CN112854265A - Ecological restoration construction method for high and steep rock surface and ecological vertical bag used in construction method - Google Patents
Ecological restoration construction method for high and steep rock surface and ecological vertical bag used in construction method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112854265A CN112854265A CN202110261705.9A CN202110261705A CN112854265A CN 112854265 A CN112854265 A CN 112854265A CN 202110261705 A CN202110261705 A CN 202110261705A CN 112854265 A CN112854265 A CN 112854265A
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G9/00—Cultivation in receptacles, forcing-frames or greenhouses; Edging for beds, lawn or the like
- A01G9/02—Receptacles, e.g. flower-pots or boxes; Glasses for cultivating flowers
- A01G9/022—Pots for vertical horticulture
- A01G9/023—Multi-tiered planters
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/202—Securing of slopes or inclines with flexible securing means
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D17/00—Excavations; Bordering of excavations; Making embankments
- E02D17/20—Securing of slopes or inclines
- E02D17/205—Securing of slopes or inclines with modular blocks, e.g. pre-fabricated
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/74—Means for anchoring structural elements or bulkheads
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Pit Excavations, Shoring, Fill Or Stabilisation Of Slopes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological slope protection, and discloses a construction method for ecological restoration of a high and steep rock surface and an ecological vertical bag used by the construction method, wherein the construction method comprises the following steps: removing a slope, determining the hole position of an anchor rod, drilling the anchor rod hole, inserting a steel rope anchor rod by grouting, installing a longitudinal support rope and a transverse support rope, paving and hanging a grid net, paving a steel rope net, hanging an ecological vertical bag, and further comprising a planting bag, wherein a soil dressing material and seedlings are filled in the planting bag, wherein the soil dressing material is prepared by uniformly mixing a soil improvement fertilizer, planting soil and water; the invention has the characteristics of good vegetation growth condition, good applicability and environmental protection.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological slope protection, in particular to a construction method for ecological restoration of a high and steep rock face and an ecological vertical bag used by the construction method.
Background
Along with the development of economy, the urban area is continuously expanded outwards, people develop mountainous areas continuously, the coverage rate of green plants in the mountainous areas is reduced, soil quality is poor, water and soil loss in the mountainous areas is serious, bare rock surfaces and slope surfaces occur, plants are difficult to grow on the rock surfaces and the slope surfaces, and the rock surfaces and the slope surfaces are larger if not artificially repaired, and then the plants fall into vicious circle.
At present, with the attention of people on environmental protection, most of the restoration methods for the rock surface and the slope surface are to use connecting buckles, anchor rods, reinforced gratings and other members to be mutually connected according to a certain rule on the rock surface and the slope surface to form a stable soft side slope, and then hang an ecological vertical bag on the soft side slope so as to restore the rock surface and the slope surface; however, such a mode in the prior art is mostly only suitable for a rock face or a slope with a gradient not greater than 1:1.5, when the gradient of the rock face or the slope to be repaired is larger, such as when the gradient is greater than 60 degrees, the vegetation growth situation is not ideal when the mode is used, and needs to be improved, and meanwhile, the ecological vertical bag in the prior art is mostly made of non-woven geotextile, so that the problems of high cost, slow degradation speed and certain influence on the ecological environment exist, and the improvement is needed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a construction method for ecological restoration of a high and steep rock face and an ecological vertical bag used in the construction method.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: in a first aspect, a construction method for ecological restoration of a high and steep rock face comprises the following steps:
firstly, scarification and falling rocks in an area needing to be protected on a high slope surface are removed, an original side slope contact surface above a slope surface opening line is cleaned, and the width of epitaxial cleaning on a slope top is 1.0-1.5 m;
secondly, paying off and measuring from the lower part of an area needing to be protected on the high slope surface upwards along the middle part of the area and to the two sides to determine the hole positions of the anchor rod, and chiseling a pit at each determined hole position;
drilling an anchor rod hole according to the designed depth and removing dust in the hole;
grouting into the drilled anchor rod hole, inserting a steel rope anchor rod, and maintaining;
installing a longitudinal supporting rope and a transverse supporting rope, fixedly connecting two ends of the tensioned longitudinal supporting rope with two adjacent steel rope anchor rods which are longitudinally distributed through two rope clamps respectively, and fixedly connecting two ends of the tensioned transverse supporting rope with two adjacent steel rope anchor rods which are transversely distributed through two rope clamps respectively;
sixthly, laying and hanging a grid net from top to bottom, and tying the periphery of the grid net by adopting iron wires, a longitudinal support rope and a transverse support rope;
step seven, paving a steel rope net from top to bottom, sewing and pretensioning the steel rope net, the longitudinal support ropes and the transverse support ropes by adopting steel sewing ropes at the periphery of the steel rope net, and then mutually tying the steel rope net and the grid net;
and step eight, hanging ecological vertical bags from top to bottom along the longitudinal direction, hanging the ecological vertical bags on the longitudinal supporting ropes, and transversely fixing the ecological vertical bags on the same horizontal line by using steel wire ropes every 60cm along the longitudinal direction after the ecological vertical bags are hung.
