CN112821533B - Electric automobile power conversion system for multiplexing PTC into DCDC - Google Patents
Electric automobile power conversion system for multiplexing PTC into DCDC Download PDFInfo
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- CN112821533B CN112821533B CN202110031480.8A CN202110031480A CN112821533B CN 112821533 B CN112821533 B CN 112821533B CN 202110031480 A CN202110031480 A CN 202110031480A CN 112821533 B CN112821533 B CN 112821533B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/34—Parallel operation in networks using both storage and other dc sources, e.g. providing buffering
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/615—Heating or keeping warm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/65—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells
- H01M10/657—Means for temperature control structurally associated with the cells by electric or electromagnetic means
- H01M10/6571—Resistive heaters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/22—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/24—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/28—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac
- H02M3/325—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
- H02M3/335—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output with intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode to produce the intermediate ac using devices of a triode or a transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses an electric automobile power conversion system with PTC multiplexing as DCDC, which comprises an OBC module, a direct current bus, a high-voltage battery pack and a controller which are sequentially connected, wherein the direct current bus is connected with a low-voltage storage battery through the DCDC module, and is connected with the PTC multiplexing module; the PTC multiplexing module receives electric energy on the direct current bus and is used for heating the high-voltage battery pack; when the DCDC module fails, the PTC multiplexing module constructs an electric energy transmission channel of the direct current bus and the low-voltage storage battery; the input of the DCDC spare part and the input of the PTC are both high-voltage ends of the battery, and are controlled by the same MCU or DSP, the same low-voltage system is shared by the same low-voltage circuits, and the communication with the whole vehicle is completed by the same CAN circuit; the spare part is formed by adding a part of circuits and switching devices to the original PTC circuit design to perform power conversion, so that the cost of the whole vehicle can be greatly reduced; the design key point of the patent is that the DCDC spare part and the PTC module which are originally independently manufactured are arranged in the same part, so that the cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an electric automobile power system, in particular to an electric automobile power conversion system with PTC multiplexing into DCDC.
Background
Referring to fig. 1, an electric vehicle generally has an OBC part, a DCDC part, or a two-in-one product in which the OBC part and the DCDC part are integrated in one part. Referring to the schematic diagram of the connection of the main modules of the whole vehicle shown in fig. 2, for the OBC function, the whole vehicle is in a static state when being charged, the failure of the electric device is not easy to cause injury to a driver, while the DCDC component works in the running of the whole vehicle, once a problem occurs, the low-voltage electric device of the whole vehicle can quickly consume the energy of the storage battery, the running speed of the vehicle can be limited, or the storage battery is deficient, the automobile cannot work, and if the electric device is in a very dangerous state in the high-speed running state, the failure hazard of the DCDC is far greater than that of other power conversion equipment. In view of functional safety, a backup DCDC is needed to be made to achieve the safety level D, and the backup DCDC can replace a failure component to work when the original DCDC fails.
The PTC component is used as a load component of an electric vehicle, and its main topology is shown in fig. 3, and is generally composed of 2 to 3 groups of switching devices and heating components connected in series. The battery pack is used for heating the battery pack when the automobile is at low temperature, and is generally not used when the whole automobile is in operation. And the function of heating is less common than for OBC and DCDC components. The circuit structure of the PTC is generally that a switching device is connected in series with a heating plate and connected in parallel with a battery pack, and the whole vehicle controls the average current flowing through the heating plate to control the heating power by controlling the duty ratio of the switching device. The heating power p= (DU) 2/R of PTC, where P is the heating power of PTC, U is the output voltage of the battery pack or OBC, D is the duty cycle of IGBT, and R is the equivalent resistance of the heating plate. The PTC component also needs CAN communication function, is controlled by the whole vehicle, the low-voltage control power supply comes from KL30, and the high-voltage wire harness is connected to the high-voltage end of the battery. PTC can be seen as a simple heating load, with some similarity to power electronic conversion devices.
