CN112825640A - Flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt back-flowing resistant layer and coastal reclamation saline-alkali land salt back-flowing resistant method - Google Patents
Flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt back-flowing resistant layer and coastal reclamation saline-alkali land salt back-flowing resistant method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt back-resistant layer comprises two parts, namely a flue gas desulfurization gypsum horizontal salt-resistant layer and a flue gas desulfurization gypsum vertical salt-resistant layer, the two parts form a closed structure, the flue gas desulfurization gypsum horizontal salt-resistant layer extends to the position below the flue gas desulfurization gypsum vertical salt-resistant layer, a deep ploughing tractor with a liquid injection device is adopted, liquid flue gas desulfurization gypsum is continuously injected into the position 60-70cm underground in the deep ploughing process to form a flue gas desulfurization gypsum vertical salt-resistant layer with the thickness of 2-4cm, and a groove with the width of 15-25cm and the depth of 80-100cm is excavated on one side adjacent to seawater and filled with the flue gas desulfurization gypsum. The salt migration to the improved soil area vertically and horizontally under the plough layer and on the side of the saline-alkali soil adjacent to the seawater can be effectively prevented, the purpose of long-acting salt return resistance is achieved, and the method has remarkable economic and ecological benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of saline-alkali soil improvement, in particular to a flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt back-flowing resistant layer and a salt back-flowing resistant method for coastal reclamation saline-alkali soil.
Background
China has a coastline as long as 18000km, and coastal saline-alkali soil is almost uniformly distributed in coastal provinces, cities and autonomous regions, and the area is about 211.4 multiplied by 104hm2With the increase of human reclamation activities, the area of the reclaimed saline-alkali soil increased every year is considerable, and the saline-alkali soil is a very expensive strategic resource. Chinese patent CN102577687A discloses a comprehensive improvement method of coastal saline soil, but the salt return phenomenon that the salt at the lower part of the soil ascends along with capillary water and the saline water at the side adjacent to seawater laterally permeates is greatly counteracted. Therefore, how to solve the problem that secondary salt return of soil in coastal reclamation areas is imminent, the existing salt-blocking technology or the salt-blocking method have different defects, salt is blocked under a pure cultivation layer, and the salt laterally permeating and salt return of the improved reclamation area adjacent to the seawater side is neglected or is limited to local salt blocking. For example, Chinese patent CN107182336A discloses a method for improving salt resistance of a plastic film laid under a plough layer of a coastal saline-alkali land, wherein the method for salt resistance is implemented by laying a plastic film under the plough layer, and the film recovery is difficult and the risk of white pollution exists. Chinese patent CN103975666A discloses a method for controlling salt in moderately severe salinized soil suitable for cotton cultivation, which is a method of laying a straw salt-blocking layer below a plough layer and drip irrigation, and has narrow application range, is suitable for cotton crops but is not necessarily suitable for grain crops such as wheat and the like or other landscaping plants. Chinese patent CN107624603A discloses a method for forestation in inland saline-alkali soil, wherein the saline-alkali soil improvement forestation adopts a high molecular polymer of artificial synthesis, namely polyurethane solution to solidify and form a film for salt isolation, which not only has the problems of high cost and environmental risk caused by difficult recovery of film materials, but also has the problems that the forestation improvement belongs to root-limiting planting and is not suitable for field crops. Chinese patent CN208227933U discloses a salt barrier structure for effectively preventing alkali return, which discharges salt through an alkali discharge pipe of a salt barrier layer, prevents saline groundwater from rising along capillary pores of soil through crushed stone, thereby preventing salt and desalting, but has large engineering workload; chinese patent CN110384016A discloses a salt isolation method for saline-alkali soil, which adopts double-layer salt isolation measures for planting holes of saline-alkali soil and is supplemented with an annular PVC (polyvinyl chloride) breathable/drip irrigation pipe, so that the rising of salt in underground water is inhibited, the salt near plant roots is reduced, the salt in a salt isolation layer is reduced by leaching, but the operation is complicated, and only partial salt blocking can be carried out. Therefore, there is a need for a low-cost, wide-range of application, environment-friendly, simple technology, and suitable for coastal enclosuresAn anti-salt return technology which can reclaim saline-alkali soil and can prevent salt for a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the existing salt blocking technology that the salt return condition occurs after a certain time after the desalination in the existing desalination technology, and provides a salt return resisting structure and method for coastal reclamation saline-alkali land by using flue gas desulfurization gypsum.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme:
the invention provides a flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt return-resistant layer which comprises a horizontal flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt-blocking layer and a vertical flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt-blocking layer, wherein the two parts form a closed structure, and the horizontal flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer extends to the position below the vertical flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer.
