two types of flexible crystalline solar cells. Solar cells are divided into three types: panel type or fan type or umbrella type. Solar cells are installed on polygonal or circular textile fabrics, which are called umbrella solar cells. Panel type is to install solar cells on polygonal or circular or polygonal and non-polygonal panels, combining X panels into a fan. The assembly is called a panel-type solar cell, and the materials of the panel include stainless steel, tempered glass, and polymer organic materials. The tracking bracket includes a mounting box, a shaft, a chassis, a sleeve, a motor, a T-shaped bracket, and a tubular driving device. The tracking bracket is divided into two modes of 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking. The fan-shaped solar cells in the 1-dimensional tracking mode have two types of single-sided or double-sided installation, and the fan-shaped solar cells in the 2-dimensional tracking mode have only one side. The three types of solar cells all use the same structure of tracking brackets in the 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional mode. The fan-shaped solar cells are composed of K sets of folding combinations, and each folding combination has 2 folding surfaces. One of the folding surfaces is equipped with a skeleton in the middle, and the other is not. Among the two groups connected to each other, there is a folding surface without a skeleton between the two skeletons, that is, the two skeletons support a total of 4 folding surfaces, and the two folding surfaces There is a skeleton in the middle, and there are no other two skeletons. There are W skeletons in total. A polygonal or circular member E is fixed on the edge of each skeleton. There is a round hole in the center of the member E. The skeleton is fixed on the spring in the contracted state, and the components E are arranged in a straight line or arc shape. The installation position of the components E is divided into two types. The first one is that the components E are installed on the same side, and the two ends of the spring are respectively fixed on the On both ends of the shaft support, the second type is installed on the left and right sides of the frame respectively. A frame a in the center of the frame divides the fan-shaped solar cells into two groups of A and B, and each group has 1/2K group Folding combination and 1/2W root skeleton, skeleton a is the skeleton shared by two groups A and B, member E is installed on the left side in group A, and installed on the right side in group B, and the spring ends of each group It is respectively fixed on the shaft bracket and the skeleton a, the left and right sides of the skeleton a are equipped with components E, the shaft is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube through the shaft bracket, the top is a polygonal or circular top plate, and the skeleton a is fixed on In the center of the top plate, the axis passes through the round holes at the lower ends of all skeletons, except for skeleton a, and the rest of the skeletons are hingedly connected. The panel solar cell, when the installation position of component E, adopts the first type , the installation method of component E and spring on the edge of each panel of X panels is the same as that of fan-shaped solar cells. When the second type is used, an additional panel a is fixed in the center of the top plate, and panel a The X panels are divided into two groups of A and B, each group has 1/2X panels, the two ends of the springs of each group are respectively fixed on the shaft bracket and panel a, except for panel a, each panel passes through The round hole or ring at the lower end is hinged on the shaft, and the shaft is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube through the shaft bracket. The height of the fan-shaped and panel-shaped T-shaped hollow tube is h 1 =L 1 , and the height of the sleeve is H 1 =L 1 +η, 1/3 L 1 <η≤2/3L 1 , η is the lifting height of the T-shaped hollow tube. The umbrella-shaped solar cells are divided into two types: foldable or non-foldable. There are round holes, and the solar cells around the round holes are fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube. The top is a circular plate with annular wings. The central circular hole of the circular plate corresponds to the solar cell. The back of the solar cell is fixedly installed with an elastic steel or aluminum alloy frame, and the foldable solar cell can be folded. Each frame is divided into two sections, and the two sections are connected by a connecting member. The connecting member and the front end are fixedly connected, The rear end is hinged, and the connecting member is fixed with a magnet or the connecting member itself is a member with a ferromagnetic substance. The non-foldable solar cell cannot be folded, and each frame is not segmented. For the two types of frames, the front end is It is fixed on the edge of the umbrella-shaped solar cell, and the rear end is hinged on the wing of the circular plate. Each frame is hinged to a support rod. It is hinged in the middle of the skeleton, and the end of the support rod is hinged on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube. In the folding type, the end of the T-shaped hollow tube is installed with a magnet or a component with a ferromagnetic substance. The height of the T-shaped hollow tube is h 2 , 1/10 L 2 <h 2 ≤1/2 L 2 , the height of the sleeve H 2 , in the folding mode, 1/2 L 2 <H 2 ≤2/3 L 2 , in the non-folding mode Among them, the height of the sleeve H 2 =L 2 -h 2 , the edge of the top of the sleeve is inclined or upright, the cover of the installation box has two types of automatic type and manual type, and the automatic type cover is self-rolling For curtains, one end of the installation box is equipped with a tubular driving device and a roller blind, and the other end is installed with a reel with a spring. The roller blinds are divided into two types of textile fabrics or non-woven fabrics. The two ends of the roller blinds are respectively equipped with pull cords. The other end of the drawstring is fixed on the reel. Grooves are installed on the top of both sides of the long side of the installation box. The drawstring moves back and forth in the groove. The cover of the manual type has flip type or drawer type, and there are bolt holes at the bottom of the box. , movable installed on the brackets of group N, the two types of boxes are equipped with batteries at the bottom, and handles are installed on the outer wall, and the T-shaped hollow tube is installed on the axis A and is threaded with the axis A, and the upper and lower sides of the axis A When the T-shaped hollow tube moves up and down along the axis A, the axis A penetrates the round hole of the umbrella-shaped solar cell plate, but does not penetrate the panel-type or fan-shaped top plate. The axis A is fixed on the shaft of the motor A, and the motor A An I-shaped plate is fixed on the top of the chassis, and the lower end of the sleeve is fixed on the two wings of the I-shaped plate. The lower ends of the sleeve, the chassis, and the two wings of the I-shaped plate are all vertically fixed on the top panel of the T-shaped bracket. T-shaped The lower end of the bracket is fixed on the hollow tube of the tubular driving device. The tubular driving device includes a hollow tube, a tubular motor, a driving wheel or a gear. The driving wheel or gear is connected to the shaft of the tubular motor and fixed inside the hollow tube. The tubular motor is placed in the hollow tube. , the tubular motor is fixed on the motor base, the motor base is fixed on the fastening member, the two ends of the hollow tube are respectively connected to the runners of the fastening member, the fastening member is fixed on the bracket, and the bracket is divided into A or B Two types, in the 1-dimensional tracking mode, the bracket is type A, which is fixed at the bottom of the installation box; in the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the bracket is type B, with universal wheels installed at the bottom, and T-shaped pillars The hollow tube is fixed on the shaft C of the motor C, and the two wings are respectively fixed on the bracket B. The motor C is fixed on the bottom of the installation box through the base, and a wind resistance device is installed in the installation box. The wind resistance device is a wire rope or a chain or a beam. There are two different types of D-type and S-type. In the fan-type and panel-type modes, the two types are used at the same time. The D-type is installed on the frame or panel and sleeve, and one end is fixed on the outside. On the frame or panel, the other end is fixed on the left and right side walls of the sleeve. On each side wall, there is a gap for the entry and exit of the wind resistance device. The length is η. Counting from the top of the sleeve, each gap Both are equipped with D-type wind resistance devices. The D-type wind resistance devices have the same structure in the 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking mode. The S-type is installed in the installation box. In the 1-dimensional tracking mode, steel wire ropes or beams are used. One end is fixed on the left and right side walls of the installation box, and the other end is installed on the left and right side walls of the sleeve. In the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the other end of the wind resistance device is connected to the track. The track is divided into groove track and T-shaped track. Type, one end of the S-type wind