WO2020237882A1

WO2020237882A1 - Photovoltaic tracking device and photovoltaic tracking system

Info

Publication number: WO2020237882A1
Application number: PCT/CN2019/103461
Authority: WO
Inventors: 王士涛; 俞正明; 杨颖�; 栾金泉; 王敏杰; 童舜勇
Original assignee: 江苏中信博新能源科技股份有限公司
Priority date: 2019-05-29
Filing date: 2019-08-29
Publication date: 2020-12-03
Also published as: CN110011609A

Abstract

A photovoltaic tracking device and a photovoltaic tracking system. The photovoltaic tracking device comprises: a column fixed on the ground; a bearing seat (3) provided on the column, a bearing (5) being nested inside the bearing seat (3); a main beam (6) passing through the bearing (5), a plurality of photovoltaic cell assemblies (9) being mounted on the main beam (6) in the extending direction thereof; and an adjustment assembly for synchronously adjusting the angles of the plurality of photovoltaic cell assemblies (9); the adjustment assembly comprises a plurality of reducers (12) arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the main beam (6), a transmission rod (14) connecting all the reducers (12), and a transmission assembly (18) connected to an output end of each of the reducers (12), the photovoltaic cell assemblies (9) being connected to the transmission assembly (18); by driving the reducers (12) and/or the transmission rod (14) to rotate, the plurality of reducers (12) are driven to rotate at the same angle, thereby driving the plurality of photovoltaic cell assemblies (9) to rotate at the same angle. The device is simple and convenient to install, and can be adjusted quickly by one person, saving labor, and reducing cost.

Description

Photovoltaic tracking device and photovoltaic tracking system

Technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaic trackers, in particular to provide a photovoltaic tracking device and a photovoltaic tracking system.

Background technique

Photovoltaic panels are a kind of power generation device that can generate direct current under sunlight. It is composed of thin fixed photovoltaic cells made of semiconductor materials (such as silicon), and is usually used in conjunction with batteries. When photovoltaic panels are in use, they mainly use the photovoltaic effect of solar cell semiconductor materials to directly convert solar radiation energy into electrical energy. Photovoltaic panels are mainly used in remote areas without power grids and areas with scattered populations. In areas with public power grids, photovoltaic panels can be connected to the grid for grid-connected operation. Photovoltaic panels have higher power generation efficiency and better environmental performance.

During the manufacturing process of photovoltaic panels, in order to collect more sunlight, the panel area of the photovoltaic panels is usually set to be larger, which makes the photovoltaic panels bulkier. In the process of using photovoltaic panels, in order to maximize the collection of sunlight, the panel surface of the photovoltaic panel is usually aligned with the side irradiated by sunlight for a long time. The angle of sunlight is inconsistent at different times of the year. Therefore, during the use of photovoltaic panels, it is necessary to adjust the angular position of the photovoltaic panels at intervals. Because the photovoltaic panels are relatively heavy, the brackets currently used to support the photovoltaic panels are usually detachable brackets. When the angle position of the photovoltaic panels needs to be adjusted, tools, etc. are required to operate the photovoltaic panel brackets, which makes the angle adjustment operation of the photovoltaic panels very Complex, time-consuming and laborious. At the same time, the common seasonal adjustable photovoltaic support structures on the market include: single-arc seasonal adjustable photovoltaic support, jack-type seasonal adjustable photovoltaic support, slow construction and installation progress, difficult adjustment, and poor stability.

Summary of the invention

To solve the above technical problems, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic tracking device and a photovoltaic tracking system. The device is simple and convenient to install, can be adjusted quickly by a single person, saves manpower and saves costs.

