WO2023159338A1

WO2023159338A1 - Vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small vehicle

Info

Publication number: WO2023159338A1
Application number: PCT/CN2022/077177
Authority: WO
Inventors: 李�杰
Original assignee: 李�杰
Priority date: 2022-02-22
Filing date: 2022-02-22
Publication date: 2023-08-31

Abstract

The present invention relates to the field of new energy vehicles, and specifically, to a vehicle-mounted solar charging device for a small vehicle. In order to satisfy the environmental protection requirements of peak carbon dioxide emissions and carbon neutrality and a subsequent sustainable development requirement, a new energy vehicle replacing a fuel vehicle becomes a future development trend. At present, the endurance mileage of the new energy vehicle is increased by using solar power generation technology based on a fixed support. However, due to the defects of a low power generation amount and incapability of solar tracking, the insufficiency of the endurance mileage becomes the technical problem to be solved urgently in the field of new energy vehicles. The umbrella-shaped or fan-shaped or panel-type solar cell provided by the present invention can be automatically contracted and unfolded, and forms, together with a tracking support in a mounting box, a one-dimensional and two-dimensional tracking-type solar charging device without needing a photoelectric sensor. Thus, power generation efficiency is improved, the technical problem that the endurance mileage of the new energy vehicle is insufficient is alleviated, and compared with products which cannot perform solar tracking on the market at present, the solar power generation amount of the present invention is increased by more than 40% on average.

Description

An on-board solar charging device for a small car

technical field

The invention relates to the field of new energy vehicles, in particular to a vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small vehicles.

Background technique

At present, many countries and regions in the world have issued timetables for carbon peaking and carbon neutrality. In order to meet the environmental protection needs of carbon peaking, carbon neutrality, and subsequent sustainable development, new energy vehicles will replace fuel vehicles. The future development trend, however, the lack of cruising range is a bottleneck that plagues the smooth development of new energy vehicles. For this reason, solar power generation will be widely used in the pure electric vehicle industry. The current new energy vehicles use fixed brackets However, due to its low power generation and the inability to track the sun, it is difficult to meet the requirements of new energy vehicles.

technical problem

How to solve the problem of insufficient cruising range of new energy vehicles, which can not only track the sun but also have practical value, is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the field of new energy vehicles.

technical solution

In view of the above-mentioned defects, the present invention provides a vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small vehicles, so that the above-mentioned technical problems are solved.

To achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is:

