MX2013009512A - A solar tracking system. - Google Patents

Abstract

A solar tracking apparatus comprises an array frame assembly adapted to support at least one solar collecting product, rotation means to enable the array frame assembly to rotate to at least track the sun from east to west over a fixed primary axis of rotation, and adjustment means to enable the array frame assembly to be adjusted relative to the primary axis of rotation to allow for seasonal changes in the sun's elevation and changes in the sun's declination throughout each day.

Description

SOLAR FOLLOWING SYSTEM FIELD PE INVENTION The present invention is directed to a tracking system that allows a matrix of solar collectors to better control the sun throughout the seasons. The invention can also be directed to a drive system that rotates the array, and allows multiple units to be carried out in conjunction. The matrix may include photovoltaic solar panels, solar thermal panels, bifacial modules, or any other product that may benefit from the tracking system.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION Photovoltaic solar panels (also known as PV array (short for PANELS PHOTOVOLTAIC, meaning photovoltaic solar panel)) are more efficient when sunlight hits the panels at right angles. In the equatorial regions, the panels may be supported on a substantially horizontal axis. The efficiency of the matrix can be improved by up to 30% if the matrix can rotate around the horizontal axis from east to west during the day to keep the matrix at right angles to the sun. This type of control is rotation around a single axis and is commonly referred to as a "single-axis follower".

Because of the increase in latitude (far from the equator), it is known that the it must be inclined to compensate for the latitude. The matrix can be rotated around the alternate axis (also known as the major axis) from east to west to improve solar uptake. In increasing latitudes, however, the sun's arc in the sky has a very significant difference between summer (when the sun is highest in the sky) and winter (when the sun is lowest in the sky). He is known for offering a double-axis tracker that can compensate for different trajectories of the sun at higher latitudes, but they are complex and expensive.

Automatic tracking systems require actuators or motors to operate the system. It is common to have each photovoltaic panel powered by a separate motor. This increases the cost and complexity of the system. The coupling of two or more photovoltaic generators that work together to be driven by the results of the individual motors in a system becomes complicated and expensive, especially for heavy and complex dual-axis tracking systems. There would be an advantage if it were possible to provide a tracking system that could have several matrices controlled by a single or a few conductors.

Wind resistance is a problem for many solar panels. This can result in many matrices being fixed in position to prevent damage to the wind load, but this results in a reduction in efficiency because the matrix can not rotate.

Alternatively, the tracking system can be made robust and capable of resisting wind loads, but this increases the cost and weight and therefore increases the forces required to operate the system. There would be an advantage if it were possible to provide a tracking system that could have wind tolerance, but associated with the disadvantages of complexity, weight, etc.

Auto-shading is a problem for many solar panels and requires that they be spaced at a considerable distance. The problem is more common in winter, when the sun is low in the sky. There would be an advantage if a tracking system could be provided that could have less auto-shading allowing the arrays to be placed closer together, especially at a distance from north to south, so that it could be more spaced and laterally to allow a better collection of the morning and afternoon sun without increasing the size of the measurement matrices.

It is the object of the invention to provide a solar tracking system, which can overcome at least some of the disadvantages mentioned above and provide a useful or commercial option in the market.

All references to methods, apparatus or documents of the prior art should not be construed as constituting any evidence or admission that they are formed or forming part of common general knowledge.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to a first aspect of the invention, there is provided a solar tracking device comprising an assembly of the matrix structure adapted to support at least one solar energy collection product, having opposite ends; means that the rotation means comprises a pair of separate drive elements to allow the assembly of the structure of the rotation matrix, at least, to follow the sun from east to west along an inclined axis of rotation, and the opposite ends of said assembly of the matrix structure are following actuating elements and adjustment means to allow the mounting of the matrix structure to be placed on the primary axis of rotation allowing seasonal variations in solar elevation and alterations. in the declination of the sun along each day: the adjustment means will be operable adjacent to each end of said assembly of the matrix structure comprising a first connected part for each actuating element and a second adjustable part connected to the first part to allow the adjustment of said assembly of the structure of the matrix in relation to the primary axis of rotation.

In another form, the invention may comprise a solar tracking device, comprising an assembly of the matrix structure adapted to support at least one product for collecting sunlight, in that the rotation allows the assembly of the matrix structure to rotate, at least, to track the sun from east to west along a primary axis of rotation and adjustment means to allow the assembly of the structure of the the matrix can be adjusted in relation to the axis of rotation to allow both seasonal changes in the elevation of the sun and daily changes in the declination angle of the sun (position with respect to the equator).

Therefore, the solar tracking device can improve the efficiency of a two-axis tracker, but with the simplicity and profitability of a single-axis tracker. In all stations, the device allows solar energy to be captured early in the morning and in the evening in a way that is more efficient than most other tracking devices and tracking devices especially with a single axis.

In one embodiment, the apparatus can follow the movement of the sun about a longitudinal axis inclined from east to west (the main axis of rotation), and the angle of inclination according to the latitude and can also be adjusted around the This generally incremental secondary east-west axis, (mean adjustment) to provide the unique ability of the tracking device can allow seasonal changes in elevation and position at the beginning and end of a sunny day.

It is preferable that the adjustment means allow the assembly of the The structure of the matrix is raised above the primary axis of rotation and the part of the assembly of the matrix structure is reduced below the primary axis of rotation. Consequently, the assembly of the matrix structure is adjusted by offsetting the opposite ends of the assembly such that one end of the assembly moves on the primary axis of rotation and the opposite end of the assembly moves below the axis of primary rotation. Consequently, the displacement is around a secondary axis that extends through the assembly and approximately halfway through them.

This change can provide the unique characteristic that the primary and secondary axis are normal (at right angles) one to the other only at noon or at the configuration equinox (the point of the orbit where day and night are equal in length ). In contrast, there are double-axis trackers that have their axes perpendicular to each other at all times.

The solar tracking device can be placed on the floor, on a roof, on a platform or in any other suitable position. It is not considered that any unnecessary limitation should be placed on the invention to exemplify simply examples of certain non-limiting preferred places.

The device can be used to support at least one solar energy collection device. This may include at least one photovoltaic panel, solar heat collector and the like. The type of photovoltaic panel it may vary and may include monocrystalline panels, polycrystal photovoltaic panels, solar laminates, bifacial panels, solar concentrators and the like. The dimensions of the solar energy collection device may vary to adapt. As an example, a typical photovoltaic panel will be rectangular and has a length of between 1 and 2 meters and a width of between 0.5 and 1.5 meters. However, photovoltaic panels with dimensions between 0.2 to 2.2 meters in length and 0.2 to 1.2 meters in width may also be suitable. Solar thermal collectors may include pipes, boxes and similar heat. Concentrators may include solar reflecting surfaces, lenses and the like, concentrating light or heat to relatively small areas.