In order to achieve the above objective, the technical solution applied by the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic tracking device, including:

Column, fixed to the ground;

A bearing seat, which is arranged on the column, and a bearing is nested inside the bearing seat;

The main beam penetrates in the bearing, and a plurality of photovoltaic cell modules are installed on the main beam along its extension direction;

An adjustment assembly for synchronously adjusting the angles of the plurality of photovoltaic cell assemblies, the adjustment assembly comprising: a plurality of reducers arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the main beam, a transmission rod connecting each of the reducers, and A transmission assembly connected to the output end of each reducer, and the photovoltaic cell assembly is connected to the transmission assembly. By driving the reducer and/or the transmission rod to rotate, the multiple reducers are driven to rotate at the same angle , Thereby driving the multiple photovoltaic cell modules to rotate at the same angle.

In this embodiment, preferably, the reducer is a two-stage worm gear reducer, the output end of the two-stage worm gear reducer has a first output shaft and a second output shaft, the two ends of the transmission rod are respectively connected One of the first output shafts of the two-stage worm gear reducer and the adjacent input shaft of the other two-stage worm gear reducer, the transmission assembly is connected to each of the two-stage worm gear reducer The second output shaft.

In this embodiment, preferably, the first output shaft and the second output shaft are parallel or perpendicular to each other, and the transmission rod connecting the first output shaft and the transmission assembly connecting the second output shaft are parallel or perpendicular to each other.

In this embodiment, preferably, the transmission assembly includes a gear wheel assembly that is wrapped and arranged on the main beam and a gear wheel assembly engaged with the gear wheel assembly for transmission, and the gear wheel assembly and the secondary worm gear The second output shaft of the reducer is connected.

In this embodiment, preferably, the toothed disk assembly includes a toothed disk arranged in a sector shape and a tooth portion provided on the toothed disk, and the toothed portion is provided on the arc-shaped outer edge of the toothed disk, or, The tooth plate is provided with an arc-shaped through slot, and the tooth portion is provided on the upper inner wall of the through slot.

In this embodiment, it is preferable that the main beam is a single beam, or, the main beams are arranged parallel to each other in multiples.

Another technical solution applied by the present invention is to provide a photovoltaic tracking system, which includes a plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices described in any one of the above embodiments, and the plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices are connected in sequence.

In this embodiment, preferably, a plurality of the photovoltaic tracking devices are arranged in a single row.

In this embodiment, preferably, a plurality of the photovoltaic tracking devices are arranged at a preset angle, and the transmission rods at the intersection of the plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices are connected by a universal joint.

Preferably, in this embodiment, a plurality of the photovoltaic tracking devices are arranged side by side, and the transmission rods between the photovoltaic tracking devices in two adjacent rows are perpendicular to the main beam.

In this embodiment, preferably, it further includes a geared motor and an electric control box. The geared motor is located at one end of the photovoltaic tracking system and is used to drive the reducer to rotate. The electric control box is connected to the geared motor. The electric control box controls the reduction motor to drive the photovoltaic tracking system daily.

The present invention provides a photovoltaic tracking device and a photovoltaic tracking system, which can bring at least one of the following beneficial effects:

1. In the present invention, the photovoltaic tracking device is simple and convenient to install, and can be adjusted quickly by a single person, which saves manpower and costs.

2. In the present invention, the maximum load-bearing value of the main beam can be greatly reduced by realizing a multi-point drive for the photovoltaic tracking system, thereby reducing the wall thickness of the main beam and saving the material cost of the main beam.

3. In the present invention, the overall wind load resistance capability of the system is improved through multi-point driving, which eliminates a larger load area and at the same time eliminates more factors prone to vibration and improves product stability.

4. In the present invention, because the length of the main shaft can exceed the existing length of the photovoltaic tracking system, the number of components that can be installed is large. For the high voltage of string system that is pursuing low cost, such as 1500V system voltage, it can perfectly match the appropriate string The quantity, even for the back-end DC-AC inverter channels, can make full use of the inverter's multi-channels, and will not cause loss of the inverter grid-connected channels. For the string system voltage that the photovoltaic industry has been committed to increasing, the length of the photovoltaic tracking system can be adjusted and it is also extremely flexible.

