CN112867495B - 包含syt11抑制剂作为活性成分的胃癌治疗组合物 - Google Patents
包含syt11抑制剂作为活性成分的胃癌治疗组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种以突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)抑制剂为活性成分的用于治疗胃癌的组合物,以及通过测定SYT11诊断干细胞样胃癌的方法。根据本发明的包含SYT11抑制剂的组合物,通过抑制胃癌细胞的迁移和侵袭、抑制附着至细胞外基质的能力、抑制各种癌症转移相关细胞因子的分泌和抑制胃癌细胞的增殖,作为抑制胃癌转移的组合物,具有优异的效果。此外,在本发明中,由于SYT11的表达与干细胞样胃癌之间的相关性得到确认,通过测量SYT11的表达水平诊断干细胞样胃癌具有极好的效果。
Description
技术领域
本申请要求基于在2018年10月19日提交的韩国专利申请号10-2018-0125073的优先权的权利,其全部内容通过引用并入本文。
本发明涉及包含SYT11表达抑制剂作为活性成分的预防或治疗胃癌的药物组合物,包含测量SYT11表达水平的制剂的诊断胃癌的组合物,包括测量SYT11的表达水平的提供诊断胃癌的信息的方法,和筛选治疗胃癌的制剂的方法。
背景技术
癌症在全世界具有高死亡率,并且是西方社会中仅次于心血管疾病的最常见的死亡原因。特别是由于人口老龄化、饮食生活西化引起的高脂肪饮食摄入的普遍化、环境污染物质的急剧增加、饮酒量的增加等,结肠癌、乳腺癌、前列腺癌等在持续增加。在这种情况下,迫切需要产生能够通过早期预防和治疗癌症来增强人类健康、改善健康生活质量、并有助于促进人类健康的抗癌物质。
在癌症中,胃癌的发生频率高,并且成为癌症相关死亡的主要原因,尤其是在亚洲。在韩国,估计16.2%的癌症患者(20.3%的男性癌症患者和11.2%的女性癌症患者)是胃癌患者。胃癌的症状表现出各种方面,从没有症状到严重疼痛的情况,表现出一般的消化症状而没有任何特征,并且在胃癌的早期几乎没有症状。即使有这种症状,由于该症状相对较小并且具有感觉一些消化缺陷或腹部不舒服的程度,大多数人忽视该症状而导致胃癌死亡率增加。
已知多种标准用于胃癌组织的分类。例如,胃癌的类型可以通过劳伦分类(LaurenClassification)来分类。根据劳伦分类,占据大部分胃癌的腺癌分为肠型(intestinaltype)和弥漫型(diffuse type)。在幽门螺旋杆菌的感染已经持续很长时间的萎缩性胃炎的情况下,尤其是肠型胃癌发生得很好,其很好地形成溃疡并且形成具有聚集的附着肿瘤细胞的独特管状结构。另一方面,扩散型是由于肿瘤细胞的附着而使单个细胞浸润而不形成透明块的类型,并且存在着扩散型在年轻人中频繁发生并且预后不好的问题。弥漫型胃癌患者中有许多是成年后首次感染幽门螺杆菌,由于宿主的强烈排斥导致发展成弥漫型胃癌的患者。在具有较少萎缩性胃炎的年轻女性中显示过度应答,并且最终,没有消除急性感染,且胃粘膜的水肿和结节变化继续进展为预后非常差的弥漫型胃癌。因此,即使在相同的胃癌患者中,诊断为弥漫型胃癌的年轻成人在几年内也很少可能治愈而最终死亡。如上所述,临床上难以快速鉴定弥漫型胃癌,结果,实际的治疗被延误或者即使进行治疗也没有具有足够治疗效果的治疗剂,因此,问题继续存在。
最近,在胃癌患者的组织的微阵列(microarray)分析中,确认了根据基因的表达模式特征,分子亚型可以分类为肠亚型(intestinal)、干细胞样亚型(stem-like)、混合基质亚型(mixed stromal)和炎症亚型(inflammatory)。如上所述,肠亚型被称为胃癌,与干细胞样亚型、混合基质亚型和炎症亚型相比,其易于治疗,据报道,干细胞样亚型几乎不能治疗,属于预后非常差的胃癌组。[Nature Medicine 2015;21:449-456.Molecularanalysis of gastric cancer identifies subtypes associated with distinctclinical outcomes]
在这样的背景下,迫切需要研究和开发能够快速诊断和治疗难以诊断的特定癌症的新技术。
发明内容
【技术问题】
因此,本发明人进行了许多努力以开发可显示优异的胃癌治疗效果而不会对人体产生副作用的抗癌剂,结果发现SYT11表达抑制剂在无毒性的范围内对胃癌治疗具有优异的效果,甚至可有效地用于诊断,并因此完成了本发明。
本发明的目的在于提供一种含有突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)表达抑制剂作为活性成分的用于预防或治疗胃癌的药物组合物。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种用于诊断干细胞样胃癌的组合物,其包含用于测量突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)表达水平的制剂。
本发明的另一个目的是提供一种提供用于诊断干细胞样胃癌的信息的方法,包括步骤:(a)测量分离的生物胃组织样品中突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)的表达水平;(b)将所述表达水平与正常对照样品的SYT11表达水平比较;和(c)当分离的生物胃组织样品的SYT11表达水平高于正常对照样品的SYT11表达水平时,确定为干细胞样胃癌。