Preferably, the horizontal flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer extends to 20-30cm below the vertical flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer.
The invention also provides a salt return resisting method for the coastal reclamation saline-alkali land, which adopts the flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt return resisting layer and comprises the following steps:
s1: injecting the flue gas desulfurization gypsum into the ground in the tillage process to form a vertical salt-resistant layer of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum;
s2: and digging a groove on the offshore side of the saline-alkali soil, and filling flue gas desulfurization gypsum into the groove to form a vertical flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer.
Preferably, in the step S1, flue gas desulfurization gypsum is injected into the underground position of 60-70cm in the tillage process, and the thickness of the vertical salt rejection layer of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum is 2-4 cm. More preferably, the flue gas desulfurization gypsum vertical salt-resistant layer is fixed with a pipeline at the rear end of a plough tooth of a deep ploughing tractor for conveying flue gas desulfurization gypsum slurry, and liquid flue gas desulfurization gypsum is continuously injected into the position 70cm below the ground in the deep ploughing process to form a horizontal flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer with the thickness of about 2cm in the soil depth.
Preferably, the depth of the groove in the S2 is 80-100cm, and the width is 15-25 cm. More preferably, the horizontal salt rejection layer of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum is excavated from the ground surface downwards by a grooving machine or a mini-excavator, soil is removed, and the flue gas desulfurization gypsum is filled, wherein the groove is designed to have the depth of 100cm and the width of 20 cm.
Preferably, the flue gas desulfurization gypsum is flue gas desulfurization gypsum produced by a wet desulfurization process.
Preferably, the fineness of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum is less than or equal to 200 meshes.
Preferably, the horizontal flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer is prepared from a slurry of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum mixed with water.
Preferably, the vertical flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer is prepared from flue gas desulfurization gypsum powder.
The invention discloses the following technical effects:
the invention provides an anti-salt return method aiming at the improvement effect caused by secondary salt return due to horizontal and vertical penetration after salt discharge and salt washing improvement. Sustained and slow release Ca of flue gas desulfurization gypsum in salt return resistant layer2+Penetrate into the surrounding soil by displacing the soil colloid Na+And the dispersed soil particles are agglomerated into aggregates to destroy capillary pores, so that the salt migration of the saline-alkali soil below the plough layer and on the side adjacent to the seawater to the improved soil area vertically and horizontally is effectively prevented, the secondary salt return after the saline-alkali soil is improved in coastal reclamation is avoided, and the purpose of long-acting salt return resistance is achieved.
The traditional salt-return-resistant layer has the defects that a film is difficult to recover, or the engineering workload is huge, or the salt is limited to local salt control, the flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt-return-resistant layer comprises two parts, namely a vertical salt-return-resistant layer of flue gas desulfurization gypsum and a horizontal salt-return-resistant layer of flue gas desulfurization gypsum, the two parts form a closed structure, the horizontal salt-return-resistant layer of flue gas desulfurization gypsum extends to the lower part of the vertical salt-return-resistant layer of flue gas desulfurization gypsum, a fixed pipeline at the rear end of plough teeth of a deep ploughing tractor is used for conveying flue gas desulfurization gypsum slurry, the liquid flue gas desulfurization gypsum is continuously injected into the underground position of 70cm in the deep ploughing process, a horizontal flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer with the thickness of about 2cm is formed at the soil depth by utilizing the physical diffusion effect of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum slurry, and large-area saline-alkali soil excavation is not needed, the method has the advantages of no need of burying underground facilities, no secondary pollution such as white pollution and the like, easy popularization, simple operation, capability of making up the defects of the traditional method, and remarkable economic benefit and ecological benefit when being popularized and applied in large areas in coastal reclamation saline-alkali lands.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a salt return resistant layer of flue gas desulfurization gypsum according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a desulfurized gypsum slurry injection apparatus.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to various exemplary embodiments of the invention, the detailed description should not be construed as limiting the invention but as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features and embodiments of the invention.