resistance device is fixed on the bracket B, and the other end is fixed in the groove track. A polygonal or circular fastener a is inserted into the groove track. The cross section of the groove track is trapezoidal. In the T-shaped track, a polygonal fastener b is fixed, the bottom of the fastener b is equipped with a pulley, the fastener b is installed on the top of the T-shaped track, the fastener a or fastener b rotates with the bracket B, and the groove or T-shaped The bottom of the track is fixed on the bottom of the installation box. The wind resistance device of the umbrella solar cell is only S type. The drive of the motor will be controlled by the angle tracking controller. The electronic module of the controller includes the main chip, multi-axis angle sensor Or inclination sensor, GPS satellite positioning, clock chip, motor-driven module, the angle tracking controller is installed in parallel on the T-shaped bracket, the adjustment of the azimuth angle, in the 1-dimensional tracking mode, is adjusted every δ minutes within 1 day, In the 2-dimensional tracking mode, in the morning and afternoon, it is adjusted every δ minutes, and no adjustment is made at noon. One type, the angle tracking controller adopts the working principle of non-inductive tracking without photoelectric sensor. The adjustment of the inclination angle, in several adjustment modes, is adjusted by the fixed inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket, and the inclination angle in the morning and afternoon is θ , the inclination angle at noon is 0, input the inclination angle of θ, 0 and the corresponding time period into the memory module of the controller in advance, when the adjustment signal is received, the angle tracking controller will follow the angle value of θ or 0 to adjust the inclination of the T-shaped bracket; in the multi-adjustment mode, the real-time inclination of the T-shaped bracket is used to adjust. In the morning and afternoon, the inclination is adjusted λ times within δ minutes. The adjustment schedule is pre-input into the memory module of the controller. The inclination angle α of the T-shaped support at the beginning of each adjustment is the real-time inclination angle at that time. The inclination angle of the umbrella is the same as that of the T-shaped support. The sector and panel The relationship between the formula and the inclination angle between the T-shaped bracket ψ=90°-α, the inclination angle α is the inclination angle detected by the multi-axis angle sensor module or the inclination sensor in real time, and the multi-axis angle sensor module is divided into 3 types of combinations, Divided into modules composed of multi-axis gyroscope and multi-axis acceleration or multi-axis gyroscope and multi-axis angle or multi-axis gyroscope and multi-axis acceleration and multi-axis angle sensors, when receiving the adjusted signal, each combined The core chip uses the built-in digital motion processor to calculate the attitude or the Kalman filter algorithm, and output the inclination value α after the algorithm through the main interface, and send it to the main controller of the main chip after being converted by the analog-to-digital converter , the main controller drives the tubular driving device to rotate according to the inclination value α or ψ, and drives the T-shaped bracket to rotate the angle of α or ψ, so that the inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped or fan-shaped and panel-type solar cells is adjusted to α. After the T-shaped bracket is adjusted The inclination value is sent to the main controller of the main chip after being converted by the analog-to-digital converter. The main controller then compares the input value with the inclination value α or ψ to determine whether the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket has been adjusted in place. Within the error range, an adjustment of the inclination angle is completed. At noon, the inclination angles of the three types of solar cells are 0 and are in a horizontal state. At this time, the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket is adjusted to become 90°, which is adjusted to 0° in the umbrella type. The azimuth angles of the three types of solar cells are the same as those of the T-shaped bracket, and the adjustment methods are also the same. The δ-time adjustment schedule is pre-input into the memory of the controller Among the modules, when the scheduled adjustment time is reached, the angle tracking controller receives the GPS real-time positioning information, and through the calculation of the control module of the main chip, a real-time azimuth angle value φ facing east or west is obtained, and the main controller according to The azimuth φ is used to drive the rotation angle φ of the T-shaped pillar, so that the azimuth angle of the three types of solar cells is changed to φ. The error detection method after the azimuth adjustment is the same as that of the inclination angle, but it is completed by controlling the rotation of the T-shaped pillar. W , K, X are multiples of even numbers, N, F are multiples of odd or even numbers, L 1 or L 2 is the length of the fan-shaped and panel-type or umbrella-shaped axis A above the I-shaped plate, and it is characterized in that : The fan-shaped or umbrella-shaped or panel-shaped solar cells in the sleeve can automatically shrink and expand, and are integrated with the tracking bracket in the installation box to form a 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking solar charging device, fan-shaped or The angle adjustment of the umbrella-type or panel-type solar cells will be counted by time, and the angle tracking controller will control the rotation of the tubular driving device or the T-shaped pillar to complete.
有益效果Beneficial effect
本发明的一种小型车用的车载太阳能充电装置,缓解了新能源汽车的续航里程的不足、解决了小型车用的太阳能充电装置不仅能够追日,而且具有实用价值的技术难题。The vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small cars of the present invention alleviates the shortage of cruising range of new energy vehicles, and solves the technical problem that the solar charging device for small cars can not only track the sun, but also has practical value.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为扇型太阳能电池的收纳状态时的平面俯视图:符号1为安装箱,符号2为T型 支架,符号3为固定的支架A,符号4是电机A,符号5为管状驱动装置,符号6为套筒,符号7为T型空心管,符号8为轴A,符号9为轴支架,符号10/11分别为扇型太阳能电池的/面板式太阳能电池;图2为扇型太阳能电池的1维度追踪装置中安装有骨架a的正视图:符号12为内侧骨架,符号13a为骨架a,符号13为外侧骨架,符号14为扇型太阳能电池,符号15为弹簧,符号16为铰接连接骨架的轴,符号17为D型抗风装置,符号18为工字型板,符号19为工字型板的翼,符号20为1维度追踪模式的S型抗风装置,符号21为电机A的机箱,符号22为蓄电池;图3为扇型太阳能电池的2维度追踪装置中安装有骨架a的正视图:符号23为T型支柱,符号24为2维度追踪模式的S型抗风装置,符号25为凹槽或T型的轨道,符号26为万向轮,符号27/28为电机C/机座C,符号29为电机轴C,符号30为支架B;图4为扇型的太阳能电池的1维度或2维度追踪装置的侧视图:符号31为固定弹簧的构件E;图5为面板式太阳能电池的1维度追踪装置中安装有骨架a的正视图:符号32为面板式太阳能电池或铰接的外侧面板,符号32a为面板a,符号33为面板式太阳能电池或内侧面板;图6为非折叠式的伞型太阳能电池收纳状态时的平面俯视图:符号34为T型空心管,符号35为套筒,符号36为T型空心管顶部带有环形翼的圆板,符号37为托架,符号38为伞型太阳能电池,符号39为套筒顶部倾斜的边缘;图7为伞型太阳能电池的1维度追踪装置的正视图:符号40为支撑杆,符号41为骨架;图8为伞型太阳能电池的1维度追踪装置的侧视图;图9为伞型太阳能电池的2维度追踪装置的正视图,图10为T型轨道和扣件b的示意图:符号42为扣件b,符号43为滑轮。Fig. 1 is a plane top view of fan-shaped solar cells in a storage state: symbol 1 is an installation box, symbol 2 is a T-shaped bracket, symbol 3 is a fixed bracket A, symbol 4 is a motor A, symbol 5 is a tubular driving device, symbol 6 is a sleeve, symbol 7 is a T-shaped hollow tube, symbol 8 is axis A, symbol 9 is a shaft support, symbols 10/11 are fan-shaped solar cells/panel-type solar cells respectively; Figure 2 is fan-shaped solar cells The front view of the skeleton a installed in the 1D tracking device: symbol 12 is the inner skeleton, symbol 13a is the skeleton a, symbol 13 is the outer skeleton, symbol 14 is the fan-shaped solar cell, symbol 15 is the spring, and symbol 16 is the hinged connection skeleton The shaft, the symbol 17 is the D-type wind resistance device, the symbol 18 is the I-shaped plate, the symbol 19 is the wing of the I-shaped plate, the symbol 20 is the S-type wind resistance device in the 1-dimensional tracking mode, and the symbol 21 is the motor A Chassis, symbol 22 is the storage battery; Fig. 3 is the front view of the frame a installed in the 2-dimensional tracking device of fan-shaped solar cells: symbol 23 is the T-shaped pillar, symbol 24 is the S-shaped wind resistance device in the 2-dimensional tracking mode, symbol 25 is a groove or T-shaped track, symbol 26 is a universal wheel, symbol 27/28 is motor C/base C, symbol 29 is motor shaft C, symbol 30 is bracket B; Figure 4 is a fan-shaped solar cell The side view of the 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking device: symbol 31 is the component E of the fixed spring; FIG. The hinged outer panel, the symbol 32a is the panel a, the symbol 33 is the panel solar cell or the inner panel; Fig. 6 is a plane top view of the non-folding umbrella solar cell when it is stored: the symbol 34 is a T-shaped hollow tube, and the symbol 35 It is a sleeve, symbol 36 is a round plate with annular wings on the top of a T-shaped hollow tube, symbol 37 is a bracket, symbol 38 is an umbrella-shaped solar cell, and symbol 39 is an inclined edge at the top of the sleeve; Figure 7 is an umbrella-shaped solar cell The front view of the 1-dimensional tracking device of the battery: the symbol 40 is a support rod, and the symbol 41 is a skeleton; Fig. 8 is a side view of the 1-dimensional tracking device of an umbrella-shaped solar cell; Fig. 9 is a side view of a 2-dimensional tracking device of an umbrella-shaped solar cell Front view, Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the T-shaped track and the fastener b: the symbol 42 is the fastener b, and the symbol 43 is the pulley.