A vehicle-mounted solar charging device for a small car, which is composed of a tracking bracket and a solar cell. The solar cell includes two types of silicon-based solar cells and organic solar cells. The silicon-based solar cells are further divided into solar thin-film cells and solar cells. There are two types of flexible crystalline solar cells. Solar cells are divided into three types: panel type or fan type or umbrella type. Solar cells are installed on polygonal or circular textile fabrics, which are called umbrella solar cells. Panel type is to install solar cells on polygonal or circular or polygonal and non-polygonal panels, combining X panels into a fan. The assembly is called a panel-type solar cell, and the materials of the panel include stainless steel, tempered glass, and polymer organic materials. The tracking bracket includes a mounting box, a shaft, a chassis, a sleeve, a motor, a T-shaped bracket, and a tubular driving device. The tracking bracket is divided into two modes of 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking. The fan-shaped solar cells in the 1-dimensional tracking mode have two types of single-sided or double-sided installation, and the fan-shaped solar cells in the 2-dimensional tracking mode have only one side. The three types of solar cells all use the same structure of tracking brackets in the 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional mode. The fan-shaped solar cells are composed of K sets of folding combinations, and each folding combination has 2 folding surfaces. One of the folding surfaces is equipped with a skeleton in the middle, and the other is not. Among the two groups connected to each other, there is a folding surface without a skeleton between the two skeletons, that is, the two skeletons support a total of 4 folding surfaces, and the two folding surfaces There is a skeleton in the middle, and there are no other two skeletons. There are W skeletons in total. A polygonal or circular member E is fixed on the edge of each skeleton. There is a round hole in the center of the member E. The skeleton is fixed on the spring in the contracted state, and the components E are arranged in a straight line or arc shape. The installation position of the components E is divided into two types. The first one is that the components E are installed on the same side, and the two ends of the spring are respectively fixed on the On both ends of the shaft support, the second type is installed on the left and right sides of the frame respectively. A frame a in the center of the frame divides the fan-shaped solar cells into two groups of A and B, and each group has 1/2K group Folding combination and 1/2W root skeleton, skeleton a is the skeleton shared by two groups A and B, member E is installed on the left side in group A, and installed on the right side in group B, and the spring ends of each group It is respectively fixed on the shaft bracket and the skeleton a, the left and right sides of the skeleton a are equipped with components E, the shaft is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube through the shaft bracket, the top is a polygonal or circular top plate, and the skeleton a is fixed on In the center of the top plate, the axis passes through the round holes at the lower ends of all skeletons, except for skeleton a, and the rest of the skeletons are hingedly connected. The panel solar cell, when the installation position of component E, adopts the first type , the installation method of component E and spring on the edge of each panel of X panels is the same as that of fan-shaped solar cells. When the second type is used, an additional panel a is fixed in the center of the top plate, and panel a The X panels are divided into two groups of A and B, each group has 1/2X panels, the two ends of the springs of each group are respectively fixed on the shaft bracket and panel a, except for panel a, each panel passes through The round hole or ring at the lower end is hinged on the shaft, and the shaft is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube through the shaft bracket. The height of the fan-shaped and panel-shaped T-shaped hollow tube is h ₁ =L ₁ , and the height of the sleeve is H ₁ =L ₁ +η, 1/3 L ₁ <η≤2/3L ₁ , η is the lifting height of the T-shaped hollow tube. The umbrella-shaped solar cells are divided into two types: foldable or non-foldable. There are round holes, and the solar cells around the round holes are fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube. The top is a circular plate with annular wings. The central circular hole of the circular plate corresponds to the solar cell. The back of the solar cell is fixedly installed with an elastic steel or aluminum alloy frame, and the foldable solar cell can be folded. Each frame is divided into two sections, and the two sections are connected by a connecting member. The connecting member and the front end are fixedly connected, The rear end is hinged, and the connecting member is fixed with a magnet or the connecting member itself is a member with a ferromagnetic substance. The non-foldable solar cell cannot be folded, and each frame is not segmented. For the two types of frames, the front end is It is fixed on the edge of the umbrella-shaped solar cell, and the rear end is hinged on the wing of the circular plate. Each frame is hinged to a support rod. It is hinged in the middle of the skeleton, and the end of the support rod is hinged on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube. In the folding type, the end of the T-shaped hollow tube is installed with a magnet or a component with a ferromagnetic substance. The height of the T-shaped hollow tube is h ₂ , 1/10 L ₂ <h ₂ ≤1/2 L ₂ , the height of the sleeve H ₂ , in the folding mode, 1/2 L ₂ <H ₂ ≤2/3 L ₂ , in the non-folding mode Among them, the height of the sleeve H ₂ =L ₂ -h ₂ , the edge of the top of the sleeve is inclined or upright, the cover of the installation box has two types of automatic type and manual type, and the automatic type cover is self-rolling For curtains, one end of the installation box is equipped with a tubular driving device and a roller blind, and the other end is installed with a reel with a spring. The roller blinds are divided into two types of textile fabrics or non-woven fabrics. The two ends of the roller blinds are respectively equipped with pull cords. The other end of the drawstring is fixed on the reel. Grooves are installed on the top of both sides of the long side of the installation box. The drawstring moves back and forth in the groove. The cover of the manual type has flip type or drawer type, and there are bolt holes at the bottom of the box. , movable installed on the brackets of group N, the two types of boxes are equipped with batteries at the bottom, and handles are installed on the outer wall, and the T-shaped hollow tube is installed on the axis A and is threaded with the axis A, and the upper and lower sides of the axis A When the T-shaped hollow tube moves up and down along the axis A, the axis A penetrates the round hole of the umbrella-shaped solar cell plate, but does not penetrate the panel-type or fan-shaped top plate. The axis A is fixed on the shaft of the motor A, and the motor A An I-shaped plate is fixed on the top of the chassis, and the lower end of the sleeve is fixed on the two wings of the I-shaped plate. The lower ends of the sleeve, the chassis, and the two wings of the I-shaped plate are all vertically fixed on the top panel of the T-shaped bracket. T-shaped The lower end of the bracket is fixed on the hollow tube of the tubular driving device. The tubular driving device includes a hollow tube, a tubular motor, a driving wheel or a gear. The driving wheel or gear is connected to the shaft of the tubular motor and fixed inside the hollow tube. The tubular motor