本发明的另一个目的是提供筛选治疗胃癌的制剂的方法,包括步骤:(a)用治疗胃癌用候选物质处理表达突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)的分离的胃癌细胞;(b)测量用所述候选物质处理的分离的胃癌细胞中SYT11的表达水平;和(c)当步骤(b)中测量的SYT11的表达水平低于未用所述候选物质处理的分离的胃癌细胞的表达水平时,确定所述候选物质为所述治疗胃癌的制剂。
本发明的再一个目的是提供一种预防或治疗胃癌的方法,包括给予受试者含有突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)表达抑制剂的组合物。
本发明的再一个目的是提供一种预防或治疗胃癌的用途,包括给予受试者含有突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)表达抑制剂的组合物。
【技术方案】
为了实现上述目的,本发明的一个方面提供一种含有突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)表达抑制剂作为活性成分的用于预防或治疗胃癌的药物组合物。
本发明的另一方面提供一种用于诊断干细胞样胃癌的组合物,其包含用于测量突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)表达水平的制剂。
本发明的另一方面提供了一种提供用于诊断干细胞样胃癌的信息的方法,包括步骤:(a)测量分离的生物胃组织样品中突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)的表达水平;(b)将所述表达水平与正常对照样品的SYT11表达水平比较;和(c)当分离的生物胃组织样品的SYT11表达水平高于正常对照样品的SYT11表达水平时,确定为干细胞样胃癌。
本发明的另一方面提供了筛选治疗胃癌的制剂的方法,包括步骤:(a)用治疗胃癌用候选物质处理表达突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)的分离的胃癌细胞;(b)测量用所述候选物质处理的分离的胃癌细胞中SYT11的表达水平;和(c)当步骤(b)中测量的SYT11的表达水平低于未用所述候选物质处理的分离的胃癌细胞的表达水平时,确定所述候选物质为所述治疗胃癌的制剂。
本发明的另一方面提供一种预防或治疗胃癌的方法,包括给予受试者含有突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)表达抑制剂的组合物。
本发明的另一方面提供一种预防或治疗胃癌的用途,包括给予受试者含有突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)表达抑制剂的组合物。
【有益效果】
根据本发明的包含SYT11抑制剂的组合物,通过抑制胃癌细胞的迁移和侵袭、抑制附着至细胞外基质的能力、抑制各种癌症转移相关细胞因子的分泌和抑制胃癌细胞的增殖,作为抑制癌症转移和预防或治疗癌症的组合物,具有优异的效果。
此外,在本发明中,由于SYT11表达与干细胞样胃癌之间的相关性得到确认,通过测量SYT11的表达水平诊断干细胞样胃癌具有极好的效果。
附图说明
图1是示出具有肠亚型、干细胞样亚型、混合亚型和炎性亚型的胃癌细胞系中确认干细胞样亚型胃癌细胞系中SYT11表达增强的结果的图。
图2是示出通过降低胃癌细胞系中SYT11表达来确认抑制胃癌细胞系迁移的结果的图。
图3是示出通过降低胃癌细胞系中SYT11表达来确认抑制所述胃癌细胞系侵袭的结果的图。
图4是示出通过降低胃癌细胞系中SYT11表达来确认抑制细胞外基质附着能力的结果示意图。
图5是示出通过降低胃癌细胞系中SYT11表达来确认抑制癌症转移相关生长因子和细胞因子分泌的结果的图。
图6是示出根据降低小鼠动物模型中SYT11表达来确认肿瘤减少效果的结果的图。
图7是示出通过降低胃癌细胞系中SYT11表达来确认癌症转移相关生长因子和细胞因子分泌抑制的结果的图,和示出通过抑制小鼠动物模型的肿瘤组织中SYT11来确认癌症转移相关生长因子和细胞因子分泌抑制的结果的图。
图8是示出确认胃癌细胞系中使用各种siRNA通过抑制SYT11表达抑制细胞增殖的结果的图。
图9是示出确认在胃癌细胞系中使用SYT11反义寡核苷酸抑制癌细胞增殖的结果的图。
图10是示出胃癌细胞系中SYT家族(SYT family)表达抑制的细胞生长抑制比较结果的图。
具体实施方式
为了实现上述目的,本发明的一个方面提供一种含有突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)表达抑制剂作为活性成分的用于预防或治疗胃癌的药物组合物。
在本发明中,术语“SYT11(突触结合蛋白11,NM_152280.4)”是突触结合蛋白基因家族(synaptotagmin gene families)之一,编码与称为钙传感器(calcium sensors)的其它家族成员相似的蛋白质,并调节突触传递(synaptic transmission)中膜转运的钙依赖性调节。所编码的蛋白质已知为泛素-E3-连接酶(ubiquitin-E3-ligase)parkin的基质。SYT11具有SEQ ID NO:1的氨基酸序列。
在本发明的一个具体实施方案中,通过人胃癌细胞系分析,癌细胞系的分子亚型分为肠亚型、干细胞样亚型、混合亚型和炎性亚型,且确认在分类的人胃癌细胞系的干细胞样亚型中,SYT11的表达增加。
在本发明另一具体实施方案中,为了通过抑制SYT11表达确认与细胞转移变化,即细胞迁移和侵袭能力变化的相关性,当抑制胃癌细胞中SYT11时,确认侵袭和迁移能力显著降低。