本发明的最佳实施方式BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
参阅图1、2、4、5,为扇型或面板式的1维度追踪模式,扇型或面板式的太阳能电池14/31、32安装在骨架12、13或面板32、33上,一根轴16通过轴支架9固定在T型空心管7的顶端上,骨架或面板12、13/32、33的下端与轴16铰接连接,在骨架12、13或面板32、33的边缘上固定构件31,弹簧15穿过每个构件31后,并把骨架或面板固定在弹簧15上,构件31的安装位置,如果是第一种类型时,则弹簧15的两端分别固定在轴支架9上,如果是第二种类型时,则弹簧15的两端分别固定在轴支架9和骨架13a或面板32a上,外侧的骨架或面板13或32安装有抗风装置17,抗风装置17的另一端固定在套筒6上,T型空心管7与轴8通过螺纹连接,轴8固定在电机4的轴上,电机4的机箱21上固定工字型板18,套筒6固定在工字型板18的两翼上,套筒6、工字型板18的两翼、机箱21都是固定在T型支架2上,抗风装置20一端固定在安装箱侧壁,另一端铰接安装在套筒6上,T型支架2固定在管状驱动装置5上,管状驱动装置5固定在支架3上,支架3固定于安装箱2的底面,角 度追踪控制器平行地安装在T型支架2上,把角度追踪控制器和电机4以及蓄电池之间的防水公母接头相互对接,由此构成一个调节倾角的1维度追踪的太阳能发电装置。Referring to Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5, it is a fan-type or panel-type 1-dimensional tracking mode. The fan-type or panel-type solar cells 14/31, 32 are installed on the skeleton 12, 13 or panels 32, 33, and one The shaft 16 is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow pipe 7 by the shaft bracket 9, the lower end of the skeleton or the panel 12, 13/32, 33 is hingedly connected with the shaft 16, and the components are fixed on the edge of the skeleton 12, 13 or the panel 32, 33 31. After the spring 15 passes through each member 31, and fix the skeleton or panel on the spring 15, the installation position of the member 31, if it is the first type, the two ends of the spring 15 are respectively fixed on the shaft bracket 9 , if it is the second type, then the two ends of the spring 15 are respectively fixed on the shaft support 9 and the skeleton 13a or the panel 32a, the skeleton or the panel 13 or 32 of the outside are equipped with a wind-resistant device 17, and the other of the wind-resistant device 17 One end is fixed on the sleeve 6, the T-shaped hollow tube 7 and the shaft 8 are threaded, the shaft 8 is fixed on the shaft of the motor 4, the I-shaped plate 18 is fixed on the chassis 21 of the motor 4, and the sleeve 6 is fixed on the I-shaped On the two wings of the template 18, the sleeve 6, the two wings of the I-shaped panel 18, and the chassis 21 are all fixed on the T-shaped bracket 2. One end of the wind resistance device 20 is fixed on the side wall of the installation box, and the other end is hingedly installed on the sleeve. 6, the T-shaped bracket 2 is fixed on the tubular driving device 5, the tubular driving device 5 is fixed on the bracket 3, the bracket 3 is fixed on the bottom surface of the installation box 2, and the angle tracking controller is installed on the T-shaped bracket 2 in parallel. The waterproof male and female joints between the angle tracking controller, the motor 4 and the storage battery are docked with each other, thereby forming a 1-dimensional tracking solar power generation device for adjusting the inclination.
参阅图1、3、10,为扇型或面板式的2维度追踪模式,支架30之上的1维度追踪模式的结构及安装方式与上述的相同,参阅0008段。在2维度追踪模式当中,支架30的底部安装有万向轮26,内侧固定有T型支柱23,T型支柱23的中间空心管固定在电机27的电机轴29上,电机27通过机座28固定在安装箱1的底部,安装箱1的底面固定有连接抗风装置24的轨道25,抗风装置24上端固定在支架30上,下端扣在轨道25内滑动,由此构成一个调节倾角和方位角的2维度追踪的太阳能发电装置。Referring to Figures 1, 3, and 10, it is a fan-shaped or panel-type 2-dimensional tracking mode. The structure and installation method of the 1-dimensional tracking mode on the bracket 30 are the same as above, see paragraph 0008. In the 2-dimensional tracking mode, universal wheels 26 are installed on the bottom of the bracket 30, and T-shaped pillars 23 are fixed inside. The middle hollow tube of the T-shaped pillars 23 is fixed on the motor shaft 29 of the motor 27, and the motor 27 passes through the base 28. Fixed on the bottom of the installation box 1, the bottom surface of the installation box 1 is fixed with a track 25 connected to the wind-resistant device 24, the upper end of the wind-resistant device 24 is fixed on the bracket 30, and the lower end is buckled to slide in the track 25, thereby forming an adjustment angle and Azimuthal 2D tracking of solar power installations.
参阅图6、7、8,为伞型的1维度追踪模式,伞型太阳能电池38的中央固定在圆板36上,其背面固定安装骨架41,骨架41的一端固定在伞型太阳能电池38的边缘,另一端铰接在圆板36的周边,在骨架41中部铰接一根支撑杆40,支撑杆40的另一端铰接在T型空心管34上,T型空心管34与轴8通过螺纹连接,轴8固定在电机4上,电机4的机箱上固定工字型板18,其余的工字型板18和套筒35以及套筒35固定在1维度追踪支架的方式、抗风装置20的安装方式与扇型的相同,参阅0009段。Referring to Figures 6, 7, and 8, it is an umbrella-shaped 1-dimensional tracking mode. The center of the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is fixed on the circular plate 36, and a skeleton 41 is fixedly installed on the back thereof. One end of the skeleton 41 is fixed on the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38. edge, the other end is hinged on the periphery of the circular plate 36, and a support rod 40 is hinged in the middle part of the skeleton 41, and the other end of the support rod 40 is hinged on the T-shaped hollow tube 34, and the T-shaped hollow tube 34 and the shaft 8 are connected by threads. The shaft 8 is fixed on the motor 4, the I-shaped plate 18 is fixed on the chassis of the motor 4, and the rest of the I-shaped plate 18, the sleeve 35 and the sleeve 35 are fixed on the 1-dimensional tracking bracket and the installation of the wind resistance device 20 The method is the same as that of the fan type, see paragraph 0009.
参阅图9-10,为伞型的2维度追踪模式,伞型的安装参阅0009段,其在支架30上安装的1维度追踪模式的结构与上述的相同,参阅0008,在2维度追踪模式当中,2维度追踪支架的结构和安装方式与上述相同,参阅0009段。Refer to Figure 9-10, which is the 2-dimensional tracking mode of the umbrella type. For the installation of the umbrella type, refer to paragraph 0009. The structure of the 1-dimensional tracking mode installed on the bracket 30 is the same as the above. Refer to 0008, in the 2-dimensional tracking mode. , the structure and installation method of the 2-dimensional tracking bracket are the same as above, refer to paragraph 0009.
