CN115001121B - Current limiting circuit, control method and system for efficient energy storage system - Google Patents

Current limiting circuit, control method and system for efficient energy storage system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN115001121B
CN115001121B CN202210927474.5A CN202210927474A CN115001121B CN 115001121 B CN115001121 B CN 115001121B CN 202210927474 A CN202210927474 A CN 202210927474A CN 115001121 B CN115001121 B CN 115001121B
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control circuit
direction control
battery pack
circuit
diode
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CN115001121A (en
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王绪伟
李大龙
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Hefei Huasi System Co ltd
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Hefei Huasi System Co ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a current limiting circuit, a control method and a system for a high-efficiency energy storage system, wherein the circuit comprises: the device comprises a first battery pack, a second battery pack, a current limiting circuit, a freewheeling circuit, a first current detection circuit, a second current detection circuit, a control circuit, a first direction control circuit and a second direction control circuit; the positive electrode of the first battery pack is connected with the input end of the first direction control circuit, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected with the input end of the second direction control circuit; the discharging end and the charging end of the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit are respectively connected with the current limiting circuit; the current limiting circuit is connected with the freewheeling circuit. The current limiting circuit provided by the invention has a simple and reliable structure, effectively realizes energy conversion and voltage conversion of mismatched batteries, and reduces the energy loss of an energy storage system.

Description

Current limiting circuit, control method and system for efficient energy storage system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of energy storage systems, in particular to a current limiting circuit, a control method and a system for an efficient energy storage system.
Background
In an energy storage system, a traditional current limiting mode is formed by connecting a main relay or a distribution switch in parallel with a relay and a current limiting resistor, and the traditional mode has larger loss and larger energy loss in a large parallel and large series process of the energy storage system. To solve the above problems, many manufacturers consider using a new form of current limiting circuit.
Chinese patent CN216146125U discloses a bidirectional current-limiting voltage-converting circuit, which comprises two power supplies, wherein one end of the positive pole of a first power supply is connected with the collector of a first insulated gate bipolar transistor, and one end of the negative pole of the first power supply is connected with the anode of a first diode; the emitter of the first insulated gate bipolar transistor is connected with the primary side end of the choke inductor and the cathode of the first diode; and one end of the anode of the second power supply is connected with a collector of a second insulated gate bipolar transistor, and one end of the cathode of the second power supply is connected with the anode of a second diode. The bidirectional current-limiting voltage conversion circuit can charge the battery side when the voltage of the bus side is higher through the intensity difference of the voltages of the two sides, and discharge the bus side when the voltage of the battery side is higher, so that the charging and discharging of the battery side and the bus side are automatically controlled.
Chinese patent CN103337841A discloses a bidirectional current limiter based on a bidirectional BUCK converter, which comprises a bidirectional BUCK converter, a current detection circuit and a control circuit; the bidirectional BUCK converter comprises a positive direction BUCK converter and a negative direction BUCK converter; the positive direction BUCK converter and the negative direction BUCK converter are connected in series in an opposite direction; the positive direction BUCK converter and the negative direction BUCK converter share the same inductor L; the input end of the current detection circuit is connected with the current input end of the bidirectional BUCK converter, and the output end of the current detection circuit is connected with the input end of the control circuit; and a control output port of the control circuit is connected with the bidirectional BUCK converter.
In the prior art, in order to solve the problems of secondary protection and anti-reverse parallel connection equalization in the process of large parallel connection and large serial connection in the energy storage system, two-way power distribution is realized through two BUCK circuits, so that the voltage limiting circuit automatically controls discharging and charging according to the voltage difference. However, in the above two technologies, two high-frequency PWM switching tubes are used, two driving circuits and two driving power supplies are required, the control is complicated, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a current limiting circuit, a control method and a system for an efficient energy storage system.