在本发明另一具体实施方案中,为了通过抑制SYT11表达确认与癌细胞胞外基质附着能力变化的相关性,当抑制胃癌细胞中SYT11表达时,确认了附着胞外基质的能力显著降低。
在本发明的另一具体实施方案中,为了通过抑制SYT11表达确认与癌细胞转移相关生长因子(Growth factor)或细胞因子(cytokine)的变化的相关性,当抑制胃癌细胞中SYT11的表达时,确认癌细胞转移相关PDGF-AA、VEGF、HGF、IGFBP-2、IL-17A、IL-8、血管生成素–1(angiopoietin-1)、血管生成素–2(angiopoietin-2)等减少。
在本发明另一具体实施方案中,确认在小鼠动物模型中通过抑制SYT11表达来减少肿瘤。
在本发明另一具体实施方案中,确认通过SYT11的抑制抑制了肿瘤细胞增殖。
在本发明中,术语“SYT11抑制剂”的含义是统指能降低SYT11表达或活性的所有制剂。具体地,SYT11抑制剂可以包括通过降低SYT11在转录(transcription)、mRNA或翻译(translation)水平中的表达水平而降低SYT11活性的所有制剂,或通过例如影响SYT11表达降低、直接作用于SYT11或间接作用于其配体等方法而抑制SYT11活性的所有制剂。
SYT11抑制剂能够以不受限制的形式使用,例如,能够通过靶向SYT11来抑制SYT11的表达或SYT11的活性的化合物、核酸、肽、病毒、含有核酸的载体等。SYT11抑制剂不限于此,但有水解SYT11基因mRNA的siRNA或shRNA,以及降低SYT11蛋白表达的反义寡核苷酸。此外,与SYT11蛋白结合以抑制其功能的SYT11抑制剂可以包括适体或低分子化合物。
在一个示例性实施方案中,siRNA可以具有选自SEQ ID NO:2、3、4和5的核苷酸序列。
【表1】
SEQ ID NO: | SiRNA序列信息 |
SEQ ID NO:2 | 5′-CAU CAA AGU GCG GAG AGA CAA(dTdT)-3′ |
SEQ ID NO:3 | 5′-CCU GCU AAG CCG AGA CAA A(dTdT)-3′ |
SEQ ID NO:4 | 5′-CCA GGU GUC UCU GUC AUA U(dTdT)-3′ |
SEQ ID NO:5 | 5′-GCA GAA AGC GCA UUG CCA A(dTdT)-3′ |
在一个示例性的实施方案中,shRNA可以是具有选自SEQ ID NO:6、15、16和17的核苷酸序列的shRNA,并且可以是合成或修饰的shRNA,例如同系物、同种异体类型、变体、衍生物和片段。例如,可以修饰存在于选自SEQ ID NO:6和15至17的核苷酸序列的中央的环状序列(loop sequence)(下表2的下划线)。
【表2】
序列信息 | shRNA序列信息 |
SEQ ID NO:6 | CCGGCATCAA AGTGCGGAGA GACAACTCGA GTTGTCTCTC CGCACTTTGA TGTTTTT |
SEQ ID NO:15 | CCTGCTAAGCCGAGACAAACTCGAGTTTGTCTCGGCTTAGCAGGTTTTT |
SEQ ID NO:16 | CCAGGTGTCTCTGTCATATCTCGAGATATGACAGAGACACCTGGTTTTT |
SEQ ID NO:17 | GCAGAAAGCGCATTGCCAACTCGAGTTGGCAATGCGCTTTCTGCTTTTT |
在一个示例性实施方案中,反义寡核苷酸可以是选自SEQ ID NO:18和19及其衍生物中的一种或多种反义寡核苷酸。所述衍生物可在选自SEQ ID NO:18和19的一种或多种反义寡核苷酸中具有硫代磷酸酯(phosphorothioate)修饰和/或2′-O-甲基化修饰。
【表3】
在本发明中,术语“治疗”是指临床干预以改变待治疗的个体或细胞的天然过程,其可以在临床病理状态正在进行时进行或预防该状态。期望的治疗效果包括预防疾病的发生或复发、减轻症状、减少基于疾病的所有直接或间接病理结果、预防转移、降低疾病进展速率、减少或暂时减轻疾病状况、以及表现出缓解或改善预后。优选地,在本发明中的治疗包括施用包含抑制SYT11的物质的组合物改善胃癌进展的所有动作。此外,根据本发明的“预防”指施包含抑制SYT11的物质的组合物抑制或延迟胃癌发作的所有作用。
在本发明中,术语“反义寡核苷酸”是含有与特定mRNA的序列互补的核苷酸序列的DNA、RNA或其衍生物,并且通过与mRNA中的互补序列结合而用于抑制mRNA翻译成蛋白质。反义寡核苷酸序列是指可以与SYT11mRNA互补并与mRNA结合的DNA或RNA序列。反义寡核苷酸可抑制SYT11的mRNA翻译、易位(translocation)至细胞质、成熟(maturation)或所有其它总体生物学功能的必需活性。反义寡核苷酸的长度可以是6至100个碱基,优选8至60个碱基,更优选10至40个碱基。反义寡核苷酸可以在体外以常规方法合成以在体内施用,或者可以在体内合成。在体外合成反义寡核苷酸的一个实例是使用RNA聚合酶I。在体内合成反义RNA的一个实例是通过使用具有多克隆位点(MCS)起点的载体以相反方向转录反义RNA。反义RNA优选不翻译成肽序列,以便在序列中存在翻译终止密码子。可用于本发明的反义寡核苷酸的设计可根据本领域已知的方法,参考SYT11的核苷酸序列进行。
具体地,本发明的反义寡核苷酸可以是SEQ ID NO:18或19的寡核苷酸,但不限于此。