Referring to fig. 4, to achieve the functional safety level D of the DCDC component in the prior art, an additional housing, a high voltage harness, an auxiliary circuit, a switching device, an installation space, etc. are required to back up a standby DCDC independent of the original DCDC component, which is disadvantageous in terms of cost, as an additional set of DCDC costs is added.
If the DCDC spare parts are made into PTC, the cost and the wire harness can be saved, and the installation of the whole vehicle part is also beneficial.
Therefore, how to design a power conversion system for an electric vehicle with DCDC spare parts in PTC is a technical problem to be solved in the industry.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the invention provides an electric automobile power conversion system with PTC multiplexing as DCDC.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is to design an electric automobile power conversion system with PTC multiplexing as DCDC, which comprises an OBC module, a direct current bus, a high-voltage battery pack and a controller which are sequentially connected, wherein the direct current bus is connected with a low-voltage storage battery through the DCDC module, and the direct current bus is connected with the PTC multiplexing module; the PTC multiplexing module receives electric energy on the direct current bus and is used for heating the high-voltage battery pack; and when the DCDC module fails, the PTC multiplexing module constructs an electric energy transmission channel of the direct current bus and the low-voltage storage battery.
In one design, the PTC multiplexing module comprises a first relay S1, a second relay S2, and a transformer T, wherein the transformer T comprises a primary side first winding L1 and a primary side second winding L2 connected end to end; one contact of the first relay S1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus, the other contact of the first relay S1 is connected with one contact of the second relay S2, the first heating plate R1 and one end of the second heating plate R2, the other end of the first heating plate R1 is connected with one end of the first switching tube Q1 and the same-name end of the primary side first winding L1, the other end of the second heating plate R2 is connected with one end of the second switching tube Q2 and the different-name end of the primary side second winding L2, the other ends of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus, and the other contact of the second relay S2 is connected with the different-name end of the primary side first winding L1 and the same-name end of the second winding L2; the first relay S1, the second relay S2, the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are controlled by a controller to be switched on and off; the secondary winding of the transformer T is connected with a rectifying and filtering module, and the rectifying and filtering module is connected with the low-voltage storage battery. The secondary winding of the transformer T comprises a secondary first winding L3 and a secondary second winding L4 which are connected end to end, and the rectifying and filtering module comprises a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a freewheeling diode D3, a filtering inductor L0 and a filtering capacitor C1; the same-name end of the secondary side first winding L3 is connected with the anode of a first diode D1, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with one end of a filter inductor L0, the cathodes of a follow current diode D3 and a second diode D2, one end of the filter inductor L0 is connected with one end of a filter capacitor C1 and the anode of a low-voltage storage battery, the different-name end of the secondary side second winding L4 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2, and the different-name end of the secondary side first winding L3 and the same-name end of the secondary side second winding L4 are connected with the anode of the follow current diode D3, the other end of the filter capacitor C1 and the cathode of the low-voltage storage battery.
In this design, the other end of the first heating plate R1 is connected in series with a third relay S3 and then connected with one end of the first switching tube Q1 and the same name end of the primary side first winding L1, and the other end of the second heating plate R2 is connected in series with a fourth relay S4 and then connected with one end of the second switching tube Q2 and the different name end of the primary side second winding L2; the third relay S3 and the fourth relay S4 are controlled by a controller to be switched on and switched off. The second relay S2, the third relay S3 and the fourth relay S4 adopt contacts on the same relay, the second relay S2 is provided with normally open contacts, and the third relay S3 and the fourth relay S4 are provided with normally closed contacts.