The assembly of the matrix structure can maintain itself, or a multiple of the solar energy collection devices can support all photovoltaic panels or a mixture of different types of solar energy collection devices.

The assembly of the matrix structure can have any suitable shape and size. To result in less lateral shading, the entire structure of the array will preferably be substantially rectangular in configuration. The assembly of the matrix structure can have a length of between 0.5 to 30 meters and a width of 0.5 to 10 meters and will typically have a length between 3 and 6 meters and a width of between 1, 5 and 2 ,2 meters. Naturally, this may vary to adapt.

The assembly of the matrix structure can be made of any suitable material or materials. It is advantageous that the assembly of the structure is made of metal. A suitable metal would be steel, which can be treated for corrosion resistance. For example, the metal can be painted, powder coated, anodized aluminum, galvanized steel and the like. Alternatively, the metal may comprise aluminum. While other metals can also be used, steel and aluminum are probably the most profitable in the manufacture of the assembly of the structure. The assembly of the structure can be made of a material that is not made of metal. For example, the assembly of the structure can be made of a strong engineering plastic. It is also envisaged that the assembly of the structure as a whole or parts thereof can be made from laminated material. It is also envisaged that the assembly of the structure can be made from different materials, such as to take advantage of the strength of some materials and the weight of others.

The assembly of the matrix structure may comprise elongated elements that can be connected to one another or relatively to each other to form the assembly. The elongate members may be joined by any suitable means, which may include screw fasteners, nut and set screw, rivets, welding, crimping, and the like. A combination of fixing means can also be provided. The elongated members can include tubes, solid bars, elements in the form of an elongated box, "L" shaped members, "C" shaped members, "U" shaped members, channel type elements and the like. A combination of different types of elongated members can be provided. The assembly may include transverse members, shock absorbers, reinforcing members, and so forth. The assembly may include a type of platform on which the photovoltaic panels can be supported. The platform may comprise a mesh, a perforated plate, a grid arrangement as a combination, the crosspieces and the like. The structure of the matrix can also take the form of a single straight line, with the rigid member so that the photovoltaic panels are fixed transversely.

An advantage of the present invention, and in particular the configuration of the solar tracking device is the ability to add at least one extension element in the mounting of the matrix structure in such a way that additional or other photovoltaic panels types of collection devices or solar reflectors can be connected. A non-limiting example of this is illustrated with the reference number 78 in Figure 7B. It is important to bear in mind that no unnecessary limitation should be placed on the invention, only for the demonstration of non-limiting example of an extension element.

There may be circumstances in which it may be advantageous to have more than one assembly of the matrix structure. For example, the device Solar tracking can have a couple of mounts of the matrix structures that can be positioned one next to the other. These can be adapted for rotation along a primary axis of common rotation.

The solar tracking device includes a rotation that allows the assembly of the matrix structure to follow the sun from east to west and this is activated by the rotation of the matrix around the primary axis of rotation.

The primary axis of rotation will typically be inclined or angled depending on latitude. Normally, the primary axis of rotation is adjusted between 16 ° -22 °, depending on the latitude. The rotation means typically comprise a rotary axis and will generally not be a pair of spaced axes and which rotates with the assembly of the structure of the array to be positioned between the axes spaced apart therebetween. The axis of rotation of each bar normally aligns with the axis and will typically comprise the primary axis of rotation. The main axis of rotation is typically at an angle between 16 ° and 22 ° depending on the latitude of the place where the solar tracking device is to be used.

The adjustment means can provide a shift from the primary axis of rotation of up to 38 ° to the other allowing the solar tracking device to adapt well to latitudes between 50 ° north and 50 ° south, in addition, adjustable.

The adjustment means may comprise a means for adjusting manual. Alternatively, the adjustment means can be automated using actuators and the like. The adjustment means can be activated, remotely if desired. If the adjustment means are manual adjustment means, they may comprise some form of adjustable locking means or with fastening means or other retaining means. In one example, the adjustment means may comprise part of a secondary structure assembly (described in greater detail below), with the mounting of the structure of the matrix to be mounted in an adjustable manner with respect to the assembly of the structure high school. This can be achieved using some type of means with adjustable closure. A non-limiting example of this type of adjustment means is illustrated, at least, in Figure 3, and another non-limiting example of an adjustment means is illustrated at least in Figure 6A and Figure 6B.

Alternatively, the adjustment means may comprise another beyond the assembly of the secondary structure. For example, the adjustment means may comprise adjustable arms or the like, and a non-limiting example of this type of adjustment means is illustrated, at least, in Figure 7A, Figure 7B and Figure 8.

A mounting of the secondary structure can be provided to support the assembly of the matrix structure and, to allow the mounting of the matrix structure to rotate with respect to at least a portion of the secondary structure assembly. The assembly of the Secondary structure can be operatively associated with rotating means such that it causes reciprocating movement in the assembly of the secondary structure (eg, from east to west), and as the assembly of the structure of the matrix is attached to the assembly of the secondary structure , the assembly of the matrix structure will also fluctuate (for example, from east to west). The assembly of the matrix structure can be assembled in the secondary structure assembly to compensate between the summer sun and the winter sun, particularly at higher latitudes. This will be described in more detail below.

The assembly of the secondary structure can be made of any suitable material, and the materials described with reference to the assembly of the matrix structure can be suitable. In a preferred embodiment, the assembly of the secondary structure comprises a series of elongated elements of various configurations that can be connected together to form the entire secondary structure. This will be described in more detail below.

A mounting of the support structure can be provided to support the rest of the solar tracking device at the correct inclination. The mounting of the support structure can be separated and attached to the secondary structure assembly. Alternatively, the mounting of the support structure can be part of the assembly of the secondary structure that is more convenient. In a future alternative, the assembly of the support structure may be indirectly connected to the assembly of the "face" matrix in such a way that a mounting of the secondary structure is not necessary (as in the example of Figure 8). The mounting of the support structure typically supports the solar tracking device at an angle generally along the primary axis. The mounting of the support structure can be connected to each end of the secondary structure assembly.