另外,SEQ ID NO:18或19的寡核苷酸包括寡核苷酸及其衍生物,其包含与SEQ IDNO:18或19的寡核苷酸基本相同的核苷酸序列。包含基本相同的核苷酸序列的寡核苷酸是指,包含与SEQ ID NO:18或19的核苷酸序列具有75%以上、80%以上、90%以上、以及95%以上的序列同源性的核苷酸序列的寡核苷酸。所述衍生物可在选自SEQ ID NO:18和19的一种或多种寡核苷酸中具有硫代磷酸酯修饰和/或2′-O-甲基化修饰,但不限于此。
在本发明中,作为单链寡核苷酸的术语“适体(aptamer)”是指具有约20至60个核苷酸的大小并对预定靶分子具有结合活性的核酸分子。适体可根据序列具有各种3D结构,并可与特定物质具有高亲和性,如抗原–抗体反应。适配体可以通过结合预定靶分子来抑制预定靶分子的活性。本发明的适体可以是RNA、DNA、修饰(modified)的核酸、或其混合物,并且也可以是线性或环状形式。优选地,所述适体可通过结合至SYT11抑制SYT11的活性。这样的适体可以通过本领域已知的方法从SYT11的序列制备。
在本发明中,术语“siRNA”和“shRNA”是能够介导RNA干扰或基因沉默(silencing)的核酸分子,并且可以抑制靶基因的表达,以用作有效的基因敲除(knock down)方法或基因治疗方法。shRNA通过单链寡核苷酸的互补序列之间的结合形成发夹(hairpin)结构,并在体内被切酶(dicer)切割成为siRNA,该siRNA是大小为21至25个核苷酸的小RNA片段的双链寡核苷酸,并与具有互补序列的mRNA特异性结合,从而抑制表达。因此,可以由本领域技术人员的选择来确定使用shRNA和siRNA的哪种方法,并且如果靶向shRNA和siRNA的mRNA序列彼此相同,则可以预期shRNA和siRNA有类似的表达降低效果。为了本发明的目的,shRNA和siRNA通过特异性作用于SYT11以诱导RNA干扰(RNAi,RNA interference)来切割SYT11mRNA分子,从而抑制SYT11。siRNA可以是化学合成的或酶促合成的。制备siRNA的方法没有特别限制,可以使用本领域已知的方法。例如,所述方法包括化学合成siRNA的方法、利用体外转录合成siRNA的方法、利用酶切割通过体外转录合成的长双链RNA的方法、通过shRNA表达质粒或病毒载体的细胞内递送的表达方法、通过聚合酶链式反应(PCR,polymer chainreaction)诱导的siRNA表达盒(cassette)的细胞内递送的表达方法等,但不限于此。
具体而言,本发明的SYT11的siRNA可以由具有选自SEQ ID NO:2、3、4和5的核苷酸序列的siRNA和具有其互补序列的siRNA的双链siRNA形成,但不限于此。
本发明的SYT11的shRNA可以具有选自SEQ ID NO:6、15、16和17的核苷酸序列,但不限于此。
为了本发明的目的,抗体可以是与SYT11或SYT11的配体蛋白结合以抑制SYT11活性的抗体。
在本发明中,术语“配体”指与生物分子(biomolecule)形成复合物以诱导生物应答的物质,“SYT11的配体蛋白”或“SYT11的配体蛋白”可以是与SYT11结合以激活SYT11或提高其活性的蛋白。
在本发明中,术语“胃癌”是指由胃中过度增殖的细胞引起的疾病。这些异常过度增殖的细胞有时侵入周围的组织和器官而形成肿块,破坏或改变胃的正常结构,被称为胃癌。通常,肿瘤(tumor)是指由于身体组织的自主过度增殖而异常生长的肿块,并且可以分类为良性肿瘤(benign tumor)和恶性肿瘤(malignant tumor)。恶性肿瘤比良性肿瘤生长得快得多,并且在侵入周围组织以威胁生命的同时引起转移(metastasis)。在本发明中,胃癌优选为干细胞样亚型和/或混合亚型,更优选为干细胞样亚型。
在本发明中,术语“转移(metastasis)”是指恶性肿瘤扩散到远离恶性肿瘤发生的器官的其他组织中的状态。随着从一个器官开始的恶性肿瘤的发展,恶性肿瘤从首先发生的作为原发部位的器官扩散到其它组织,而从原发部位扩散到其它组织可以被称为转移。转移是恶性肿瘤发展中涉及的现象,并且当恶性肿瘤细胞增殖和癌症进展时,转移可以在获得新的遗传性状的同时发生。当获得新遗传性状的肿瘤细胞侵入血管和淋巴腺,沿着血液和淋巴循环,然后在其它组织中固定和增殖时,可能发生转移。
根据转移发生的组织,可能引起各种癌症疾病,例如肝癌、肾癌、肺癌、胃癌、结肠癌、直肠癌、胰腺癌等。本发明的组合物可通过抑制转移来预防和治疗癌症扩散。
在本发明中,术语“抑制”是指通过施用根据本发明的组合物抑制癌症转移的所有作用。
胃癌可以根据分子亚型分类。例如,在胃癌样品中,通过微阵列技术检测全长基因水平的mRNA表达,并通过聚类分析确认胃癌的内在亚型(subtype),然后通过统计学验证选择每种亚型的特异性基因。基于上述选择的基因的表达水平,分子亚型可以分为具有高上皮细胞特征性基因表达的亚型的肠亚型(intestinal subtype)、具有高上皮–间质转化(EMT)和基质(stroma)源性基因表达的亚型的干细胞样亚型(stem-like subtype)、表达肠亚型和干细胞样亚型的所有特征的混合基质亚型(mixed stromal subtype)、和具有高免疫调节相关基因表达的炎症亚型(inflammatory subtype)。确认了每种亚型具有与明确鉴定的存在的临床和病理组织学发现相关的区别特征。
具体地,肠亚型主要位于胃下部,并且具有良好的组织学分化的特征。在劳伦分类上,肠型和不确定型(indeterminate)经常分布。
另一方面,干细胞样亚型出现在小于60岁的相对年轻的年龄组中,位于体内和胃的顶部,并且具有不良的组织学分化。特别是,印戒细胞类型(Signet ring cell type)具有占整个组织类型20%的特性,而劳伦分类上的扩散类型(diffuse type)是经常分布的。在干细胞样亚型的情况下,存在显示非常差的预后的临床特征。