In another design, the PTC multiplexing module includes a first relay S1, a second relay S2, and a transformer T, where one contact of the first relay S1 is connected to the positive electrode of the dc bus, the other contact of the first relay S1 is connected to one end of the first heating sheet R1 and one end of the third switching tube Q3, the other end of the first heating sheet R1 is connected to one end of the first switching tube Q1, the other end of the third switching tube Q3 is connected to one end of the second heating sheet R2 and one contact of the second relay S2, the other end of the second heating sheet R2 and the other contact of the second relay S2 are connected to one end of the second switching tube Q2 and one end of the resonant inductor Lr, the other ends of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are connected to the negative electrode of the dc bus, the other end of the resonant inductor Lr is connected to one end of the resonant capacitor Cr, the other end of the resonant capacitor Cr is connected to one end of the primary winding Lm of the transformer T, and the other end of the primary winding Lm is connected to the negative electrode of the dc bus; the first relay S1, the second relay S2, the first switching tube Q1, the second switching tube Q2 and the third switching tube Q3 are controlled by a controller to be switched on and switched off; the secondary winding of the transformer T is connected with a rectifying and filtering module, and the rectifying and filtering module is connected with the low-voltage storage battery. The secondary winding of the transformer T comprises a secondary first winding L3 and a secondary second winding L4 which are connected end to end, and the rectifying and filtering module comprises a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a filtering capacitor C1; the same-name end of the first winding L3 of the secondary side is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2, one end of the filter capacitor C1 and the cathode of the low-voltage storage battery, the different-name end of the second winding L4 is connected with the cathode of the second diode D2, and the different-name end of the first winding L3 of the secondary side and the same-name end of the second winding L4 of the secondary side are connected with the other end of the filter capacitor C1 and the anode of the low-voltage storage battery.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention makes the DCDC spare part and the PTC module together, so that the module has heating capacity, can be used as the DCDC spare part to replace the whole vehicle function when the DCDC part fails, effectively utilizes the shell of the PTC, the wire harness, the water channel and the control circuit, and realizes the PTC function and the DCDC backup function; voltage conversion can be completed, and high voltage is converted into 14V low voltage power; communication with the whole vehicle, output overvoltage and undervoltage protection and overcurrent protection can be completed, so that the safety of functions is improved to D, a lot of cost is saved, and a lot of wire harnesses are reduced.
Drawings
The invention is described in detail below with reference to examples and figures, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a power conversion system product;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a connection of main modules of the whole vehicle in the prior art;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a prior art PTC topology;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a connection of main modules of a whole vehicle for adding DCDC backup in the prior art;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the main modules of the whole vehicle with the PTC multiplexing module added;
fig. 6 is a circuit diagram of a first PTC multiplexing module according to the invention;
fig. 7 is a working state diagram of the first PTC multiplexing module when the first switching tube Q1 is turned on;
fig. 8 is a diagram showing an operating state when the second switching tube Q2 of the first PTC multiplexing module is turned on;
fig. 9 is a simulation diagram of a first PTC multiplexing module;
fig. 10 is a waveform diagram of a driving timing and output of the first PTC multiplexing module;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing the comparison of the output current of the switching tube and the stress waveform of the switching tube of the first PTC multiplexing module;
fig. 12 is a circuit diagram of a first PTC multiplexing module modification;
fig. 13 is a circuit diagram of a second PTC multiplexing module according to the invention;
fig. 14 is a simplified diagram of a state when the second PTC multiplexing module DCDC is not operating;
fig. 15 is a simplified state diagram of the second PTC multiplexing module DCDC in operation and PTC in not operation;
fig. 16 is a simulation diagram of a second PTC multiplexing module;
fig. 17 is a waveform diagram of the driving timing and output of the second PTC multiplexing module.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention discloses an electric automobile power conversion system with PTC multiplexing as DCDC, referring to FIG. 5, which comprises an OBC module, a direct current bus, a high-voltage battery pack and a controller which are sequentially connected, wherein the direct current bus is connected with a low-voltage storage battery through the DCDC module, and the direct current bus is connected with the PTC multiplexing module; the PTC multiplexing module receives electric energy on the direct current bus and is used for heating the high-voltage battery pack; and when the DCDC module fails, the PTC multiplexing module constructs an electric energy transmission channel of the direct current bus and the low-voltage storage battery.