Accordingly, the mounting of the support structure comprises a first secondary assembly at the "polar end" of the remainder of the solar tracking device, and a second secondary assembly at the "equatorial end". The first secondary assembly can be higher and the second secondary assembly can be shorter, so it will help the positioning of the device with the correct angle of inclination depending on the latitude.

The mounting of the support structure can be made of any suitable material and the materials described with reference to the assembly of the matrix structure can be suitable. In one example, the mounting of the support structure consists of elongated pieces such as "legs". These can be adjustable in length, if desired. Each secondary assembly may comprise a pair of elongated elements (see Figure 3 as an example). Alternatively, each secondary mount may comprise a single "leg" member (see figure 6A as an example). In still a further alternative, the mounting of the support structure may comprise a "cradle", being that a non-limiting example is represented in Figure 8. It is not considered that any unnecessary limitation should be placed on the assembly of the structure of support.

It is preferred that the mounting of the support structure supports the rotation means. Therefore, a part of the mounting of the support structure can support a rotating shaft, which forms part of the turning means.

The solar tracking device can be driven by a driving means. The driving means may comprise a motor, a driving stack, an actuator or any other suitable driving means. The driving means may be operatively connected to rotating means for making the rotation of the die structure assembly. This means that the driving means can be directly coupled to the rotation or can be separated from the rotating means and operatively connected to the rotating element through an intermediate which can comprise an arm, shaft, pulley, gear, chain, belt and the like.

In a preferred aspect of the invention, a longitudinal drive system is provided, to allow more than one solar tracking device to be driven by drive means (for example, a motor). Therefore, in a preferred aspect of the present invention, a solar tracking device, two or more may be operatively connected to be operated by only one driving means. A longitudinal movement of the system can be installed to allow said operative connection. The transmission system may comprise a longitudinal rotating shaft that interconnects the interconnection of the rotation means of a solar tracking device with the rotation rotation of a second solar tracking device. The rotary axis interconnection may comprise a single axis or a number of axes that are interconnected. An example of a monitoring apparatus interconnecting two longitudinally to a separate solar system unit is illustrated with reference numeral 82 in Figure 14. Alternatively, the longitudinal drive system may comprise a belt and pulley system, or a chain and sprocket system as the rear part of figure 14 or any other suitable type of longitudinal drive.

In another preferred aspect of the invention, a lateral drive system is provided. The lateral drive system may also be provided with or in place of the longitudinal drive system. It is preferable that the lateral drive system be provided beyond the longitudinal drive system. A non-limiting example of a lateral drive system is illustrated with the reference number 131/134 in Figure 14. The lateral drive system may comprise at least one alternative arm member or shaft member as illustrated in Figure 14. However, it should be noted that no particular limitation should be placed about the invention only by a demonstration of a particular type of lateral drive system.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The preferred features, embodiments and variations of the invention can be discerned from the following detailed description that provides sufficient information for those skilled in the art to realize the invention. The detailed description should not be considered as limiting the scope of the previous Summary of the Invention in any way. The detailed description will refer to a series of drawings, as follows: Figure 1A. It illustrates an eastern elevation of the apparatus showing offset to midday typical of Winter, and which illustrates the assembly of the "face" matrix at a higher angle of inclination to place the "face" matrix assembly at right angles with the spokes of winter's sun.

Figure 1 B. Illustrates an eastern elevation showing offset at midday typical of summer, and illustrating the assembly of the "face" matrix at a lower angle of inclination that puts the "face" matrix assembly at right angles to the summer sunbeams.

Figure 2A. Illustrates a top view showing the mounting position of the varied "face" matrix on a typical winter morning and afternoon.

Figure 2B. Illustrates a top view showing the mounting position of the "face" array varied on a typical summer morning and afternoon.

Figure 3. Illustrates a top right view of an apparatus according to a first embodiment of the invention, and illustrates an assembly of the locked matrix structure for an example of a secondary structure assembly, which is connected to the axes of rotation, and which illustrates in particular the double structure in "V" supporting the arms in the assembly of the secondary structure.

Figure 4A. It illustrates an end view of the assembly of the structure of the matrix of Figure 3, and which illustrates in particular the fixed supports and the "V" shaped counter-locking members.

Figure 4B. It illustrates a side view of the right end of the assembly of the structure of the matrix of Figure 3, and that illustrates in particular the fixed support and "V" shaped concave members with key.

Figure 5. Illustrates a top right view of an apparatus with a slightly different secondary structure, and only a pair of mounting members of the "V" shaped matrix structure. These members are not axes in the secondary structure.

Figure 6A. Illustrates a top right view of an apparatus according to a second embodiment of the invention, and which illustrates in particular rods in the secondary structure, the position of the assembly of the "face" matrix being for a winter day .

Figure 6B. It illustrates an eastern elevation of the apparatus of Figure 6A in the equinox position (point of the orbit where day and night are equal in length), and which illustrates in particular the rods of the secondary structure and the wheels and guides.

Figure 6C. It illustrates another modification of the secondary rod embodiment.

Figure 7A. Illustrates an eastern elevation of an apparatus according to a third embodiment of the invention, and that illustrates in particular adjustable arms used to achieve displacement without the need for a secondary structure assembly, the position of the matrix assembly being The "face" of the device is for a winter's day.

Figure 7B. It illustrates the apparatus of Figure 7A, where the position of the array assembly of the "face" of the device is for a summer day, and also illustrates the position in which the photovoltaic modules can be added.

Figure 8. Illustrates a top right view of the device in a third embodiment, with the position of the matrix assembly of the "face" of the apparatus is for a winter day, and that illustrates in particular adjustable arms, being a part of an example of a longitudinal drive system comprising a torsion shaft that can be connected to longitudinally adjacent trackers and an assembly of the support structure comprising a final structure "A" supporting the ground connection of the support members.

Figure 9. Illustrates a top-right view of a support structure for supporting a photovoltaic tracker, having two pairs of sloping "A" exterior structures, with ground supported to connect corner members and attachment points to the ground or other structure. A tracker in this rack can operate independently of other trackers.

Figure 10. Illustrates a top-right view of a tracker support system, where longitudinally adjacent trackers are connected to a common axis with universal equilibrium or homokinetic joints. Bearing supports can be adjusted in height and length of the torsion shaft can be adjusted through a telescopic action.

Figure 1 1A. Illustrates an eastern elevation of an example of a longitudinal drive system for connecting two solar tracking apparatuses with a common torsional shaft and that the common torsion shaft does not have a supporting function and that the distal ends of the universal joints are made in the angle of inclination of supports in the distal extremities of an arm covering frame "A" at the southern end of a tracker, and at the north end of the next polar tracker positioned.

