CN112839744A - 用于从流体输送管线去除内部堵塞材料的装置 - Google Patents

用于从流体输送管线去除内部堵塞材料的装置 Download PDF

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CN112839744A
CN112839744A CN201980047573.0A CN201980047573A CN112839744A CN 112839744 A CN112839744 A CN 112839744A CN 201980047573 A CN201980047573 A CN 201980047573A CN 112839744 A CN112839744 A CN 112839744A
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cutting tool
protective coating
fluid transfer
transfer line
plugging material
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T·G·罗绍罗克拉克
R·雷博尔德马里尼奥
R·E·多斯桑托斯
M·克鲁津斯基
M·托里斯皮扎派斯
G·科尔德农斯达丰塞卡
G·达尔皮亚兹
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South Dahezhou Federal University
Petroleo Brasileiro SA Petrobras
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Petroleo Brasileiro SA Petrobras
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B08B9/04Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes
    • B08B9/049Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes having self-contained propelling means for moving the cleaning devices along the pipes, i.e. self-propelled
    • B08B9/0495Nozzles propelled by fluid jets
    • B08B9/0497Nozzles propelled by fluid jets provided with additional mechanical cleaning tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B08B9/04Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes
    • B08B9/043Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes moved by externally powered mechanical linkage, e.g. pushed or drawn through the pipes
    • B08B9/0436Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes moved by externally powered mechanical linkage, e.g. pushed or drawn through the pipes provided with mechanical cleaning tools, e.g. scrapers, with or without additional fluid jets
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B08B9/04Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes
    • B08B9/049Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes having self-contained propelling means for moving the cleaning devices along the pipes, i.e. self-propelled
    • B08B9/051Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes having self-contained propelling means for moving the cleaning devices along the pipes, i.e. self-propelled the cleaning devices having internal motors, e.g. turbines for powering cleaning tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B41/00Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D79/00Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
    • B23D79/02Machines or devices for scraping
    • B23D79/04Machines or devices for scraping with rotating cutting-tool, e.g. for smoothing linings of bearings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B2209/00Details of machines or methods for cleaning hollow articles
    • B08B2209/02Details of apparatuses or methods for cleaning pipes or tubes
    • B08B2209/027Details of apparatuses or methods for cleaning pipes or tubes for cleaning the internal surfaces
    • B08B2209/04Details of apparatuses or methods for cleaning pipes or tubes for cleaning the internal surfaces using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B08B9/04Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes
    • B08B9/043Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes moved by externally powered mechanical linkage, e.g. pushed or drawn through the pipes
    • B08B9/045Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes moved by externally powered mechanical linkage, e.g. pushed or drawn through the pipes the cleaning devices being rotated while moved, e.g. flexible rotating shaft or "snake"
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B08CLEANING
    • B08BCLEANING IN GENERAL; PREVENTION OF FOULING IN GENERAL
    • B08B9/00Cleaning hollow articles by methods or apparatus specially adapted thereto 
    • B08B9/02Cleaning pipes or tubes or systems of pipes or tubes
    • B08B9/027Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages
    • B08B9/04Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes
    • B08B9/043Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes moved by externally powered mechanical linkage, e.g. pushed or drawn through the pipes
    • B08B9/047Cleaning the internal surfaces; Removal of blockages using cleaning devices introduced into and moved along the pipes moved by externally powered mechanical linkage, e.g. pushed or drawn through the pipes the cleaning devices having internal motors, e.g. turbines for powering cleaning tools
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23BTURNING; BORING
    • B23B51/00Tools for drilling machines
    • B23B51/04Drills for trepanning
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23DPLANING; SLOTTING; SHEARING; BROACHING; SAWING; FILING; SCRAPING; LIKE OPERATIONS FOR WORKING METAL BY REMOVING MATERIAL, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23D79/00Methods, machines, or devices not covered elsewhere, for working metal by removal of material
    • B23D79/02Machines or devices for scraping
    • B23D79/021Machines or devices for scraping for removing welding, brazing or soldering burrs, e.g. flash, on pipes or rods
    • B23D79/023Machines or devices for scraping for removing welding, brazing or soldering burrs, e.g. flash, on pipes or rods internally

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Cleaning In General (AREA)
  • Milling Processes (AREA)
  • Branch Pipes, Bends, And The Like (AREA)
  • Pipeline Systems (AREA)

Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于从流体输送管线(3)去除内部堵塞材料(10)的装置,所述装置包括通过旋转致动器(8)激活的切割工具(9),其中:所述切割工具(9)位于所述装置的前部处;并且所述切割工具(9)包括小于所述流体输送管线(3)的内直径的直径。