is placed in the hollow tube. , the tubular motor is fixed on the motor base, the motor base is fixed on the fastening member, the two ends of the hollow tube are respectively connected to the runners of the fastening member, the fastening member is fixed on the bracket, and the bracket is divided into A or B Two types, in the 1-dimensional tracking mode, the bracket is type A, which is fixed at the bottom of the installation box; in the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the bracket is type B, with universal wheels installed at the bottom, and T-shaped pillars The hollow tube is fixed on the shaft C of the motor C, and the two wings are respectively fixed on the bracket B. The motor C is fixed on the bottom of the installation box through the base, and a wind resistance device is installed in the installation box. The wind resistance device is a wire rope or a chain or a beam. There are two different types of D-type and S-type. In the fan-type and panel-type modes, the two types are used at the same time. The D-type is installed on the frame or panel and sleeve, and one end is fixed on the outside. On the frame or panel, the other end is fixed on the left and right side walls of the sleeve. On each side wall, there is a gap for the entry and exit of the wind resistance device. The length is η. Counting from the top of the sleeve, each gap Both are equipped with D-type wind resistance devices. The D-type wind resistance devices have the same structure in the 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking mode. The S-type is installed in the installation box. In the 1-dimensional tracking mode, steel wire ropes or beams are used. One end is fixed on the left and right side walls of the installation box, and the other end is installed on the left and right side walls of the sleeve. In the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the other end of the wind resistance device is connected to the track. The track is divided into groove track and T-shaped track. Type, one end of the S-type wind resistance device is fixed on the bracket B, and the other end is fixed in the groove track. A polygonal or circular fastener a is inserted into the groove track. The cross section of the groove track is trapezoidal. In the T-shaped track, a polygonal fastener b is fixed, the bottom of the fastener b is equipped with a pulley, the fastener b is installed on the top of the T-shaped track, the fastener a or fastener b rotates with the bracket B, and the groove or T-shaped The bottom of the track is fixed on the bottom of the installation box. The wind resistance device of the umbrella solar cell is only S type. The drive of the motor will be controlled by the angle tracking controller. The electronic module of the controller includes the main chip, multi-axis angle sensor Or inclination sensor, GPS satellite positioning, clock chip, motor-driven module, the angle tracking controller is installed in parallel on the T-shaped bracket, the adjustment of the azimuth angle, in the 1-dimensional tracking mode, is adjusted every δ minutes within 1 day, In the 2-dimensional tracking mode, in the morning and afternoon, it is adjusted every δ minutes, and no adjustment is made at noon. One type, the angle tracking controller adopts the working principle of non-inductive tracking without photoelectric sensor. The adjustment of the inclination angle, in several adjustment modes, is adjusted by the fixed inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket, and the inclination angle in the morning and afternoon is θ , the inclination angle at noon is 0, input the inclination angle of θ, 0 and the corresponding time period into the memory module of the controller in advance, when the adjustment signal is received, the angle tracking controller will follow the angle value of θ or 0 to adjust the inclination of the T-shaped bracket; in the multi-adjustment mode, the real-time inclination of the T-shaped bracket is used to adjust. In the morning and afternoon, the inclination is adjusted λ times within δ minutes. The adjustment schedule is pre-input into the memory module of the controller. The inclination angle α of the T-shaped support at the beginning of each adjustment is the real-time inclination angle at that time. The inclination angle of the umbrella is the same as that of the T-shaped support. The sector and panel The relationship between the formula and the inclination angle between the T-shaped bracket ψ=90°-α, the inclination angle α is the inclination angle detected by the multi-axis angle sensor module or the inclination sensor in real time, and the multi-axis angle sensor module is divided into 3 types of combinations, Divided into modules composed of multi-axis gyroscope and multi-axis acceleration or multi-axis gyroscope and multi-axis angle or multi-axis gyroscope and multi-axis acceleration and multi-axis angle sensors, when receiving the adjusted signal, each combined The core chip uses the built-in digital motion processor to calculate the attitude or the Kalman filter algorithm, and output the inclination value α after the algorithm through the main interface, and send it to the main controller of the main chip after being converted by the analog-to-digital converter , the main controller drives the tubular driving device to rotate according to the inclination value α or ψ, and drives the T-shaped bracket to rotate the angle of α or ψ, so that the inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped or fan-shaped and panel-type solar cells is adjusted to α. After the T-shaped bracket is adjusted The inclination value is sent to the main controller of the main chip after being converted by the analog-to-digital converter. The main controller then compares the input value with the inclination value α or ψ to determine whether the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket has been adjusted in place. Within the error range, an adjustment of the inclination angle is completed. At noon, the inclination angles of the three types of solar cells are 0 and are in a horizontal state. At this time, the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket is adjusted to become 90°, which is adjusted to 0° in the umbrella type. The azimuth angles of the three types of solar cells are the same as those of the T-shaped bracket, and the adjustment methods are also the same. The δ-time adjustment schedule is pre-input into the memory of the controller Among the modules, when the scheduled adjustment time is reached, the angle tracking controller receives the GPS real-time positioning information, and through the calculation of the control module of the main chip, a real-time azimuth angle value φ facing east or west is obtained, and the main controller according to The azimuth φ is used to drive the rotation angle φ of the T-shaped pillar, so that the azimuth angle of the three types of solar cells is changed to φ. The error detection method after the azimuth adjustment is the same as that of the inclination angle, but it is completed by controlling the rotation of the T-shaped pillar. W , K, X are multiples of even numbers, N, F are multiples of odd or even numbers, L ₁ or L ₂ is the length of the fan-shaped and panel-type or umbrella-shaped axis A above the I-shaped plate, and it is characterized in that : The fan-shaped or umbrella-shaped or panel-shaped solar cells in the sleeve can automatically shrink and expand, and are integrated with the tracking bracket in the installation box to form a 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking solar charging device, fan-shaped or The angle adjustment of the umbrella-type or panel-type solar cells will be counted by time, and the angle tracking controller will control the rotation of the tubular driving device or the T-shaped pillar to complete.

