CN112852237A - 一种用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂及其使用方法 - Google Patents

一种用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂及其使用方法 Download PDF

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CN112852237A
CN112852237A CN202110005870.8A CN202110005870A CN112852237A CN 112852237 A CN112852237 A CN 112852237A CN 202110005870 A CN202110005870 A CN 202110005870A CN 112852237 A CN112852237 A CN 112852237A
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房师阁
王亚军
郑俊超
蔺晓超
张曼玉
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Beijing Power Machinery Institute
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂及其使用方法，该封孔剂包括氟树脂、稀释剂和固化剂，其中：所述氟树脂的重量百分比含量为60％～90％；所述稀释剂的重量百分比含量为10％～40％；所述固化剂的重量百分比含量为10％～40％。上述封孔剂在用于热喷涂封严涂层时具有操作温度低和固化快的特点，并且能够使热喷涂封严涂层具有优异的耐腐蚀性能和自润滑性能。

Description

一种用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂及其使用方法
技术领域
本发明涉及热喷涂封严涂层技术领域，具体涉及一种用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂及其使用方法。
背景技术
在航空、航天、能源等领域中，热喷涂封严涂层技术的应用非常广泛，尤其是在工件表面采用热喷涂工艺喷涂的封严涂层。但是，在热喷涂涂层中，具有无法避免的孔隙，并且在封严涂层中孔隙率达到了10％～15％。因此，在湿润的环境中，工件基体及封严涂层都非常容易产生腐蚀，从而导致涂层剥落与工件损伤。现阶段，提高涂层耐腐蚀性的主要方式是用封孔剂封孔，封孔剂应选择具有良好耐腐蚀性能、良好渗透性和流动性的材料。
目前，在200℃及以下的环境温度中，主要的封孔剂材料为酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、丙烯酸树脂等有机树脂。但是酚醛树脂、环氧树脂、丙烯酸树脂等有机树脂由于耐水性好，对于热喷涂封严涂层不具有润滑功能，并且与热喷涂封严涂层材料之间相容性较差，导致热喷涂封严涂层的抗腐蚀能力差和自润滑性能差的缺陷。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明提供了一种用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂及其使用方法，具有操作温度低和固化快的特点，并且能够使热喷涂封严涂层具有优异的耐腐蚀性能和自润滑性能。
本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂，包括氟树脂、稀释剂和固化剂，其中：
所述氟树脂的重量百分比含量为60％～90％；
所述稀释剂的重量百分比含量为10％～40％；
所述固化剂的重量百分比含量为10％～40％。
更进一步地，所述氟树脂为聚四氟乙烯(Poly tetra fluoroethylene，PTFE)、聚三氟氯乙烯(Polytrifluorochloroethylene，PCTFE)、聚偏氟乙烯(Polyvinylidenefluoride，PVDF，)、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物(Ethylene-tetra-fluoro-ethylene，ETFE)以及乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物(Ethylene-chlorotrifluoroethylene copolymer)中的至少一种。
更进一步地，所述稀释剂为200号溶剂汽油。
更进一步地，所述固化剂为甲苯或丙醇。
一种使用上述技术方案提供的任意一种封孔剂对热喷涂封严涂层进行封孔的方法，包括以下步骤：
将封孔剂均匀涂覆于热喷涂封严涂层的表面，使其渗入于涂层孔隙中；
对封孔后的热喷涂封严涂层进行固化处理；
磨削涂层；
去除表面残留的封孔剂。
更进一步地，采用喷涂、刷涂或浸泡工艺将封孔剂涂覆于热喷涂封严涂层的表面。
更进一步地，所述封孔剂的涂覆厚度为0.05mm～0.2mm。
更进一步地，所述封孔剂的涂覆厚度为0.1mm。
更进一步地，在对封孔后的热喷涂封严涂层进行固化处理的步骤中，具体包括：
在60℃下对热喷涂封严涂层进行24h～72h的固化处理，或者，在室温下进行至少2h的预固化之后在100℃～130℃下进行1h～5h的最终固化。
更进一步地，采用抛光工艺去除表面残留的封孔剂。
有益效果：
由于氟树脂引入的氟元素电负性大且碳氟键能强，并具有耐候性、耐热性、耐低温性、耐化学药品性、不粘性、自清洁性、强附着性和低摩擦性等特别优越的各项性能；氟树脂具有良好的渗透性，并可在常温下固化，可有效地对热喷涂封严涂层内的细小孔隙进行封闭，且固化后具有较高的粘合强度；同时，可以通过稀释剂调节封孔剂的粘度；因此，采用上述封孔剂的热喷涂封严涂层具有优异的耐腐蚀性能和自润滑性能，并具有使用工艺简单、操作温度低、固化快和可有效提高生产效率的优点。