Description

用于从流体输送管线去除内部堵塞材料的装置
技术领域
本发明涉及用于管的内部维护技术。更具体而言,本发明涉及一种内部材料取出装置,该内部材料取出装置由焊接流体输送管线的过程产生。
背景技术
然而,称为流体输送管线的用于石油、天然气、矿石和流体的管道、井、漏斗、通管、导管、管路被设计成处理特定的操作标准。因此,这些设计根据流体和介质的性质、操作和外部压力、温度、排放量、运输距离以及影响这些设施的使用寿命和性能的其他特性来设定尺寸。
除了流体输送管线的操作设计特性之外,还有系统检查和维护停工,从而使得可以预测和修理偏离性能标准的区域,从而延长了操作寿命。这些性能标准的偏差中的许多偏差的特征在于呈现厚度损失、裂纹、泄漏和不期望的微结构,这些特征会造成机械阻力降低,并且因此造成操作故障。
其他偏差与内部堵塞有关,这些内部堵塞限制了材料的部分流动,从而产生湍流和空穴现象以及其他问题,或者完全限制了正在输送的液体的流动。沉积在运输管线的内壁上的积聚的内部材料的形成可能在制造、构造、维护和操作期间发生。
在操作期间,内部材料的积聚在大多数情况下是由于例如腐蚀和钙化之类的电化学过程而发生。由制造、构造和维护引起的内部材料的积聚形成在接头处,在那里机械和几何特性针对每种类型的过程而变化。
例如,可提及刚性耦接的过程,其具有如下特性,即:通过法向力,在某些情况下继之以锻造,使用加热来结合接触的表面的顶部。然而,由于这是涉及成形接触表面的过程,因此一些加热的材料被排出接头外部,从而产生具有高机械阻力的剩余材料。
最常用的方法是阻力和摩擦,其中每种方法主要区别在于加热源。在阻力方法中,通过在接触的区域之间传递的电流密度流来加热所述表面。
在管摩擦焊接过程中,接头受到由施加力时表面的摩擦和材料的剪切产生的能量的束缚。对于流体输送管线,某些设备通过在相对运动中应用在流体输送管线的末端上使用的环、管或构造元件来处理这些接头。
在管焊接过程之后,会产生内部毛刺,如果不去除这些内部毛刺,最终会阻碍内部流动。
现有技术中已知的若干文献致力于解决所提到的问题,下面将介绍其中的一些。
文献WO1995024980A1披露了一种设备,其用于从管内部去除内部突起,例如焊接毛刺。该设备包括前进装置,并且借助于轴承、轮或等效装置来支撑在管的内壁上。根据该文献,切割工具在其转动时切割这些突起。
文献US4822221A披露了一种用于去除管中的焊接焊刺的单元。该单元包括安装在壳体中的致动器马达和齿轮箱。在工具旋转时,切割工具去除这些焊刺。
文献US4682921A描述了一种用于从管去除毛刺的设备,其包括一对隔开并与切割工具对齐的轮。推进轮被枢转地安装在该设备的主体的与该切割工具相对的一侧上,以将其推靠待切割的表面。
如可以看到的,所列出的现有技术中的文献示出了几种类型的设备,这些设备用于从管的内部去除毛刺和突起。还看到的是,它们全都描述了管内的推进和移动系统,所述系统由马达和传动系统构成。
然而,所找到的文献均未提及如下设备,即:该设备包括位于装置的前部处的切割工具,这将使得从焊接过程去除毛刺的过程更加高效。
如将在下面更好地详述的,本发明试图以实用和高效的方式来解决上述现有技术中的问题。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种去除管中的毛刺的装置,该装置包括位于该装置的前部处的切割工具,其中,该工具的直径略小于该管的直径。
为了实现上述目的,本发明提供了一种从流体输送管线去除内部堵塞材料的装置,该装置包括通过旋转致动器激活的切割工具,其中:该切割工具位于该装置的前部处;并且该切割工具的直径小于该流体输送管线的内直径。
附图说明
下面呈现的详细描述参考了附图及其相应的附图标记。
图1示出了根据本发明的可选构造的用于从流体输送管线去除内部堵塞材料的装置。
具体实施方式
首先,要注意的是,下面的描述将参考本发明的优选实施例。然而,如对于任何本领域技术人员而言将显而易见的,本发明不限于该特定实施例。
图1示出了根据本发明的可选构造的用于从流体输送管线3去除内部堵塞材料10的装置。
在本发明的更一般的构造中,用于从流体输送管线3去除内部堵塞材料10的装置包括通过旋转致动器8激活的切割工具9,其中,切割工具9位于该装置的前部处,并且与流体输送管线3的内直径相比,切割工具9具有较小的直径。该切割工具的直径优选地略小于流体输送管线3的内直径。
因此,由于切割工具9位于去除装置的前部处,所以从流体输送管线3去除内部堵塞材料10的过程更加高效,并且随着该工具在流体输送管线3内前进而完成。
如本文献中已经描述的,输送管线3中的内部堵塞材料10可能是来自管焊接过程的毛刺。
可选地,为了使得本发明的装置能够居中,其可具有部分地包裹该装置的保护涂层2。注意,为了使现在描述的装置更高效地操作,重要的是将切割工具9保持在保护涂层2外部。因此,切割工具9可能非常靠近流体输送管线3的内壁,从而更好地清洁该内壁。