Further, in the second step, the diameter of the pit is 20cm, and the depth of the pit is 15 cm.
Further, the diameter of the anchor rod hole drilled in the third step is not less than 42cm, and the depth is at least 1.5cm longer than the length of the steel rope anchor rod.
Furthermore, cement mortar with the mark number not lower than M20 is adopted for grouting in the fourth step, and the curing time is not less than 3 d.
On the other hand, the invention provides an ecological vertical bag used in the construction method for restoring the ecology of the steep rock surface, which comprises a planting bag, wherein the planting bag is filled with soil dressing materials and nursery stocks, wherein the soil dressing materials are prepared from soil improvement fertilizers, planting soil and water, and the weight ratio of the soil dressing materials is 2: 1: 2 is prepared after being stirred and mixed according to the proportion of
Furthermore, the planting bag is a special anti-degradation solid bag made of a special polypropylene material.
Further, the soil improvement fertilizer is prepared by stirring and mixing an adhesive, a water-retaining agent, wood fiber and an organic fertilizerThen the adhesive is prepared, wherein the dosage of the adhesive is 30g/m2The dosage of the water retention agent is 50g/m2The dosage of the wood fiber is 1.25kg/m2The dosage of the organic fertilizer is 300g/m2。
Furthermore, the planting soil is prepared by crushing and air-drying the planting soil in an implemented region, screening the crushed planting soil through a 1-2cm mesh screen and collecting the screened planting soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
according to the invention, the protective structure for protecting the high and steep slope is constructed by using the steel rope anchor rods, the longitudinal support ropes, the transverse support ropes, the grid net, the steel rope net, the steel suture lines and other members, and is combined with the ecological vertical bag using the special anti-degradation fixing bag as the planting bag, so that the slope with high and steep vertical rock surface and poor pellet spray seeding effect with the slope gradient larger than 65 degrees can be repaired, the problem of soil subsidence of the slope can be well solved, the slope stability is ensured, and the growth condition of vegetation in the ecological vertical bag is further ensured.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a protective net for a steep slope in the invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the hanging of the ecological vertical bag in the invention.