附图说明
图1为本发明使用封孔剂对热喷涂封严涂层进行封孔的方法的工艺流程图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图并举实施例，对本发明进行详细描述。
实施例一
本实施例提供了一种用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂，封孔剂包括氟树脂、稀释剂和固化剂，其中：
氟树脂的重量百分比含量为60％～90％；氟树脂的重量百分比含量具体可以为60％、63％、65％、66％、68％、70％、73％、75％、76％、78％、80％、82％、83％、85％、88％、90％；氟树脂可以为聚四氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物以及乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物中的至少一种，即，可以只采用聚四氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物以及乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物中任意一种材料，也可以采用聚四氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物以及乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物中的任意两种或多种材料的组合；
稀释剂的重量百分比含量为10％～40％；稀释剂的重量百分比含量具体可以为10％、13％、15％、16％、18％、20％、22％、25％、27％、29％、30％、31％、32％、35％、37％、40％；稀释剂可以为200号溶剂汽油；
固化剂的重量百分比含量为10％～40％；固化剂的重量百分比含量具体可以为10％、12％、13％、15％、16％、18％、20％、22％、25％、27％、29％、30％、31％、32％、35％、37％、40％；固化剂可以为甲苯或丙醇。
上述封孔剂包括氟树脂、稀释剂和固化剂，氟树脂是主要的封孔组分；稀释剂用来调节封孔剂的粘度，其含量多时流动性较好、但会影响封孔效果，含量少时则过于粘稠导致渗透性变差；固化剂用于氟树脂的固化。当氟树脂的重量百分比含量为60％～90％、稀释剂的重量百分比含量为10％～40％且固化剂的重量百分比含量为10％～40％时，封孔剂具有较好的风控效果。
由于氟树脂具有耐候性、耐热性、耐低温性、耐化学药品性、不粘性、自清洁性、强附着性和低摩擦性等特别优越的各项性能，同时，氟树脂具有良好的渗透性，并可在常温下固化，使得封孔剂具有使用工艺简单、操作温度低、固化速度快和有效提高生产效率的特点，通过封孔剂能够有效地对热喷涂封严涂层内的细小孔隙进行封闭，且固化后具有较高的粘合强度，使得采用封孔剂的热喷涂封严涂层具有优异的耐腐蚀性能和自润滑性能。
在实际使用过程中，上述封孔剂可以采用以下具体配方：
配方一：封孔剂包括重量百分比含量为75％的聚四氟乙烯、重量百分比含量为13％的200号溶剂汽油和重量百分比含量为12％的甲苯。
配方二：封孔剂包括重量百分比含量为73％的聚偏氟乙烯和乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物、重量百分比含量为15％的200号溶剂汽油和重量百分比含量为12％的甲苯。
配方三：封孔剂包括重量百分比含量为76％的聚三氟氯乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物以及乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物，重量百分比含量为12％的200号溶剂汽油和重量百分比含量为12％的丙醇。
上述列出的封孔剂的三种具体配方只是多种配方中的一部分，并不是封孔剂的所有配方，在实际生产过程中，还可以采用其它未列出的配方。
实施例二
本实施例提供了一种使用上述封孔剂对热喷涂封严涂层进行封孔的方法，如图1所示，该方法包括以下步骤：
步骤S10，将封孔剂均匀涂覆于热喷涂封严涂层的表面，使其渗入于涂层孔隙中；在涂覆过程中，可以采用喷涂、刷涂或浸泡工艺将封孔剂涂覆于热喷涂封严涂层的表面，并且封孔剂的涂覆厚度可以为0.05mm～0.2mm，如：0.05mm、0.08mm、0.1mm、0.12mm、0.15mm、0.2mm；
步骤S20，对封孔后的热喷涂封严涂层进行固化处理；在对封孔后的热喷涂封严涂层进行固化处理时，可以在60℃下对热喷涂封严涂层进行24h～72h的固化处理，也可以先在室温下进行至少2h的预固化之后再在100℃～130℃下进行1h～5h的最终固化；
步骤S30，磨削涂层；通过磨削工艺对涂覆的涂层进行处理，使涂覆的涂层厚度达到要求尺寸；
步骤S40，去除表面残留的封孔剂；在去除表面多余的封孔剂时，可以采用抛光工艺去除表面残留的封孔剂。
使用上述封孔剂对热喷涂封严涂层进行封孔的方法，由于封孔剂采用氟树脂，可以在常温下固化，使得封孔剂具有使用工艺简单、操作温度低、固化速度快和有效提高生产效率的特点。
另外，由于氟树脂具有强附着性、低摩擦性以及良好的渗透性，通过封孔剂可有效对热喷涂封严涂层内的细小孔隙进行填充和封闭，且固化后的涂层具有较高的粘合强度，使得采用了上述封孔剂的热喷涂封严涂层具有优异的耐腐蚀性能和自润滑性能。
综上所述，以上仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并非用于限定本发明的保护范围。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (10)