Referring to fig. 5, the obc module is connected to an ac power grid on the left side and outputs dc power to a dc bus on the right side. When the DCDC module fails, the controller controls the PTC multiplexing module to replace the DCDC module to work, and electric energy on the direct current bus can be transmitted to the low-voltage storage battery.
Referring to the circuit diagram of the first PTC multiplexing module shown in fig. 6, the PTC multiplexing module comprises a first relay S1, a second relay S2, and a transformer T comprising a primary first winding L1 and a primary second winding L2 connected end to end; one contact of the first relay S1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus, the other contact of the first relay S1 is connected with one contact of the second relay S2, the first heating plate R1 and one end of the second heating plate R2, the other end of the first heating plate R1 is connected with one end of the first switching tube Q1 and the same-name end of the primary side first winding L1, the other end of the second heating plate R2 is connected with one end of the second switching tube Q2 and the different-name end of the primary side second winding L2, the other ends of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus, and the other contact of the second relay S2 is connected with the different-name end of the primary side first winding L1 and the same-name end of the second winding L2; the first relay S1, the second relay S2, the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are controlled by a controller to be switched on and off; the secondary winding of the transformer T is connected with a rectifying and filtering module, and the rectifying and filtering module is connected with the low-voltage storage battery.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, the secondary winding of the transformer T includes a secondary first winding L3 and a secondary second winding L4 connected end to end, and the rectifying and filtering module includes a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a freewheeling diode D3, a filtering inductor L0, and a filtering capacitor C1; the same-name end of the secondary side first winding L3 is connected with the anode of a first diode D1, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with one end of a filter inductor L0, the cathodes of a follow current diode D3 and a second diode D2, one end of the filter inductor L0 is connected with one end of a filter capacitor C1 and the anode of a low-voltage storage battery, the different-name end of the secondary side second winding L4 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2, and the different-name end of the secondary side first winding L3 and the same-name end of the secondary side second winding L4 are connected with the anode of the follow current diode D3, the other end of the filter capacitor C1 and the cathode of the low-voltage storage battery.
The first PTC multiplexing module is not added with a switching tube, and the implementation of DCDC is completed by using a push-pull topology. The transformer with a center tap is connected in series at the connection point of the two paths of switching tubes and the heating plate, the center tap of the transformer is connected to the positive end (the positive electrode of the direct current bus) of the high-voltage battery, and the secondary side is rectified by a half bridge to finish power conversion. When the PTC function is performed alone, S1, Q1 and Q2 are turned on, S2 is turned off, and the PTC function is performed while the DCDC spare part function is not performed. When DCDC spare parts are needed to work, S2 is closed. That is, this solution has the disadvantage that the PTC also starts to heat up when the DCDC spare part function is started, but the heating power is not very high due to the duty cycle and push-pull circuit. Another feature is that the voltage stress of the switching transistors Q1 and Q2 is relatively high, but the stress is smaller than that of the conventional push-pull circuit due to the divided voltage of the heating plate.
The working logic of the circuit is that when Q1 and Q2 are conducted and differ by 180 degrees, and when Q1 is conducted, current flows through a heating plate R1, and the circuit is in a heating mode, and the input current flows through R1 and a transformer to flow through A point when the duty ratio of Q1 is D (D < 50%), and flows to a battery pack through Q1, a secondary rectifying diode D1 is turned off, D2 is conducted, and energy is transferred to a load end according to turn ratio conversion voltage; after Q1 is turned off, R1 stops heating, Q2 is turned on after waiting (0.5-D) for a period, heating plate R2 starts heating, current flows through R2 and the transformer to B, and then flows through Q2 to the battery pack, secondary rectifying diode D1 is turned on, and D2 is turned off. Fig. 7 shows a state diagram of the first PTC multiplexing module when the first switching tube Q1 is turned on, and fig. 8 shows a state diagram of the first PTC multiplexing module when the second switching tube Q2 is turned on.