Reference numerals: 1. steel cable anchor rod; 2. a longitudinal support line; 3. a transverse support line; 4. a grid net; 5. a wire rope net; 6. steel sewing ropes; 7. ecological vertical bags; 8. a steel cord.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1: referring to fig. 1 and fig. 2, the embodiment provides a construction method for ecological restoration of a high and steep rock face, including the following steps:
firstly, loosening soil and falling rocks in an area needing to be protected on a high slope surface, trimming the slope surface, knocking down a protruded easy-falling part obviously having dangerous rocks, simultaneously removing a vegetation combination part, taking the removal standard of the vegetation combination part as the standard of removing plant branches on an original side slope, removing underground roots without digging, then removing an original side slope contact surface above a slope surface opening line, and cleaning the top extension of the slope with the width of 1.0-1.5 m;
secondly, paying off and measuring from the lower part of an area needing to be protected on a high slope surface upwards and towards the middle part of the area to two sides to determine anchor rod hole positions, wherein the distance between the upper and lower two adjacent anchor rod hole positions and the distance between the left and right two adjacent anchor rod hole positions are both 450cm, then chiseling a pit at each determined hole position, wherein the chiseling pit needs to have the depth not less than the length of the exposed ring sleeve of the selected steel rope anchor rod 1, and in the embodiment, the chiseling pit has the diameter of 20cm and the depth of 15 cm;
drilling an anchor rod hole according to the designed depth and removing dust in the hole, wherein in the embodiment, the diameter of the anchor rod hole is not less than 42cm, and the depth is at least 1.5cm longer than the length of the steel rope anchor rod 1; if the rock drilling equipment limits that anchor rod holes with proper sizes cannot be drilled, two anchor rod holes with the diameter not smaller than 35cm can be drilled at two sides of the determined anchor rod hole, then two steel ropes forming the steel rope anchor rod 1 are respectively anchored into the two anchor rod holes, the included angle between the two steel ropes is 150-320 degrees, and the inverted V-shaped anchor rod is formed, so that the same anchoring effect is achieved;
and step four, grouting into the drilled anchor rod hole and inserting the steel rope anchor rod 1, wherein in the embodiment, the cement mortar used for grouting adopts the cement mortar with the mark number not lower than M20 in the prior art, and the cement-sand ratio can be selected to be 1: 1-1: 1.2, the water cement ratio is between 0.45 and 0.50, the cement can also be No. 425 ordinary portland cement, and medium-fine sand with the grain diameter not more than 3mm is preferably selected, so that the full slurry is ensured, the maintenance is carried out after the grouting is finished, and the maintenance time is not less than 3 d;
installing a longitudinal support rope 2 and a transverse support rope 3, fixedly connecting two ends of the longitudinal support rope 2 with two adjacent steel rope anchor rods 1 which are longitudinally distributed through two rope clamps respectively after tensioning, and fixedly connecting two ends of the transverse support rope 3 with two adjacent steel rope anchor rods 1 which are transversely distributed through two rope clamps respectively after tensioning;
sixthly, laying and hanging grid nets 4 from top to bottom, wherein in the embodiment, the grid nets 4 are made by mutually sewing two SO/2.2/50 grid nets 4 in the prior art, the requirement that the overlapped width of the two SO/2.2/50 grid nets 4 is not less than 5cm is met, and then the peripheries of the grid nets 4 are tied by adopting iron wires with the diameter of 1.2cm and the longitudinal supporting ropes 2 and the transverse supporting ropes 3;
seventhly, laying a steel rope net 5 from top to bottom, sewing and pre-tensioning the steel rope net 5 and the longitudinal supporting ropes 2 and the transverse supporting ropes 3 by using steel sewing ropes 6 with the diameter of 8cm at the periphery of the steel rope net 5, fixedly connecting two ends of each steel sewing rope 6 by using two rope clamps, and then mutually tying the steel rope net 5 and the grid net 4 by using iron wires with the diameter of 1.2 cm;
step eight, hanging an ecological vertical bag 7 from top to bottom along the longitudinal direction, hanging the ecological vertical bag 7 on a longitudinal supporting rope 2, transversely fixing the ecological vertical bag 7 on the same horizontal line by using a steel wire rope 8 with the diameter of 8cm at intervals of 60cm along the longitudinal direction after the ecological vertical bag 7 is hung, and when the steel wire rope 8 transversely fixes the ecological vertical bag 7 on the same horizontal line, tying the steel wire rope 8 on a steel wire rope net 5 by using an iron wire with the diameter of 1.2cm so as to fix the steel wire rope 8, so that the steel wire rope 8 can transversely fix the ecological vertical bag 7; after the ecological vertical bag 7 is hung, trial pulling is needed, so that the ecological vertical bag 7 is hung firmly and firmly; and the construction is finished after the ecological vertical bag 7 is hung and arranged.