The invention provides a current limiting circuit for an efficient energy storage system, which comprises: the device comprises a first battery pack, a second battery pack, a current limiting circuit, a freewheeling circuit, a first current detection circuit, a second current detection circuit, a control circuit, a first direction control circuit and a second direction control circuit;
the positive electrode of the first battery pack is connected with the input end of the first direction control circuit, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected with the input end of the second direction control circuit; the discharging end and the charging end of the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit are respectively connected with the current limiting circuit; the current limiting circuit is connected with the follow current circuit; the negative electrode of the first battery pack and the negative electrode of the second battery pack are respectively connected with the follow current circuit; the input of the first current detection circuit detects the current magnitude of the input end of the first direction control circuit, and the output end of the first current detection circuit is connected with the input end of the control circuit; the input end of the second current detection circuit detects the current magnitude of the input end of the second direction control circuit, and the output end of the second current detection circuit is connected with the input end of the control circuit; and the control end of the control circuit is connected with the current limiting circuit.
Preferably, the current limiting circuit includes: the current limiting circuit includes: a switching tube and a current-limiting inductor; the collector of the switching tube is respectively connected with the discharge end of the first direction control circuit and the discharge end of the second direction control circuit, the emitter of the switching tube is respectively connected with the freewheeling circuit and one end of the current-limiting inductor, and the grid of the switching tube is connected with the control end of the control circuit; and the other end of the current-limiting inductor is respectively connected with the charging end of the first direction control circuit and the charging end of the second direction control circuit.
Preferably, the freewheeling circuit comprises a freewheeling diode, the cathode of the freewheeling diode is connected with the emitter of the switching tube, and the anode of the freewheeling diode is connected with the cathode of the first battery pack and the cathode of the second battery pack respectively; or the follow current circuit comprises a follow current switching tube, a collector of the follow current switching tube is connected with an emitter of the current limiting circuit switching tube, and the emitter of the follow current switching tube is respectively connected with the cathode of the first battery pack and the cathode of the second battery pack.
Preferably, the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit respectively comprise a first diode, a second diode and a controllable switch connected with the first diode in parallel;
the anode of a first diode of the first direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, the cathode of the first diode is the discharge end of the first direction control circuit, the cathode of a second diode is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charge end of the first direction control circuit;
the anode of the first diode of the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the cathode of the first diode is the discharge end of the second direction control circuit; the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charging end of the second direction control circuit.
Preferably, the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit respectively comprise a first switch tube and a second diode;
an emitter of a first switching tube in the first direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and a collector of the first switching tube is a discharge end of the first direction control circuit; the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is a charging end of the first direction control circuit;
an emitter of a first switching tube in the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and a collector of the first switching tube is a discharge end of the second direction control circuit; the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charging end of the second direction control circuit.
Preferably, the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit respectively comprise a first switch tube and a second switch tube;
an emitter of a first switch tube of the first direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and a collector of the first switch tube is a discharge end of the first direction control circuit; the collector of the second switch tube is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the emitter of the second switch tube is the charging end of the first direction control circuit;
the emitter of a first switching tube of the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the collector of the second direction control circuit is the discharge end of the second direction control circuit; and the collector of the second switching tube is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the emitter of the second switching tube is a charging end of the second direction control circuit.
Preferably, a controllable switch is also included; one end of the controllable switch is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the other end of the controllable switch is connected with the anode of the second battery pack; the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit respectively comprise a first diode and a second diode;
the anode of a first diode of the first direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, the cathode of the first diode is a discharging end of the first direction control circuit, the cathode of a second diode is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is a charging end of the first direction control circuit;
and the anode of a first diode of the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, the cathode of the first diode is the discharge end of the second direction control circuit, the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charge end of the second direction control circuit.
The invention also provides a control method of the current limiting circuit for the high-efficiency energy storage system, which comprises the following steps:
detecting a first voltage value of a first battery pack and a second voltage value of a second battery pack;
in response to the fact that the voltage difference value between the first voltage value and the second voltage value is larger than a first preset threshold value, PWM controls a switch tube in the current limiting circuit to be in a state of carrying out periodic switching between an on state and an off state;
and controlling a switch tube in the current limiting circuit to keep an off state in response to the fact that the voltage difference value between the first voltage value and the second voltage value is smaller than a first preset threshold value.
