CN112841025A - Breeding method of high cold-resistance cabbage type winter rape variety - Google Patents
Breeding method of high cold-resistance cabbage type winter rape variety Download PDFInfo
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- CN112841025A CN112841025A CN202110082778.1A CN202110082778A CN112841025A CN 112841025 A CN112841025 A CN 112841025A CN 202110082778 A CN202110082778 A CN 202110082778A CN 112841025 A CN112841025 A CN 112841025A
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of winter rape breeding, in particular to a method for breeding a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance, which aims at the problem that the cold resistance of the cabbage type winter rape is poor during breeding and screening, and provides the following scheme, which comprises the following steps: s1: selecting parents; s2: hybridizing and breeding; s3: variety identification; s4: and (3) repeated breeding: s5: comparing and screening; in the invention, the drought resistance treatment of the cabbage type winter rape is improved by carrying out hybridization treatment on the cabbage type winter rape and the sesames, and drought-resistant and high cold-resistant cabbage type winter rape seeds are bred by carrying out multiple screening on the cabbage type winter rape; by the breeding and breeding method, the cold resistance and the cold resistance of the cabbage type winter rape are improved, so that the problems of drought and severe low temperature of the cabbage type winter rape in winter in the north are solved, and the stable winter of the cabbage type winter rape in the north area is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of winter rape breeding, in particular to a breeding method of a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance.
Background
The development of winter rape production in northern arid-cold regions of China can increase the vegetation coverage in winter and spring, solve the problem of idle cultivated land in autumn and winter, avoid sand and dust sources caused by farming activities such as autumn cultivation and spring sowing, and meanwhile, the traditional one-year-one-maturing mode can be changed into two-year-one-maturing mode or two-year-three-maturing mode due to the high yield, high oil content, early maturing and suitable multiple cropping of later crops; therefore, the winter rape can not only improve the multiple cropping index and the economic benefit of unit land area, but also has obvious ecological benefit.
However, in northern areas, the winter and spring are windy, the evaporation capacity is large, the climate is severe cold and arid, the ecological environment is severe, the common winter rape variety is difficult to overwinter, and the breeding of the winter rape variety with excellent cold resistance, excellent quality and high yield is the first problem for developing the production of the winter rape in the area.
Therefore, a method for breeding a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance is needed to solve the problem of poor cold resistance of the cabbage type winter rape during breeding and screening.
Disclosure of Invention
The breeding method of the cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance provided by the invention solves the problem of poor cold resistance of the cabbage type winter rape during breeding and screening.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme: a method for breeding a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting parents: selecting cabbage type winter rape with excellent plant type and quality and sesames with good drought resistance as hybrid parents;
s2: and (3) hybridization breeding: selecting the seeds in the step S1, taking cabbage type winter rape with excellent plant type and quality as a hybrid female parent and sesames with good drought resistance as a hybrid male parent, pollinating the cabbage type winter rape with the pollens of the sesames, then inoculating the pollens to a culture medium for culturing to obtain hybrid seedlings, and transplanting the hybrid seedlings to a test field;
s3: variety identification: performing biological identification on the hybrid seedling culture in the step S2, and screening out a true hybrid variety of the cabbage type winter rape and the sesames;
s4: and (3) repeated breeding: replacing the sesames in the S1 with the hybrid varieties selected in the S3 step, selecting cabbage type winter rape with excellent plant type and quality, and repeating the steps in the S2 step and the S3 step to obtain multi-generation hybrid seedling seeds;
s5: and (4) comparison and screening: and (4) inoculating the multi-generation seedling seeds obtained in the step S4 into a culture dish for culture, adopting the same culture and planting intervals and selecting the culture temperature as a variable factor, culturing the multi-generation hybrid seedling seeds, screening out the seedlings with excellent quality, and transplanting.
Preferably, bagging is performed during pollination in the cross breeding in step S2.
Preferably, before the culture in the culture medium in step S2, the culture medium is sterilized with 75% ethanol and then washed with sterile water.
Preferably, the biological identification in step S3 includes morphological identification, molecular biological identification and cytological identification of the seedling.
Preferably, the multi-generation hybrid seedling raising seeds in the step S4 include first, second and third generation hybrid seedling raising seeds, the first generation seedling raising seeds are seedling raising seeds of hybrid cabbage type winter rape and sesamol, the second generation seedling raising seeds include seedling raising seeds of hybrid cabbage type winter rape and first generation, and the third generation seedling raising seeds include seedling raising seeds of hybrid cabbage type winter rape and second generation.
Preferably, the temperature range of the culture section in step S5 is a normal winter temperature range of-10 ℃ to-20 ℃, a severe temperature of-20 ℃ to-30 ℃ and an extreme severe temperature of-30 ℃ to-40 ℃.