Beneficial effect

The vehicle-mounted solar charging device for small cars of the present invention alleviates the shortage of cruising range of new energy vehicles, and solves the technical problem that the solar charging device for small cars can not only track the sun, but also has practical value.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a plane top view of fan-shaped solar cells in a storage state: symbol 1 is an installation box, symbol 2 is a T-shaped bracket, symbol 3 is a fixed bracket A, symbol 4 is a motor A, symbol 5 is a tubular driving device, symbol 6 is a sleeve, symbol 7 is a T-shaped hollow tube, symbol 8 is axis A, symbol 9 is a shaft support, symbols 10/11 are fan-shaped solar cells/panel-type solar cells respectively; Figure 2 is fan-shaped solar cells The front view of the skeleton a installed in the 1D tracking device: symbol 12 is the inner skeleton, symbol 13a is the skeleton a, symbol 13 is the outer skeleton, symbol 14 is the fan-shaped solar cell, symbol 15 is the spring, and symbol 16 is the hinged connection skeleton The shaft, the symbol 17 is the D-type wind resistance device, the symbol 18 is the I-shaped plate, the symbol 19 is the wing of the I-shaped plate, the symbol 20 is the S-type wind resistance device in the 1-dimensional tracking mode, and the symbol 21 is the motor A Chassis, symbol 22 is the storage battery; Fig. 3 is the front view of the frame a installed in the 2-dimensional tracking device of fan-shaped solar cells: symbol 23 is the T-shaped pillar, symbol 24 is the S-shaped wind resistance device in the 2-dimensional tracking mode, symbol 25 is a groove or T-shaped track, symbol 26 is a universal wheel, symbol 27/28 is motor C/base C, symbol 29 is motor shaft C, symbol 30 is bracket B; Figure 4 is a fan-shaped solar cell The side view of the 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking device: symbol 31 is the component E of the fixed spring; FIG. The hinged outer panel, the symbol 32a is the panel a, the symbol 33 is the panel solar cell or the inner panel; Fig. 6 is a plane top view of the non-folding umbrella solar cell when it is stored: the symbol 34 is a T-shaped hollow tube, and the symbol 35 It is a sleeve, symbol 36 is a round plate with annular wings on the top of a T-shaped hollow tube, symbol 37 is a bracket, symbol 38 is an umbrella-shaped solar cell, and symbol 39 is an inclined edge at the top of the sleeve; Figure 7 is an umbrella-shaped solar cell The front view of the 1-dimensional tracking device of the battery: the symbol 40 is a support rod, and the symbol 41 is a skeleton; Fig. 8 is a side view of the 1-dimensional tracking device of an umbrella-shaped solar cell; Fig. 9 is a side view of a 2-dimensional tracking device of an umbrella-shaped solar cell Front view, Fig. 10 is a schematic diagram of the T-shaped track and the fastener b: the symbol 42 is the fastener b, and the symbol 43 is the pulley.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