According to the design thought, the design is simulated, a 400V battery pack is assumed to be provided with a PTC module with full power of 6400W, two switching tubes are respectively connected with 50 ohm heating plates in parallel, when the switching tubes are at a 100% duty ratio, the heating power is P=4002/25=6400W, the design is improved on the basis of the original PTC, a transformer with a center tap is connected with a turn ratio of 20:20:1:1, the secondary side is rectified by a half bridge, a load is a resistor with 0.1 ohm, and the output voltage of the DCDC spare part is 14.2V and 2Kw. The simulation diagram is shown in fig. 9.
Fig. 10 is a waveform diagram of a driving timing sequence and an output of the first PTC multiplexing module, in which Vg1 and Vg2 are driving waveforms of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2, respectively, vout is an output voltage of the PTC multiplexing module, and a stress of the switching tube in this method is less than twice an input voltage because the input voltage applied to the push-pull circuit is divided by the heating resistor. The lower graph is the stress waveform of the switch in this state. The voltage stress at this time does not exceed 600V.
FIG. 11 is a graph of switching tube output current versus switching tube stress waveforms, with switching tube stress being less than twice the input voltage, which is one of the advantages of the present invention.
Fig. 12 shows a modification of the first PTC multiplexing module, wherein the other end of the first heating sheet R1 is connected in series with the third relay S3 and then connected to one end of the first switching tube Q1 and the same-name end of the primary side first winding L1, and the other end of the second heating sheet R2 is connected in series with the fourth relay S4 and then connected to one end of the second switching tube Q2 and the different-name end of the primary side second winding L2; the third relay S3 and the fourth relay S4 are controlled by a controller to be switched on and switched off. The problem that PTC heating function also can open when the DCDC spare part is opened can be solved to this scheme, and when being used for the PTC function, third relay S3 and fourth relay S4 keep switching on, and when using the DCDC spare part function, third relay S3 and fourth relay S4 keep cutting off. In the preferred embodiment, the second relay S2, the third relay S3 and the fourth relay S4 adopt contacts on the same relay, the second relay S2 uses normally open contacts, and the third relay S3 and the fourth relay S4 use normally closed contacts.
Fig. 13 shows a circuit diagram of a second PTC multiplexing module according to the present invention, where the PTC multiplexing module includes a first relay S1, a second relay S2, and a transformer T, where one contact of the first relay S1 is connected to the positive electrode of the dc bus, the other contact of the first relay S1 is connected to one end of a first heating plate R1 and a third switching tube Q3, the other end of the first heating plate R1 is connected to one end of the first switching tube Q1, the other end of the third switching tube Q3 is connected to one end of the second heating plate R2 and one contact of the second relay S2, the other end of the second heating plate R2 and the other contact of the second relay S2 are connected to one end of the second switching tube Q2 and one end of a resonant inductor Lr, the other ends of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are connected to the negative electrode of the dc bus, the other end of the resonant inductor Lr is connected to one end of a primary winding Lm of the transformer T, and the other end of the primary winding Lm is connected to the negative electrode of the dc bus; the first relay S1, the second relay S2, the first switching tube Q1, the second switching tube Q2 and the third switching tube Q3 are controlled by a controller to be switched on and switched off; the secondary winding of the transformer T is connected with a rectifying and filtering module, and the rectifying and filtering module is connected with the low-voltage storage battery.
The secondary winding of the transformer T comprises a secondary first winding L3 and a secondary second winding L4 which are connected end to end, and the rectifying and filtering module comprises a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a filtering capacitor C1; the same-name end of the first winding L3 of the secondary side is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2, one end of the filter capacitor C1 and the cathode of the low-voltage storage battery, the different-name end of the second winding L4 is connected with the cathode of the second diode D2, and the different-name end of the first winding L3 of the secondary side and the same-name end of the second winding L4 of the secondary side are connected with the other end of the filter capacitor C1 and the anode of the low-voltage storage battery.