Figure 11 B. Illustrates a drive system similar to that illustrated in Figure 11 A, except that the boards are now on extension supports from "A" structures.

Figure 12A. Illustrates the east-west sections of a lateral drive system, which can be connected and operate a multiple device, with three illustrations representing the movement of a referred device from noon until the end of the afternoon, then the start of the return rotation to the east.

Figure 12B. It illustrates the east-west sections of the drive system of Figure 12A, showing the movement of the return device for the most eastern operating position, ie, the initial part of the daily movement.

Figure 13A. Illustrates a section through an eastern member resting on the ground showing a lateral drive system, according to a first embodiment of the invention, having an alternative arm "C" channel style.

Figure 13B. Illustrates a section through a member resting on the ground showing a lateral drive system according to a second embodiment of the invention, having wheel guides Dual and alternative arm tube style.

Figure 14. Illustrates a top right view showing four different devices stacked side by side and end to end with a lateral movement system and two longitudinal drive systems, and that in the foreground will be binary axis with joint design in "U" which is described in detail and one in which the rear illustrates an alternate gear tooth and a chain (or belt and pulley) of hard arrangement.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Note: The illustrations are for the Northern Hemisphere, are schematic and not to scale, and all the described embodiments are for the Northern Hemisphere.

All solar tracking devices of the concretizations have a mounting of the structure of the matrix 13. In some embodiments the assembly of the matrix structure is adjustably attached to a secondary structure assembly (59 Fig. 3 , or 61/62 Fig. 6A / 6B), which is fixed to the rotating shaft of the unit 12. In other embodiments, there is a secondary structure assembly and the "face" matrix is adjustable and mounted on the unit of axes (for example, Fig. 8). In all concretizations, an assembly of the structure of the matrix that can include conical "legs" (Fig. 1), with a single stick (Fig. 6A) or a base (Fig. 8) is provided.

The invention, as illustrated and described in the preferred embodiments, is a solar tracking system, where the solar panel can follow the movement of the sun, moving the "face" matrix: (A) around a primary axis longitudinally inclined from east to west on a daily basis and (B) around a secondary east-west axis with an incremental adjustment. This periodic adjustment consists of raising one end of the structure of the matrix higher than the starting point of the line of the longitudinal axis of rotation at one end and lowering the other end of the structure of the matrix after another point of the longitudinal axis rotation (if the adjustment is made for half a day). This gives the tracker the ability to allow seasonal changes in the elevation of the sun and position at the beginning and end of the day, and allows it to drive the "face" matrix to be almost perpendicular to the sun at the beginning and end of the day and throughout the year.

The tracker can also incorporate a new method of east-west direction and a support system that incorporates an innovative drive system (north-south). The system has greater wind resistance and less auto-shading than most two axes and single axle azimuths and requires less force than most tracking systems. Its design also allows the expansion of the area of influence of the sun in the warmer months.

One modality includes a new support system for incorporation of two new drive systems, one driving the tracker side by side (a lateral drive system) and one driving the tracker end-to-end (a longitudinal drive system). This means that many matrices can be rotated by a drive motor.

The assembly of the matrix structure can be rectangular, and when in operation, it is oriented from north to south in the realization of one or more PV modules. (photovoltaic solar panels) or CPV (photovoltaic concentration systems (CPV) use mirrors or lenses to concentrate solar radiation on photovoltaic cells.) The objective is to reduce the cost of producing electricity to these systems to replace the area of the cells or photovoltaic modules, generally of high cost, by optics of concentration of lower cost.They are systems that can achieve efficiencies higher than 25% in the production of electricity from solar energy and the values of the order of 75% of global efficiency taking into account the use of energy dissipation in cells, since normally they are executed with direct radiation, they are especially suitable for areas of the Earth where the average intensity of direct solar radiation is high Portugal, in particular the southern part of the country , is one of the most interesting areas in the world to use this technology.) or energy collection devices solar The mounting of the support structure supports the polar end of the tracking series superior to the equatorial end through two rotating axes. The line between these two axes of rotation represents a line of the primary axis, which is inclined towards the equator.

The assembly of the matrix structure revolves around the axis line from east to west and back every day.

An adaptation of a method comprising means of compensation of each of the opposite ends of the structure of the matrix up or down from the point of inclination of the axes of rotation is provided. These adjustments are made gradually, since the progress of the seasons of the year and can participate at the same time going from one end to another and down to change the angle of inclination. Alternatively, the adjustment means may first adjust one end and then adjust the other end.

Different ways to achieve this change are exposed. A shape may require that the structure of the matrix be deflected upwards or downwards and then enclosed in a secondary structure that is suspended between the rotating axes. Another involves the use of adjustable arms to make the change.