Description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic tracking device in the first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic tracking device in the first embodiment from another perspective.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting component in the first embodiment.

Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the photovoltaic tracking system in the fourth embodiment.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the adjusting assembly in the second embodiment.

Description with icon number:

1. Supporting column, 2. Drive column, 3. Bearing seat, 4. Connecting plate, 5. Bearing, 6. Main beam, 7. Main beam connector, 8. Purlin assembly, 9. Photovoltaic cell assembly, 10. Teeth Disc assembly, 11. Wheel assembly, 12. Reducer, 13. Geared motor, 14. Transmission rod, 15. First universal joint, 16. Control box, 17. Second universal joint, 18. Transmission assembly, 19. Arc-shaped through slot, 20. Teeth.

Detailed ways

Although the present invention can be easily represented in different forms of embodiments, only some of the specific embodiments are shown in the drawings and will be described in detail in this specification. At the same time, it is understood that this specification should be regarded as the present specification. The exemplary description of the principle of the invention is not intended to limit the invention to that described herein.

Therefore, a feature pointed out in this specification will be used to describe one of the features of an embodiment of the present invention, rather than implying that each embodiment of the present invention must have the described feature. In addition, it should be noted that this specification describes many features. Although certain features can be combined to illustrate possible system designs, these features can also be used in other unspecified combinations. Thus, unless otherwise stated, the illustrated combinations are not intended to be limiting.

In the embodiment shown in the drawings, the direction indications (such as up, down, left, right, front and back) are used to explain the structure and movement of the various components of the present invention are not absolute but relative. These instructions are appropriate when these components are in the positions shown in the drawings. If the description of the position of these components changes, the directions of these directions will also change accordingly.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in this specification.

In the first embodiment, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic tracking device, which includes a column, a bearing seat 3, a main beam 6 and an adjustment component. Among them, the uprights are channel steel or steel pipes, the uprights are fixed on the bottom surface by piling, and a plurality of uprights are arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the main beam 6. The bearing seat 3 is fixed on the column, and a bearing 5 is nested inside the bearing seat 3. Preferably, the top of the column is provided with a connecting plate 4, the connecting plate 4 is connected or welded to the top of the column by screws, and the bearing seat 3 is fixed on the connecting plate 4 by screws. Preferably, the bearing 5 is a plastic bearing. The main beam 6 is inserted in the bearing 5, and a plurality of photovoltaic cell modules 9 are installed on the main beam 6 along its extension direction. Preferably, there are a plurality of purlin assemblies 8 on the main beam 6, and the plurality of photovoltaic cell assemblies 9 are fixed on the main beam 6 via the purlin assemblies 8.

The adjustment assembly is used to adjust the angle of a plurality of photovoltaic cell assemblies 9 synchronously. Specifically, the adjustment assembly includes: a plurality of reducers 12 arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the main beam 6, a transmission rod 14 connected to each reducer 12, a transmission assembly 18 connected to the output end of each reducer 12, photovoltaic cells The assembly 9 is connected to the transmission assembly 18, and by driving the reducer 12 and/or the transmission rod 14 to rotate, the multiple reducers 12 are driven to rotate at the same angle, thereby driving the multiple photovoltaic cell assemblies 9 to rotate at the same angle. Preferably, the reducer 12 is a two-stage worm gear reducer, the output end of the two-stage worm gear reducer has a first output shaft and a second output shaft, and both ends of the transmission rod 14 are respectively connected to one of the two-stage worm gear reducer The first output shaft is adjacent to the input shaft of another two-stage worm gear reducer, and the transmission assembly 18 is connected to the second output shaft of each two-stage worm gear reducer.