本发明的实施方式Embodiments of the present invention
参阅图1、2、4、5,为扇型或面板式的1维度追踪模式,把安装箱固定在车顶的行李架或地面上,安装箱2的前端朝向东面,当安装箱采用自动型时,采用遥控器启动安装箱的管状驱动装置的开关,驱动卷帘收缩,另一端盖子卷轴上的弹簧被拉绳拉紧。打开角度追踪控制器的开关,则首先控制管状驱动装置5驱动T型支架2的顶板由垂直状态变成水平状态,此时在弹簧15收紧的作用下,骨架或面板12、13或32、33和扇型或面板式的太阳能电池处于收缩状态,在角度追踪控制器的控制下,骨架或面板12、13或32、33,以及抗风装置17都随着T型空心管7向上移动,而抗风装置17与套筒6连接的另一端是固定不动,则骨架或面板12、13或32、33和扇型或面板式的太阳能电池在上升过程当中,外侧的骨架或面板13或32被左右两侧的抗风装置17拉动向左右两侧扩展,而弹簧则在外侧的骨架或面板13或32的带动下也向左右两侧扩展,则拉动内侧的骨架12或面板33也逐渐的向左右两侧展开,当T型空心管7的顶部与套筒6齐平时,抗风装置17被向上完全绷紧后T型空心管7停止上行,则骨架或面板12、13或32、33被拉到位,使得扇型或面板式的太阳能电池完全展开。 1维度追踪的倾角调节只是采用几次调节模式,上午时段,角度追踪控制器控制管状驱动装置5转动使得T型支架2倾斜成预定的角度θ,则带动扇型或面板式的太阳能电池朝东并倾斜,至到中午时刻到来都是处于倾斜状态,参阅图4,在中午时段,控制管状驱动装置5转动使得T型支架2的顶部与地面成垂直状态,则带动扇型太阳能电池变成与地面平行,如果只有单面安装了太阳能电池的,则平行的状态保持到结束,如果是双面安装有太阳能电池的情形,则在下午时段,跟上午时段一样的操作,使得扇型或面板式的太阳能电池朝西并倾斜。收纳时,首先调整扇型或面板式的太阳能电池与地面垂直,在角度追踪控制器的控制下,骨架或面板12、13或32、33随着T型空心管7向下移动的同时,绷紧的抗风装置17开始松弛,原本张开的弹簧15也逐渐收缩带动骨架或面板12、13或32、33和扇型或面板式的太阳能电池的下端往回收缩到套筒6内,当T型空心管7到达预定位置后,电机4的电源关闭和自锁不动,管状驱动装置5驱动T型支架2的顶板由水平变成与地面垂直的状态,参阅图1,关上安装箱的盖子。Refer to Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5, which are fan-type or panel-type 1-dimensional tracking modes. Fix the installation box on the luggage rack on the roof or on the ground. The front end of the installation box 2 faces east. When the installation box adopts automatic When using the remote control to start the switch of the tubular driving device of the installation box, the roller blind is driven to shrink, and the spring on the reel of the cover at the other end is pulled tight by the pull cord. Open the switch of the angle tracking controller, then at first control the top plate of the tubular driving device 5 to drive the T-shaped support 2 from a vertical state to a horizontal state, at this moment, under the tightening effect of the spring 15, the skeleton or the panel 12, 13 or 32, 33 and the fan-shaped or panel-type solar cells are in contraction state, under the control of the angle tracking controller, the skeleton or panels 12, 13 or 32, 33, and the wind resistance device 17 all move upwards along with the T-shaped hollow tube 7, And the other end that anti-wind device 17 is connected with sleeve 6 is fixed, then skeleton or panel 12,13 or 32,33 and fan-type or panel type solar cell are in the process of rising, the framework of outside or panel 13 or 32 is pulled by the wind-resistant devices 17 on the left and right sides to expand to the left and right sides, and the spring is also expanded to the left and right sides under the drive of the outer skeleton or panel 13 or 32, and the framework 12 or panel 33 of the pulling inner side is also gradually expanded. When the top of the T-shaped hollow tube 7 is flush with the sleeve 6, the T-shaped hollow tube 7 stops going up after the wind-resistant device 17 is fully tightened upwards, and then the skeleton or panel 12, 13 or 32, 33 is pulled into place so that the fan-type or panel-type solar cells are fully deployed. The inclination adjustment of 1-dimensional tracking only adopts several adjustment modes. In the morning, the angle tracking controller controls the rotation of the tubular driving device 5 to make the T-shaped bracket 2 tilt to a predetermined angle θ, which drives the fan-type or panel-type solar cells to face east And tilt, until the arrival of the noon time is all in a tilted state, referring to Fig. 4, in the noon period, the control tubular driving device 5 rotates so that the top of the T-shaped support 2 becomes vertical to the ground, and then the fan-shaped solar cells are driven to become The ground is parallel. If only one side is installed with solar cells, the parallel state will be maintained until the end. If there are solar cells installed on both sides, then in the afternoon, the operation is the same as that in the morning, so that the fan type or panel type The solar cells are facing west and tilted. When storing, first adjust the fan-shaped or panel-type solar cells to be perpendicular to the ground, and under the control of the angle tracking controller, the skeleton or panels 12, 13 or 32, 33 move downward with the T-shaped hollow tube 7, stretching The tight wind-resistant device 17 begins to relax, and the originally opened spring 15 also shrinks gradually to drive the lower end of the skeleton or panels 12, 13 or 32, 33 and fan-shaped or panel-type solar cells to shrink back into the sleeve 6, when After the T-shaped hollow tube 7 arrived at the predetermined position, the power supply of the motor 4 was turned off and self-locked, and the top plate of the T-shaped support 2 driven by the tubular driving device 5 changed from horizontal to a state perpendicular to the ground. Referring to Fig. 1, close the mounting box cover.
参阅图1、3、10,为扇型或面板式的2维度追踪模式,当安装箱采用手动型时,螺栓穿过安装箱底面的螺栓孔固定在N组的支架上,支架固定在地面上,手动打开箱盖子。扇型或面板式的太阳能电池的展开方式与0008段相同,扇型或面板式太阳能电池完全展开后,首先调节方位角,角度追踪控制器根据其内的储存模块中预先输入的方位角调节时间表,由电机27驱动轴29转动并带动T型支柱23的旋转,推动带有万向轮26的支架30的转动,支架30上的T型支架2随着支架30的转动,转向东面或西面的方向,抗风装置24扣在轨道25内,也随着支架30作圆周运动,由此完成方位角的调节,之后调节倾角。倾角调节模式有2种类型,当工作为几次调节的模式时,具体的倾角调节方式参阅0012段。当工作为多次调节的模式时,当上午或下午到达预定的调节时刻时,多轴角度传感器或倾角传感器输出的实时倾角值α,根据ψ=90°-α,把计算出的ψ倾角经过模拟数字转换器转换后送入主芯片的主控制器,主控制器根据倾角值ψ驱动管状驱动装置5旋转,带动T型支架2转动ψ的角度,使得扇型和面板式的倾角调节为α,T型支架2调节后的倾角值,又再次经过模拟数字转换器转换后送入主芯片的主控制器,主控制器再根据此输入值和倾角值ψ相对比,来判定T型支架2已经调节到位的倾角是否在误差范围内,并据此来控制管状驱动装置5的控制模块,由此完成一次倾角的调节,当到达预定正午的调节时刻时,T型支架2的倾角被调节变为90°,使得扇型和面板式的太阳能电池的倾角调节为0,呈现水平状态后静止不到,直至下午调节时刻到来为止,方位角调节后的误差检测方式与倾角的相同,只是通过控制T型支柱23的转动来完成。收纳时,扇型和面板式的太阳能电池的收纳方式与0012段的相同,然后扣好盖子, 把安装箱放入汽车的后备箱内。Refer to Figures 1, 3, and 10, which are fan-type or panel-type 2-dimensional tracking modes. When the installation box is a manual type, the bolts pass through the bolt holes on the bottom of the installation box and are fixed on the brackets of N groups, and the brackets are fixed on the ground. , open the box lid manually. The fan-type or panel-type solar cells are deployed in the same way as paragraph 0008. After the fan-type or panel-type solar cells are fully deployed, first adjust the azimuth angle, and the angle tracking controller adjusts the time according to the azimuth angle pre-input in the storage module. Table, rotate by motor 27 drive shaft 29 and drive the rotation of T-shaped pillar 23, promote the rotation of support 30 with universal wheel 26, T-shaped support 2 on the support 30 turns to east or In the west direction, the anti-wind device 24 is buckled in the track 25 and moves in a circle along with the bracket 30, thereby completing the adjustment of the azimuth angle, and then adjusting the inclination angle. There are 2 types of inclination adjustment modes. When working in the mode of several adjustments, please refer to paragraph 0012 for the specific inclination adjustment method. When working in the mode of multiple adjustments, when the scheduled adjustment time is reached in the morning or afternoon, the real-time inclination value α output by the multi-axis angle sensor or inclination sensor, according to ψ=90°-α, the calculated ψ inclination is passed through After conversion by the analog-to-digital converter, it is sent to the main controller of the main chip. The main controller drives the tubular driving device 5 to rotate according to the inclination value ψ, and drives the T-shaped bracket 2 to rotate the angle of ψ, so that the inclination angle of the fan type and the panel type is adjusted to α , the adjusted inclination value of the T-shaped bracket 2 is sent to the main controller of the main chip after being converted by the analog-to-digital converter again, and the main controller judges the T-shaped bracket 2 according to the comparison between the input value and the inclination value ψ Whether the angle of inclination that has been adjusted in place is within the error range, and control the control module of the tubular driving device 5 accordingly, thereby completing an adjustment of the inclination angle. It is 90°, so that the inclination angle of fan-type and panel-type solar cells is adjusted to 0, and it will not stand still after being in a horizontal state until the adjustment time arrives in the afternoon. The error detection method after azimuth adjustment is the same as that of inclination angle, only through The rotation of T-shaped pillar 23 is finished. When storing, the storage method of the fan-type and panel-type solar cells is the same as that of paragraph 0012, then fasten the cover and put the installation box into the trunk of the car.