The tracker can operate independently, with its own support system as a stand-alone (a device that does not need the support of another device or system), or if the drive systems described illustrated in figures 10, 1 1 A , 1 1 B are used, an axis of Common drive could support the north end of a matrix and the southern end of an adjacent matrix. The reference numbers and identifiers of the main parts of the system described in the embodiments are the following. The illustrated embodiments may contain the additional reference numbers: 10 matrix of the "face"; 12 rotary drive axes; 13 matrix structure assembly; 15 primary axis line (north-south); 16 angle of inclination of the axis line, (0) that will be defined between 16 and 22 degrees depending on the latitude; 17 the angle of deviation 01; 18 tilt angle of the matrix, which is the sum of 0+ 01; 9 equatorial end support structure; 20 polar end support structure; L the displacement distance of the "face" matrix from the axis line at the equatorial end; L1 the displacement distance of the "face" matrix from the axis line at the polar end. (For trackers with a secondary quadro L will be equal to L1 unless the "face" matrix is defined larger than the primary axis line for reasons of weight balance); L3 the displacement distance at the polar end in summer usually less than L and L1; L4 the travel distance at the polar end in the summer. L3 and L4, may or may not be the same, in embodiments that do not have a secondary quadro; 24 closest edge of the structure of the matrix; 51 bearings; 52 support on which the bearing is mounted (adjustable in height). It can also be seen as an adjustable height support. Raised this support, the line of the secondary axis is pushed to the right; 53 support with closure fixed to the structure of the matrix; 53A equatorial end fixed support; 53B fixed polar end bracket; 54 members of the "V" form; 55 floating closure support; 56 axis line from east to west secondary; 57 mounting of the support structure in the form of "V"; 59 assembly of secondary structure; 502 locking pin; 60 member of articulation between the stem and the secondary structure; 61 lower curved (or angular) member fixed to the structure of the matrix; 62 curved upper member of the secondary structure between rotation axes; 63 fixed guides for transportation by curved rail and closing to fit the structure of the matrix with the locking pin; 64 fixed wheels for rods that move on the railway secondary structure; 65 support arm; 71 adjustable arms that can rotate in the structure of the matrix, between the axis of rotation and the elbow; 72 pivoting elbow; 73 sliding arm hingedly connected to the adjustable upper arm that slides along the pin in the lower arm locking in the desired position; 74 belt to stop the series of swinging movements of the array when approaching a high inclination; 78 position of additional solar modules, solar energy collection devices or reflectors that can be mounted between the equinoxes at the hottest end of the year; 81 universal joint or homokinetic joint; 82 torsion shaft; 83 extension support for realization of the shaft and rotating bearing in the angle; 84 earthly supported members desired, converging towards the equatorial end; 92 upper, polar, tilting outward (side view) in structure "A" (final view); 93 lower, equatorial, tilting outward in structure "A"; 95 fasteners, such as anchor stakes or screws; 96 spacer / packing platform; 102 smaller diameter / retractable extendable shaft, which can be slid telescopically in or out to change the length of the torsion shaft and locked in place with a locking bolt or nut; 103 locking pin; 11 1 arm covering the support of structure "A" that supports the bearing support, and therefore the universal joint at the desired angle; 112 bearing support; 1 13 connection support covering the support arm of structure "A"; 121 connection bar; 22 alternative arm; 131 section "C" of the alternative arm; 132 wheels / bearing guides; 133 fixing support; 134 alternative tube or arm bar; 135 wheel guides; 136 axis of wheel guides; 137 handler attached to the alternative arm; 138 pivot pin in the plastic bearing; 141 torque shaft with gear tooth and chain or pulley and belt; 142 gear tooth or pulley; 143 chain or strap.

Referring now in greater detail to the drawings and initially to Figure 1A: Figure 1A schematically illustrates the position of the "face" matrix 10 around midday in winter and illustrates the angle of deviation. On the other hand, Figure B illustrates schematically the basic position of the structure assembly of the midday matrix 10 in summer and illustrates the angle (and inverted) of lower deflection. The assembly of the "face" matrix 10 is operatively mounted on a pair of rotationally spaced means in the form of two rotary axes 12, with an axis 12 being placed on the upper end of the equatorial end bearing structure. 19 and the other axis is placed at the upper end of the polar end bearing structure 20. The axes 12 are aligned along a primary axis of rotation 15, which can also be called line of the primary axis (north-south). The axis of rotation 15 is inclined as a function of the approximate latitude. The angle of inclination of the axis line is identified as 0 in Figure 1A and will be between 16 ° and 22 °, depending on the latitude.

An adjustment means is provided to allow the "face" matrix to be more inclined or displaced from the axis of rotation 15. The letter "L" illustrates the displacement distance of the "face" matrix from the axis line 15 at the equatorial end of the device, while the letter "L1" illustrates the displacement distance of the "face" matrix from the line of axis 15 at the polar end. As shown in Figure 1A (winter shift) and Figure 1B (summer shift), the displacement distance "L3" at the polar end of summer is generally less than the displacement in winter.

The reference number 17 (see Figure 1A) illustrates the angle of inclination of the structure of the matrix 02, which is the sum of 0 + 01. The reference number 18 represents the angle of deviation 01.

Figure 2A illustrates a top view showing the mounting position of the structure of the matrix 13 in the morning and in the typical winter evening, while Figure 2B shows a top view of the assembly position of the structure of the matrix 13 in the morning and in the typical summer afternoon. The rotating drive axes 12 are illustrated in each figure as a fixed reference point.

Figure 3 illustrates a complete solar tracking device according to a first embodiment. The apparatus comprises an assembly of the structure of the die 13, which is supported by an assembly of the secondary structure 59. The assembly of the secondary structure 59 has opposite ends, which means each of the fixed ends to a rotation in the Thus, the rotation of the drive shaft 12 clockwise or counterclockwise will cause the assembly of the corresponding secondary structure 59 to oscillate clockwise or counterclockwise, which will that the assembly of the structure of the matrix 13 has balance and thus be able to track the sun. Each drive shaft 12 is mounted on an upper end of the mounting of the support structure 19, 20. The mounting of the support structure, in this particular embodiment, comprises a first shorter secondary mounting 20 at one end of the apparatus. , and more a second secondary mount 19 at the other end. Each secondary assembly comprises a pair of elongated elements. A bearing 51 is placed on a height-adjustable support bracket 52, and the bracket is mounted on the upper end of each secondary mount.

The assembly of the secondary structure 59 comprises an elongated member that is shaped to assume a stretched "U" shape. Each end of the elongate member is fixed to the drive shaft 12 accordingly.

The assembly of the matrix structure 13 supports one or more photovoltaic panels. The assembly of the matrix structure 13 comprises a metal structure which is supported by the secondary structure assembly 59 in the following manner: the lower end of the assembly of the matrix structure 13 (see Figure 3) is fixed to the lower end of the secondary structure assembly, by a blocking support 53A. The blocking support 53A can block the secondary structure assembly 59 in different positions to adjust the mounting angle of the structure of the die 13 relative to the secondary structure assembly. The secondary structure assembly is provided with a plurality of spaced openings and the blocking support 53A can block any of these holes by a locking pin.

In a similar manner, a second floating blocking support 55 is provided at the other end of the secondary structure assembly 59 and this support 55 may also be attached to any of the openings spaced at the other end of this secondary structure assembly.

A pair of "V" -shaped closure components 54 is provided to the space at the upper end of the assembly of the matrix structure of the secondary structure assembly. A further pair of similar locking components 54 is provided to lock the lower end of the assembly of the matrix structure 13 and this second pair of locking components is fixed to another floating support 55 lockable. In addition, the support is provided with an additional pair of structure 57, of which the lower end is typically connected to the secondary structure assembly. Finally, the height of an adjustable support 58 is provided with a lower end of an adjustable shape, which can be assembled in the assembly of secondary structure 59, and the upper end of which is fixed to the assembly of the structure of the matrix 13. The movement (of adjustment) of this range 58, and particularly high of this range will push the line of the secondary axis 56 to the right.