Preferably, the excellent qualities in step S5 include a suitable plant type of seedling, a high branching site and good cold resistance.
Preferably, the culture quantification in step S5 further includes the same concentration of the culture medium liquid and the same wind strength.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the method, the drought resistance treatment of the cabbage type winter rape is improved by performing hybridization treatment on the cabbage type winter rape and the sesames, and drought-resistant and high-cold-resistant cabbage type winter rape seeds are bred by performing multiple screening on the cabbage type winter rape.
2. According to the breeding and breeding method, the cold resistance and the cold resistance of the cabbage type winter rape are improved, so that the problems of drought and severe low temperature of the cabbage type winter rape in winter in the north are solved, the stable winter of the cabbage type winter rape in the north is improved, and the survival rate and the yield of the cabbage type winter rape are fully guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for breeding a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the survival rate and performance of the seeds at normal winter air temperature part of the breeding method of the high cold-resistant brassica napus variety of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the survival rate and performance of the seeds at severe temperature in winter according to the method for breeding a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the survival rate and partial performance of extremely severe winter seeds of the breeding method of the high cold-resistant brassica napus variety provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
Referring to fig. 1-4, a breeding method of a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance comprises the following steps:
s1: selecting parents: selecting cabbage type winter rape with excellent plant type and quality and sesames with good drought resistance as hybrid parents;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: the brassica napus and the sesames belong to brassica plants, and the sesames have good drought resistance effect and are used for improving the cold resistance effect of rape varieties, so that the hypocotyl No. 3 of brassica napus flower oil and the hypocotyl of the sesames are adopted for hybridization treatment, so that the brassica napus meets the cold climate and drought resistance conditions in winter, and the germination rate of seeds planted in winter by the brassica napus is improved.
S2: and (3) hybridization breeding: selecting the seeds in the step S1, taking cabbage type winter rape with excellent plant type and quality as a hybrid female parent and sesames with good drought resistance as a hybrid male parent, pollinating the cabbage type winter rape with the pollens of the sesames, then inoculating the pollens to a culture medium for culturing to obtain hybrid seedlings, and transplanting the hybrid seedlings to a test field;
specifically, the method comprises the following steps: when the culture medium is cultured at a density of 1 × 105/mL, the germination rate of the rooted seeds of the plants can reach 85 percent by taking improved KM8p added with 1.0 mg/L2, 4-D, 0.5 mg/L6-BA, 0.5mg/L NAA, 200mg/L inositol and 300mg/L hydrolyzed casein as a fusion medium and taking 0.1mol/L sucrose, 0.2mol/L glucose and 0.2mol/L mannitol as osmotic stabilizers for liquid shallow layer culture.
S3: variety identification: performing biological identification on the hybrid seedling culture in the step S2, and screening out a true hybrid variety of the cabbage type winter rape and the sesames;
specifically, the biological quality identification comprises identification of hybrid varieties by morphology, cytology, isozyme analysis, original taste hybridization technology and molecular markers of seedling culture, and selection of disease resistance and stress resistance of the hybrid varieties, so that excellent hybrid varieties are selected to prepare for the next process.
S4: and (3) repeated breeding: replacing the sesames in the S1 with the hybrid varieties selected in the S3 step, selecting cabbage type winter rape with excellent plant type and quality, and repeating the steps in the S2 step and the S3 step to obtain multi-generation hybrid seedling seeds;
s5: and (4) comparison and screening: and (4) inoculating the multi-generation seedling seeds obtained in the step S4 into a culture dish for culture, adopting the same culture and planting intervals and selecting the culture temperature as a variable factor, culturing the multi-generation hybrid seedling seeds, screening out the seedlings with excellent quality, and transplanting.
And step S2, bagging is carried out in the pollination process of the hybrid breeding, and specifically, the bagging treatment mode is used for improving the purity of the cabbage type winter rape and the sesames in the hybrid treatment.
Before culturing in the culture medium in step S2, the culture medium is sterilized with 75% alcohol, and then washed with sterile water, specifically, the culture medium is sterilized with alcohol, and after sterilization, the alcohol is washed with sterile water for a plurality of times.
The biological identification in step S3 includes morphological identification, molecular biological identification and cytological identification of seedlings.
The multi-generation hybrid seedling raising seeds in the step S4 comprise first generation, second generation and third generation hybrid seedling raising seeds, the first generation seedling raising seeds are seedling raising seeds obtained by hybridizing cabbage type winter rape and sesamol, the second generation seedling raising seeds comprise seedling raising seeds obtained by hybridizing cabbage type winter rape and the first generation, and the third generation seedling raising seeds comprise seedling raising seeds obtained by hybridizing cabbage type winter rape and the second generation.
In step S5, the temperature range of the culture zone is normal winter temperature range-10 to-20 ℃, the severe temperature is-20 to-30 ℃, and the extreme severe temperature is-30 to-40 ℃.