Preferably, the PWM controls a switching tube in the current limiting circuit to be in a state of periodically switching between an on state and an off state, specifically including:
if the first voltage value is larger than the second voltage value, when the switching tube is switched to the on state, the output current of the positive electrode of the first battery pack sequentially passes through the input end and the discharge end of the first direction control circuit, the switching tube and the current-limiting inductor of the current-limiting circuit, and the charging end and the input end of the second battery pack direction control circuit flow to the positive electrode of the second battery pack.
Preferably, the PWM controlling the switching tube in the current limiting circuit to be in the state of periodically switching between the on state and the off state further includes:
when the switching tube is switched to an off state, the current flows to the anode of the second battery pack sequentially through a freewheeling diode, a current-limiting inductor and a charging end and an input end in the second battery pack direction control circuit in the current-limiting circuit.
The invention also proposes a control system for a current limiting circuit of an efficient energy storage system, comprising a memory for storing information comprising program instructions and a processor for controlling the execution of the program instructions, which are loaded and executed by the processor to implement the above-mentioned method.
The present invention also proposes a computer storage medium including a stored program, wherein a processor executes the program to implement the above-mentioned method.
The current limiting circuit provided by the invention has a simple and reliable structure, effectively realizes energy conversion and voltage conversion of mismatched batteries, and further reduces energy loss in the parallel connection process of the battery packs of the energy storage system; compared with the prior art, the circuit structure is simpler, the implementation cost is lower, and the control method is more efficient.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a current limiting circuit for an efficient energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a circuit diagram of a circuit proposed in the first embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a circuit diagram of a circuit according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a circuit diagram of a circuit proposed in a third embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a circuit diagram of a circuit proposed in a fourth embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating the flow of current during the control process according to the first embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic diagram illustrating the flow of current during the control process according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown. This invention may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the invention to those skilled in the art.
As shown in fig. 1, fig. 1 is a current limiting circuit and system for an energy storage system according to a first embodiment of the present invention;
referring to fig. 1, a current limiting circuit and system for an efficient energy storage system, comprising: the battery pack comprises a first battery pack BAT1, a second battery pack BAT2, a current limiting circuit, a freewheeling circuit, a first current detection circuit, a second current detection circuit, a control circuit, a first direction control circuit B1 and a second direction control circuit B2;
the positive electrode of the first battery pack BAT1 is connected with the input end of the first direction control circuit, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack BAT2 is connected with the input end of the second direction control circuit; the discharging end and the charging end of the first direction control circuit B1 and the second direction control circuit B2 are respectively connected with the current limiting circuit; the current limiting circuit is connected with the follow current circuit; the negative electrode of the first battery pack BAT1 and the negative electrode of the second battery pack BAT2 are respectively connected with the freewheeling circuit; the input of the first current detection circuit detects the current magnitude of the input end of the first direction control circuit B1, and the output end of the first current detection circuit is connected with the input end of the control circuit; the input end of the second current detection circuit detects the current of the input end of the second direction control circuit B2, and the output end of the second current detection circuit is connected with the input end of the control circuit; and the control end of the control circuit is connected with the current limiting circuit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the current limiting circuit includes: a switching tube Q1 and a current-limiting inductor L; a collector of the switching tube Q1 is respectively connected with a discharge end of the first direction control circuit B1 and a discharge end of the second direction control circuit B2, an emitter of the switching tube Q1 is respectively connected with a freewheeling circuit and one end of a current-limiting inductor L, and a grid of the switching tube Q1 is connected with a control end of the control circuit; the other end of the current-limiting inductor L is connected with the charging end of the first direction control circuit B1 and the charging end of the second direction control circuit B2 respectively.
In this embodiment, the first current detection circuit and the second current detection circuit respectively detect currents of the first battery pack BAT1 and the second battery pack BAT2, and then supply the currents to the control circuit, and the control circuit outputs a PWM signal according to the magnitude of the current to control the switching tube Q1 of the current limiting circuit.