The arrangement allows the assembly of the structure of the die 13 to rotate or be displaced relative to the secondary structure assembly in a particular manner. The assembly of the die structure can be adjusted relative to the primary shaft line 15 by any rotation about the secondary axis 56 as opposed to simple tilting up or down at one end of the die structure assembly. This particular displacement arrangement results in half of the assembly of the matrix structure shifting above the primary shaft line 15 and the other half of the assembly of the matrix structure shifting below the primary shaft line 15. , which is illustrated in Figure 3, and is also illustrated, at least, in Figures 1A and 1B.

Figure 4A is an end view of the assembly of the structure of the matrix 13 and particularly a narrow view illustrating the closure support fixed to the structure of the matrix 53 and the fixed locking pin 52 which is locked in one of the openings about the structure assembly secondary illustrated in Figure 3. Figure 4 also illustrates the "V" shaped mounting by supporting the members 54 of the lower ends of which are connected to the floating closure bracket 55 which also has a locking pin 52. The Figure 4B is a side view of the right end of the array structure assembly.

Figure 5 illustrates a slightly different form of the secondary structure. There are only a couple of support elements in the form of "V", which are rigidly fixed in the secondary structure. There is no way to move the position of the east-west axis 56 with this arrangement.

Figures 6A, 6B and 6C illustrate another broad embodiment of the invention, the main difference being the configuration of the secondary structure assembly. In this particular configuration, the assembly of the structure of the die 13 is supported on a generally curved assembly. The assembly comprises a curved upper member 61 which is fixed to the structure assembly of the matrix, and a curved lower member 62, which is below the curved upper member 61. The curved upper member 61 can be guided along the member lower curved 62 using a series of guide wheels 64.

Therefore, the angle of inclination of the mounting of the structure of the die 13 can be adjusted in relation to the secondary structure assembly, when in the desired configuration, it can be locked in place by three lockable spaced guide members 63. guide member 63 form a double function, i.e., (1) to keep the curved upper member 61 and not drop it on the curved lower member 62, and (2) to lock the curved upper member 61 (and therefore, the entire assembly of the structure of the die 13) to decrease the curved lower member 62 (part of the secondary structure assembly). The locking device can be made using a locking pin so that it can be similar to the locking device described with reference to Figure 3.

The curved lower member 62 has opposite ends that are fixed to the drive shaft 12, so that rotation of the drive shaft 12 causes rotation of the curved lower member 62 and, therefore, the curved upper member 61 and, therefore, the "face" matrix 10. The primary axis of rotation (which is the common axis of rotation of the drive axes 12) is inclined at the desired angle (depending on latitude) and this is achieved by a pair of spaced supports 20 and 19 together, which comprise the support structure assembly. Therefore, the solar tracking apparatus, as illustrated in Figure 6A and Figure 6B provides the same function as the solar tracking device, as illustrated in Figure 3 and Figure 5, but with a different construction.

Referring now to Figures 7A, 7B and Figure 8, a third embodiment of the invention is illustrated, in which basically the assembly of the matrix structure 13 is supported without the need for the secondary structure assembly described in the Figure 3 and in Figures 6A and 6B. In this third embodiment of the invention, the assembly of the structure of the matrix 13 is maintained at the desired angle by means of adjustable and pivoting arms 71. The solar tracking device of this third embodiment comprises once more a opposite pair of generally vertical support 19, 20, which rests on the drive shafts 12 in a manner not very different from that described above. With each drive shaft 12 there is one end of an adjustable arm 71. The other end of the adjustable arm is connected to another adjustable arm 71 by a pivoting elbow 72. The axis of rotation of the pivoting elbow 72 is perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the shaft of drive 12. Therefore, rotation of the drive shaft 12 will cause the pair of adjustable arms to be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise (as appropriate). However, each pair of adjustable arms can be adjusted with respect to the other (that is, the angle between each pair of adjustable arms can be adjusted) which will adjust the angle of inclination of the "face" matrix assembly 10. This is clearly illustrated in Figure 7A and Figure 7B, where in Figure 7B, each pair of adjustable arms should rotate with respect to each other to be closer to each other in relation to the angle of each pair of arms. adjustable in Figure 7A. Therefore, the obtuse angle between the adjustable arms illustrated in Figure 7A, the tilt of the "face" matrix assembly 10 is greater than the acute angle between the adjustable arms illustrated in Figure 7B, where the Mount of the "face" matrix has a more horizontal orientation.

To maintain the adjustable arms 71 at a desired angle a new sliding arm 73 is provided, which is pivoting and connected to one of the arm members and can be locked to the other arm member, when the arm members are in the arm. desired position.

Finally, a connecting strap 74 may be provided to prevent the die from rotating downward when approaching a high inclination.

Also illustrated in Figure 7B is the ability to provide an extension 78 to allow additional solar modules (eg, photovoltaic panels) to be mounted between the equinoxes at the hot end of the year (when the "face" array is assembled). 10 is of any more horizontal position than that illustrated in Figure 7B, and therefore, an extension panel 78 can be connected without hitting the ground or other parts of the solar tracking device).

Referring to Figure 8, a slight variation of the embodiments of Figure 7A and 7B is illustrated in that the vertical support structures 19, 20 have been replaced by a member of the supporting structure type in the floor 84. support member 84 has a bottom contact with the ground, and the end portions 92,93, extend upwards. The upper end of each part contains an extension support 83 in which a bearing 51 can be fixed and the drive shaft 12 can be supported by the respective bearing 51.

In this particular embodiment, a mechanism is shown to allow different solar tracking devices to be coupled together and operated from a single motor. This is achieved by the use of a longitudinal drive system. The drive system comprises a longitudinal elongated torsion axis 82, one end of which is coupled to a universal joint 81, which is connected to a respective drive shaft 12. The other end of the same elongated torsion shaft 82 is attached to another universal joint 81, which is connected to the drive shaft of a second solar tracking device. Therefore, two or more solar tracking devices can be rotated by a single motor or other actuator by coupling one device to another using the elongated torsion shaft 82.

Referring now to Figure 10, a particular type of elongated torsion shaft 82 is illustrated in greater detail. The shaft 82 can be supported for rotation by spaced bearings 51, each bearing being supported on a support 52 and supported. by elongate members, legs or support structures 19, 20. The length of the shaft 82 can be adjusted by an extensible / retractable diameter of the minor axis 102, which can be telescopic in relation to the rest of the shaft 82 and can be block in a desired position using a pin lock 103. In this particular embodiment, it is important to take into account that each end of the torsion shaft 82 is directly coupled in the assembly of the secondary structure or other part of the solar tracking device and therefore each end of the axle torsion 82 comprises the drive shaft 12, in an identified manner.