The excellent qualities in step S5 include a suitable plant type of the seedling, a high branching site and good cold resistance.
The culture quantification in step S5 also includes the same concentration of the culture medium liquid and the same wind strength.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A method for breeding a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: selecting parents: selecting cabbage type winter rape with excellent plant type and quality and sesames with good drought resistance as hybrid parents;
s2: and (3) hybridization breeding: selecting the seeds in the step S1, taking cabbage type winter rape with excellent plant type and quality as a hybrid female parent and sesames with good drought resistance as a hybrid male parent, pollinating the cabbage type winter rape with the pollens of the sesames, then inoculating the pollens to a culture medium for culturing to obtain hybrid seedlings, and transplanting the hybrid seedlings to a test field;
s3: variety identification: performing biological identification on the hybrid seedling culture in the step S2, and screening out a true hybrid variety of the cabbage type winter rape and the sesames;
s4: and (3) repeated breeding: replacing the sesames in the S1 with the hybrid varieties selected in the S3 step, selecting cabbage type winter rape with excellent plant type and quality, and repeating the steps in the S2 step and the S3 step to obtain multi-generation hybrid seedling seeds;
s5: and (4) comparison and screening: and (4) inoculating the multi-generation seedling seeds obtained in the step S4 into a culture dish for culture, adopting the same culture and planting intervals and selecting the culture temperature as a variable factor, culturing the multi-generation hybrid seedling seeds, screening out the seedlings with excellent quality, and transplanting.
2. The method for breeding a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pollination process of the hybridization breeding in step S2 is performed with bagging treatment.
3. The method for breeding a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step S2, before cultivation in the culture medium, 75% alcohol disinfection is performed, and then the cultivation medium is washed with sterile water.
4. The method for breeding a variety of winter rape with high cold resistance according to claim 1, wherein the biological identification in step S3 includes morphological identification, molecular biological identification and cytological identification of seedlings.
5. The selective breeding method of a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the multiple generation hybrid seedling seeds in step S4 include first generation, second generation and third generation hybrid seedling seeds, the first generation seedling seeds are seedling seeds of hybrid cabbage type winter rape and sesamol, the second generation seedling seeds include seedling seeds of hybrid cabbage type winter rape and first generation, and the third generation seedling seeds include seedling seeds of hybrid cabbage type winter rape and second generation.
6. The method for breeding a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature range of the culture zone in step S5 is the normal winter temperature range of-10 ℃ to-20 ℃, the severe temperature of-20 ℃ to-30 ℃ and the extreme severe temperature of-30 ℃ to-40 ℃.
7. The method for breeding a cabbage type winter rape variety with high cold resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the excellent quality in step S5 includes the plants of the seedlings being suitable for type, high in branching parts and good in cold resistance.
8. The method for selectively breeding a variety of winter rape with high cold resistance as claimed in claim 1, wherein the cultivation quantification in step S5 further includes the same concentration of the culture medium liquid and the same wind strength.
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| CN202110082778.1A CN112841025A (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2021-01-21 | Breeding method of high cold-resistance cabbage type winter rape variety |
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| CN202110082778.1A CN112841025A (en) | 2021-01-21 | 2021-01-21 | Breeding method of high cold-resistance cabbage type winter rape variety |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113906962A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-01-11 | 深圳市航科量子科技有限公司 | Crop seed quality improvement method based on quantum technology |
| CN115281074A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-11-04 | 贵州省油菜研究所 | Breeding method of cabbage type rape |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613912A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 甘肃农业大学 | Breeding method of brassica napus winter rape variety with high cold resistance, high yield and good quality |
| CN109906937A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-06-21 | 湖北大学 | A kind of breeding method of cabbage type rape drought resisting germplasm |
-
2021
- 2021-01-21 CN CN202110082778.1A patent/CN112841025A/en not_active Withdrawn
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106613912A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 甘肃农业大学 | Breeding method of brassica napus winter rape variety with high cold resistance, high yield and good quality |
| CN109906937A (en) * | 2019-01-28 | 2019-06-21 | 湖北大学 | A kind of breeding method of cabbage type rape drought resisting germplasm |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 罗斌 等: "我国白菜型冬油菜与甘蓝型冬油菜抗寒性研究进展", 《陕西农业科学》 * |
| 翟书慧: "甘蓝型油菜×芝麻菜杂种后代获得及鉴定", 《中国优秀博硕士学位论文全文数据库(硕士) 农业科技辑》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113906962A (en) * | 2021-08-23 | 2022-01-11 | 深圳市航科量子科技有限公司 | Crop seed quality improvement method based on quantum technology |
| CN115281074A (en) * | 2022-07-01 | 2022-11-04 | 贵州省油菜研究所 | Breeding method of cabbage type rape |
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