Referring to Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5, it is a fan-type or panel-type 1-dimensional tracking mode. The fan-type or panel-type solar cells 14/31, 32 are installed on the

skeleton

12, 13 or

panels

32, 33, and one The shaft 16 is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow pipe 7 by the shaft bracket 9, the lower end of the skeleton or the

panel

12, 13/32, 33 is hingedly connected with the shaft 16, and the components are fixed on the edge of the

skeleton

12, 13 or the

panel

32, 33 31. After the spring 15 passes through each member 31, and fix the skeleton or panel on the spring 15, the installation position of the member 31, if it is the first type, the two ends of the spring 15 are respectively fixed on the shaft bracket 9 , if it is the second type, then the two ends of the spring 15 are respectively fixed on the shaft support 9 and the skeleton 13a or the panel 32a, the skeleton or the

panel

13 or 32 of the outside are equipped with a wind-resistant device 17, and the other of the wind-resistant device 17 One end is fixed on the sleeve 6, the T-shaped hollow tube 7 and the shaft 8 are threaded, the shaft 8 is fixed on the shaft of the motor 4, the I-shaped plate 18 is fixed on the chassis 21 of the motor 4, and the sleeve 6 is fixed on the I-shaped On the two wings of the template 18, the sleeve 6, the two wings of the I-shaped panel 18, and the chassis 21 are all fixed on the T-shaped bracket 2. One end of the wind resistance device 20 is fixed on the side wall of the installation box, and the other end is hingedly installed on the sleeve. 6, the T-shaped bracket 2 is fixed on the tubular driving device 5, the tubular driving device 5 is fixed on the bracket 3, the bracket 3 is fixed on the bottom surface of the installation box 2, and the angle tracking controller is installed on the T-shaped bracket 2 in parallel. The waterproof male and female joints between the angle tracking controller, the motor 4 and the storage battery are docked with each other, thereby forming a 1-dimensional tracking solar power generation device for adjusting the inclination.

Referring to Figures 1, 3, and 10, it is a fan-shaped or panel-type 2-dimensional tracking mode. The structure and installation method of the 1-dimensional tracking mode on the bracket 30 are the same as above, see paragraph 0008. In the 2-dimensional tracking mode, universal wheels 26 are installed on the bottom of the bracket 30, and T-shaped pillars 23 are fixed inside. The middle hollow tube of the T-shaped pillars 23 is fixed on the motor shaft 29 of the motor 27, and the motor 27 passes through the base 28. Fixed on the bottom of the installation box 1, the bottom surface of the installation box 1 is fixed with a track 25 connected to the wind-resistant device 24, the upper end of the wind-resistant device 24 is fixed on the bracket 30, and the lower end is buckled to slide in the track 25, thereby forming an adjustment angle and Azimuthal 2D tracking of solar power installations.

Referring to Figures 6, 7, and 8, it is an umbrella-shaped 1-dimensional tracking mode. The center of the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is fixed on the circular plate 36, and a skeleton 41 is fixedly installed on the back thereof. One end of the skeleton 41 is fixed on the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38. edge, the other end is hinged on the periphery of the circular plate 36, and a support rod 40 is hinged in the middle part of the skeleton 41, and the other end of the support rod 40 is hinged on the T-shaped hollow tube 34, and the T-shaped hollow tube 34 and the shaft 8 are connected by threads. The shaft 8 is fixed on the motor 4, the I-shaped plate 18 is fixed on the chassis of the motor 4, and the rest of the I-shaped plate 18, the sleeve 35 and the sleeve 35 are fixed on the 1-dimensional tracking bracket and the installation of the wind resistance device 20 The method is the same as that of the fan type, see paragraph 0009.

Refer to Figure 9-10, which is the 2-dimensional tracking mode of the umbrella type. For the installation of the umbrella type, refer to paragraph 0009. The structure of the 1-dimensional tracking mode installed on the bracket 30 is the same as the above. Refer to 0008, in the 2-dimensional tracking mode. , the structure and installation method of the 2-dimensional tracking bracket are the same as above, refer to paragraph 0009.