参阅图6、7、8,为伞型的1维度追踪模式,把安装箱固定在车顶的行李架或地面上,安装箱2的前端朝向东面,当安装箱采用自动型时,采用遥控器启动安装箱的端头盖子的管状驱动装置的开关,驱动卷帘收缩,另一端盖子卷轴上的弹簧被拉绳拉紧,再启动角度追踪控制器的开关,控制管状驱动装置5驱动T型支架2的顶板由垂直状态变成水平状态后,管状驱动装置5的电机将关闭并自锁不动,角度追踪控制器再控制电机4驱动轴8转动,T型空心管34将会往上移动,推动支撑杆40和骨架41也向上移动,在折叠式中,连接构件和T型空心管34分离,伞型太阳能电池38被推出套筒35外逐渐展开,当T型空心管34顶部与轴8顶端齐平时,伞型太阳能电池38完全展开呈现水平状态,1维度追踪的倾角调节采用几次调节的模式,在上午时段,控制管状驱动装置5转动使得T型支架2倾角为θ,则带动伞型太阳能电池38倾角为θ,朝东并倾斜,参阅图8,至到中午时刻到来都是处于倾斜状态,在此期间管状驱动装置5的电机将关闭并自锁不动,在中午时段,控制管状驱动装置5转动使得T型支架2成水平状,使得伞型太阳能电池38的倾角为0,变成与地面平行,参阅图7,在下午时段,跟上午时段一样的操作,使得伞型太阳能电池38倾角为θ,朝西并倾斜。收纳时,角度追踪控制器再控制驱动管状驱动装置5驱动T型支架2把伞型太阳能电池38变成水平状态,角度追踪控制器再控制电机4驱动轴8转动,T型空心管34将会往下移动,拉动支撑杆40和骨架41也向下移动,在折叠式中,骨架被分成两段,连接构件和T型空心管34的磁铁吸附在一起,伞型太阳能电池38被收拢为一体,伞型太阳能电池38逐渐收缩被拉入套筒35内,当T型空心管34到达预定位置后,电机4的电源关闭和自锁不动,角度追踪控制器再控制驱动装置5驱动T型支架2的顶板由水平变成与地面垂直的状态后,驱动装置5的电源关闭和自锁不动,参阅图6,启动安装箱内的管状驱动装置的电源开关推出卷帘,则弹簧收缩并通过拉绳把卷帘拉回闭合上盖子。Refer to Figures 6, 7, and 8, which are umbrella-shaped 1-dimensional tracking modes. Fix the installation box on the luggage rack on the roof or on the ground. The front end of the installation box 2 faces east. When the installation box is automatic, use the remote control The device starts the switch of the tubular driving device of the end cover of the installation box, drives the roller blind to shrink, the spring on the other end of the cover reel is tightened by the pull rope, and then starts the switch of the angle tracking controller to control the tubular driving device 5 to drive the T-shaped After the top plate of the bracket 2 changes from the vertical state to the horizontal state, the motor of the tubular driving device 5 will be closed and self-locked, and the angle tracking controller will control the motor 4 to drive the shaft 8 to rotate, and the T-shaped hollow pipe 34 will move upwards , push the support bar 40 and the skeleton 41 to move upwards. In the folded type, the connecting member and the T-shaped hollow tube 34 are separated, and the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is pushed out of the sleeve 35 and gradually expanded. When the top of the T-shaped hollow tube 34 is in contact with the shaft 8 When the tops are flush, the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is fully unfolded and presents a horizontal state. The inclination adjustment of the 1-dimensional tracking adopts the mode of several adjustments. Umbrella solar cell 38 inclination angle is θ, facing east and tilting, referring to Fig. 8, it is all in a tilting state until noon, during which the motor of tubular driving device 5 will be closed and self-locked, and at noon, Control the rotation of the tubular driving device 5 so that the T-shaped bracket 2 becomes horizontal, so that the inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is 0 and becomes parallel to the ground. Referring to Fig. 7, in the afternoon, the same operation as the morning period makes the umbrella-shaped The solar cell 38 has an inclination angle of θ, faces west and is inclined. When storing, the angle tracking controller controls and drives the tubular driving device 5 to drive the T-shaped bracket 2 to turn the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 into a horizontal state, and the angle tracking controller controls the motor 4 to drive the shaft 8 to rotate, and the T-shaped hollow tube 34 will be Moving down, pulling the support bar 40 and the skeleton 41 also moves downward. In the folding type, the skeleton is divided into two sections, the connecting member and the magnet of the T-shaped hollow tube 34 are adsorbed together, and the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is folded into one , the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 shrinks gradually and is pulled into the sleeve 35. When the T-shaped hollow tube 34 reaches a predetermined position, the power supply of the motor 4 is turned off and self-locked, and the angle tracking controller controls the driving device 5 to drive the T-shaped tube. After the top plate of the support 2 is changed from horizontal to the state perpendicular to the ground, the power supply of the driving device 5 is turned off and self-locked. Referring to Fig. 6, start the power switch of the tubular driving device in the installation box to push out the roller blind, then the spring shrinks and Pull the roller blind back to close the upper cover by means of the pull cord.
参阅图1、9、10,为伞型的2维度追踪模式,在2维度追踪模式当中,2维度追踪支架的结构和安装方式与上述相同,参阅0009段。伞型太阳能电池38的展开方式参阅0014段,方位角的调节与扇型的相同,参阅0013段。几次调节模式的倾角调节方式参阅0014段,多次调节工作模式的倾角调节,多轴角度传感器或倾角传感器输出的倾角值α经过模拟数字转换器转换后送入主芯片的主控制器,主控制器根据倾角值α驱动管状驱动装置5旋转,带动T型支架2转动α的角度,使得伞型的倾角调节为α,T型支架2调节后的倾角值,又再次经过模拟数字转换器转换后送入主芯片的主控制器,主控制器再根据此输入值和倾角值α相对比,来判定T型支架2已经调节到位的倾角是否在误差范围内,并据此来控制管状驱动装 置5的控制模块,由此完成一次倾角的调节。当到达预定正午的调节时刻时,T型支架2的倾角被调节变为0°,使得伞型太阳能电池38的倾角调节为0°,呈现水平状态后静止不到,直至下午调节时刻到来为止,收纳方式参阅0013或0014段。Refer to Figures 1, 9, and 10, which are umbrella-shaped 2-dimensional tracking modes. In the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the structure and installation method of the 2-dimensional tracking bracket are the same as above, see paragraph 0009. Refer to paragraph 0014 for the deployment method of the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38, and refer to paragraph 0013 for the adjustment of the azimuth angle as for the fan type. Refer to paragraph 0014 for the inclination adjustment method of several adjustment modes. In the inclination adjustment of the multiple adjustment mode, the inclination value α output by the multi-axis angle sensor or the inclination sensor is converted by the analog-to-digital converter and sent to the main controller of the main chip. The controller drives the tubular driving device 5 to rotate according to the inclination value α, and drives the T-shaped bracket 2 to rotate by an angle of α, so that the inclination angle of the umbrella is adjusted to α, and the adjusted inclination value of the T-shaped bracket 2 is converted by an analog-to-digital converter again Then send it to the main controller of the main chip, and then compare the input value with the inclination value α to determine whether the adjusted inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket 2 is within the error range, and control the tubular driving device accordingly 5, thus completing the adjustment of an inclination angle. When arriving at the adjustment moment scheduled for noon, the inclination angle of the T-shaped support 2 is adjusted to 0°, so that the inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is adjusted to 0°, and it will not be stationary after presenting a horizontal state until the adjustment time arrives in the afternoon. See paragraph 0013 or 0014 for storage methods.