混合基质亚型共有肠道亚型和干细胞样亚型的特征。
炎症亚型是与其它亚型相比特征性地通常位于贲门(cardia)包括胃–食管关节的类型,并且具有不良的组织学分化。然而,在劳伦分类上,有许多肠类型和不确定类型,因此,炎症亚型接近于肠亚型的特征而不是干细胞样亚型。从预后方面来看,肠道亚型和混合基质亚型显示中等预后,而炎症亚型显示最佳预后。
可进一步包括,通常用于制备本发明的药物组合物的合适的载体、赋形剂或稀释剂。含有药学上可接受的载体的组合物可以具有各种口服或肠胃外制剂。当配制组合物时,制剂可以通过使用通常使用的稀释剂或赋形剂,例如填充剂、增量剂、粘合剂、润湿剂、崩解剂、表面活性剂等来制备。用于口服给药的固体制剂可以包括片剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂等,并且可以通过将至少一种赋形剂例如淀粉、碳酸钙、蔗糖(sucrose)或乳糖(lactose)、明胶等与至少一种化合物混合来制备固体制剂。此外,除了简单赋形剂之外,还可以使用润滑剂如硬脂酸镁和滑石粉(talc)。口服给药的液体制剂可以是混悬剂、口服液、乳剂、糖浆剂等,除了通常用作简单稀释剂的水和液体石蜡外,还可以包括各种赋形剂,例如润湿剂、甜味剂、芳香剂、防腐剂等。用于肠胃外给药的制剂可以包括无菌水溶液、非水溶液、悬浮液、乳液、冻干剂和栓剂。作为非水溶液和悬浮液,可以使用丙二醇(propyleneglycol)、聚乙二醇、植物油如橄榄油、可注射酯如油酸乙酯等。作为栓剂的基质,可以使用维比索尔(witepsol)、聚乙二醇、吐温(tween)61、可可脂、月桂油、甘油明胶等。
此外,本发明的药物组合物不限于此,而可以是选自片剂、丸剂、散剂、颗粒剂、胶囊剂、混悬剂、口服液体制剂、乳剂、糖浆剂、灭菌水溶液、非水溶剂、乳剂、冻干剂和栓剂的任何一种制剂。
为实现所述目的,本发明的另一方面是提供一种治疗胃癌的方法,包括给予受试者包括作为活性成分的突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)抑制剂的药物组合物。
在本发明中,术语“受试者”是指患有或发展本发明的胃癌疾病的所有动物,并且可以是除人以外的受试者。通过对受试者施用本发明的药物组合物,可以显示对胃癌的治疗和抑制胃癌转移的优异效果。
本发明的药物组合物以药学有效剂量施用。
在本发明中,术语“给药”是指通过任何合适的方法将本发明的药物组合物引入到靶点,并且本发明的组合物可以通过各种口服或肠胃外途径给药,只要该组合物可以到达靶组织。
可以根据本领域预期或需要使用的常规方法、给药途径和剂量,将药物组合物适当地施用于受试者。给药途径的实例包括口服、肠胃外、皮下、腹膜内、肺内和静脉内途径,并且肠胃外注射包括肌内、静脉内、动脉内、腹膜内或皮下途径。另外,根据本领域已知的方法,可以适当地选择给药的剂量和次数,并且可以通过各种因素,例如症状的类型、给药途径、性别、健康状况、饮食、受试者的年龄和体重以及疾病的严重程度,适当地确定实际给予的本发明的药物组合物的剂量和给药次数。
在本发明中,术语“药学有效剂量”是指足以以适用于医疗用途的合理比例抑制或减轻疾病的量。有效剂量水平可以根据包括受试者的种类、严重性、年龄、性别、药物的活性、对药物的敏感性、给药时间、给药途径、排泄速率、治疗持续时间和同时使用的制剂的因素,以及医学领域中公知的其它因素来确定。本发明的组合物可以作为单独的治疗剂给药,或者与其它治疗剂组合给药,并且与相关领域的治疗剂顺序或同时给药。此外,药物组合物可以单独或多次给药。考虑到所有因素,重要的是给予能够获得最大效果而具有最小量而没有副作用的量,并且可以由本领域技术人员容易地确定药学有效剂量。例如,药物有效剂量为0.5至1000mg/天/kg体重,优选0.5至500mg/天/kg体重。
为实现所述目的,本发明的又一方面是提供包含SYT11抑制剂的组合物在制备用于治疗胃癌的制剂中的用途。
为实现所述目的,本发明的又一方面是提供用于治疗胃癌的包含SYT11抑制剂的组合物。
本发明的又一方面是提供诊断干细胞样胃癌的组合物,其包含用于测量SYT11表达水平的制剂。例如,SEQ ID NO:7和SEQ ID NO:8的核苷酸序列可以用作测量SYT11表达水平的制剂。
本发明的又一个目的是提供一种提供用于诊断干细胞样胃癌的信息的方法,包括步骤:(a)测量来自分离的生物胃组织样品的SYT11的表达水平;(b)将所述表达水平与正常对照样品的SYT11表达水平比较;和(c)当分离的生物胃组织样品的SYT11表达水平高于正常对照样品的SYT11表达水平时,确定为干细胞样胃癌。
在本发明中,术语“诊断”指通过测量生物组织样品或组织样品中本发明SYT11的存在或不存在,来确定干细胞样胃癌疾病的存在或特征。另外,“标记或诊断标记(diagnosis marker)”是能够与正常细胞或正常受试者开地诊断干细胞样胃癌细胞或患有干细胞样胃癌疾病的受试者的物质。标记物或诊断标记物包括有机生物分子,例如多肽、蛋白质或核酸(例如mRNA等)、脂质、糖脂、糖蛋白或糖类(单糖、二糖、寡糖等),在患有干细胞样胃癌的细胞或受试者中与正常细胞相比表现出增加或减少。为了本发明的目的,本发明的干细胞样胃癌诊断标记是SYT11,与正常细胞或组织相比,其在干细胞样胃癌细胞中以高水平特异性表达。
在本发明中,术语“分离的生物胃癌组织样品”是指从待诊断的受试者的组织,特别是胃组织分离的样品。
在本发明中,SYT11表达水平的测量可以是测量SYT11的mRNA表达水平或SYT11的蛋白质表达水平。
