CN112841764A - 一种可降解防护服及其制作方法 - Google Patents
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- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 11
- 239000004745 nonwoven fabric Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000004698 Polyethylene Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 229920001610 polycaprolactone Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000004632 polycaprolactone Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- -1 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920000573 polyethylene Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229920000747 poly(lactic acid) Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004626 polylactic acid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000009987 spinning Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009958 sewing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000004594 Masterbatch (MB) Substances 0.000 description 18
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 description 2
- OXIKLRTYAYRAOE-CMDGGOBGSA-N (e)-3-(1-benzyl-3-pyridin-3-ylpyrazol-4-yl)prop-2-enoic acid Chemical group N1=C(C=2C=NC=CC=2)C(/C=C/C(=O)O)=CN1CC1=CC=CC=C1 OXIKLRTYAYRAOE-CMDGGOBGSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000711573 Coronaviridae Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010035664 Pneumonia Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002521 macromolecule Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D13/00—Professional, industrial or sporting protective garments, e.g. surgeons' gowns or garments protecting against blows or punches
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A41—WEARING APPAREL
- A41D—OUTERWEAR; PROTECTIVE GARMENTS; ACCESSORIES
- A41D31/00—Materials specially adapted for outerwear
- A41D31/04—Materials specially adapted for outerwear characterised by special function or use
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/06—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyolefin as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D01—NATURAL OR MAN-MADE THREADS OR FIBRES; SPINNING
- D01F—CHEMICAL FEATURES IN THE MANUFACTURE OF ARTIFICIAL FILAMENTS, THREADS, FIBRES, BRISTLES OR RIBBONS; APPARATUS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF CARBON FILAMENTS
- D01F8/00—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof
- D01F8/04—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers
- D01F8/14—Conjugated, i.e. bi- or multicomponent, artificial filaments or the like; Manufacture thereof from synthetic polymers with at least one polyester as constituent
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- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/005—Synthetic yarns or filaments
-
- D—TEXTILES; PAPER
- D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
- D04H—MAKING TEXTILE FABRICS, e.g. FROM FIBRES OR FILAMENTARY MATERIAL; FABRICS MADE BY SUCH PROCESSES OR APPARATUS, e.g. FELTS, NON-WOVEN FABRICS; COTTON-WOOL; WADDING ; NON-WOVEN FABRICS FROM STAPLE FIBRES, FILAMENTS OR YARNS, BONDED WITH AT LEAST ONE WEB-LIKE MATERIAL DURING THEIR CONSOLIDATION
- D04H3/00—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length
- D04H3/08—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating
- D04H3/10—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically
- D04H3/105—Non-woven fabrics formed wholly or mainly of yarns or like filamentary material of substantial length characterised by the method of strengthening or consolidating with bonds between yarns or filaments made mechanically by needling
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- Textile Engineering (AREA)
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- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Physical Education & Sports Medicine (AREA)