1.一种用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂，其特征在于，包括氟树脂、稀释剂和固化剂，其中：
所述氟树脂的重量百分比含量为60％～90％；
所述稀释剂的重量百分比含量为10％～40％；
所述固化剂的重量百分比含量为10％～40％。
2.如权利要求1所述的用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂，其特征在于，所述氟树脂为聚四氟乙烯、聚三氟氯乙烯、聚偏氟乙烯、乙烯-四氟乙烯共聚物以及乙烯-三氟氯乙烯共聚物中的至少一种。
3.如权利要求1所述的用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂，其特征在于，所述稀释剂为200号溶剂汽油。
4.如权利要求1所述的用于热喷涂封严涂层的封孔剂，其特征在于，所述固化剂为甲苯或丙醇。
5.一种使用如权利要求1-4中任意一项所述的封孔剂对热喷涂封严涂层进行封孔的方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
将封孔剂均匀涂覆于热喷涂封严涂层的表面，使其渗入于涂层孔隙中；
对封孔后的热喷涂封严涂层进行固化处理；
磨削涂层；
去除表面残留的封孔剂。
6.如权利要求5所述的使用方法，其特征在于，采用喷涂、刷涂或浸泡工艺将封孔剂涂覆于热喷涂封严涂层的表面。
7.如权利要求6所述的使用方法，其特征在于，所述封孔剂的涂覆厚度为0.05mm～0.2mm。
8.如权利要求7所述的使用方法，其特征在于，所述封孔剂的涂覆厚度为0.1mm。
9.如权利要求5所述的使用方法，其特征在于，在对封孔后的热喷涂封严涂层进行固化处理的步骤中，具体包括：
在60℃下对热喷涂封严涂层进行24h～72h的固化处理，或者，在室温下进行至少2h的预固化之后在100℃～130℃下进行1h～5h的最终固化。
10.如权利要求5-8任一项所述的使用方法，其特征在于，采用抛光工艺去除表面残留的封孔剂。
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CN102925044A (zh) * 2012-10-29 2013-02-13 常州大学 一种pvd铝镀层表面封孔涂层的制备方法
CN103709850A (zh) * 2013-12-06 2014-04-09 青岛益群漆业集团有限公司 一种氟碳防霉抗藻透明耐碱封闭底漆
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CN106519697A (zh) * 2016-12-08 2017-03-22 航天特种材料及工艺技术研究所 一种封孔组合物、使用该组合物封孔的应变隔离垫及其制造方法

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