In the second embodiment, as shown in Figs. 1, 2 and 3, on the basis of the first embodiment, the main beam 6 is a single main beam. The transmission assembly 18 includes a ring gear assembly 10 wrapped and arranged on the main beam 6 and a dial assembly 11 engaged with the ring assembly 10 for transmission. The dial assembly 11 is connected to the second output shaft of the secondary worm gear reducer. The column includes a plurality of supporting columns 1 and a driving column 2. The plurality of supporting columns 1 and the plurality of driving columns 2 are spaced along the extension direction of the main beam 6. The dial assembly 11 and the reducer 12 are installed on the driving column 2. Among them, the chainring assembly 10 is a sector-shaped chainring assembly. The upper end of the chainring assembly 10 is fixed on the lower side of the main beam 6. The chainring assembly 10 includes a chainring arranged in a sector shape and a toothed disc arranged on the arc-shaped outer edge of the toothing disc. The tooth part is fitted and connected with the wheel assembly 11.

As shown in FIG. 5, as another modification of this embodiment, an arc-shaped through slot 19 is provided on the ring gear assembly 10, and the tooth portion 20 of the ring gear assembly 10 is provided on the upper inner wall of the arc-shaped through slot 19. The wheel assembly 11 extends into the arc-shaped through slot 19 and is used for meshing and rotating with the tooth 20.

The middle of the drive column 2 is welded with a fixed seat, the dial assembly 11 is fixed on the left side of the fixed seat by screws, the reducer 12 is fixed on the right side of the fixed seat by screws, the second output shaft of the reducer 12 and the dial assembly 11 connection. Preferably, one end of the transmission rod 14 is connected to the first output shaft of the reducer 12 via the first universal joint 15, and the other end of the transmission rod 14 is connected to the input shaft of another adjacent reducer. The reduction motor 13 is connected to the input shaft of the reducer 12. In this embodiment, the first output shaft and the second output shaft are parallel to each other, and the transmission rod connecting the first output shaft and the transmission assembly 18 connecting the second output shaft are parallel to each other . When the reduction motor 13 drives the input shaft to rotate, it drives the first output shaft and the second output shaft to rotate at the same time. Since the transmission rod 14 is connected to the input shaft of the next reduction motor 13, the power is transmitted to the next reduction gear, and then each The second output shaft of the reducer rotates at the same angle synchronously, realizing the form of multi-point driving on the main beam 6, which can greatly reduce the maximum load-bearing value of the main beam 6, thereby reducing the wall thickness of the main beam 6 and saving the main beam 6. Material cost.

As another modification of this embodiment, the main beams 6 are arranged in parallel with each other, and the top of the single-row column is provided with the above-mentioned multiple main beams 6 arranged side by side. Specifically, the top of each column is provided with an extension The connecting plate 4 whose direction is perpendicular to the main beam 6 is provided with a plurality of bearing seats 3 corresponding to the plurality of main beams 6, each bearing seat 3 is provided with a bearing 5, and each main beam 6 is penetrated In the corresponding bearing 5. Each row of main beams 6 is provided with a single row of photovoltaic cell modules 9 or multiple rows of main beams 6 are provided with a single row of photovoltaic cell modules 9. The installation structure of the photovoltaic cell modules 9 is the same as in the previous embodiment. Each row of main beams 6 is provided with a set of adjusting components. In this case, the first output shaft and the second output shaft are perpendicular to each other, and the transmission rod 14 connected to the first output shaft and the transmission component 18 connected to the second output shaft are perpendicular to each other , So that the transmission rod 14 transmits the power to another main beam 6 side by side, realizing the synchronous linkage of the multiple main beams 6 arranged side by side.

The geared motor 13 is installed on the driving column 2 at one end, the control box 16 is installed on the driving column 2, and the control box 16 is located above the geared motor 13. The control box 16 is connected with the decelerating motor 13, and the electric control box 16 controls the decelerating motor 13 to drive the photovoltaic tracking system daily.

In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, on the basis of the first and second embodiments, this embodiment provides a photovoltaic tracking system, which includes a plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices as described in the above embodiments, and a plurality of photovoltaic The tracking devices are connected in turn. A plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices are arranged in a single row, a plurality of main beams 6 are connected by a main beam connector 7, and a plurality of transmission rods 14 are connected by a second universal joint 17.