“测定mRNA表达水平”是确认生物组织样品中的干细胞样胃癌标记基因的mRNA的存在和表达水平以诊断干细胞样胃癌的过程,并可通过测定mRNA的量来确认。作为其分析方法,有RT-PCR、竞争性RT-PCR(competitive RT-PCR)、实时RT-PCR(real-time RT-PCR)、RNase保护试验(RPA;RNAse protection assay)、Northern印迹(Northern blotting)、DNA芯片等,但不限于此。
“测定蛋白质表达水平”是确认在生物组织样品中的干细胞样胃癌标记基因中表达的蛋白质的存在和表达水平以诊断干细胞样胃癌的过程,并且通过使用与该基因的蛋白质特异性结合的抗体来确认蛋白质的量。作为其分析方法,有Western印迹、酶联免疫吸附测定(ELISA,enzyme linked immunosorbent assay)、放射免疫测定(RIA:Radioimmunoassay)、放射免疫扩散(radioimmunodiffusion)、Ouchterlony免疫扩散、火箭(rocket)免疫电泳、组织免疫染色、免疫沉淀测定(Immunoprecipitation assay)、补体结合测定(complement fixation assay)、FACS、蛋白芯片(protein chip)等,但不限于此。
例如,测量mRNA水平的制剂可以是本发明的SYT11的mRNA的引物(primer)对、探针(probe)或反义核苷酸(anti-sense nucleotide),本领域技术人员可容易地用本发明的SYT11多核苷酸序列设计引物、探针或反义核苷酸序列。作为另一个例子,用于测量蛋白水平的制剂可以是抗体。
在本发明中,通过测定SYT11的水平,确认SYT11作为干细胞样胃癌诊断标记物的可能性,从而确认了可以诊断干细胞样胃癌的效果。
本发明的另一个目的是提供筛选治疗胃癌的制剂的方法,包括步骤:(a)用治疗胃癌用候选物质处理表达突触结合蛋白11(SYT11)的分离的胃癌细胞;(b)测量用所述候选物质处理的分离的胃癌细胞中SYT11的表达水平;和(c)当步骤(b)中测量的SYT11的表达水平低于未用所述候选物质处理的分离的胃癌细胞的表达水平时,确定所述候选物质为所述治疗胃癌的制剂。
在不存在能够治疗胃癌的候选物质的情况下,测量细胞中本发明基因的表达水平或编码该基因的蛋白质的水平。另外,在候选物质存在的情况下,测定本发明基因的表达水平或编码该基因的蛋白质的水平,并将这两种表达水平相互比较。与候选物质存在的情况下相比,在候选物质不存在的情况下,本发明的基因的表达水平或编码该基因的蛋白质的水平降低的物质,可以预测为治疗胃癌的制剂。
筛选方法可以在体内或体外进行,没有特别限制。候选物质可以是已知物质或新物质,例如,可以通过植物提取物或化合物库(chemical library)进行大规模筛选。由此,可以抑制SYT11的表达或活性,从而发现能够抑制胃癌、特别是干细胞样胃癌的制剂。
以下,为了有助于理解本发明,给出优选实施例和制剂例。但是,仅为了更容易理解本发明,提供了以下实施例和制剂例,本发明的内容不受实施例或制剂例的限制。
〈实施例1〉干细胞样亚型(Stem-like subtype)胃癌细胞系中SYT11表达
通过微阵列分析将总共25种人类胃癌细胞系分为四种分子亚型:肠、干细胞样、混合和炎性亚型。此外,通过Western印迹和RT-PCR技术,使用代表性的11种胃癌细胞系确认了SYT11表达的差异。
对于Western印迹(Western blotting)实验,使用RIPA缓冲液(Millipore)从细胞系中提取蛋白质,通过电泳以聚丙烯酰胺凝胶分离,然后迁移到聚偏二氟乙烯膜,并以SYT11抗体检测。
使用RNA提取溶液(Trizol,Invitrogen公司)进行RT-PCR和微阵列(microassay)分析,从细胞系中分离mRNA。使用RT转录物(Enzynomics公司)从mRNA合成互补DNA。使用由互补DNA合成的SYT11引物进行PCR。另外,RPL13A引物用作对照基因。实验中使用的引物序列信息如表2所示。PCR后,样品在含有溴化乙啶(etidium bromide)的琼脂糖凝胶上电泳,并用UV照射以鉴定条带。
【表4】
序列信息 | 序列 |
SYT11正向引物(SEQ ID NO:7) | CCG GTC TCT CAG GTA ATC CT |
SYT11反向引物(SEQ ID NO:8) | CTC ATT CTT GGT GGT GCG AT |
RPL13A正向引物(SEQ ID NO:9) | CAT CGT GGC TAA ACA GGT AC |
RPL13A反向引物(SEQ ID NO:10) | GCA CGA CCT TGA GGG CAG C |
微阵列是通过使用寡核苷酸微阵列芯片(Illumina公司,San Diego,Ca,USA)测量每个基因的表达水平来进行的,所述芯片植入有能够与提取的RNA互补结合的寡核苷酸。
结果如图1A和图1B所示。
图1A示出了25种人胃癌细胞系的微阵列分析结果,其中示出在干细胞样胃癌亚型中SYT11的mRNA表达显著增加。
图1B示出了通过Western印迹和RT-PCR确认在每种分子亚型的代表性细胞系中SYT11表达的结果。如图1B所示出,在Western印迹和RT-PCR分析中,在干细胞样胃癌亚型细胞系的细胞系MKN1、SK4、SNU484和SNU638(对应于具有胃癌的干细胞样亚型特征的细胞系)之中,SYT11的表达都大大增加。
〈实施例2〉SYT11的敲除对胃癌细胞系的迁移/侵袭的抑制