Example 2: the embodiment provides an ecological vertical bag used in a construction method for ecological restoration of a steep rock face, which comprises a planting bag, wherein the planting bag is a special anti-degradation solid bag made of a special polypropylene material in the prior art, the special anti-degradation solid bag is an environment-friendly material, is easy for plant growth, has the characteristics of difficult degradation, ageing resistance, ultraviolet resistance, no toxicity and recyclability, is suitable to be used as a novel planting bag for an ecological vertical bag 7, and a soil dressing material and a nursery stock are filled in the planting bag, wherein the soil dressing material is adopted by a soil improvement fertilizer, planting soil and water 2: 1: 2, the soil improvement fertilizer is prepared by stirring and mixing an adhesive, a water-retaining agent, wood fibers and an organic fertilizer, the planting soil, the wood fibers, the organic fertilizer and the nursery stocks can be tightly connected together by using the adhesive, so that a soil dressing material is formed into a certain thickness and is bonded with a slope surface without sliding and losing easily, the water-retaining agent has strong water absorption and is used for improving the utilization efficiency of water and fertilizer, thereby improving the survival capacity and the growth capacity of the nursery stocks, the wood fibers can change aggregates of surface soil and increase organic matter components, the structural strength and the stability of the soil dressing material are enhanced, thereby ensuring the birth rate and the survival rate of nursery stock seeds, the organic fertilizer is used for increasing the fertility, and providing an environment required for the growth of the nursery stocks, in the embodiment, the using amount of the adhesive is2The dosage of the water retention agent is 50g/m2The dosage of the wood fiber is 1.25kg/m2The dosage of the organic fertilizer is 300g/m2(ii) a The planting soil is prepared by crushing and air-drying the planting soil in the implemented region, screening out the planting soil by using a 1-2cm mesh screen and collecting, and the nursery stock can be selected according to different regions, geographical environments and construction seasons, wherein in the embodiment, the nursery stock is selected from acacia or amorpha fruticosa.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "coaxial", "bottom", "one end", "top", "middle", "other end", "upper", "one side", "top", "inner", "front", "center", "both ends", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "disposed," "connected," "secured," "screwed" and the like are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the terms may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate, and may be communication between two elements or interaction relationship between two elements, unless otherwise specifically limited, and the specific meaning of the terms in the present invention will be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
The above are only typical examples of the present invention, and besides, the present invention may have other embodiments, and all technical solutions formed by equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed.
Claims (8)
1. The ecological restoration construction method for the high and steep rock surface is characterized by comprising the following steps:
firstly, scarification and falling rocks in an area needing to be protected on a high slope surface are removed, an original side slope contact surface above a slope surface opening line is cleaned, and the width of epitaxial cleaning on a slope top is 1.0-1.5 m;
secondly, paying off and measuring from the lower part of an area needing to be protected on the high slope surface upwards along the middle part of the area and to the two sides to determine the hole positions of the anchor rod, and chiseling a pit at each determined hole position;
drilling an anchor rod hole according to the designed depth and removing dust in the hole;
grouting into the drilled anchor rod hole, inserting the steel rope anchor rod (1), and maintaining;
fifthly, installing a longitudinal supporting rope (2) and a transverse supporting rope (3), fixedly connecting two ends of the longitudinal supporting rope (2) with two adjacent steel rope anchor rods (1) which are longitudinally distributed through two rope clamps respectively after tensioning, and fixedly connecting two ends of the transverse supporting rope (3) with two adjacent steel rope anchor rods (1) which are transversely distributed through two rope clamps respectively after tensioning;
sixthly, laying and hanging a grid net (4) from top to bottom, and tying the periphery of the grid net (4) with a longitudinal support rope (2) and a transverse support rope (3) by adopting iron wires;
seventhly, laying a steel rope net (5) from top to bottom, sewing and pre-tensioning the steel rope net (5) with the longitudinal support ropes (2) and the transverse support ropes (3) by using steel sewing ropes (6) at the periphery, and then mutually tying the steel rope net (5) with the grid net (4) by using iron wires;
and step eight, hanging ecological vertical bags (7) from top to bottom along the longitudinal direction, hanging the ecological vertical bags (7) on the longitudinal supporting rope (2), and after the ecological vertical bags (7) are hung, transversely fixing the ecological vertical bags (7) on the same horizontal line by using steel wire ropes (8) at intervals of 60cm along the longitudinal direction.