During the all-day tracking work of the photovoltaic tracker, the main beam 6 assumes the role of supporting the photovoltaic cell assembly 9 and transmitting the rotational torque. However, since the photovoltaic tracker is usually long, in the process of the main beam 6 transmitting torsion, the reverse torque will also be superimposed section by section toward the center of the photovoltaic tracker in a reverse manner along the main beam 6. In order to prevent the main beam 6 from being damaged by the excessively large reverse torque step by step toward the middle, usually the main beam of the photovoltaic tracker cannot be too long. To extend the length of the main girder, the existing method is usually to thicken the main girder, but the cost increase caused by thickening the main girder is very obvious. Usually due to the increase in the weight of the main girder, other structural parts of the photovoltaic tracker will also be proposed. Higher design requirements. The single-axis length of the flat single-axis photovoltaic tracking system has certain restrictions, generally about 15 to 40 meters. A few system structures have a single-axis length of about 90 meters, but the 90-meter-long photovoltaic structure system will As a result, the torque of the main shaft at the intermediate driving point is too large, and the areas close to the ends of the long shaft are reduced by the constraints of the driving structure. In use, the structures at both ends of the long shaft will vibrate under the action of wind load.

In this embodiment, by arranging a plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices in a single row, the plurality of adjusting components synchronously drive the photovoltaic cell assembly 9 to rotate through the transmission rod 14, and the length of the main beam 6 carried by each photovoltaic tracking device is 10 meters. To 40 meters. Through such a multi-point arrangement, the main shaft length of the photovoltaic tracking system can be made infinitely long, so that more project needs can be met. Among them, the main shaft refers to the long axis formed by connecting multiple main beams 6. The photovoltaic tracking system is equipped with a geared motor 13, a control box 16, and multiple adjustment components. A two-stage worm gear reducer is arranged at multiple adjustment components. When the photovoltaic tracking system is in the wind protection state, all the two-stage worm gear reducers become the fixed points of the photovoltaic tracking system. This will completely solve the instability of the photovoltaic tracking system's wind protection state. By realizing a multi-point drive for the photovoltaic tracking system, the maximum load-bearing value of the main beam 6 can be greatly reduced, thereby reducing the wall thickness of the main beam 6 and saving the material cost of the main beam 6.

In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, on the basis of the first and second embodiments, a plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices are arranged at a preset angle, and a plurality of transmission rods 14 are connected by a second universal joint 17, and the photovoltaic tracking The geared motor 13 on the system side is driven to realize the photovoltaic tracking system day by day. In this embodiment, the photovoltaic tracking system overcomes the limitation of the terrain, and realizes the synchronous operation of the photovoltaic tracking system in sloped terrain, which improves the application range of the photovoltaic tracking system.

In the fifth embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, on the basis of the first and second embodiments, a plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices are arranged side by side. Here, a plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices are arranged side by side means that the plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices extend along the main axis. A plurality of directions perpendicular to the direction are provided in parallel. In this embodiment, the first output shaft and the second output shaft are arranged perpendicular to each other, the transmission rod connected to the first output shaft and the transmission assembly 18 connected to the second output shaft are arranged perpendicular to each other, and the transmission rod is connected to the input of the next reducer. In this way, multiple photovoltaic tracking devices arranged side by side can be driven by a geared motor to rotate synchronously and at the same angle. A plurality of main beams 6 are connected along a straight line to form a main shaft, and a plurality of main shafts are arranged in parallel in the axial direction perpendicular to the main shaft to form a parallel supporting structure of multiple main shafts and provide a mounting support surface for photovoltaic cell modules 9. At the same time, because the length of the main shaft can exceed the existing length, the photovoltaic tracking system can be installed with a large number of components. For the high voltage of the string system that is seeking low cost, such as the 1500V system voltage, it can perfectly match the appropriate number of strings, even For the back-end DC-AC inverter channel, the multi-channel of the inverter can also be fully utilized, so as not to cause the loss of the inverter grid-connected channel. Regarding the string system voltage that the photovoltaic industry has been working on to increase, this embodiment is also extremely flexible due to the adjustable length of the tracking system.

