CN112974794B - 粉末冶金气门导管 - Google Patents

粉末冶金气门导管 Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN112974794B
CN112974794B CN202110147391.XA CN202110147391A CN112974794B CN 112974794 B CN112974794 B CN 112974794B CN 202110147391 A CN202110147391 A CN 202110147391A CN 112974794 B CN112974794 B CN 112974794B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
percent
powder
valve guide
copper
graphite powder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN202110147391.XA
Other languages
English (en)
Other versions
CN112974794A (zh
Inventor
李开顺
陆有高
钱正进
孟硕秋
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Asimco Shuanghuan Piston Ring Yizheng Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Asimco Shuanghuan Piston Ring Yizheng Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Asimco Shuanghuan Piston Ring Yizheng Co Ltd filed Critical Asimco Shuanghuan Piston Ring Yizheng Co Ltd
Priority to CN202110147391.XA priority Critical patent/CN112974794B/zh
Publication of CN112974794A publication Critical patent/CN112974794A/zh
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN112974794B publication Critical patent/CN112974794B/zh
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • B22F1/0003
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B22F1/102Metallic powder coated with organic material
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/10Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material
    • B22F1/103Metallic powder containing lubricating or binding agents; Metallic powder containing organic material containing an organic binding agent comprising a mixture of, or obtained by reaction of, two or more components other than a solvent or a lubricating agent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/02Compacting only
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/1003Use of special medium during sintering, e.g. sintering aid
    • B22F3/1007Atmosphere
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10Sintering only
    • B22F3/1017Multiple heating or additional steps
    • B22F3/1021Removal of binder or filler
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F3/26Impregnating
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F5/00Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
    • B22F5/10Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
    • B22F5/106Tube or ring forms
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22FWORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid

Abstract

本发明公开了一种粉末冶金气门导管及制备方法,其原料以质量分数计包括:石墨粉0.6‑0.9%,镀铜石墨粉1.5‑4.0%,WC 0.5‑5%,二硫化钼0.8‑1.5%,石蜡0.5‑1.0%,扩散粘结铁粉10‑30%,其余为雾化铁粉。制备方法包括混粉、成型、烧结和浸油。本发明通过混入1.5‑4.0%镀铜石墨粉来作为增碳剂,可以有效地控制基体含碳量和游离石墨粒径,从而减少甚至消除网状渗碳体,提高了材料压溃强度等性能。加入的碳化钨微粉,可有效地提高材料的耐磨性能。