工业实用性Industrial Applicability
本发明的一种小型车用的车载太阳能充电装置,使得套筒内的伞型或扇型或面板式的太阳能电池能够自动收缩和展开,并且能够与安装箱内的追踪支架共同构建成一个无需光电传感器的1维度和2维度追踪型的太阳能充电装置,提高了发电的效率,减少了对市电的使用量,缓解了新能源汽车续航里程不足的问题,更是解决了新能源汽车中,小型车用的车载太阳能充电装置不仅要能够追日,而且要具有实用价值的新能源汽车领域内的技术难题,本发明的发电效率比目前固定安装模式的平均多增加40%以上,为碳中和后时代新能源汽车领域的可持续发展,起到了积极的有益的效果。A vehicle-mounted solar charging device for a small car of the present invention enables the umbrella-shaped or fan-shaped or panel-shaped solar cells in the sleeve to automatically shrink and unfold, and can be constructed together with the tracking bracket in the installation box to form an The 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional tracking solar charging device of the photoelectric sensor improves the efficiency of power generation, reduces the use of mains power, alleviates the problem of insufficient mileage of new energy vehicles, and solves the problem of new energy vehicles. The on-board solar charging device for small cars must not only be able to track the sun, but also have practical value in the field of new energy vehicles. The power generation efficiency of the present invention is increased by more than 40% compared with the average of the current fixed installation mode, which is a carbon-neutral It has played a positive and beneficial effect on the sustainable development of the field of new energy vehicles in the post-era era.

Claims (1)

  1. 一种小型车用的车载太阳能充电装置,其由追踪支架和太阳能电池所构成,太阳能电池包括了硅基太阳能电池和有机太阳能电池两种类型,其中的硅基太阳能电池又分为太阳能薄膜电池和柔性晶体太阳能电池的两种类型,太阳能电池分为面板式或扇型或伞型三种类型,扇型是太阳能电池安装在扇型的纺织面料上,称为扇型太阳能电池,伞型是在多边形或圆形的纺织面料上安装太阳能电池,称为伞型太阳能电池,面板式是在多边形或圆形或多边形和非多边形组合体的面板上安装太阳能电池,把X块面板组合成一个扇型组合体,称为面板式太阳能电池,面板的材料包括不锈钢、钢化玻璃、高分子有机材料,追踪支架包括了安装箱、轴、机箱、套筒、电机、T型支架、管状驱动装置,所述的追踪支架分为1维度或2维度追踪的两种模式,1维度追踪模式的扇型太阳能电池安装有单面或双面的两种类型,2维度追踪模式的扇型太阳能电池只有单面,三种类型的太阳能电池在1维度或2维度的模式都是采用同一种结构的追踪支架,所述的扇型太阳能电池共由K组折叠组合所构成,每个折叠组合有2个折叠面,其中一个折叠面的中间安装有骨架,另一个则无,彼此相连的2组当中,两根骨架之间隔着无骨架的折叠面,即,两根骨架共支撑4个折叠面,两个折叠面中有根骨架,另外两个则无,骨架共有W根,每根骨架的边缘上固定有多边形或圆形的构件E,构件E中心有圆孔,弹簧穿过构件E圆孔并把每根骨架固定在收缩状态下的弹簧上,构件E排列成直线或圆弧形状,构件E的安装位置分为两种类型,第一种是构件E安装在同一侧,弹簧的两端是分别固定在轴支架的两端上,第二种是分别安装在骨架的左右两侧,骨架中央的1根骨架a把扇型太阳能电池分为A和B的两组,每组中有1/2K组的折叠组合和1/2W根的骨架,骨架a为A和B两组共用的骨架,构件E,在A组是安装在左侧,在B组是安装在右侧,每一组的弹簧两端是分别固定在轴支架和骨架a上,骨架a左右两侧都安装有构件E,轴通过轴支架固定在T型空心管的顶端,顶端是块多边形或圆形的顶板,骨架a是固定在顶板的中央,轴穿过所有骨架的下端的圆孔,除了骨架a之外,和其余的骨架是铰接连接,所述的面板式太阳能电池,当构件E的安装位置,是采用第一种类型时,X块面板的每片面板边缘上的构件E、弹簧的安装方式与扇型太阳能电池的相同,当是采用第二种类型时,增加1块面板a固定在顶板的中央,面板a把X块面板分为A和B的两组,每组中有1/2X块面板,每一组的弹簧两 端是分别固定在轴支架和面板a上,除了面板a之外,每块面板通过下端的圆孔或圆环铰接在轴上,轴通过轴支架固定在T型空心管的顶端,扇形和面板式的T型空心管的高度h1=L1,套筒的高度H1=L1+η,1/3L1<η≤2/3L1,η是T型空心管升降的高度,所述的伞型太阳能电池,分为折叠式或非折叠式两种类型,两者中心都开有圆孔,圆孔周边的太阳能电池固定在T型空心管的顶部,顶部是块带有环形翼的圆板,圆板的中心圆孔和太阳能电池的相对应,在伞型太阳能电池的背面固定安装具有弹性的钢质或铝合金的骨架,折叠式的太阳能电池能够折叠,其每根骨架分为两段,两段通过连接构件联成一体,连接构件和前端是固定连接,和后端是铰接连接,连接构件上固定有磁铁或连接构件本身是具有铁磁性物质的构件,非折叠式的太阳能电池不能折叠,其每根骨架不分段,两种类型的骨架,前端都是固定在伞型太阳能电池边缘,后端铰接在圆板的翼上,每根骨架铰接一根支撑杆,支撑杆的前端,在折叠式中是铰接在后段骨架的中部,在非折叠式中是铰接在骨架的中部,支撑杆的末端是铰接在T型空心管顶端,在折叠式当中的T型空心管的末端安装有磁铁或具有铁磁性物质的构件,T型空心管的高度为h2,1/10L2<h2≤1/2L2,套筒的高度H2,在折叠式模式当中,1/2L2<H2≤2/3L2,在非折叠式模式当中,套筒的高度H2=L2-h2,套筒顶端的边缘为倾斜或直立的两种形状,安装箱的盖子有自动型和手动型两种类型,自动型的盖子是自动卷帘,安装箱的一端安装有管状驱动装置和卷帘,另一端安装带有弹簧的卷轴,卷帘分为纺织面料或非纺织面料的两种类型,卷帘的两端分别安装有拉绳,拉绳的另一端固定在卷轴上,安装箱的长边两侧的顶部安装有凹槽,拉绳在凹槽内来回移动,手动型的盖子有翻盖式或抽屉式两种,箱底有螺栓孔,活动式的安装在N组的支架上,两种类型的箱底部安装有蓄电池,外壁安装有把手,所述的T型空心管安装在轴A上与轴A是螺纹连接,在轴A上下移动,T型空心管沿着轴A上下移动时,轴A贯穿伞型太阳能电池圆板的圆孔,但不贯穿面板式或扇型的顶板,轴A固定在电机A的轴上,电机A机箱顶端固定一块工字型板,套筒下端固定在工字型板的两翼上,套筒、机箱、工字型板的两翼下端都是垂直的固定在T型支架的顶部面板上,T型支架下端固定在管状驱动装置的空心管上,管状驱动装置包括空心管、管状电机、驱动轮或齿轮,驱动轮或齿轮连接在管状电机轴上并固定于空心管内侧,管状电机安放在空心管内,管状电机固 定在电机机座上,电机机座固定在紧固构件上,空心管的两端分别连接在紧固构件的转轮上,紧固构件固定在支架上,支架分为A或B两种类型,在1维度的追踪模式当中,支架为A型,其是固定在安装箱的底部,在2维度的追踪模式当中,支架为B型,其底部安装有万向轮,T型支柱的空心管固定在电机C的轴C上,两翼分别固定在支架B上,电机C通过机座固定在安装箱底部,安装箱内安装有抗风装置,抗风装置是钢丝绳或链条或梁,共有D型和S型的两种不同的类型,在扇型和面板式的模式当中,两种类型同时采用,D型是安装在骨架或面板和套筒上,其一端,是固定在外侧的骨架或面板上,另一端都是固定在套筒左右的侧壁上,在每一边的侧壁上留有抗风装置出入的缝隙,长度为η,从套筒顶端起算,每一条缝隙之处都安装有D型的抗风装置,D型抗风装置在1维度或2维度追踪模式当中的结构都相同,S型是安装在安装箱内,在1维度追踪模式当中,采用钢丝绳或梁,其一端固定在安装箱左右侧壁,另一端安装在套筒的左右侧壁,在2维度追踪模式当中,抗风装置的另一端和轨道相连,轨道分为凹槽轨道和T型轨道2种类型,S型抗风装置一端都是固定在支架B上,另一端,在凹槽轨道当中,固定一个多边形或圆形的扣件a插入凹槽轨道内,凹槽轨道的截面是梯形,在T型轨道当中,固定一个多边形的扣件b,扣件b底部安装有滑轮,扣件b安装在T型轨道的顶部,扣件a或扣件b随同支架B转动,凹槽或T型的轨道底部都是固定在安装箱的底部,伞型太阳能电池的抗风装置只采用S型,电机的驱动,将由角度追踪控制器来控制,控制器的电子模块包括了主芯片、多轴角度传感器或倾角传感器、GPS卫星定位、时钟芯片、电机驱动的模块,角度追踪控制器平行地安装在T型支架上,方位角的调节,在1维度追踪模式当中,1日内每隔δ分钟调节一次,在2维度追踪模式当中,在上午和下午时间段内,每隔δ分钟调节一次,正午不调节,倾角的调节分为1日3次以内的几次调节或3次以上的多次调节的两种类型,角度追踪控制器采用的是无需光电传感器的非感应式追踪的工作原理,倾角的调节,在几次调节模式当中,是采用T型支架的固定倾角来调节,上、下午倾角为θ,正午的倾角为0,把θ、0的倾角和与其相对应的时间段,预先输入到控制器的记忆模块当中,当收到调节的信号时,角度追踪控制器根据θ或0的角度值来调节T型支架的倾角;在多次调节模式当中,是采用T型支架的实时倾角来调节,在上、下午时间段内, 是在δ分钟内对倾角调节λ次,正午不调节,把调节的时刻表预先输入到控制器的记忆模块当中,每次调节开始时的T型支架倾角α,都是当时的实时倾角,伞型的倾角与T型支架的倾角α相同,扇型和面板式的与T型支架之间倾角的关系ψ=90°-α,倾角α是采用多轴角度传感器模块或倾角传感器,实时检测得出的倾角,多轴角度传感器模块分为3种组合类型,分为多轴陀螺仪和多轴加速度或多轴陀螺仪和多轴角度或多轴陀螺仪和多轴加速度和多轴角度的传感器所组成的模块,当收到调节的信号时,各个组合的核心芯片利用自带的数字运动处理器经过姿态解算或卡尔曼滤波的算法,通过主接口向外输出经过算法后的倾角值α,经过模拟数字转换器转换后送入主芯片的主控制器,主控制器根据倾角值α或ψ驱动管状驱动装置旋转,带动T型支架转动α或ψ的角度,使得伞型或扇型和面板式的太阳能电池的倾角调节为α,T型支架调节后的倾角值,又再次经过模拟数字转换器转换后送入主芯片的主控制器,主控制器再根据此输入值和倾角值α或ψ相对比,来判定T型支架已经调节到位的倾角是否在误差范围内,由此完成一次倾角的调节,在正午时段,三种类型太阳能电池的倾角为0,成水平状态,此时T型支架的倾角,在扇型和面板式当中被调节变为90°,在伞型当中被调节变为0°,三种类型太阳能电池的方位角与T型支架的相同,调节的方式也都相同,把δ次调节的时刻表预先输入到控制器的记忆模块当中,当到达预定调节时刻时,角度追踪控制器接受到GPS实时定位的信息,通过主芯片的控制模块的计算,得出一个朝东或朝西的实时方位角度值φ,主控制器根据方位角φ来驱动T型支柱转动角度φ,使得三种类型太阳能电池的方位角转变为φ,方位角调节后的误差检测方式与倾角的相同,只是通过控制T型支柱的转动来完成,W、K、X是偶数的倍数值,N、F是单数或偶数的倍数值,L1或L2是扇形和面板式或伞型的轴A在工字型板之上的长度,其特征在于:套筒内的扇型或伞型或面板式的太阳能电池能够自动收缩和展开,并与安装箱内的追踪支架形成一体,共同组成一个1维度或2维度追踪的太阳能充电装置,扇型或伞型或面板式的太阳能电池的角度调节,将由时间计时,由角度追踪控制器控制管状驱动装置或T型支柱的转动来完成。A vehicle-mounted solar charging device for a small car, which is composed of a tracking bracket and a solar cell. The solar cell includes two types of silicon-based solar cells and organic solar cells. The silicon-based solar cells are further divided into solar thin-film cells and solar cells. There are two types of flexible crystalline solar cells. Solar cells are divided into three types: panel type or fan type or umbrella type. Solar cells are installed on polygonal or circular textile fabrics, which are called umbrella solar cells. Panel type is to install solar cells on polygonal or circular or polygonal and non-polygonal panels, combining X panels into a fan. The assembly is called a panel-type solar cell, and the materials of the panel include stainless steel, tempered glass, and polymer organic materials. The tracking bracket includes a mounting box, a shaft, a chassis, a sleeve, a motor, a T-shaped bracket, and a tubular driving device. The tracking bracket is divided into two modes of 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking. The fan-shaped solar cells in the 1-dimensional tracking mode have two types of single-sided or double-sided installation, and the fan-shaped solar cells in the 2-dimensional tracking mode have only one side. The three types of solar cells all use the same structure of tracking brackets in the 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional mode. The fan-shaped solar cells are composed of K sets of folding combinations, and each folding combination has 2 folding surfaces. One of the folding surfaces is equipped with a skeleton in the middle, and the other is not. Among the two groups