- Artificial Filaments (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种可降解防护服。该可降解防护服采用可降解无纺布制作得到，所述可降解无纺布含以下重量百分比的组分：聚乳酸50～70％、聚己内酯20～30％和聚乙烯10～20％。与现有技术相比，本发明的可降解防护服具有良好的强度和生物降解性，降低废弃防护服填埋处理对环境的危害。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可降解防护服及其制作方法。
背景技术
突如其来的新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情使得防护服的使用量剧增，也造成大量废弃的防护服，一般可通过焚烧、化学或高温消毒后填埋等方式对这些废弃防护服进行无害化处理。现有防护服产品主要采用PE、PP、PU无纺布面料，这些面料的可降解性差，消毒后直接填埋处理会长期存在土壤中造成二次污染，焚烧又会对空气造成二次污染。
发明内容
基于现有防护服的不足，本发明的目的在于提供一种可降解防护服及其制作方法。
为实现上述目的，本发明采用的技术方案如下：
一种可降解防护服，其特点在于：所述可降解防护服采用可降解无纺布制作得到，所述可降解无纺布含以下重量百分比的组分：
聚乳酸50～70％、聚己内酯20～30％和聚乙烯10～20％。
优选地，所述可降解无纺布的克重为70～90克/平方米。
上述可降解防护服的制作方法，包括以聚乳酸、聚己内酯纤维和聚乙烯为纤维原料，经熔融、喷丝、成网、加固、裁剪、缝合，制成防护服。
优选地，喷丝时控制纤维的直径为2～10微米。
优选地，采用针刺方式加固。
具体实施方式
以下结合实施例对本发明的技术方案做进一步详细说明。
本发明所述可降解防护服是采用可降解无纺布制作得到，该可降解无纺布含以下重量百分比的组分：聚乳酸50～70％、聚己内酯20～30％和聚乙烯10～20％。依《纺织品非织造布可生物降解性能的评价二氧化碳释放测定法》GB/T33616—2017测得该可降解无纺布90天的生物降解率达到80％左右。
聚乳酸、聚己内酯和聚乙烯均为可降解高分子，聚己内酯具有较低的熔点温度60℃左右，在无害化处理时较低的温度即可破坏防护服的结构，分解成碎片，聚乙烯能提高无纺布的强度。
实施例1
可降解防护服的制作过程包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚乳酸母粒、聚己内酯母粒和聚乙烯母粒干燥；
(2)再将干燥的聚乳酸母粒、聚己内酯母粒和聚乙烯母粒分别喂入螺杆挤压机熔融挤出；
(3)按聚乳酸70重量份、聚己内酯20重量份和聚乙烯10重量份，将熔融物混合后从纺丝板挤出，通过气流牵伸至铺网机，克重控制在80克/平方米左右，纤维直径控制在6微米左右；
(4)成网后，采用针刺法加固，得到无纺布；
(5)按设计规格，按常规方法对无纺布进行裁剪、缝合，得到可降解防护服。
实施例2
可降解防护服的制作过程包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚乳酸母粒、聚己内酯母粒和聚乙烯母粒干燥；
(2)再将干燥的聚乳酸母粒、聚己内酯母粒和聚乙烯母粒分别喂入螺杆挤压机熔融挤出；
(3)按聚乳酸60重量份、聚己内酯25重量份和聚乙烯15重量份，将熔融物混合后从纺丝板挤出，通过气流牵伸至铺网机，克重控制在80克/平方米左右，纤维直径控制在8微米左右；
(4)成网后，采用针刺法加固，得到无纺布；
(5)按设计规格，按常规方法对无纺布进行裁剪、缝合，得到可降解防护服。
实施例3
可降解防护服的制作过程包括以下步骤:
(1)将聚乳酸母粒、聚己内酯母粒和聚乙烯母粒干燥；
(2)再将干燥的聚乳酸母粒、聚己内酯母粒和聚乙烯母粒分别喂入螺杆挤压机熔融挤出；
(3)按聚乳酸50重量份、聚己内酯30重量份和聚乙烯20重量份，将熔融物混合后从纺丝板挤出，通过气流牵伸至铺网机，克重控制在80克/平方米左右，纤维直径控制在3微米左右；
(4)成网后，采用针刺法加固，得到无纺布；
(5)按设计规格，按常规方法对无纺布进行裁剪、缝合，得到可降解防护服。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种可降解防护服，其特征在于：所述可降解防护服采用可降解无纺布制作得到，所述可降解无纺布含以下重量百分比的组分：
聚乳酸50～70％、聚己内酯20～30％和聚乙烯10～20％。
2.根据权利要求1所述的制作方法，其特征在于：所述可降解无纺布的克重为70～90克/平方米。
3.权利要求1所述可降解防护服的制作方法，包括以聚乳酸、聚己内酯纤维和聚乙烯为纤维原料，经熔融、喷丝、成网、加固、裁剪、缝合，制成防护服。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制作方法，其特征在于：喷丝时控制纤维的直径为2～10微米。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制作方法，其特征在于：采用针刺方式加固。
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101289784A (zh) * | 2008-03-31 | 2008-10-22 | 严华荣 | 一种无纺布加工工艺 |
| CN101949071A (zh) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 扬州大学 | 一种生物可降解复合纤维及其生产方法 |
| CN102558794A (zh) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-07-11 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种共混材料及其制备方法、可降解包装材料及其制备方法 |
| CN104530673A (zh) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-04-22 | 海南大学 | 一种可生物降解的纺粘无纺布切片及其制备方法 |
| CN105442187A (zh) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-30 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种聚乳酸/聚己内酯熔喷非织造材料的制备方法 |
| CN111789316A (zh) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-20 | 中物科技新材料(深圳)有限公司 | 一种可生物降解防护服及其制作方法 |
-
2021
- 2021-01-06 CN CN202110014700.6A patent/CN112841764A/zh active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101289784A (zh) * | 2008-03-31 | 2008-10-22 | 严华荣 | 一种无纺布加工工艺 |
| CN101949071A (zh) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-01-19 | 扬州大学 | 一种生物可降解复合纤维及其生产方法 |
| CN102558794A (zh) * | 2010-12-09 | 2012-07-11 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | 一种共混材料及其制备方法、可降解包装材料及其制备方法 |
| CN104530673A (zh) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-04-22 | 海南大学 | 一种可生物降解的纺粘无纺布切片及其制备方法 |
| CN105442187A (zh) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-03-30 | 浙江理工大学 | 一种聚乳酸/聚己内酯熔喷非织造材料的制备方法 |
| CN111789316A (zh) * | 2020-07-20 | 2020-10-20 | 中物科技新材料(深圳)有限公司 | 一种可生物降解防护服及其制作方法 |
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