Description

粉末冶金气门导管
技术领域
本发明涉及气门导管及制备,具体涉及一种粉末冶金气门导管及制备方法。
背景技术
气门导管是汽车发动机气门的导向装置,对气门起导向作用,并使气门杆上的热量经气门导管传给汽缸盖。
现有利用粉末冶金技术制造气门导管存在基体中渗入的碳不易控制,易出现因控制不当而造成网状渗碳体,造成气门导管的压溃性能偏低,现有技术中为避免过量的碳渗入基体,采用的石墨粒度偏大和烧结温度偏低,会造成对基体强度的减弱作用也增大,造成气门导管耐磨性能不足。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的是提供一种粉末冶金气门导管及制备方法,解决现有技术存在的渗入碳不易控制,其造成气门导管的压溃性能偏低,及珠光体基体存在的耐磨性能不足的技术问题。
技术方案:本发明所述的粉末冶金气门导管,其原料以质量分数计包括:石墨粉0.6-0.9%,镀铜石墨粉1.5-4.0%,WC 0.5-5%,二硫化钼0.8-1.5%,石蜡0.5-1.0%,扩散粘结铁粉10-30%,其余为雾化铁粉。
其中,所述镀铜石墨粉的铜含量为50%±10%,所述扩散粘结铁粉的铜含量为10-25%。
其化学成分包括C1.2—3.2%,Cu2.0—6.0%,S 0.2—0.8%,Mo 0.4%—1.0%,W:≤5%。
其金相组织为贝氏体+珠光体+铁素体组织,硫化物、游离铜均匀分布,碳化物≤5%,10-25%的孔隙率。
本发明所述的粉末冶金气门导管,其制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)先将原料中一半的雾化铁粉和扩散粘结粉混合,依次加入一半的石墨粉、镀铜石墨粉、碳化钨、二硫化钼和石蜡,再依次加入剩余的雾化铁粉和扩散粘结粉,最后依次加入剩余的石墨粉、镀铜石墨粉、碳化钨、二硫化钼和石蜡,混制30-60min,混合均匀同时保证混合好的成品粉流动性能≤45s/50g,松装密度2.7-3.5g/cm3
(2)使用压机将混合的原料装入模具中压制成所需形状,然后进行脱蜡、烧结和冷却,脱蜡温度为650-800℃,烧结的温度为1085-1120℃,烧结的保护气氛为90%N2+10%H2,脱蜡时间:30-60min;烧结时间30-60min;
(3)将烧结好的气门导管放入真空浸油机中浸油,即完成粉末冶金气门导管的制备。
有益效果:本发明使用镀铜石石墨粉进行烧结,可通过调节烧结温度来保证石墨处于游离状态,避免过量的碳扩散进入基体,从而达到控制渗碳体生成量,避免过量网状渗碳体生成的目的,提高了导管的压溃强度。同时,在材料中加入适量的碳化钨作为硬质相,改善了基体的耐磨性能,从而延长气门导管的使用寿命。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明进行进一步说明。
实施例1
粉末冶金气门导管按照质量百分比计,包括以下组分:石墨粉:0.65%,镀铜石墨粉:1.5%,二硫化钼:1.0%,WC:3-5%,石蜡:0.6%,扩散粘结粉10-30%,余量为雾化铁粉,镀铜石墨粉的铜含量为50%±10%,扩散粘结铁粉的铜含量为10-25%。化学成分包括C1.2-1.6%,Cu 3-5%,S 0.4-0.8%,Mo 0.4%—0.8%,W:≤5%)。气门导管材料的金相组织为贝氏体+珠光体+铁素体组织,硫化物、游离铜均匀分布,碳化物≤5%,10-25%的孔隙率,材料性能为:密度6.5-7.0g/cm3;压溃强度:650-1000MPa;硬度:65-100HRB。
实施例2
粉末冶金气门导管按照质量百分比计,包括以下组分:石墨粉:0.7%,镀铜石墨粉:2%,二硫化钼:1.0%,WC:3-5%,石蜡:0.6%,扩散粘结粉:10-30%,余量为雾化铁粉。化学成分包括C1.5—2.0%,Cu 3.0—5.0%,S 0.4—0.8%,Mo 0.4%—0.8%,W:≤5%)。,气门导管材料的金相组织为贝氏体+珠光体+铁素体组织,硫化物、游离铜均匀分布,碳化物≤5%,10-25%的孔隙率,材料性能为:密度6.5-7.0g/cm3;压溃强度:600-900MPa;硬度:65-100HRB。
实施例3
粉末冶金气门导管按照质量百分比计,包括以下组分:石墨粉:0.8%,镀铜石墨粉:2.5%,二硫化钼:1.0%,WC:3-5%,石蜡:0.6%,扩散粘结粉:10-30%,余量为雾化铁粉。化学成分包括C1.8—2.5%,Cu3—5.0%,S 0.4—0.8%,Mo 0.4%—0.8%,W:≤5%)。气门导管材料的金相组织为贝氏体+珠光体+铁素体组织,硫化物、游离铜均匀分布,碳化物≤5%,10-25%的孔隙率,材料性能为:密度6.5-7.0g/cm3;压溃强度:550-900MPa;硬度:65-100HRB。
实施例4
粉末冶金气门导管按照质量百分比计,包括以下组分:石墨粉:0.6%,镀铜石墨粉:3.5%,二硫化钼:1.0%,WC:4-5%,石蜡:0.6%,扩散粘结粉:10-30%,余量为雾化铁粉。化学成分包括C 2.0—3.0%,Cu3.0—6.0%,S 0.4—0.8%,Mo 0.4%—1.0%,W:≤5%)。气门导管材料的金相组织为贝氏体+珠光体+铁素体组织,硫化物、游离铜均匀分布,碳化物≤5%,10-25%的孔隙率,材料性能为:密度6.5-7.0g/cm3;压溃强度:550-900MPa;硬度:65-100HRB。
实施例5
粉末冶金气门导管按照质量百分比计,包括以下组分:石墨粉:0.8%,镀铜石墨粉:1.5%,二硫化钼:1.0%,WC:3-4%,石蜡:0.6%,扩散粘结粉:10-30%,余量为雾化铁粉。化学成分包括C1.2—1.8%,Cu 3.0—6.0%,S 0.4—0.8%,Mo 0.4%—1.0%,W:≤5%)。气门导管材料的金相组织为贝氏体+珠光体+铁素体组织,硫化物、游离铜均匀分布,碳化物≤5%,10-25%的孔隙率,材料性能为:密度6.5-7.0g/cm3;压溃强度:600-900MPa;硬度:65-100HRB。
制备实施例1-5的气门导管的方法包括以下步骤:
先将原料中一半的雾化铁粉和扩散粘结粉混合,依次加入一半的石墨粉、镀铜石墨粉、碳化钨、二硫化钼和石蜡,再依次加入剩余的雾化铁粉和扩散粘结粉,最后依次加入剩余的石墨粉、镀铜石墨粉、碳化钨、二硫化钼和石蜡,混制30-60min,混合均匀同时保证混合好的成品粉流动性能≤45s/50g,松装密度2.7-3.5g/cm3
(2)使用压机将混合的原料装入模具中压制成所需形状,然后进行脱蜡、烧结和冷却,脱蜡温度为650-800℃,烧结的温度为1085-1120℃,烧结的保护气氛为90%N2+10%H2,脱蜡时间:30-60min;烧结时间30-60min;
(3)将烧结好的气门导管放入真空浸油机中浸油,即完成粉末冶金气门导管的制备。
本发明通过混入1.5-4.0%镀铜石墨粉来,可以有效地控制基体含碳量和游离石墨粒径,从而减少甚至消除网状渗碳体,提高了材料压溃强度等性能,加入的碳化钨微粉,可有效地提高材料的耐磨性能,本发明中化学成分中碳含量大于1%,主要是利用游离石墨作为润滑相,加入Cu主要是促进珠光体组织生成,加钼则除了促进珠光体生成外,还有促进贝氏体组织生成的作用,其主要目的均是强化材料强度,增加耐磨性。加入S,则利用S与Mo、Cu、Fe生成硫化物润滑相。同时,Mo还与碳生成钼的碳化物,从而形成硬质相,W主要是通过碳化钨加入的,在基体中,碳化钨作为硬质相存在,主要用于增加耐磨性能。本发明的贝氏体+珠光体的金相组织有较好的综合性能,硫化物主要是作为固体润滑相,提高耐磨性能;碳化物含量太多时,材料的韧性下降,脆性增加,故需控制在5%以下;10-25%的孔隙率则是保证粉末冶金材料贮油和润滑的主要功能。