connected to each other, there is a folding surface without a skeleton between the two skeletons, that is, the two skeletons support a total of 4 folding surfaces, and the two folding surfaces There is a skeleton in the middle, and there are no other two skeletons. There are W skeletons in total. A polygonal or circular member E is fixed on the edge of each skeleton. There is a round hole in the center of the member E. The skeleton is fixed on the spring in the contracted state, and the components E are arranged in a straight line or arc shape. The installation position of the components E is divided into two types. The first one is that the components E are installed on the same side, and the two ends of the spring are respectively fixed on the On both ends of the shaft support, the second type is installed on the left and right sides of the frame respectively. A frame a in the center of the frame divides the fan-shaped solar cells into two groups of A and B, and each group has 1/2K group Folding combination and 1/2W root skeleton, skeleton a is the skeleton shared by two groups A and B, member E is installed on the left side in group A, and installed on the right side in group B, and the spring ends of each group It is respectively fixed on the shaft bracket and the skeleton a, the left and right sides of the skeleton a are equipped with components E, the shaft is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube through the shaft bracket, the top is a polygonal or circular top plate, and the skeleton a is fixed on In the center of the top plate, the axis passes through the round holes at the lower ends of all skeletons, except for skeleton a, and the rest of the skeletons are hingedly connected. The panel solar cell, when the installation position of component E, adopts the first type , the installation method of component E and spring on the edge of each panel of X panels is the same as that of fan-shaped solar cells. When the second type is used, an additional panel a is fixed in the center of the top plate, and panel a The X panels are divided into two groups of A and B, each group has 1/2X panels, the two ends of the springs of each group are respectively fixed on the shaft bracket and panel a, except for panel a, each panel passes through The round hole or ring at the lower end is hinged on the shaft, and the shaft is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube through the shaft bracket. The height of the fan-shaped and panel-shaped T-shaped hollow tube is h1=L1, and the height of the sleeve is H1=L1+η, 1/3L1<η≤2/3L1, η is the lifting height of the T-shaped hollow tube. The umbrella-shaped solar cells are divided into two types: foldable or non-foldable, both of which have a round hole in the center. The solar cells around the hole are fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube. The top is a circular plate with annular wings. The central hole of the circular plate corresponds to the solar cell. The elastic Steel or aluminum alloy frame, the foldable solar cell can be folded, each frame is divided into two sections, the two sections are connected into one body through the connecting member, the connecting member and the front end are fixedly connected, and the rear end is hingedly connected. There are magnets fixed on the components or the connecting components themselves are components with ferromagnetic substances. The non-foldable solar cells cannot be folded, and each frame is not segmented. The front ends of the two types of frames are fixed on the edge of the umbrella-shaped solar cell. , the rear end is hinged on the wing of the circular plate, and each frame is hinged to a support rod. The front end of the support rod is hinged to the middle of the rear frame in the folded type, and hinged to the middle of the frame in the non-folded type. The end of the support rod is hinged on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube, and the end of the T-shaped hollow tube in the folding type is installed with a magnet or a member with a ferromagnetic substance. The height of the T-shaped hollow tube is h2, 1/10L2<h2≤ 1/2L2, the height H2 of the sleeve, in the folding mode, 1/2L2<H2≤2/3L2, in the non-folding mode, the height of the sleeve H2=L2-h2, the edge of the top of the sleeve is inclined Or upright two shapes, the cover of the installation box has two types: automatic type and manual type. Roller, roller blinds are divided into two types of textile fabrics or non-woven fabrics, the two ends of the roller blind are respectively equipped with pull ropes, the other end of the pull rope is fixed on the reel, and the top of the long side of the installation box is installed with concave Groove, the pull rope moves back and forth in the groove, the manual type cover has flip type or drawer type, the bottom of the box has bolt holes, the movable type is installed on the bracket of N group, and the bottom of the two types of boxes is installed with batteries. The outer wall is equipped with a handle, and the T-shaped hollow tube is installed on the axis A and is threadedly connected with the axis A, and moves up and down on the axis A. When the T-shaped hollow tube moves up and down along the axis A, the axis A runs through the circle of the umbrella-shaped solar cell. The round hole of the plate, but does not go through the top plate of the panel type or fan type. The axis A is fixed on the shaft of the motor A, and an I-shaped plate is fixed on the top of the motor A chassis, and the lower end of the sleeve is fixed on the two wings of the I-shaped plate. The lower ends of the two wings of the sleeve, the chassis, and the I-shaped plate are vertically fixed on the top panel of the T-shaped bracket, and the lower end of the T-shaped bracket is fixed on the hollow tube of the tubular driving device. The tubular driving device includes a hollow tube, a tubular motor, The driving wheel or gear, the driving wheel or gear is connected to the tubular motor shaft and fixed inside the hollow tube, the tubular motor is placed in the hollow tube, the tubular motor is fixed on the motor frame, the motor frame is fixed on the fastening member, the hollow tube The two ends of the two ends are respectively connected to the runners of the fastening member. The fastening member is fixed on the bracket. The bracket is divided into two types: A or B. In the 1-dimensional tracking mode, the bracket is type A, which is fixed on the installation At the bottom of the box, in the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the bracket is B-type, and universal wheels are installed on the bottom. The hollow tube of the T-shaped pillar is fixed on the axis C of the motor C, and the two wings are respectively fixed on the bracket B. The motor C It is fixed on the bottom of the installation box through the machine base, and the wind resistance device is installed in the installation box. The wind resistance device is a wire rope or a chain or a beam. There are two different types