使用胃细胞系中的SNU484细胞进行实验,siSYT11处理对胃癌细胞迁移是否抑制。具体地,将用siSYT11(SEQ ID NO:2)和siSC(SEQ ID NO:11)转染的SNU484细胞作为对照组接种到96孔Image Loc板中,生长24小时,然后用伤口划痕器(Wound Maker)刮擦。然后,通过伤口愈合试验使用实时细胞分析系统(Incucyte)在0小时、20小时和40小时分析细胞的迁移。
实验结果如图2所示。
图2A示出了通过Western印迹确认SNU484细胞中使用siRNA(siSYT11)(SEQ IDNO:3、4或5)或siSC(SEQ ID NO:11)降低SYT11表达。
图2B是示出了伤口愈合测定结果随时间的变化的图。如图2所示出,通过siSYT11处理,胃癌细胞的迁移能力显著降低。
此外,进行侵入测定以解决胃癌细胞中通过siSYT11处理的侵入的抑制。具体地,使用24孔板细胞培养物的插入物进行侵入测定。将用siSYT11或siSC转染的SNU484细胞接种在由Matrigel涂覆的插入物中,并且在24小时后,用磺酰罗丹明B(Sulforhodamine,SRB)溶液染色移至插入物下方的细胞以测量吸光度。
结果示于图3。
图3A示出了细胞侵袭测定的结果,而图3B示出了定量分析的结果。如图3所示,与对照组相比,SYT11抑制降低约40%的癌细胞侵袭。
〈实施例3〉确认SYT11的敲除在胃癌细胞系中抑制附着细胞外基质的能力
细胞外基质(extracellular matrix,ECM)作为由围绕细胞外部的蛋白质和多糖组成的基质,提供了细胞可以执行正常功能的环境。整合素(integrin)蛋白存在于细胞膜中,通过细胞–细胞(cell-cell)或细胞–基质(cell-matrix)间的结合参与与病灶附着(focal adhesion)相关的信号传导,在癌细胞转移过程中,整合素蛋白与细胞外基质中的纤连蛋白(fibronectin)、胶原蛋白(collagen)、层粘连蛋白(laminin)结合,通过细胞–基质间的结合在癌细胞迁移过程中起到诱导细胞附着的作用。
因此,为了检测SYT11对癌细胞附着的影响,将用siSYT11或siSC转染的SNU484细胞接种到包被了BSA、胶原和纤连蛋白的96孔板(96 well plate)上,1小时内用PBS洗涤以除去没有附着于板上的细胞。用SRB溶液染色附着于平板上的细胞以测量吸光度。另外,用siSYT11或siSC转染SNU484细胞48小时。然后提取蛋白质并电泳,通过进行Western印迹法检测整合素蛋白表达的变化。
结果示于图4。
图4A示出了附着测定(adhesion assay)结果。如图4A所示,SYT11的敲除降低了细胞与胶原或纤连蛋白的结合。
图4B示出了整合素蛋白表达变化的结果。如图4B所示,SYT11的敲除抑制了各种整合素蛋白的表达。
〈实施例4〉SYT11的敲除在胃癌细胞系中抑制癌症转移相关细胞因子的分泌
为了确认SYT11抑制是否影响癌细胞转移相关生长因子或细胞因子的分泌,进行细胞因子阵列(R&D System公司,proteome profiler antibody arrays)。具体地说,以与实施例2相同的方式,用siSYT11或siSC转染SNU484细胞,培养24小时,并进一步在缺氧(hypoxia)状态下在无血清培养基(2%O2)中培养24小时。然后,研究细胞培养基中PDGF-AA、VEGF、HGF、IGFBP-2、IL-17A、IL-8、血管生成素-1和血管生成素-2的细胞因子的表达水平。
另外,还收集细胞以提取RNA并使用RT转录试剂盒(Enzynomics公司)从mRNA合成互补DNA。然后,使用具有VEGFA、HGF、IL-8和血管生成素-1的引物(Bioneer公司)的PCR预混物(SolGent公司)进行实时进行qPCR。
实验结果如图5所示。
图5A示出了进行蛋白质组图谱–细胞因子分析的结果。如图5所示,siSYT11处理大大减少了癌细胞转移相关生长因子或细胞因子的分泌。
此外,图5B示出了qPCR的结果。如图5所示,在常氧(normoxia)和缺氧条件下,与癌细胞转移相关生长因子或细胞因子相关的mRNA表达都大大降低。
〈实施例5〉SYT11的抑制在动物模型中治疗癌症的效果
将用shSYT11-慢病毒(lentivirus)或shControl-慢病毒感染(infection)的胃癌细胞系SNU484注射至裸鼠,并以2至3天的间隔测量肿瘤大小以检查其质量和体积的变化。
在此,shSTY11(Sigma公司)代表的shRNA具有SEQ ID NO:6的核苷酸序列,shControl(CTRL)(Sigma公司)代表的shRNA具有SEQ ID NO:12的核苷酸序列。
结果示于图6。图6A示出了实验期间肿瘤大小变化的结果,图6B示出了在第16天将小鼠划伤后的肿瘤重量,图6C示出了所产生的肿瘤的照片。如图6所示,当shSYT11被抑制时,与shControl相比,肿瘤形成被抑制。
另外,取上述动物模型的组织,与实施例4同样的方式,通过qPCR检查癌细胞转移相关的生长因子或细胞因子、整合素、肿瘤特异性内皮细胞标记物(tumor-specificendothelial marker)ANTXR1的表达水平的变化。
同时,用siSYT11或siSC转染SNU484细胞后,以与实施例2相同的方式,通过RT-PCR检测基因表达变化。
结果示于图7。
如图7A所确认,通过siSYT11处理,SNU484细胞中的血管生成素-1、血管生成素-2、整合素-β1和ANTXR1的表达都降低。
如图7B所确认,在体内模型中,血管生成素-1、血管生成素-2、整合素-β1和ANTXR1的表达都降低。