In this embodiment, the switching tube Q1 is a high-frequency switching tube, which may be a MOS tube, an IGBT, or other similar high-frequency tubes.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, the freewheel circuit includes a freewheel diode D5, a cathode of the freewheel diode D5 is connected to an emitter of the switching tube Q1, and an anode of the freewheel diode D5 is connected to a cathode of the first battery pack BAT1 and a cathode of the second battery pack BAT2, respectively;
it should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the freewheeling diode may be replaced by a switching tube; the follow current circuit comprises a follow current switch tube, a collector of the follow current switch tube is connected with an emitter of the switch tube, and the emitter of the follow current switch tube is respectively connected with the negative electrode of the first battery pack BAT1 and the negative electrode of the second battery pack BAT 2.
As shown in fig. 2, in the first embodiment of the present invention, a controllable switch K1 is further included; one end of the controllable switch K1 is connected with the anode of the first battery pack BAT1, and the other end of the controllable switch K1 is connected with the anode of the second battery pack BAT 2;
the first direction control circuit B1 and the second direction control circuit B2 respectively comprise a first diode and a second diode;
the anode of a first diode of the first direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, the cathode of the first diode is a discharging end of the first direction control circuit, the cathode of a second diode is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is a charging end of the first direction control circuit;
and the anode of a first diode of the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, the cathode of the first diode is the discharge end of the second direction control circuit, the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charge end of the second direction control circuit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the first direction control circuit B1 includes a diode D1 and a diode D2, an anode of the diode D1 is connected to an anode of the first battery pack BAT1, a cathode of the diode D1 is a discharging terminal, a cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the anode of the first battery pack BAT1, and an anode of the diode D2 is a charging terminal; the second direction control circuit B2 includes a diode D3 and a diode D4, an anode of the diode D3 is connected to an anode of the second battery pack BAT2, a cathode thereof is a discharging terminal, a cathode of the diode D4 is connected to an anode of the second battery pack BAT2, and an anode thereof is a charging terminal.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, when the voltage difference between the two paths of batteries is smaller than the second preset threshold, after the voltages are substantially balanced, the voltage K1 is pulled in, so that the impact current of the pull-in of the voltage K1 is greatly reduced, and the service life of the voltage K1 is prolonged.
It should be noted that, in other embodiments of the present invention, the direction control circuit and the controllable switch may adjust their components or connection modes according to actual use situations.
As shown in fig. 3, in the second embodiment of the present invention, the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit respectively include a first diode, a second diode, and a controllable switch connected in parallel with the first diode;
the anode of a first diode of the first direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, the cathode of the first diode is the discharge end of the first direction control circuit, the cathode of a second diode is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charge end of the first direction control circuit;
the anode of the first diode of the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the cathode of the first diode is the discharge end of the second direction control circuit; the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charging end of the second direction control circuit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 3, the first direction control circuit B1 includes a diode D1, a diode D2, and a controllable switch K1, where the controllable switch K1 is connected in parallel with the diode D1, an anode of the diode D1 is connected to an anode of the first battery pack BAT1, a cathode of the diode D1 is a discharging terminal, a cathode of the diode D2 is connected to an anode of the first battery pack BAT1, and an anode of the diode D2 is a charging terminal;
the second direction control circuit B2 comprises a diode D3, a diode D4 and a controllable switch K2, the controllable switch K2 is connected with the diode D3 in parallel, the anode of the diode D3 is connected with the anode of the second battery pack BAT2, the cathode of the diode D3 is a discharging end, the cathode of the diode D4 is connected with the anode of the second battery pack BAT2, and the anode of the diode D4 is a charging end.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, controllable switches are provided in both the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit, and during the operation of the current limiting circuit, one controllable switch is closed to bypass the parallel diode, so that the efficiency is further improved.