Embodiments of the present invention

Refer to Figures 1, 2, 4, and 5, which are fan-type or panel-type 1-dimensional tracking modes. Fix the installation box on the luggage rack on the roof or on the ground. The front end of the installation box 2 faces east. When the installation box adopts automatic When using the remote control to start the switch of the tubular driving device of the installation box, the roller blind is driven to shrink, and the spring on the reel of the cover at the other end is pulled tight by the pull cord. Open the switch of the angle tracking controller, then at first control the top plate of the tubular driving device 5 to drive the T-shaped support 2 from a vertical state to a horizontal state, at this moment, under the tightening effect of the spring 15, the skeleton or the

panel

12, 13 or 32, 33 and the fan-shaped or panel-type solar cells are in contraction state, under the control of the angle tracking controller, the skeleton or

panels

12, 13 or 32, 33, and the wind resistance device 17 all move upwards along with the T-shaped hollow tube 7, And the other end that anti-wind device 17 is connected with sleeve 6 is fixed, then skeleton or

panel

12,13 or 32,33 and fan-type or panel type solar cell are in the process of rising, the framework of outside or

panel

13 or 32 is pulled by the wind-resistant devices 17 on the left and right sides to expand to the left and right sides, and the spring is also expanded to the left and right sides under the drive of the outer skeleton or

panel

13 or 32, and the framework 12 or panel 33 of the pulling inner side is also gradually expanded. When the top of the T-shaped hollow tube 7 is flush with the sleeve 6, the T-shaped hollow tube 7 stops going up after the wind-resistant device 17 is fully tightened upwards, and then the skeleton or

panel

12, 13 or 32, 33 is pulled into place so that the fan-type or panel-type solar cells are fully deployed. The inclination adjustment of 1-dimensional tracking only adopts several adjustment modes. In the morning, the angle tracking controller controls the rotation of the tubular driving device 5 to make the T-shaped bracket 2 tilt to a predetermined angle θ, which drives the fan-type or panel-type solar cells to face east And tilt, until the arrival of the noon time is all in a tilted state, referring to Fig. 4, in the noon period, the control tubular driving device 5 rotates so that the top of the T-shaped support 2 becomes vertical to the ground, and then the fan-shaped solar cells are driven to become The ground is parallel. If only one side is installed with solar cells, the parallel state will be maintained until the end. If there are solar cells installed on both sides, then in the afternoon, the operation is the same as that in the morning, so that the fan type or panel type The solar cells are facing west and tilted. When storing, first adjust the fan-shaped or panel-type solar cells to be perpendicular to the ground, and under the control of the angle tracking controller, the skeleton or

panels

12, 13 or 32, 33 move downward with the T-shaped hollow tube 7, stretching The tight wind-resistant device 17 begins to relax, and the originally opened spring 15 also shrinks gradually to drive the lower end of the skeleton or

panels

12, 13 or 32, 33 and fan-shaped or panel-type solar cells to shrink back into the sleeve 6, when After the T-shaped hollow tube 7 arrived at the predetermined position, the power supply of the motor 4 was turned off and self-locked, and the top plate of the T-shaped support 2 driven by the tubular driving device 5 changed from horizontal to a state perpendicular to the ground. Referring to Fig. 1, close the mounting box cover.

Refer to Figures 1, 3, and 10, which are fan-type or panel-type 2-dimensional tracking modes. When the installation box is a manual type, the bolts pass through the bolt holes on the bottom of the installation box and are fixed on the brackets of N groups, and the brackets are fixed on the ground. , open the box lid manually. The fan-type or panel-type solar cells are deployed in the same way as paragraph 0008. After the fan-type or panel-type solar cells are fully deployed, first adjust the azimuth angle, and the angle tracking controller adjusts the time according to the azimuth angle pre-input in the storage module. Table, rotate by motor 27 drive shaft 29 and drive the rotation of T-shaped pillar 23, promote the rotation of support 30 with universal wheel 26, T-shaped support 2 on the support 30 turns to east or In the west direction, the anti-wind device 24 is buckled in the track 25 and moves in a circle along with the bracket 30, thereby completing the adjustment of the azimuth angle, and then adjusting the inclination angle. There are 2 types of inclination adjustment modes. When working in the mode of several adjustments, please refer to paragraph 0012 for the specific inclination adjustment method. When working in the mode of multiple adjustments, when the scheduled adjustment time is reached in the morning or afternoon, the real-time inclination value α output by the multi-axis angle sensor or inclination sensor, according to ψ=90°-α, the calculated ψ inclination is passed through After conversion by the analog-to-digital converter, it is sent to the main controller of the main chip. The main controller drives the tubular driving device 5 to rotate according to the inclination value ψ, and drives the T-shaped bracket 2 to rotate the angle of ψ, so that the inclination angle of the fan type and the panel type is adjusted to α , the adjusted inclination value of the T-shaped bracket 2 is sent to the main controller of the main chip after being converted by the analog-to-digital converter again, and the main controller judges the T-shaped bracket 2 according to the comparison between the input value and the inclination value ψ Whether the angle of inclination that has been adjusted in place is within the error range, and control the control module of the tubular driving device 5 accordingly, thereby completing an adjustment of the inclination angle. It is 90°, so that the inclination angle of fan-type and panel-type solar cells is adjusted to 0, and it will not stand still after being in a horizontal state until the adjustment time arrives in the afternoon. The error detection method after azimuth adjustment is the same as that of inclination angle, only through The rotation of T-shaped pillar 23 is finished. When storing, the storage method of the fan-type and panel-type solar cells is the same as that of paragraph 0012, then fasten the cover and put the installation box into the trunk of the car.