〈实施例6〉通过SYT11的抑制来抑制癌细胞增殖
〈6-1〉通过siRNA处理抑制癌细胞增殖
以与实施例2相同的方式用siSYT11或siSC转染SNU484细胞,并使用实时细胞分析系统(InCucyte)检测细胞增殖4天。
另外,类似地,以与实施例2相同的方式,用siSYT11(SEQ ID NO:2、3、4或5)或siSC转染SNU484细胞,并孵育72小时。然后,通过用磺酰罗丹明B(sulforhodamine B,SRB)溶液染色存活细胞后测量吸光度,来检查细胞存活度。
结果示于图8。
图8A示出了通过Western印迹法降低的SYT11表达水平,而图8B示出了癌细胞随时间的增殖。
如图8A和8B所示,通过降低SYT11的表达,来抑制癌细胞的增殖。
另外,图8C示出了用siRNA(SYT11)(SEQ ID NO:3、4或5)或siSC(SEQ ID NO:11)处理的SNU484细胞中通过Western印迹法检测到的SYT11表达的降低,而图8D示出了用siRNA(SEQ ID NO:2、3、4或5)处理的细胞的增殖程度。
〈6-2〉确认使用反义寡核苷酸抑制癌细胞增殖
与实施例6-1类似,用反义寡核苷酸AS-SYT11(SEQ ID NO:18或19)或阴性对照AS-NC(SEQ ID NO:20)转染SNU484细胞,并使用实时细胞分析系统(InCuCyte)检查细胞增殖3天。
同时,与实施例6-1同样的方式,用反义寡核苷酸AS-SYT11(SEQ ID NO:18或19)处理SNU484细胞,或者用磺酰罗丹明B(SRB)溶液染色阴性对照AS-NC(SEQ ID NO:20)72小时,通过吸光度测定来研究细胞存活度。
结果示于图9。
如图9所示,当反义寡核苷酸用作SYT11的抑制剂时,如实施例〈6-1〉中使用siRNA的实验,SNU484癌细胞的增殖受到抑制。另一方面,当用阴性对照(SEQ ID NO:20)处理细胞时,细胞增殖不受影响。
根据该结果,SYT11可用作干细胞样胃癌的诊断生物标志物。此外,SYT11抑制剂作为治疗胃癌的组合物,通过抑制胃癌细胞的迁移和侵袭、抑制附着到细胞外基质的能力、抑制各种癌症转移相关细胞因子的分泌、和抑制胃癌细胞的增殖,而显示出优异的效果。
〈实施例7〉SYT11特异性抑制癌细胞增殖
检测敲除SYT4或SYT7是否影响SNU484细胞的生长抑制。如实施例2所示,用siSC、siSYT11、抑制作为SYT家族的另一基因的SYT4的siSYT4(SEQ ID NO:13)、或用抑制SYT7的siSYT7(SEQ ID NO:14)来转染SNU484细胞,并孵育72小时。然后,用磺酰罗丹明B(SRB)溶液染色细胞,通过测量吸光度分析细胞存活度。
结果示于图10。
如图10所示,通过SYT11敲低选择性抑制SNU484细胞增殖,且不受另一SYT家族SYT4或SYT7敲低的影响。
这些结果证明仅抑制SYT11可显示对胃癌,特别是干细胞样胃癌的治疗效果。
<110> 韩国生命工学研究院(Korea Research Institute of Bioscience andBiotechnology)
延世大学校产学协力团(Industry-Academic Cooperation Foundation. YonseiUniversity)
<120> 包含SYT11抑制剂作为活性成分的胃癌治疗组合物
<130> 2019-OPA-2989
<150> KR 2018/0125073
<151> 2018-10-19
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Claims (8)
1.SYT11抑制剂在制备用于预防或治疗胃癌的药物中的用途,
其中所述SYT11抑制剂选自由水解SYT11基因mRNA的siRNA、水解SYT11基因mRNA的shRNA和降低SYT11基因表达的反义寡核苷酸组成的组。
2.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中所述siRNA具有选自由SEQ ID NO:2、SEQ ID NO:3、SEQ ID NO:4和SEQ ID NO:5组成的组的核苷酸序列。
3.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中所述shRNA具有选自由SEQ ID NO:6、SEQ ID NO:15、SEQ ID NO:16和SEQ ID NO:17组成的组的核苷酸序列。
4.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中所述反义寡核苷酸具有选自由SEQ ID NO:18和SEQID NO:19组成的组的核苷酸序列。
5.如权利要求1所述的用途,其中所述胃癌是具有干细胞样或混合亚型的胃癌。
6.用于测量SYT11的表达水平的制剂在制备用于诊断干细胞样亚型胃癌的组合物中的用途。
7.如权利要求6所述的用途,其中所述用于测量SYT11 mRNA水平的制剂是SYT11基因特异性的引物对、探针或反义核苷酸,或
所述用于测量SYT11蛋白水平的制剂是SYT11基因的特异性抗体。
8.一种筛选治疗胃癌的制剂的方法,包括以下步骤:
(a)用治疗胃癌用候选物质处理表达SYT11的分离的胃癌细胞;
(b)测量用所述候选物质处理的分离的胃癌细胞中SYT11的表达水平;以及
(c)当步骤(b)中测量的SYT11的表达水平低于未用所述候选物质处理的分离的胃癌细胞的表达水平时,确定所述候选物质为所述治疗胃癌的制剂。
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