It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. Further, for numerical ranges in this disclosure, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range, is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intervening value in a stated range and any other stated or intervening value in a stated range is encompassed within the invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included or excluded in the range.
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. Although only preferred methods and materials are described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention. All documents mentioned in this specification are incorporated by reference herein for the purpose of disclosing and describing the methods and/or materials associated with the documents. In case of conflict with any incorporated document, the present specification will control.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the specific embodiments of the present disclosure without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Other embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification. The description and examples are intended to be illustrative only.
As used herein, the terms "comprising," "including," "having," "containing," and the like are open-ended terms that mean including, but not limited to.
The flue gas desulfurization gypsum vertical salt rejection layer refers to a layer resisting salt return in the horizontal direction, and the flue gas desulfurization gypsum horizontal salt rejection layer refers to a layer resisting salt return in the vertical direction.
The flue gas desulfurization gypsum produced by the wet desulfurization process is less than or equal to 200 meshes.
Example 1
In the experiment, the newly reclaimed saline-alkali land of the coastal waters of southeast Asian province of Jiangsu can not be used for planting crops, and the yield of the improved wheat reaches 60% of the yield of the normal wheat in the same period in the local area. The specific operation comprises the following steps:
1) the deep ploughing tractor with the liquid injection device is adopted, the ploughshare interval of the deep ploughing tractor is adjusted to be 50cm, the liquid injection pipe is fixed at the rear end of the plough share, flue gas desulfurization gypsum slurry (as shown in figure 2) is injected into the liquid injection pipe, a pipeline for conveying the flue gas desulfurization gypsum slurry is fixed at the rear end of the plough share to avoid the damage of the pipeline, the flue gas desulfurization gypsum slurry is smoothly injected into the ground, and the flue gas desulfurization gypsum slurry is continuously injected into the position 60cm below the ground in the deep ploughing process, so that a horizontal flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer with the thickness of 3cm is formed in the soil depth.
2) A small excavator is adopted to dig a groove with the depth of 90cm and the width of 20cm downwards from the ground surface close to a horizontal salt return resistant layer on one side of the offshore place, soil is cleaned, and flue gas desulfurization gypsum powder is directly filled.
3) Wheat is planted in the improved area for two growing seasons.
The structure schematic diagram of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt-return-resistant layer is shown in figure 1.
Salt return resisting effect: according to the method, the reclamation saline-alkali soil is subjected to two growing seasons, the alkalization degree of soil in an unmodified area on the offshore side is 58.1-61.8%, the salinity is 8.02-14.8%, only saline-alkali resistant suaeda salsa grows, the alkalization degree of a reclamation area protected by a salt-resistant layer is 12.8-14.2%, the salinity is maintained at 1.52-1.68%, and the yield of wheat is 58-60% of the yield of normal wheat in the same period of the local area.
Example 2
In the embodiment, the saline-alkali soil newly reclaimed in Pudong of Shanghai has the saline-alkali degree of 9.38-14.5% after soil improvement, and the survival rate of the planted salix integra is 81.0%. The specific operation comprises the following steps:
1) the ploughshare distance of the deep ploughing tractor is adjusted to be 30cm, a pipeline for conveying flue gas desulfurization gypsum slurry is fixed at the rear end of each plough tooth, and liquid flue gas desulfurization gypsum is continuously injected into the position 60cm underground in the deep ploughing process, so that a horizontal flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer with the thickness of 2cm is formed in the soil depth.
2) A small excavator is adopted to dig a groove with the depth of 80cm and the width of 20cm downwards from the ground surface close to a horizontal salt return resistant layer on the offshore side, soil is cleaned, and flue gas desulfurization gypsum powder is directly filled.
3) And planting salix integra in the improved area.