Figure 11A illustrates a slightly different type of torsion axis arrangement, where the torsion axis 82 itself is supported by bearings 51, etc., rather, instead interconnect the drive shafts 12 which are supported by bearings 51 and the drive shafts to be connected with a torque of the shaft 82 a universal joint 81.

Figure 11B is similar to the embodiment illustrated in Figure 11 A, except that the bearings 51 rest on the extension of the support 83 as opposed to an assembly of the support structure 111 illustrated in Figure 11 A.

Referring now to Figure 9, a support-type structure arrangement is illustrated with the solar tracking device, illustrating various anchors 95 and spacers 96 to help anchor the solar tracking device on a support surface. Figure 9 also illustrates the pairs of guide wheels that are part of a lateral drive system, better illustrated in Figure 14 and the alternatives illustrated in Figure 13A and 13B.

Figure 14 shows examples of lateral and longitudinal drive systems which in combination may allow many trackers stacked side by side and end to end being driven by a drive motor. Two possible longitudinal drive systems are illustrated using also a common torsion shaft.

Figure 14 also illustrates a pair of solar tracking devices connected side-by-side by a side-firing system that includes an alternate arm, which may be a "C" section of the alternate arm 131 (shown in greater detail in the Figure 13A) or of an elongated rod or tube type of the reciprocating arm 134 (shown in greater detail in Figure 13B). The arm 131/134 is located between the opposite wheel 135 in the support base of each solar tracking device. The arm 31/134 is connected to the secondary structure assembly 59 by a connecting rod 121 which is articulated both with the arm and with the secondary structure assembly 59. Therefore, the reciprocating movement of the arm will cause the mounting of the arm. the "face" matrix 10 of each solar tracking device can rotate to follow the sun.

It is important to note that the connecting rod 121 will have an almost vertical orientation when the matrix is in a position most likely to wind and, as the guides 132, 135 will prevent the arms from moving up or down, the tracker is more capable of resist the forces of the wind than conventional side drive systems.

Furthermore, it is possible to make the longitudinal drive system 82 or 141 and the lateral drive system 131, be connected by a single drive motor (in a synchronized manner) to a "face" array assembly of several tracking devices. solar, which can be aligned longitudinally (one after another) or laterally (side by side).

Referring now to Figure 13A, a non-limiting embodiment is illustrated to a particular type of lateral drive system. This particular system comprises the "C" section of the alternative arm 131 and is supported for reciprocating movement by guide wheels 132 running on an axle 136; the shaft will be supported by a support in the form of "L" 133, which can be screwed to a part of the support cavity 84 of a solar tracking device. The pivoting connecting rod 121 is connected to the reciprocating movement 131 by means of a support 137, the connecting rod 121 being normally connected similarly to a part of the solar tracking device.

Figure 13B is generally similar, except that the "C" section of the alternative arm 131 was replaced by a circular tube 134 which is guided by guide wheels 135, which rotate about a vertical axis.

Figures 12A and 12B illustrate how reciprocal side-shot play can make the turn of the "face" matrix assembly 10 from east to west and from west to east.

The tracker has the ability to act as a single inclined axis tracker when the structure of the matrix is blocked in the secondary structure in the plane parallel to the line of the longitudinal axis. This occurs around the spring and fall equinoxes.

In addition, the north and south ends of the matrix structure can be offset in opposite directions to each other. One end is closed below the axis line so that early in the morning until the end of the afternoon, no oscillations occur through an arc below the axis line. This is counteracted by the other end of the die to be larger than the axis of travel line through an arc along the axis line, when the die is connected daily along the main longitudinal axis.

This compensation adjustment can be made gradually to keep the "face" matrix within an acceptable range of being normal to the sun. If this adjustment is carried out manually, it is a simple procedure, taking less than two minutes per matrix.

From the moment of the autumn equinox, when the matrix of the "face" is approximately parallel to the longitudinal axis, at midday, the inclination of the equator is gradually increased (equatorial line is adjusted downwards and / or the polar end is adjusted upwards) (Figure 1A). On a winter morning, the matrix begins the day it faces SE (it refers to any description of the Northern Hemisphere), but due to the displacement, in the afternoon the matrix automatically faces SW, where the winter sun is the configuration (Figure 2A).

Once the winter solstice passes, the equatorial end rises progressively and / or the polar end progressively reduces until, during the summer, early in the morning, the matrix faces ENE, at midday the matrix of the "face" is close horizontally (+ or - 10 degrees) and in the afternoon the "face" matrix faces WNW following the sun's trajectory throughout the day (Figure 2B).

This represents a significant improvement over the single axis azimuthal trackers, not that it will always face east in the morning and west in the afternoon, as much as 30 degrees outside the sun's rays at this time.

Another advantage is that in the initial and final positions of the winter season, the large end of the matrix structure moves downward and the oscillations lower so that the shadows moved diagonally to the north are shorter than for many double or single axis trackers.

In addition, the weight of the die is balanced and the force required to rotate the die is relatively low.

One embodiment has a rotational torsion axis common between the north-south matrices which act conjugated as part of the support structure, addition of a reinforcement and of advantage of mismatch, that is, material costs can be minimized. This arrangement means that a moving drive unit of a tracker will also transform one or more trackers longitudinally connected in exact phase to one another.

A lateral (east-west) complementary drive system has much more wind blocking capacity than existing transmission systems. The use of this drive system, together with the longitudinal drive system allows multiple lines of trackers to be driven by an alternate arm.

The system also has an additional benefit of being able to have added photovoltaic modules or additional reflective surfaces in the hottest months, since these times that the equatorial end of the matrix structure is well off the ground and shadow of the trackers around.

The present invention can provide greater efficiency than dual-axis trackers with the simplicity and cost-effectiveness of a single-axis tracker. The invention allows the "face" matrix to closely monitor the sun in all seasons of the year and capture more solar energy in the early morning and late afternoon than most trackers.

In winter, this tracker produces less diagonal self-shading, which occurs in most trackers. This allows the separation from north to south, near the stacked matrices. So for comparable ground cover rates, trackers can be placed more laterally separated, that is, early in the morning and at the end of the afternoon the shading is reduced and the capacity factor is improved.

The system is suitable for latitudes between 50 degrees north and 50 degrees south, with fixed tilt adjustments between 16 and 22 degrees and adjustable offset by adding another + or - 38 degrees. This allows the maximum inclination towards the equator in winter, up to 60 degrees at noon.