2. The ecological restoration construction method for the high and steep rock surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the second step, the diameter of the pit is 20cm, and the depth of the pit is 15 cm.
3. The ecological restoration construction method for the high and steep rock surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the diameter of the anchor rod hole drilled in the third step is not less than 42cm, and the depth is at least 1.5cm longer than the length of the steel rope anchor rod (1).
4. The ecological restoration construction method for the high and steep rock surface according to claim 1, characterized in that: and in the fourth step, cement mortar with the mark number not lower than M20 is adopted for grouting, and the curing time is not less than 3 d.
5. An ecological vertical bag for the ecological restoration construction method of the high steep rock face as claimed in claims 1 to 4, which is characterized in that: the soil dressing material is prepared from a soil improvement fertilizer, planting soil and water by the following steps: 1: 2, stirring and mixing to obtain the product.
6. The ecological vertical bag used in the ecological restoration construction method for the steep rock face according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the planting bag is a special anti-degradation solid bag made of special polypropylene materials.
7. The ecological vertical bag used in the ecological restoration construction method for the steep rock face according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the soil improvement fertilizer is prepared by stirring and mixing an adhesive, a water-retaining agent, wood fiber and an organic fertilizer, wherein the dosage of the adhesive is 30g/m2The dosage of the water retention agent is 50g/m2The dosage of the wood fiber is 1.25kg/m2The dosage of the organic fertilizer is 300g/m2。
8. The ecological vertical bag used in the ecological restoration construction method for the steep rock face according to claim 5, is characterized in that: the planting soil is prepared by crushing and air-drying planting soil in an implemented region, screening out the planting soil through a 1-2cm mesh screen and collecting the planting soil.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202110261705.9A CN112854265A (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Ecological restoration construction method for high and steep rock surface and ecological vertical bag used in construction method |
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| CN202110261705.9A CN112854265A (en) | 2021-03-10 | 2021-03-10 | Ecological restoration construction method for high and steep rock surface and ecological vertical bag used in construction method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114303713A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-12 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Side slope three-dimensional ecological protection and restoration structure |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202787280U (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-03-13 | 王彬 | Plant-growing ecological bag for ecological protection |
| CN105297745A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛润国生态科技发展有限公司 | Protection method for high and steep side slope ecological restoration technology |
| CN208328952U (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2019-01-04 | 中铁十五局集团第三工程有限公司 | Side slope Initiative Defence System |
| CN212641481U (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-03-02 | 广东心耕生态环境工程有限公司 | Ecological restoration structure of massif multi-element matrix |
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2021
- 2021-03-10 CN CN202110261705.9A patent/CN112854265A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202787280U (en) * | 2012-09-06 | 2013-03-13 | 王彬 | Plant-growing ecological bag for ecological protection |
| CN105297745A (en) * | 2014-07-18 | 2016-02-03 | 青岛润国生态科技发展有限公司 | Protection method for high and steep side slope ecological restoration technology |
| CN208328952U (en) * | 2018-06-21 | 2019-01-04 | 中铁十五局集团第三工程有限公司 | Side slope Initiative Defence System |
| CN212641481U (en) * | 2020-06-17 | 2021-03-02 | 广东心耕生态环境工程有限公司 | Ecological restoration structure of massif multi-element matrix |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114303713A (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2022-04-12 | 中交第一公路勘察设计研究院有限公司 | Side slope three-dimensional ecological protection and restoration structure |
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