Claims (3)

1.一种粉末冶金气门导管,其特征在于,其原料以质量分数计包括:石墨粉 0.6-0.9%,镀铜石墨粉1.5-4.0%,碳化钨0.5-5%,二硫化钼0.8-1.5%,石蜡 0.5-1.0%,扩散粘结铁粉10-30%,其余为雾化铁粉,其化学成分包括C 1.2-3.2%,Cu 2.0-6.0%,S 0.2-0.8%,Mo0.4%-1.0%,W≤5%,
所述气门导管的制备方法包括以下步骤:
(1)先将原料中一半的雾化铁粉和扩散粘结粉混合,依次加入一半的石墨粉、镀铜石墨粉、碳化钨、二硫化钼和石蜡,再依次加入剩余的雾化铁粉和扩散粘结粉,最后依次加入剩余的石墨粉、镀铜石墨粉、碳化钨、二硫化钼和石蜡,混制30-60min,混合均匀同时保证混合好的成品粉流动性能≤45s/50g,松装密度2.7-3.5g/cm3
(2)使用压机将混合的原料装入模具中压制成所需形状,然后进行脱蜡、烧结和冷却,脱蜡温度为650-800℃,烧结的温度为1085-1120℃,烧结的保护气氛为90%N2+10%H2,脱蜡时间:30-60min;烧结时间30-60min;
(3)将烧结好的气门导管放入真空浸油机中浸油,即完成粉末冶金气门导管的制备。
2.根据权利要求1所述的粉末冶金气门导管,其特征在于,所述镀铜石墨粉的铜含量为50%±10%,所述扩散粘结铁粉的铜含量为10-25%。
3.根据权利要求1所述的粉末冶金气门导管,其特征在于,其金相组织为贝氏体+珠光体+铁素体组织,硫化物、游离铜均匀分布,碳化物≤5%,10-25%的孔隙率。
CN202110147391.XA 2021-02-03 2021-02-03 粉末冶金气门导管 Active CN112974794B (zh)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110147391.XA CN112974794B (zh) 2021-02-03 2021-02-03 粉末冶金气门导管