In this embodiment, an LLC topology is adopted, and then a resonant inductor and a resonant capacitor are connected in series to form a half-bridge resonant circuit. Under this solution, when PTC heating is achieved, relay S1 is closed, S2 is opened, Q2 remains normally on, point B at this time corresponds to ground, DCDC converter does not work, and there is no fear of output. When the DCDC spare part is required to work, S1 is closed, S2 is closed, the short-circuit heating plates R2 and Q1 are always in an off state, so that the two heating plates do not work, and at the moment, the two switching tubes Q2 and Q3 are alternately conducted, and Lr, cr and Lm form a resonant circuit. The secondary side is half-bridge rectified by a diode. In operation Q2 and Q3 are alternately turned on at a 50% duty cycle, and the resonant frequency is controlled by controlling the switching frequency to control the output. This solution is to add a driving loop for the switching transistors Q3 and Q3. The solution using a resonant converter reduces switching losses and the stress of the switching tube is also lower.
Fig. 14 is a simplified diagram of a state when the second PTC multiplexing module DCDC is not operating; fig. 15 is a simplified state diagram when the second PTC multiplexing module DCDC is operated and the PTC is not operated. According to the input of the previous 400V battery, the DCDC of 14.2V 2000W is added on the basis of PTC of two heating plates of two switching tubes, a simulation model is built according to saber, and the resonant frequency is 68KHz in the working state.
In the second PTC multiplexing module DCDC driving control diagram shown in fig. 17, in this operating state, the switching tube Q1 is in an off state, that is, there is no phenomenon that the heating function is also turned on when DCDC is turned on, Q2 and Q3 are complementarily turned on at a duty ratio of 50%, and Lr, cr, lm form a resonant network. At this time, the heater chip R2 is short-circuited by the relay S2 and is not being heated, and DCDC conversion is realized by the half bridge LLC.
In fig. 17, vg1, vg2, vg3 in the drawing are driving waveforms of the first switching tube Q1, the second switching tube Q2, and the third switching tube Q3, respectively, and Vout is the PTC multiplexing module output voltage. When PTC heats, S2 is disconnected, Q2 is constantly opened, the point B of the resonant cavity is short-circuited to the ground, LLC does not input and does not work, and Q3 and Q1 freely emit duty ratio to control heating power according to the heating power requirement. The switching tube is added, and the corresponding control loop is added, so that the soft switch is realized, the loss of the switching tube is low, and larger power can be output; the utilization rate of the transformer is not higher than that of the push-pull circuit; the voltage stress of the switching tube is lower, and the scene of high input voltage can be realized at lower cost.
The above examples are illustrative only and are not intended to be limiting. Any equivalent modifications or variations to the present application without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application are intended to be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile power conversion system that PTC multiplexing was DCDC which characterized in that: the system comprises an OBC module, a direct current bus, a high-voltage battery pack and a controller which are sequentially connected, wherein the direct current bus is connected with a low-voltage storage battery through a DCDC module, and the direct current bus is connected with a PTC multiplexing module; the PTC multiplexing module receives electric energy on the direct current bus and is used for heating the high-voltage battery pack; when the DCDC module fails, the PTC multiplexing module constructs an electric energy transmission channel of the direct current bus and the low-voltage storage battery;
the PTC multiplexing module comprises a first relay S1, a second relay S2 and a transformer T, wherein the transformer T comprises a primary side first winding L1 and a primary side second winding L2 which are connected end to end; one contact of the first relay S1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus, the other contact of the first relay S1 is connected with one contact of the second relay S2, the first heating plate R1 and one end of the second heating plate R2, the other end of the first heating plate R1 is connected with one end of the first switching tube Q1 and the same-name end of the primary side first winding L1, the other end of the second heating plate R2 is connected with one end of the second switching tube Q2 and the different-name end of the primary side second winding L2, the other ends of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus, and the other contact of the second relay S2 is connected with the different-name end of the primary side first winding L1 and the same-name end of the second winding L2; the first relay S1, the second relay S2, the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are controlled by a controller to be switched on and off; the secondary winding of the transformer T is connected with a rectifying and filtering module, and the rectifying and filtering module is connected with the low-voltage storage battery.