Refer to Figures 6, 7, and 8, which are umbrella-shaped 1-dimensional tracking modes. Fix the installation box on the luggage rack on the roof or on the ground. The front end of the installation box 2 faces east. When the installation box is automatic, use the remote control The device starts the switch of the tubular driving device of the end cover of the installation box, drives the roller blind to shrink, the spring on the other end of the cover reel is tightened by the pull rope, and then starts the switch of the angle tracking controller to control the tubular driving device 5 to drive the T-shaped After the top plate of the bracket 2 changes from the vertical state to the horizontal state, the motor of the tubular driving device 5 will be closed and self-locked, and the angle tracking controller will control the motor 4 to drive the shaft 8 to rotate, and the T-shaped hollow pipe 34 will move upwards , push the support bar 40 and the skeleton 41 to move upwards. In the folded type, the connecting member and the T-shaped hollow tube 34 are separated, and the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is pushed out of the sleeve 35 and gradually expanded. When the top of the T-shaped hollow tube 34 is in contact with the shaft 8 When the tops are flush, the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is fully unfolded and presents a horizontal state. The inclination adjustment of the 1-dimensional tracking adopts the mode of several adjustments. Umbrella solar cell 38 inclination angle is θ, facing east and tilting, referring to Fig. 8, it is all in a tilting state until noon, during which the motor of tubular driving device 5 will be closed and self-locked, and at noon, Control the rotation of the tubular driving device 5 so that the T-shaped bracket 2 becomes horizontal, so that the inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is 0 and becomes parallel to the ground. Referring to Fig. 7, in the afternoon, the same operation as the morning period makes the umbrella-shaped The solar cell 38 has an inclination angle of θ, faces west and is inclined. When storing, the angle tracking controller controls and drives the tubular driving device 5 to drive the T-shaped bracket 2 to turn the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 into a horizontal state, and the angle tracking controller controls the motor 4 to drive the shaft 8 to rotate, and the T-shaped hollow tube 34 will be Moving down, pulling the support bar 40 and the skeleton 41 also moves downward. In the folding type, the skeleton is divided into two sections, the connecting member and the magnet of the T-shaped hollow tube 34 are adsorbed together, and the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is folded into one , the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 shrinks gradually and is pulled into the sleeve 35. When the T-shaped hollow tube 34 reaches a predetermined position, the power supply of the motor 4 is turned off and self-locked, and the angle tracking controller controls the driving device 5 to drive the T-shaped tube. After the top plate of the support 2 is changed from horizontal to the state perpendicular to the ground, the power supply of the driving device 5 is turned off and self-locked. Referring to Fig. 6, start the power switch of the tubular driving device in the installation box to push out the roller blind, then the spring shrinks and Pull the roller blind back to close the upper cover by means of the pull cord.

Refer to Figures 1, 9, and 10, which are umbrella-shaped 2-dimensional tracking modes. In the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the structure and installation method of the 2-dimensional tracking bracket are the same as above, see paragraph 0009. Refer to paragraph 0014 for the deployment method of the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38, and refer to paragraph 0013 for the adjustment of the azimuth angle as for the fan type. Refer to paragraph 0014 for the inclination adjustment method of several adjustment modes. In the inclination adjustment of the multiple adjustment mode, the inclination value α output by the multi-axis angle sensor or the inclination sensor is converted by the analog-to-digital converter and sent to the main controller of the main chip. The controller drives the tubular driving device 5 to rotate according to the inclination value α, and drives the T-shaped bracket 2 to rotate by an angle of α, so that the inclination angle of the umbrella is adjusted to α, and the adjusted inclination value of the T-shaped bracket 2 is converted by an analog-to-digital converter again Then send it to the main controller of the main chip, and then compare the input value with the inclination value α to determine whether the adjusted inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket 2 is within the error range, and control the tubular driving device accordingly 5, thus completing the adjustment of an inclination angle. When arriving at the adjustment moment scheduled for noon, the inclination angle of the T-shaped support 2 is adjusted to 0°, so that the inclination angle of the umbrella-shaped solar cell 38 is adjusted to 0°, and it will not be stationary after presenting a horizontal state until the adjustment time arrives in the afternoon. See paragraph 0013 or 0014 for storage methods.

Industrial Applicability

A vehicle-mounted solar charging device for a small car of the present invention enables the umbrella-shaped or fan-shaped or panel-shaped solar cells in the sleeve to automatically shrink and unfold, and can be constructed together with the tracking bracket in the installation box to form an The 1-dimensional and 2-dimensional tracking solar charging device of the photoelectric sensor improves the efficiency of power generation, reduces the use of mains power, alleviates the problem of insufficient mileage of new energy vehicles, and solves the problem of new energy vehicles. The on-board solar charging device for small cars must not only be able to track the sun, but also have practical value in the field of new energy vehicles. The power generation efficiency of the present invention is increased by more than 40% compared with the average of the current fixed installation mode, which is a carbon-neutral It has played a positive and beneficial effect on the sustainable development of the field of new energy vehicles in the post-era era.