of D type and S type. Among the fan type and panel type , the two types are used at the same time, the D type is installed on the frame or panel and the sleeve, one end is fixed on the outer frame or panel, and the other end is fixed on the left and right side walls of the sleeve, on each side There is a gap for the entry and exit of the wind resistance device on the side wall of the sleeve, and the length is η. Counting from the top of the sleeve, each gap is equipped with a D-type wind resistance device. The D-type wind resistance device tracks in 1 dimension or 2 dimensions The structure in the mode is the same. The S type is installed in the installation box. In the 1D tracking mode, a wire rope or beam is used, one end of which is fixed on the left and right side walls of the installation box, and the other end is installed on the left and right side walls of the sleeve. In the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the other end of the wind-resistant device is connected to the track. The track is divided into two types: grooved track and T-shaped track. One end of the S-shaped wind-resistant device is fixed on the bracket B, and the other end is in the groove. In the track, a polygonal or circular fastener a is fixed and inserted into the groove track. The cross section of the groove track is trapezoidal. In the T-shaped track, a polygonal fastener b is fixed. The bottom of the fastener b is equipped with a pulley. The part b is installed on the top of the T-shaped track, the fastener a or the fastener b rotates with the bracket B, the bottom of the groove or the T-shaped track is fixed at the bottom of the installation box, and the wind resistance device of the umbrella solar cell only adopts S Type, the drive of the motor will be controlled by the angle tracking controller. The electronic module of the controller includes the main chip, multi-axis angle sensor or inclination sensor, GPS satellite positioning, clock chip, and the module driven by the motor. The angle tracking controller is parallel to the Installed on a T-shaped bracket, the adjustment of the azimuth angle, in the 1-dimensional tracking mode, is adjusted every δ minutes within 1 day, and in the 2-dimensional tracking mode, it is adjusted every δ minutes in the morning and afternoon. There is no adjustment at noon, and the adjustment of the inclination angle is divided into two types: several adjustments within 3 times a day or multiple adjustments of more than 3 times. The angle tracking controller adopts the working principle of non-inductive tracking without photoelectric sensors. The adjustment of the inclination angle, in several adjustment modes, is adjusted by the fixed inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket. The inclination angle in the morning and afternoon is θ, and the inclination angle at noon is 0. Input it into the memory module of the controller. When receiving the adjustment signal, the angle tracking controller adjusts the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket according to the angle value of θ or 0; Adjust the inclination angle. In the morning and afternoon time periods, the inclination angle is adjusted λ times within δ minutes. No adjustment is made at noon. The adjusted schedule is pre-input into the memory module of the controller. The T-shaped adjustment at the beginning of each adjustment The inclination angle α of the support is the real-time inclination angle at that time. The inclination angle of the umbrella type is the same as the inclination angle α of the T-shaped bracket. Multi-axis angle sensor module or inclination sensor, the inclination angle obtained by real-time detection, multi-axis angle sensor module is divided into 3 types of combinations, divided into multi-axis gyroscope and multi-axis acceleration or multi-axis gyroscope and multi-axis angle or multi-axis The module composed of gyroscope, multi-axis acceleration and multi-axis angle sensor, when receiving the adjusted signal, the core chip of each combination uses the built-in digital motion processor to solve the attitude or Kalman filter algorithm, through The main interface outputs the inclination value α after the algorithm, which is converted by the analog-to-digital converter and sent to the main controller of the main chip. The main controller drives the tubular driving device to rotate according to the inclination value α or ψ, and drives the T-shaped bracket to rotate α or the angle of ψ, so that the inclination angle of the umbrella-type or fan-type and panel-type solar cells is adjusted to α, and the inclination value adjusted by the T-shaped bracket is sent to the main controller of the main chip after being converted by the analog-to-digital converter again. The main controller then compares the input value with the inclination value α or ψ to determine whether the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket has been adjusted in place is within the error range, thus completing an inclination adjustment. During the noon period, the three types of solar cells The inclination angle is 0, which is in a horizontal state. At this time, the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket is adjusted to 90° in the fan type and panel type, and 0° in the umbrella type. The azimuth angles of the three types of solar cells The same as the T-shaped bracket, the adjustment method is also the same. The δ-time adjustment schedule is pre-input into the memory module of the controller. When the scheduled adjustment time is reached, the angle tracking controller receives the GPS real-time positioning information. Through the calculation of the control module of the main chip, a real-time azimuth angle value φ facing east or west is obtained, and the main controller drives the T-shaped pillar to rotate the angle φ according to the azimuth angle φ, so that the azimuth angles of the three types of solar cells change is φ, the error detection method after azimuth adjustment is the same as that of the inclination angle, but it is completed by controlling the rotation of the T-shaped pillar, W, K, X are multiples of even numbers, N, F are multiples of odd numbers or even numbers, L1 Or L2 is the length of the fan-shaped and panel-type or umbrella-shaped axis A above the I-shaped plate, and it is characterized in that: the fan-shaped or umbrella-type or panel-type solar cells in the sleeve can automatically shrink and expand, and The tracking brackets in the installation box are integrated to form a 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking solar charging device. The angle adjustment of fan-shaped, umbrella-shaped or panel-shaped solar cells will be timed, and the angle tracking controller will control the tubular drive. This is accomplished by the rotation of the device or the T-pillar.
PCT/CN2022/077177 2022-02-22 2022-02-22 Vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small vehicle WO2023159338A1 (en)

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