As shown in fig. 4, in a third embodiment of the present invention, the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit respectively include a first switch tube and a second diode; an emitter of a first switching tube in the first direction control circuit is connected with the positive electrode of the first battery pack, and a collector of the first switching tube is a discharge end of the first direction control circuit; the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is a charging end of the first direction control circuit;
an emitter of a first switching tube in the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and a collector of the first switching tube is a discharge end of the second direction control circuit; the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charging end of the second direction control circuit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 4, the first direction control circuit B1 includes a switching tube Q2 and a diode D1, an emitter of the switching tube Q2 is connected to an anode of the first battery pack BAT1, a collector thereof is a discharging end, a cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the anode of the first battery pack BAT1, and an anode thereof is a charging end;
the second direction control circuit B2 comprises a switching tube Q3 and a diode D2; the emitter of the switching tube Q3 is connected to the anode of the second battery pack BAT2, the collector thereof is a discharging terminal, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the anode of the second battery pack BAT2, and the anode thereof is a charging terminal.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, a controllable switch is omitted, the size of the circuit is further reduced, and meanwhile, the efficiency of the current limiting circuit during operation is further improved by controlling the switching tubes Q2 and Q3 and bypassing the body diode.
As shown in fig. 5, in a fourth embodiment of the present invention, the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit respectively include a first switch tube and a second switch tube; an emitter of a first switch tube of the first direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and a collector of the first switch tube is a discharge end of the first direction control circuit; the collector of the second switch tube is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the emitter of the second switch tube is the charging end of the first direction control circuit;
the emitter of a first switching tube of the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the collector of the second direction control circuit is the discharge end of the second direction control circuit; and the collector of the second switching tube is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the emitter of the second switching tube is a charging end of the second direction control circuit.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, the first direction control circuit B1 includes a switch tube Q2 and a switch tube Q4; an emitting electrode of the switching tube Q2 is connected with the positive electrode of the first battery pack BAT1, a collector electrode of the switching tube Q2 is a discharging end, a collector electrode of the switching tube Q4 is connected with the positive electrode of the first battery pack BAT1, and an emitting electrode of the switching tube Q4 is a charging end;
the second direction control circuit B2 comprises a switching tube Q3 and a switching tube Q5; the emitter of the switching tube Q3 is connected to the positive electrode of the second battery pack BAT2, the collector thereof is a discharging end, the collector of the switching tube Q4 is connected to the positive electrode of the second battery pack BAT2, and the emitter thereof is a charging end.
It should be noted that, in this embodiment, four switching tubes are provided, so that the circuit is suitable for a higher power situation, and after the battery packs are connected in parallel, all the switching tubes of the final direction control circuit are turned on, thereby further reducing the system loss.
A fifth embodiment of the present invention provides a method for controlling a current limiting circuit for an efficient energy storage system, where the bidirectional current limiting circuit is applied, and the method includes:
step S1: detecting a first voltage value of a first battery pack and a second voltage value of a second battery pack;
step S2: in response to the fact that the voltage difference value between the first voltage value and the second voltage value is larger than a first preset threshold value, PWM controls a switch tube in the current limiting circuit to be in a state of carrying out periodic switching between an on state and an off state;
in this embodiment, when the switching tube is in the PWM control state, the switching tube is switched between on and off at a high frequency, and the period is short.
Specifically, in this embodiment, if the first voltage value and the second voltage value are greater than each other, when the switching tube is switched to the on state, the output current of the positive electrode of the first battery pack sequentially passes through the input end and the discharge end of the first direction control circuit, the switching tube and the current-limiting inductor of the current-limiting circuit, and the charging end and the input end of the second battery pack direction control circuit to flow to the positive electrode of the second battery pack; when the switching tube is switched to the off state, because the inductive current cannot suddenly change, the current flows to the anode of the second battery pack through the freewheeling diode, the current-limiting inductor and the charging end and the input end in the second battery pack direction control circuit in the current-limiting circuit in sequence.
And step S3: and controlling a switch tube in the current limiting circuit to keep an off state in response to the fact that the voltage difference value between the first voltage value and the second voltage value is smaller than a first preset threshold value.