Salt return resisting effect: in the first year of the arrangement of the isolation layer, the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil in the area which is not improved at the sea side is 38.0-42.3%, the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil in the area which is improved and protected by the salt-resistant layer is 8.06-12.3%, and in the second year, the alkalinity of the saline-alkali soil in the area which is improved and protected by the salt-resistant layer is 8.95-11.8%, the salt return condition does not occur, and the survival rate of the planted salix integra is not reduced within two years.
Example 3
The experimental land of the embodiment is a newly reclaimed saline-alkali land of Shanghai Chongming island, and the growing plants are mainly reed, suaeda glauca and other a few saline-alkali tolerant plants. The specific operation comprises the following steps:
1) the ploughshare distance of the deep ploughing tractor is adjusted to be 30cm, a pipeline for conveying flue gas desulfurization gypsum slurry is fixed at the rear end of each plough tooth, and liquid flue gas desulfurization gypsum is continuously injected into the position 70cm underground in the deep ploughing process, so that a horizontal flue gas desulfurization gypsum layer with the thickness of 4cm is formed in the soil depth.
2) A small excavator is adopted to dig a groove with the depth of 100cm and the width of 20cm downwards from the ground surface close to a horizontal salt return resistant layer on the offshore side, soil is cleaned, and flue gas desulfurization gypsum powder is directly filled.
3) And (5) planting salix integra.
Salt return resisting effect: within three years of the setting of the salt return resistant layer, the alkalization degree of the soil in the protected area outside the salt rejection layer is maintained at 37.8-48.6%, the survival rate of salix integra in the saline-alkali soil in the unprotected area on the sea side near the sea side is 28% in the first year, the salix integra dies in three years successively, the coverage degree of the herbaceous vegetation is 10-18%, and the salix aquatica, reed, aster and other salt-tolerant seeds are mainly adopted; the alkalization degree of the improved soil in the salt-resistant layer protection area is maintained at 6.08-13.2%, the survival rate of the salix integra is maintained at 79-87%, the coverage degree of the herbaceous vegetation is 90-98%, and the growth of the plants which are not salt-resistant, such as the eclipta alba, the annual fleabane herb and the like is favored.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, are merely for convenience of description of the present invention, and do not indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a salt layer is prevented returning by flue gas desulfurization gypsum, its characterized in that, the salt layer is prevented returning by flue gas desulfurization gypsum includes two parts, and the vertical salt layer and the horizontal salt layer of hindering of flue gas desulfurization gypsum, two parts form the closed structure, just the horizontal salt layer of hindering of flue gas desulfurization gypsum is deepened to the vertical salt layer below of hindering of flue gas desulfurization gypsum.
2. The flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt back-blocking layer as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flue gas desulfurization gypsum horizontal salt-blocking layer extends 20-30cm below the flue gas desulfurization gypsum vertical salt-blocking layer.
3. A salt back-flow resisting method for coastal reclamation saline-alkali land, which is characterized in that the flue gas desulfurization gypsum salt back-flow resisting layer of claim 1 or 2 is adopted, and comprises the following steps:
s1: injecting the flue gas desulfurization gypsum into the ground in the tillage process to form a vertical salt-resistant layer of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum;
s2: and digging a groove on the offshore side of the saline-alkali soil, and filling flue gas desulfurization gypsum into the groove to form a horizontal salt-resistant layer of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the flue gas desulfurization gypsum is injected into the ground at 60-70cm during tillage in the S1, and the thickness of the vertical salt rejection layer of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum is 2-4 cm.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the groove depth of S2 is 80-100cm, and the width is 15-25 cm.
6. The method of claim 3, wherein the flue gas desulfurization gypsum is flue gas desulfurization gypsum produced by a wet desulfurization process.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein the fineness of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum is less than or equal to 200 meshes.
8. The method for resisting salt return of the coastal saline-alkali soil as claimed in claim 3, wherein the flue gas desulfurization gypsum vertical salt-resisting layer is prepared by slurry of the flue gas desulfurization gypsum mixed with water and is injected by a pipeline fixed at the rear end of plough teeth of a deep ploughing tractor.
9. The method of claim 3, wherein the horizontal salt rejection layer of flue gas desulfurization gypsum is prepared from flue gas desulfurization gypsum powder.
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