另外,该装置可包括适于在旋转致动器8和切割工具9之间传递旋转力的轴5,其中,该轴5可通过支架4支撑在保护涂层2内。
在该构造中,当保护涂层2使该装置在管线3内居中时,切割工具9也居中,从而进一步优化了该过程,并且允许在非常靠近流体输送管线3的内壁的位置去除毛刺10。
为了促进组件在管内移动的目的,保护涂层2可在其外壁上具有脚轮6。因此,当去除装置被放置在流体输送管线3内时,该脚轮将来自摩擦的阻碍最小化,从而促进其移动。
可选地,该去除装置可包括纵向力操作系统1,其适于在切割工具9上施加纵向力。因此,该纵向力操作系统1可将切割工具9压靠毛刺10,从而导致该工具的更高效的操作。
当使用该构造时,纵向力操作系统1可在内部连接到保护涂层2,因此当其对切割工具9施加纵向力时,纵向力操作系统1不会沿相反的方向移动,从而确保了切割工具9的移动仅沿毛刺10的方向。
在以上段落中描述的构造中,可能希望防止保护涂层2在流体输送管线3内移动。因此,通过锁定保护涂层2,施加在切割工具9上的纵向力变得更高效。
为此,本发明还提供的是,可选地,该去除装置将包含外部可缩回的紧固夹7,其适于被附连到流体输送管线3的内壁。因此,当该装置靠近使用点定位时,该紧固夹7被激活,从而使该去除装置锁定。此时,如上所述,其他元件可被激活。
从到目前为止所描述的,用于从流体输送管线3去除内部堵塞材料10的装置取出源自于运输管线3的制造、构造、维护和操作的内部材料10,这是通过对内部堵塞材料10施加来源于切割工具9的旋转运动和平行于运输管线3的前进的力。
切割工具9可通过纵向力操作系统1来前进,该纵向力操作系统1与旋转致动器8同步地操作,该旋转致动器8可通过命令和响应反馈系统(未示出)来控制。因此,命令系统可根据接收到的信息来改变切割工具9的旋转速度和前进两者。
另外,旋转致动器8将旋转力通过由支架4支撑的轴5传递到切割工具9。切割工具9的主体可以是刚性的,其具有或不具有可缩回的切割镶刀。
因此,纵向力操作系统1和旋转致动器8支持该切割工具在内部堵塞材料10上的旋转和前进。纵向力操作系统1还可被连接到旋转致动器8,连接到轴5和支撑支架4,并且它们可被收容在保护涂层2内,该保护涂层2包括用于物理和化学保护的涂层,其具有的直径小于流体输送管线3的直径,其中,它通过脚轮6的系统来移动。
因此,通过随着紧固夹7的扩展对管3的壁施加反作用力,来完成用于取出内部堵塞材料10的过程。
在用于取出内部堵塞材料10的过程结束时,紧固夹7被撤回,从而使得用于从流体输送管线取出内部堵塞材料的系统能够借助于脚轮系统移动,该脚轮系统可包括受控电源6,以移动现在描述的去除装置。
因此,本发明提供了一种用于从流体输送管线3去除内部堵塞材料10的装置,该装置以极其简单和高效的方式并且以相对于现有技术中已知的技术而言全新的方式取出由输送管线3的制造、构造、维护和操作产生的内部材料10。
再次要注意的是,允许对本申请的保护范围的无数种变型。因此,强调了本发明不限于上述特定构造/实施例的事实。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于从流体输送管线(3)去除内部堵塞材料(10)的装置,包括通过旋转致动器(8)激活的切割工具(9),其中:所述切割工具(9)位于所述装置的前部处;并且所述切割工具(9)的直径小于所述流体输送管线(3)的内直径。
2.根据权利要求1所述的用于去除的装置,其中,所述装置包括部分地包裹所述装置的保护涂层(2),其中,所述切割工具(9)被保持在所述保护涂层(2)外部。
3.根据权利要求2所述的去除装置,其中,所述装置包括适于在所述旋转致动器(8)和所述切割工具(9)之间传递旋转力的轴(5),其中,所述轴(5)通过支架(4)支撑在所述保护涂层(2)内。
4.根据权利要求2和3所述的去除装置,其中,所述保护涂层(2)可在其外壁上具有脚轮(6),其中,所述脚轮(6)包括适于移动所述去除装置的受控电源。
5.根据权利要求2至4中任一项所述的去除装置,其中,所述装置包括适于在所述切割工具(9)上施加纵向力的纵向力操作系统(1),并且其中,所述纵向力操作系统(1)在内部附接到所述保护涂层(2)。
6.根据权利要求2至5中任一项所述的去除装置,其中,所述保护涂层(2)包含外部可缩回的紧固夹(7),所述紧固夹(7)适于被附接到所述流体输送管线(3)的内壁。
CN201980047573.0A 2018-05-15 2019-05-15 用于从流体输送管线去除内部堵塞材料的装置 Pending CN112839744A (zh)

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