The following describes the control flow by taking the circuit of the first embodiment as an example:
it should be noted that the detection circuit determines the voltage difference value by detecting the current, the control circuit sends a control signal according to the voltage difference value, and the control signal sent by the control circuit is a PWM pulse signal.
When the voltage of BAT1 is greater than the voltage of BAT2, D1 and D4 are switched on, D2 and D3 are reversely cut off, and PWM controls a switch tube Q1 in the closed current limiting circuit to carry out high-frequency switching between a switch-on state and a switch-off state;
as shown in fig. 6, when the switching tube Q1 is switched to the on state, the positive output current of the first battery pack BAT1 sequentially passes through the input end and the discharge end of the first direction control circuit, and during the period, passes through the diode D1, the switching tube Q1 and the current-limiting inductor L of the current-limiting circuit, and the charge end of the second direction control circuit, and during the period, passes through the diode D4, and finally flows to the positive electrode of the second battery pack BAT 2;
as shown in fig. 7, when the switching tube Q1 is switched to the off state, since the inductor current cannot change suddenly, the freewheeling diode D5 is turned on, and the current passes through the freewheeling diode D5, the current-limiting inductor L, and the charging terminal and the input terminal in the second direction control circuit in sequence, and during the period, the current passes through the diode D4, and finally flows to the anode of the second battery pack.
It should be noted that when the voltage of BAT1 is less than the voltage of BAT2, D1 and D4 are turned off in opposite directions, and D2 and D3 are turned on.
A sixth embodiment of the present invention is directed to a control system for a current limiting circuit of an efficient energy storage system, comprising a memory for storing information including program instructions and a processor for controlling execution of the program instructions, which are loaded and executed by the processor to implement the method described above.
A seventh embodiment of the present invention proposes a computer storage medium including a stored program, wherein a processor executes the program to implement the above-mentioned method.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (11)

1. A current limiting circuit for a high efficiency energy storage system, comprising: the device comprises a first battery pack, a second battery pack, a current limiting circuit, a freewheeling circuit, a first current detection circuit, a second current detection circuit, a control circuit, a first direction control circuit and a second direction control circuit;
the positive electrode of the first battery pack is connected with the input end of the first direction control circuit, and the positive electrode of the second battery pack is connected with the input end of the second direction control circuit; the discharging end and the charging end of the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit are respectively connected with the current limiting circuit; the current limiting circuit is connected with the follow current circuit; the negative electrode of the first battery pack and the negative electrode of the second battery pack are respectively connected with the follow current circuit; the input of the first current detection circuit detects the current magnitude of the input end of the first direction control circuit, and the output end of the first current detection circuit is connected with the input end of the control circuit; the input end of the second current detection circuit detects the current magnitude of the input end of the second direction control circuit, and the output end of the second current detection circuit is connected with the input end of the control circuit; the control end of the control circuit is connected with the current limiting circuit;
the current limiting circuit comprises a switching tube and a current limiting inductor, and the follow current circuit comprises a follow current diode;
the collector of the switching tube is respectively connected with the discharge end of the first direction control circuit and the discharge end of the second direction control circuit, the emitter of the switching tube is respectively connected with the cathode of the freewheeling diode and the input end of the current-limiting inductor, and the grid of the switching tube is connected with the control end of the control circuit; the output end of the current-limiting inductor is respectively connected with the charging end of the first direction control circuit and the charging end of the second direction control circuit; and the anode of the freewheeling diode is respectively connected with the cathode of the first battery pack and the cathode of the second battery pack.
2. The current-limiting circuit for a high-efficiency energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the freewheeling circuit comprises a freewheeling switch transistor, a collector of the freewheeling switch transistor is connected to an emitter of a switch transistor in the current-limiting circuit, and an emitter of the freewheeling switch transistor is connected to the negative electrode of the first battery pack and the negative electrode of the second battery pack respectively.