2. The electric vehicle power conversion system of PTC multiplexing to DCDC according to claim 1, wherein: the secondary winding of the transformer T comprises a secondary first winding L3 and a secondary second winding L4 which are connected end to end, and the rectifying and filtering module comprises a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a freewheeling diode D3, a filtering inductor L0 and a filtering capacitor C1; the same-name end of the secondary side first winding L3 is connected with the anode of a first diode D1, the cathode of the first diode D1 is connected with one end of a filter inductor L0, the cathodes of a follow current diode D3 and a second diode D2, one end of the filter inductor L0 is connected with one end of a filter capacitor C1 and the anode of a low-voltage storage battery, the different-name end of the secondary side second winding L4 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2, and the different-name end of the secondary side first winding L3 and the same-name end of the secondary side second winding L4 are connected with the anode of the follow current diode D3, the other end of the filter capacitor C1 and the cathode of the low-voltage storage battery.
3. The electric vehicle power conversion system of PTC multiplexing to DCDC according to claim 1, wherein: the other end of the first heating plate R1 is connected with a third relay S3 in series and then is connected with one end of a first switching tube Q1 and the same-name end of a primary side first winding L1, and the other end of the second heating plate R2 is connected with a fourth relay S4 in series and then is connected with one end of a second switching tube Q2 and the different-name end of the primary side second winding L2; the third relay S3 and the fourth relay S4 are controlled by a controller to be switched on and switched off.
4. A PTC multiplexed DCDC electric vehicle power conversion system according to claim 3, wherein: the second relay S2, the third relay S3 and the fourth relay S4 adopt contacts on the same relay, the second relay S2 is provided with normally open contacts, and the third relay S3 and the fourth relay S4 are provided with normally closed contacts.
5. The electric vehicle power conversion system of PTC multiplexing to DCDC according to claim 1, wherein: the PTC multiplexing module comprises a first relay S1, a second relay S2 and a transformer T, wherein one contact of the first relay S1 is connected with the positive electrode of the direct current bus, the other contact of the first relay S1 is connected with one end of a first heating plate R1 and one end of a third switching tube Q3, the other end of the first heating plate R1 is connected with one end of the first switching tube Q1, the other end of the third switching tube Q3 is connected with one end of a second heating plate R2 and one contact of the second relay S2, the other end of the second heating plate R2 and the other contact of the second relay S2 are connected with one end of a second switching tube Q2 and one end of a resonant inductor Lr, the other ends of the first switching tube Q1 and the second switching tube Q2 are connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus, the other end of the resonant inductor Lr is connected with one end of a resonant capacitor Cr, the other end of the resonant capacitor Cr is connected with one end of a primary winding Lm of the transformer T, and the other end of the primary winding Lm is connected with the negative electrode of the direct current bus; the first relay S1, the second relay S2, the first switching tube Q1, the second switching tube Q2 and the third switching tube Q3 are controlled by a controller to be switched on and switched off; the secondary winding of the transformer T is connected with a rectifying and filtering module, and the rectifying and filtering module is connected with the low-voltage storage battery.
6. The electric vehicle power conversion system of PTC multiplexing to DCDC according to claim 5, wherein: the secondary winding of the transformer T comprises a secondary first winding L3 and a secondary second winding L4 which are connected end to end, and the rectifying and filtering module comprises a first diode D1, a second diode D2 and a filtering capacitor C1; the same-name end of the first winding L3 of the secondary side is connected with the cathode of the first diode D1, the anode of the first diode D1 is connected with the anode of the second diode D2, one end of the filter capacitor C1 and the cathode of the low-voltage storage battery, the different-name end of the second winding L4 is connected with the cathode of the second diode D2, and the different-name end of the first winding L3 of the secondary side and the same-name end of the second winding L4 of the secondary side are connected with the other end of the filter capacitor C1 and the anode of the low-voltage storage battery.
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