It should be noted that the above embodiments can be freely combined as required. The above are only the preferred embodiments of the present invention. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, several improvements and modifications can be made, and these improvements and modifications are also It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

A photovoltaic tracking device, characterized in that it comprises:

Column, fixed to the ground;

A bearing seat, which is arranged on the column, and a bearing is nested inside the bearing seat;

The main beam penetrates in the bearing, and a plurality of photovoltaic cell modules are installed on the main beam along its extension direction;

An adjustment assembly for synchronously adjusting the angles of the plurality of photovoltaic cell assemblies, the adjustment assembly comprising: a plurality of reducers arranged at intervals along the extension direction of the main beam, a transmission rod connecting each of the reducers, and A transmission assembly connected to the output end of each reducer, and the photovoltaic cell assembly is connected to the transmission assembly. By driving the reducer and/or the transmission rod to rotate, the multiple reducers are driven to rotate at the same angle , Thereby driving the multiple photovoltaic cell modules to rotate at the same angle.
The photovoltaic tracking device of claim 1, wherein:

The reducer is a two-stage worm gear reducer, the output end of the two-stage worm gear reducer has a first output shaft and a second output shaft, and two ends of the transmission rod are respectively connected to one of the two-stage turbines The first output shaft of the worm reducer and the input shaft of another adjacent two-stage worm gear reducer, and the transmission assembly is connected to the second output shaft of each of the two-stage worm gear reducer.
The photovoltaic tracking device of claim 2, wherein:

The first output shaft and the second output shaft are parallel or perpendicular to each other, and the transmission rod connected to the first output shaft and the transmission component connected to the second output shaft are parallel or perpendicular to each other.
The photovoltaic tracking device of claim 2, wherein:

The transmission assembly includes a gear wheel assembly that is wrapped and arranged on the main beam, and a gear wheel assembly engaged with the gear wheel assembly for transmission, the gear wheel assembly and the second output shaft of the two-stage worm gear reducer connection.
The photovoltaic tracking device according to claim 4, characterized in that:

The toothed disk assembly includes a toothed disk arranged in a sector shape and a tooth portion provided on the toothed disk, and the toothed portion is arranged on an arc-shaped outer edge of the toothed disk;

Alternatively, an arc-shaped through slot is provided on the toothed plate, and the tooth portion is provided on the upper inner wall of the through slot.
The photovoltaic tracking device of claim 1, wherein:

The main beam is a single one, or, a plurality of the main beams are arranged parallel to each other.
A photovoltaic tracking system, which is characterized by:

It comprises a plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices according to any one of claims 1 to 6, and the plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices are connected in sequence.
The photovoltaic tracking system of claim 7, wherein:

A plurality of said photovoltaic tracking devices are arranged in a single row.
The photovoltaic tracking system of claim 7, wherein:

The plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices are arranged at a preset angle, and the transmission rods at the intersection of the plurality of photovoltaic tracking devices are connected by a universal joint.
The photovoltaic tracking system of claim 7, wherein:

A plurality of the photovoltaic tracking devices are arranged side by side, and the transmission rods between the photovoltaic tracking devices in two adjacent rows are perpendicular to the main beam.
The photovoltaic tracking system according to any one of claims 7 to 10, characterized in that:

It also includes a geared motor and an electric control box. The geared motor is located at one end of the photovoltaic tracking system and is used to drive the reducer to rotate. The electric control box is connected to the geared motor. The electric control box controls the The geared motor drives the photovoltaic tracking system day by day.