3. The current limiting circuit for a high efficiency energy storage system of claim 1 wherein said first and second direction control circuits each comprise a first diode, a second diode, and a controllable switch in parallel with the first diode;
the anode of a first diode of the first direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, the cathode of the first diode is the discharging end of the first direction control circuit, the cathode of a second diode is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charging end of the first direction control circuit;
the anode of the first diode of the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the cathode of the first diode is the discharge end of the second direction control circuit; the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charging end of the second direction control circuit.
4. The current-limiting circuit for a high-efficiency energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit respectively comprise a first switch tube and a second diode;
an emitter of a first switching tube in the first direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and a collector of the first switching tube is a discharge end of the first direction control circuit; the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is a charging end of the first direction control circuit;
an emitter of a first switching tube in the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and a collector of the first switching tube is a discharge end of the second direction control circuit; the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charging end of the second direction control circuit.
5. The current-limiting circuit for a high-efficiency energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit respectively comprise a first switch tube and a second switch tube;
an emitter of a first switch tube of the first direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and a collector of the first switch tube is a discharge end of the first direction control circuit; the collector of the second switch tube is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the emitter of the second switch tube is the charging end of the first direction control circuit;
the emitter of a first switching tube of the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the collector of the second direction control circuit is the discharge end of the second direction control circuit; and the collector of the second switching tube is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the emitter of the second switching tube is a charging end of the second direction control circuit.
6. The current limiting circuit for a high efficiency energy storage system of claim 1 further comprising a controllable switch; one end of the controllable switch is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the other end of the controllable switch is connected with the anode of the battery pack; the first direction control circuit and the second direction control circuit respectively comprise a first diode and a second diode;
the anode of a first diode of the first direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, the cathode of the first diode is a discharging end of the first direction control circuit, the cathode of a second diode is connected with the anode of the first battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is a charging end of the first direction control circuit;
and the anode of a first diode of the second direction control circuit is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, the cathode of the first diode is the discharge end of the second direction control circuit, the cathode of the second diode is connected with the anode of the second battery pack, and the anode of the second diode is the charge end of the second direction control circuit.
7. A control method of a current limiting circuit for a high-efficiency energy storage system is applied to the current limiting circuit for the high-efficiency energy storage system of any one of claims 1 to 6, and comprises the following steps:
detecting a first voltage value of a first battery pack and a second voltage value of a second battery pack;
in response to the fact that the voltage difference value between the first voltage value and the second voltage value is larger than a first preset threshold value, PWM controls a switch tube in the current limiting circuit to be in a state of carrying out periodic switching between an on state and an off state;
and controlling a switching tube in the current limiting circuit to keep an off state in response to the fact that the voltage difference value between the first voltage value and the second voltage value is smaller than a first preset threshold value.
8. The method for controlling the current-limiting circuit for the high-efficiency energy storage system according to claim 7, wherein the PWM controls a switching tube in the current-limiting circuit to be in a state of periodically switching between an on state and an off state, and specifically comprises:
if the first voltage value is larger than the second voltage value, when the switching tube is switched to the on state, the output current of the positive electrode of the first battery pack sequentially passes through the input end and the discharge end of the first direction control circuit, the switching tube and the current-limiting inductor of the current-limiting circuit, and the charging end and the input end of the second battery pack direction control circuit flow to the positive electrode of the second battery pack.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the PWM controls a switching transistor of the current limiting circuit to periodically switch between an ON state and an OFF state, and further comprising:
when the switching tube is switched to an off state, the current flows to the anode of the second battery pack sequentially through a freewheeling diode, a current-limiting inductor and a charging end and an input end in the second battery pack direction control circuit in the current-limiting circuit.
10. A control system for a current limiting circuit of a high efficiency energy storage system, comprising a memory for storing information comprising program instructions and a processor for controlling the execution of the program instructions, wherein the program instructions when loaded and executed by the processor implement the method of any one of claims 7 to 9.
11. A computer storage medium comprising a stored program, wherein a processor executes the program to implement the method of any of claims 7 to 9.
CN202210927474.5A 2022-08-03 2022-08-03 Current limiting circuit, control method and system for efficient energy storage system Active CN115001121B (en)

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