Manual adjustment is the described method of adjusting the displacement of the matrix structure, but the adjustment can be easily automated using actuators or the like. This provides the opportunity to make the adjustment more frequently (perhaps during each day) and by remote control.

The preferred mode has standard solar photovoltaic modules, but the system would also work well for the solar thermal system and a range of concentration systems, and is also very suitable for bifacial modules.

According to the statute, the invention has been described in a language more or less specific to the structural or methodical characteristics. The term "comprising" and variations thereof, such as "comprising" and "composed of" is used throughout in an inclusive sense, not the exclusion of any additional features. It is it is understood that the invention is not limited to the specific features shown or described since the means described herein comprise preferred ways of practicing the invention. Accordingly, the invention is claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the appropriate scope of the appended claims properly interpreted by those skilled in the art.

Throughout the description and claims (if any), unless the context indicates otherwise, the term "substantially" or "about" shall be understood to not be limited to the value of the condition of the conditioned interval.

Any embodiment of the invention is intended to be illustrative only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Therefore, it is to be understood that various other changes and modifications can be made to any embodiment described without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

Claims (19)

1. A solar tracking device comprising a mounting of the matrix structure adapted to support at least one solar energy harvesting product, having opposite ends; the rotation means comprise a pair of drive members spaced apart from the unit to allow the assembly of the matrix structure to be rotated, at least, to follow the sun from east to west along an inclined axis of rotation to opposite ends of said assembly of the matrix structure approximated to the members of the unit and adjustment means, to allow the assembly of the matrix structure to be adjusted in relation to the primary axis of rotation to allow for seasonal changes of elevation and changes in the declination of the sun throughout the day; adjustment means being operable for one or both of the ends of the assembly of the matrix structure and comprising a first part connected in relation to each actuating element and a second part of adjustable form connected to the first part to allow the adjustment of said assembly of the structure of the matrix relative to the primary axis of rotation.

2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the first part comprises an assembly of the secondary structure adapted to maintain the mounting of the matrix structure in the desired position and orientation.

3. The apparatus of claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the members of the unit comprise two axes of rotation, each supporting one end of the secondary structure assembly, of which the axes have an axis of rotation that defines the primary rotation axis.

4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 3, including a mounting of the support structure adapted to support the rotary axes in a longitudinal direction, with a polar end of said support structure being at a higher elevation relative to the structure of support at an equatorial end according to a line between the rotary axes comprising the primary axis of rotation.

5. The apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the mounting of the matrix structure is provided with opposed distal ends, and the adjustment means allow the distal ends to be moved along a line of secondary east-west axis (midday), so that when it moves from the distal end of the said to the other distal end, it moves upward, when the desired position is reached and the structure of the matrix is locked in position.

6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5, wherein the line of the east-west axis is more or less halfway along the assembly of the matrix structure.

7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 5 or claim 6, wherein the mounting of the die structure is locked in position against the mounting of the secondary structure by a lockable lock bracket centrally secured at the equatorial end of said structure. The structure of the matrix and a second support with lockable lock is fixed at the polar end of the structure of the matrix, both said lockable lockable supports being adapted to block said secondary structure.

8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 7, further comprising a pair of locking components associated with each end of said die structure assembly, near the corners of the die structure assembly, designed below the assembly of the structure of the matrix, with a support with lockable lock connected to a lower end of the said counter-winding members and which is adapted to block about the secondary structure, when said lockable lockable supports are not close to the structure high school.

9. The apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the mounting of the secondary structure comprises a rigid member having an upward facing surface, generally concave in shape, which is suspended between said unit elements in a north-south direction.

10. The apparatus as claimed in any of the claims from 2 to 9, including a first and a second pair of support elements comprising an approximate means of mounting the secondary structure generating a double "V" shape (when see from each end), convergent to the upper ends of said support members that rotationally support each side of the assembly of the matrix structure at the points of support, of a line between the support points representing the east-west axis secondary, on which the distal ends of the matrix structure can be moved up or down.

11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 10, wherein said first pair of support members are adjustable in length with said second pair of support members, being indispensable at the point of attachment to the assembly of the secondary structure in such a way that he elongation of the first pair of support members push the assembly of the matrix structure into an arch.

12. The apparatus as claimed in any of the claims from 3 to 7 and 9, comprising a member fixed longitudinally downwards of the structure of the matrix in which at least two wheels and at least three guides are fixed, being that said wheels are capable of mounting a semicircular rail above the secondary structure causing the ends of the assembly of the matrix structure to be compensated opposite with respect to the primary axis of rotation and then locked in the desired position in the assembly of the secondary structure with the guides that have the function of lockable brackets.

13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ends of the assembly of the matrix structure can be compensated opposite along the primary axis of rotation, the angle of inclination of the "face" matrix being adapted it can be varied, with or without the ends being compensated equally.

14. The apparatus as claimed in claim 13, comprising arms on both ends of the assembly of the structure of the matrix, being that the arms are adapted to rotate at fixation points to the assembly of the matrix structure and having pivoting elbows between the assembly of the structure of the matrix and the members of the unit, which keeps said arms in the desired position by means of a lockable additional blocking arm.

15. The apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, including a mounting of the support structure to support each end of the secondary structure assembly or the mounting of the matrix structure, wherein the mounting of the support structure in one end is higher than the mounting of the support structure at the other end and the mounting of the support structure is adapted to be fixed to a support surface.

16. A solar tracking system comprising a first apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, and a second apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the first apparatus and the second apparatus are longitudinally aligned along of a north-south alignment, and a longitudinal system unit interconnects the first and second apparatuses in such a way that the rotation of the first apparatus will cause the rotation of the second apparatus.

17. A system as claimed in claim 16, wherein the drive system includes a binary longitudinal axis that is operatively associated with the drive shaft of one of said apparatus and operatively associated with the drive shaft of another said drive apparatus. such that the rotation of the torsion shaft will cause the rotation of each said drive shaft.

18. A solar tracking system comprising a first apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims and a second apparatus as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the first and the second apparatus are in a lateral orientation, and A lateral drive system interconnects the first and the second apparatus in such a way that the rotation of the first apparatus will cause the rotation of the second apparatus.

19. A system as claimed in claim 18, wherein the lateral drive system comprises at least one alternate elongated member operatively connected to the solar tracking apparatus through a rod, which is hingedly connected to the elongate member and the apparatus.