Claims

A vehicle-mounted solar charging device for a small car, which is composed of a tracking bracket and a solar cell. The solar cell includes two types of silicon-based solar cells and organic solar cells. The silicon-based solar cells are further divided into solar thin-film cells and solar cells. There are two types of flexible crystalline solar cells. Solar cells are divided into three types: panel type or fan type or umbrella type. Solar cells are installed on polygonal or circular textile fabrics, which are called umbrella solar cells. Panel type is to install solar cells on polygonal or circular or polygonal and non-polygonal panels, combining X panels into a fan. The assembly is called a panel-type solar cell, and the materials of the panel include stainless steel, tempered glass, and polymer organic materials. The tracking bracket includes a mounting box, a shaft, a chassis, a sleeve, a motor, a T-shaped bracket, and a tubular driving device. The tracking bracket is divided into two modes of 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking. The fan-shaped solar cells in the 1-dimensional tracking mode have two types of single-sided or double-sided installation, and the fan-shaped solar cells in the 2-dimensional tracking mode have only one side. The three types of solar cells all use the same structure of tracking brackets in the 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional mode. The fan-shaped solar cells are composed of K sets of folding combinations, and each folding combination has 2 folding surfaces. One of the folding surfaces is equipped with a skeleton in the middle, and the other is not. Among the two groups connected to each other, there is a folding surface without a skeleton between the two skeletons, that is, the two skeletons support a total of 4 folding surfaces, and the two folding surfaces There is a skeleton in the middle, and there are no other two skeletons. There are W skeletons in total. A polygonal or circular member E is fixed on the edge of each skeleton. There is a round hole in the center of the member E. The skeleton is fixed on the spring in the contracted state, and the components E are arranged in a straight line or arc shape. The installation position of the components E is divided into two types. The first one is that the components E are installed on the same side, and the two ends of the spring are respectively fixed on the On both ends of the shaft support, the second type is installed on the left and right sides of the frame respectively. A frame a in the center of the frame divides the fan-shaped solar cells into two groups of A and B, and each group has 1/2K group Folding combination and 1/2W root skeleton, skeleton a is the skeleton shared by two groups A and B, member E is installed on the left side in group A, and installed on the right side in group B, and the spring ends of each group It is respectively fixed on the shaft bracket and the skeleton a, the left and right sides of the skeleton a are equipped with components E, the shaft is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube through the shaft bracket, the top is a polygonal or circular top plate, and the skeleton a is fixed on In the center of the top plate, the axis passes through the round holes at the lower ends of all skeletons, except for skeleton a, and the rest of the skeletons are hingedly connected. The panel solar cell, when the installation position of component E, adopts the first type , the installation method of component E and spring on the edge of each panel of X panels is the same as that of fan-shaped solar cells. When the second type is used, an additional panel a is fixed in the center of the top plate, and panel a The X panels are divided into two groups of A and B, each group has 1/2X panels, the two ends of the springs of each group are respectively fixed on the shaft bracket and panel a, except for panel a, each panel passes through The round hole or ring at the lower end is hinged on the shaft, and the shaft is fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube through the shaft bracket. The height of the fan-shaped and panel-shaped T-shaped hollow tube is h1=L1, and the height of the sleeve is H1=L1+η, 1/3L1<η≤2/3L1, η is the lifting height of the T-shaped hollow tube. The umbrella-shaped solar cells are divided into two types: foldable or non-foldable, both of which have a round hole in the center. The solar cells around the hole are fixed on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube. The top is a circular plate with annular wings. The central hole of the circular plate corresponds to the solar cell. The elastic Steel or aluminum alloy frame, the foldable solar cell can be folded, each frame is divided into two sections, the two sections are connected into one body through the connecting member, the connecting member and the front end are fixedly connected, and the rear end is hingedly connected. There are magnets fixed on the components or the connecting components themselves are components with ferromagnetic substances. The non-foldable solar cells cannot be folded, and each frame is not segmented. The front ends of the two types of frames are fixed on the edge of the umbrella-shaped solar cell. , the rear end is hinged on the wing of the circular plate, and each frame is hinged to a support rod. The front end of the support rod is hinged to the middle of the rear frame in the folded type, and hinged to the middle of the frame in the non-folded type. The end of the support rod is hinged on the top of the T-shaped hollow tube, and the end of the T-shaped hollow tube in the folding type is installed with a magnet or a member with a ferromagnetic substance. The height of the T-shaped hollow tube is h2, 1/10L2<h2≤ 1/2L2, the height H2 of the sleeve, in the folding mode, 1/2L2<H2≤2/3L2, in the non-folding mode, the height of the sleeve H2=L2-h2, the edge of the top of the sleeve is inclined Or upright two shapes, the cover of the installation box has two types: automatic type and manual type. Roller, roller blinds are divided into two types of textile fabrics or non-woven fabrics, the two ends of the roller blind are respectively equipped with pull ropes, the other end of the pull rope is fixed on the reel, and the top of the long side of the installation box is installed with concave Groove, the pull rope moves back and forth in the groove, the manual type cover has flip type or drawer type, the bottom of the box has bolt holes, the movable type is installed on the bracket of N group, and the bottom of the two types of boxes is installed with batteries. The outer wall is equipped with a handle, and the T-shaped hollow tube is installed on the axis A and is threadedly connected with the axis A, and moves up and down on the axis A. When the T-shaped hollow tube moves up and down along the axis A, the axis A runs through the circle of the umbrella-shaped solar cell. The round hole of the plate, but does not go through the top plate of the panel type or fan type. The axis A is fixed on the shaft of the motor A, and an I-shaped plate is fixed on the top of the motor A chassis, and the lower end of the sleeve is fixed on the two wings of the I-shaped plate. The lower ends of the two wings of the sleeve, the chassis, and the I-shaped plate are vertically fixed on the top panel of the T-shaped bracket, and the lower end of the T-shaped bracket is fixed on the hollow tube of the tubular driving device. The tubular driving device includes a hollow tube, a tubular motor, The driving wheel or gear, the driving wheel or gear is connected to the tubular motor shaft and fixed inside the hollow tube, the tubular motor is placed in the hollow tube, the tubular motor is fixed on the motor frame, the motor frame is fixed on the fastening member, the hollow tube The two ends of the two ends are respectively connected to the runners of the fastening member. The fastening member is fixed on the bracket. The bracket is divided into two types: A or B. In the 1-dimensional tracking mode, the bracket is type A, which is fixed on the installation At the bottom of the box, in the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the bracket is B-type, and universal wheels are installed on the bottom. The hollow tube of the T-shaped pillar is fixed on the axis C of the motor C, and the two wings are respectively fixed on the bracket B. The motor C It is fixed on the bottom of the installation box through the machine base, and the wind resistance device is installed in the installation box. The wind resistance device is a wire rope or a chain or a beam. There are two different types of D type and S type. Among the fan type and panel type , the two types are used at the same time, the D type is installed on the frame or panel and the sleeve, one end is fixed on the outer frame or panel, and the other end is fixed on the left and right side walls of the sleeve, on each side There is a gap for the entry and exit of the wind resistance device on the side wall of the sleeve, and the length is η. Counting from the top of the sleeve, each gap is equipped with a D-type wind resistance device. The D-type wind resistance device tracks in 1 dimension or 2 dimensions The structure in the mode is the same. The S type is installed in the installation box. In the 1D tracking mode, a wire rope or beam is used, one end of which is fixed on the left and right side walls of the installation box, and the other end is installed on the left and right side walls of the sleeve. In the 2-dimensional tracking mode, the other end of the wind-resistant device is connected to the track. The track is divided into two types: grooved track and T-shaped track. One end of the S-shaped wind-resistant device is fixed on the bracket B, and the other end is in the groove. In the track, a polygonal or circular fastener a is fixed and inserted into the groove track. The cross section of the groove track is trapezoidal. In the T-shaped track, a polygonal fastener b is fixed. The bottom of the fastener b is equipped with a pulley. The part b is installed on the top of the T-shaped track, the fastener a or the fastener b rotates with the bracket B, the bottom of the groove or the T-shaped track is fixed at the bottom of the installation box, and the wind resistance device of the umbrella solar cell only adopts S Type, the drive of the motor will be controlled by the angle tracking controller. The electronic module of the controller includes the main chip, multi-axis angle sensor or inclination sensor, GPS satellite positioning, clock chip, and the module driven by the motor. The angle tracking controller is parallel to the Installed on a T-shaped bracket, the adjustment of the azimuth angle, in the 1-dimensional tracking mode, is adjusted every δ minutes within 1 day, and in the 2-dimensional tracking mode, it is adjusted every δ minutes in the morning and afternoon. There is no adjustment at noon, and the adjustment of the inclination angle is divided into two types: several adjustments within 3 times a day or multiple adjustments of more than 3 times. The angle tracking controller adopts the working principle of non-inductive tracking without photoelectric sensors. The adjustment of the inclination angle, in several adjustment modes, is adjusted by the fixed inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket. The inclination angle in the morning and afternoon is θ, and the inclination angle at noon is 0. Input it into the memory module of the controller. When receiving the adjustment signal, the angle tracking controller adjusts the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket according to the angle value of θ or 0; Adjust the inclination angle. In the morning and afternoon time periods, the inclination angle is adjusted λ times within δ minutes. No adjustment is made at noon. The adjusted schedule is pre-input into the memory module of the controller. The T-shaped adjustment at the beginning of each adjustment The inclination angle α of the support is the real-time inclination angle at that time. The inclination angle of the umbrella type is the same as the inclination angle α of the T-shaped bracket. Multi-axis angle sensor module or inclination sensor, the inclination angle obtained by real-time detection, multi-axis angle sensor module is divided into 3 types of combinations, divided into multi-axis gyroscope and multi-axis acceleration or multi-axis gyroscope and multi-axis angle or multi-axis The module composed of gyroscope, multi-axis acceleration and multi-axis angle sensor, when receiving the adjusted signal, the core chip of each combination uses the built-in digital motion processor to solve the attitude or Kalman filter algorithm, through The main interface outputs the inclination value α after the algorithm, which is converted by the analog-to-digital converter and sent to the main controller of the main chip. The main controller drives the tubular driving device to rotate according to the inclination value α or ψ, and drives the T-shaped bracket to rotate α or the angle of ψ, so that the inclination angle of the umbrella-type or fan-type and panel-type solar cells is adjusted to α, and the inclination value adjusted by the T-shaped bracket is sent to the main controller of the main chip after being converted by the analog-to-digital converter again. The main controller then compares the input value with the inclination value α or ψ to determine whether the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket has been adjusted in place is within the error range, thus completing an inclination adjustment. During the noon period, the three types of solar cells The inclination angle is 0, which is in a horizontal state. At this time, the inclination angle of the T-shaped bracket is adjusted to 90° in the fan type and panel type, and 0° in the umbrella type. The azimuth angles of the three types of solar cells The same as the T-shaped bracket, the adjustment method is also the same. The δ-time adjustment schedule is pre-input into the memory module of the controller. When the scheduled adjustment time is reached, the angle tracking controller receives the GPS real-time positioning information. Through the calculation of the control module of the main chip, a real-time azimuth angle value φ facing east or west is obtained, and the main controller drives the T-shaped pillar to rotate the angle φ according to the azimuth angle φ, so that the azimuth angles of the three types of solar cells change is φ, the error detection method after azimuth adjustment is the same as that of the inclination angle, but it is completed by controlling the rotation of the T-shaped pillar, W, K, X are multiples of even numbers, N, F are multiples of odd numbers or even numbers, L1 Or L2 is the length of the fan-shaped and panel-type or umbrella-shaped axis A above the I-shaped plate, and it is characterized in that: the fan-shaped or umbrella-type or panel-type solar cells in the sleeve can automatically shrink and expand, and The tracking brackets in the installation box are integrated to form a 1-dimensional or 2-dimensional tracking solar charging device. The angle adjustment of fan-shaped, umbrella-shaped or panel-shaped solar cells will be timed, and the angle tracking controller will control the tubular drive. This is accomplished by the rotation of the device or the T-pillar.