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110147391.XA CN112974794B (zh) 2021-02-03 2021-02-03 粉末冶金气门导管

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN112974794A CN112974794A (zh) 2021-06-18
CN112974794B true CN112974794B (zh) 2023-11-03

Family

ID=76346329

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110147391.XA Active CN112974794B (zh) 2021-02-03 2021-02-03 粉末冶金气门导管

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN112974794B (zh)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115138852A (zh) * 2022-07-01 2022-10-04 安庆帝伯粉末冶金有限公司 高导热高耐磨渗铜气门导管

Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102102161A (zh) * 2009-12-21 2011-06-22 日立粉末冶金株式会社 烧结气门导管及其制造方法
CN104368816A (zh) * 2013-08-14 2015-02-25 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 一种铁基粉末冶金零件的制造方法
CN104785772A (zh) * 2015-03-19 2015-07-22 安徽恒均粉末冶金科技股份有限公司 一种气门导管及其粉末冶金生产工艺
JP2017101331A (ja) * 2017-01-30 2017-06-08 日立化成株式会社 鉄基焼結摺動部材およびその製造方法
CN107042301A (zh) * 2017-03-14 2017-08-15 常熟市双月机械有限公司 一种气门导管
CN107245670A (zh) * 2017-05-22 2017-10-13 东风汽车零部件(集团)有限公司东风粉末冶金公司 一种柴油发动机气门导管材料

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102102161A (zh) * 2009-12-21 2011-06-22 日立粉末冶金株式会社 烧结气门导管及其制造方法
CN104368816A (zh) * 2013-08-14 2015-02-25 东睦新材料集团股份有限公司 一种铁基粉末冶金零件的制造方法
CN104785772A (zh) * 2015-03-19 2015-07-22 安徽恒均粉末冶金科技股份有限公司 一种气门导管及其粉末冶金生产工艺
JP2017101331A (ja) * 2017-01-30 2017-06-08 日立化成株式会社 鉄基焼結摺動部材およびその製造方法
CN107042301A (zh) * 2017-03-14 2017-08-15 常熟市双月机械有限公司 一种气门导管
CN107245670A (zh) * 2017-05-22 2017-10-13 东风汽车零部件(集团)有限公司东风粉末冶金公司 一种柴油发动机气门导管材料

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN112974794A (zh) 2021-06-18

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP5525986B2 (ja) 焼結バルブガイドおよびその製造方法
JP2687125B2 (ja) エンジン用バルブ部品に用いる焼結金属コンパクトおよびその製造方法。
CN102554216A (zh) 一种水雾化铁铜合金粉末及制造方法
DE60208848T2 (de) Pulvermetallurgische Ventilführung
JP7331074B2 (ja) 遊離黒鉛含有粉末
CN107008907B (zh) 铁基烧结滑动构件及其制造方法
CN112831729B (zh) 一种高导热耐磨损的气门导管材料及其制作工艺
CN112974794B (zh) 粉末冶金气门导管
KR920007937B1 (ko) 밸브시트용 철(Fe)계 소결합금
GB2109004A (en) Anti-wear sintered alloy and process for the manufacture thereof
CN105478743A (zh) 一种汽车减震器导向器及其制备方法
CN104372254A (zh) 碳化硅颗粒增强铁基复合材料及其制备方法
EP0752015A1 (en) A method of making a sintered article
CN110229989B (zh) 一种多元硬质合金及其制备方法
JP3401619B2 (ja) 高負荷可能な焼結部品の少なくとも摩耗層の製造方法
JP2007238987A (ja) 耐摩耗性焼結合金およびその製造方法
JP4455390B2 (ja) 耐摩耗性焼結合金およびその製造方法
JP6431012B2 (ja) 耐摩耗性鉄基焼結合金の製造方法および耐摩耗性鉄基焼結合金
JPS6365051A (ja) 耐摩耗性に優れた鉄系焼結合金部材の製造法
JP2005154796A (ja) 耐摩耗性焼結合金およびその製造方法
JP2009019257A (ja) 粉末冶金用混合粉末および鉄粉焼結体
JPS6389642A (ja) 耐摩耗性鉄焼結品
CN110625110B (zh) 一种渗铜导管材料及其制备方法和应用
CN103264158B (zh) 变速箱油泵转子专用粉末冶金材料
JP6519955B2 (ja) 鉄基焼結摺動部材およびその製造方法

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant