CN112060912A - Multistage active discharge system and method for high-voltage bus capacitor of electric automobile - Google Patents
Multistage active discharge system and method for high-voltage bus capacitor of electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN112060912A CN112060912A CN202010947421.0A CN202010947421A CN112060912A CN 112060912 A CN112060912 A CN 112060912A CN 202010947421 A CN202010947421 A CN 202010947421A CN 112060912 A CN112060912 A CN 112060912A
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- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 94
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N (3R,4R)-3,4-dihydroxycyclohexa-1,5-diene-1-carboxylic acid Chemical compound O[C@@H]1C=CC(C(O)=O)=C[C@H]1O HEZMWWAKWCSUCB-PHDIDXHHSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007429 general method Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000004065 semiconductor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L3/00—Electric devices on electrically-propelled vehicles for safety purposes; Monitoring operating variables, e.g. speed, deceleration or energy consumption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60R—VEHICLES, VEHICLE FITTINGS, OR VEHICLE PARTS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60R16/00—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for
- B60R16/02—Electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for; Arrangement of elements of electric or fluid circuits specially adapted for vehicles and not otherwise provided for electric constitutive elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P27/00—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage
- H02P27/04—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage
- H02P27/06—Arrangements or methods for the control of AC motors characterised by the kind of supply voltage using variable-frequency supply voltage, e.g. inverter or converter supply voltage using dc to ac converters or inverters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M1/00—Details of apparatus for conversion
- H02M1/32—Means for protecting converters other than automatic disconnection
- H02M1/322—Means for rapidly discharging a capacitor of the converter for protecting electrical components or for preventing electrical shock
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/64—Electric machine technologies in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Inverter Devices (AREA)
- Electric Propulsion And Braking For Vehicles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a multistage active discharge system and a multistage active discharge method for a high-voltage bus capacitor of an electric vehicle, wherein the system comprises a general active discharge circuit, an emergency discharge circuit and a vehicle control unit, and the vehicle control unit controls the general active discharge circuit and the emergency discharge circuit to work after the vehicle is powered off so as to complete discharge control of the high-voltage bus capacitor. The hierarchical control is realized through the three-level active discharge loop, namely the DC/DC active discharge loop, the PTC controller active discharge loop and the inverter active discharge loop, and the inverter active discharge loop is immediately switched when the active discharge overtime faults of the DC/DC and the PTC controller occur, so that the active discharge failure caused by the failure of a single discharge loop is avoided, and the safety and the reliability of the active discharge are greatly improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric automobile safety, in particular to a multistage active discharge system and method for a high-voltage bus capacitor of an electric automobile.
Background
After the electric automobile stops running, the high-voltage power battery can be disconnected with the high-voltage direct-current bus, but because a large amount of electric energy is stored in a high-voltage bus capacitor connected between high-voltage direct-current input ends of the inverter, if the electric quantity of the electric energy is not released in time, people are likely to be injured by electric shock. Based on the requirement of high-voltage safety of an electric vehicle, the national standard GB/T18488.1-2015 states that after a high-voltage power battery is disconnected from a high-voltage direct-current bus, the electric quantity in a high-voltage bus capacitor needs to be rapidly released, and the bus voltage is reduced to below 60V within 5S through active discharge.
In order to meet the active discharge requirement, a semiconductor switch device, a discharge resistor and a high-voltage bus capacitor are generally used to form a discharge loop. Specifically, after the high-voltage power battery is disconnected from the high-voltage direct-current bus, the semiconductor switch device is controlled to be switched on, and electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor is released in a heat loss mode through the discharge resistor. However, this method requires additional devices and corresponding control circuits, which increases the cost. Some other solutions use a three-phase motor for energy consumption, which ensures safe operation of the vehicle. However, in the prior art, active discharge is performed only by adopting a single mode, which is easy to cause the defect that discharge cannot be performed in time when a circuit fails, and the cost is increased due to the addition of components in the prior art. The damage of the device and the control circuit thereof can cause that the active discharge function can not be realized, and the reliability is not high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a multistage active discharge system of a high-voltage bus capacitor of an electric automobile, which can realize safe and reliable discharge of a high-voltage bus by adopting multistage discharge.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a multi-stage active discharge system of a high-voltage bus capacitor of an electric automobile comprises a general active discharge circuit, an emergency discharge circuit and a vehicle control unit, wherein the vehicle control unit controls the general active discharge circuit and the emergency discharge circuit to work after the vehicle is powered off, so that discharge control of the high-voltage bus capacitor is completed.
The general active discharge circuit includes: the high-voltage bus capacitor discharge circuit comprises a DCDC active discharge circuit, wherein the DCDC active discharge circuit comprises a DCDC converter, the high-voltage input end of the DCDC converter is connected with a high-voltage bus capacitor, the low-voltage output end of the DCDC converter is connected with a vehicle-mounted low-voltage storage battery, and the discharge of the high-voltage bus capacitor is realized by transmitting the electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor to the vehicle-mounted low-voltage storage battery.
The general active discharge circuit further comprises a PTC active discharge circuit, the PTC active discharge circuit comprises a PTC control assembly, the PTC control assembly is connected to the high-voltage bus so as to be connected with the high-voltage bus capacitor, and the vehicle control unit controls the PTC control assembly to be started so as to consume the electric quantity in the high-voltage bus capacitor in the form of heat through the PTC heating assembly.
The emergency discharge circuit comprises a three-phase inverter active discharge circuit, the three-phase inverter active discharge circuit comprises a three-phase inverter and a three-phase motor, a high-voltage input end of the three-phase inverter is connected with a high-voltage bus, an output end of the three-phase inverter is connected with the three-phase motor, and the vehicle control unit is used for controlling the three-phase inverter to be started and closed, so that high-voltage bus capacitors on the high-voltage bus are transmitted to the three-phase motor through the three-phase inverter to be consumed.
The vehicle control unit controls a general active discharge circuit to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor, switches to an emergency discharge circuit to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor when the general active discharge circuit is in a fault state, and gives an alarm indication.
A multistage active discharging method for a high-voltage bus capacitor of an electric automobile comprises the following steps:
after the vehicle is powered off, the vehicle enters a discharging step, and the vehicle control unit firstly judges whether a general active discharging loop has a fault:
if not, controlling a general active discharge circuit to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor, monitoring whether the general active discharge circuit has an overtime fault or not in the discharge process, and switching to an emergency discharge circuit to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor after the general active discharge circuit has the overtime fault;
if yes, the emergency discharge loop is controlled to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor.
The general method for judging the overtime fault of the active discharge loop comprises the following steps: when the discharging time T is greater than the discharging time threshold T1 and the high-voltage bus capacitor voltage Udc is greater than the safety threshold U2, the overtime fault of the general active discharging circuit is judged, and the vehicle controller controls the emergency discharging circuit to start.
The general active discharge loop comprises a DC/DC active discharge loop and a PTC controller active discharge loop, wherein the DC/DC active discharge loop transmits the electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor to the vehicle-mounted low-voltage storage battery through DC/DC with peak power to consume the electric quantity stored by the high-voltage bus capacitor; the PTC controller discharge loop converts the electric energy of the high-voltage bus capacitor into heat energy for consumption by starting the air-conditioning heating function of the passenger compartment of the electric automobile.
When the general discharge loop works: and respectively controlling the DC/DC active discharge circuit and the PTC active discharge circuit to work, monitoring the voltage value of the high-voltage bus capacitor, closing the DC/DC active discharge circuit when the discharge time T is less than a time threshold T1 and the voltage Udc of the high-voltage bus is less than a voltage threshold U1, and discharging by adopting the work of the PTC discharge circuit.
When the emergency discharge loop is started to discharge: and when the emergency active discharge timing Tj is greater than or equal to the active discharge timing threshold T1 or the discharge time T is less than the active discharge time threshold T2 and the high-voltage bus capacitor voltage Udc is less than the safety threshold U2, closing the emergency discharge loop. Otherwise, judging the emergency discharge circuit to be in overtime fault, closing the emergency discharge circuit and giving an overtime fault alarm.
The invention has the advantages that: inherent parts in the electric automobile are fully utilized, any device is not required to be added, the cost of function realization is reduced, and the volume is reduced; the DC/DC high-voltage input voltage is limited within the input voltage range capable of working at the maximum power, so that the speed and efficiency of active discharge are improved; the hierarchical control is realized through the three-level active discharge loop, namely the DC/DC active discharge loop, the PTC controller active discharge loop and the inverter active discharge loop, and the inverter active discharge loop is immediately switched when the active discharge overtime faults of the DC/DC and the PTC controller occur, so that the active discharge failure caused by the failure of a single discharge loop is avoided, and the safety and the reliability of the active discharge are greatly improved.
Drawings
The contents of the expressions in the various figures of the present specification and the labels in the figures are briefly described as follows:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a control method according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following description of preferred embodiments of the invention will be made in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The main purpose of the application is to discharge a high-voltage bus capacitor after power down through charging a low-voltage storage battery through DCDC, starting and heating PTC, and three-phase motor in three directions, specifically, the three-phase motor is connected to the high-voltage bus and communicated with the high-voltage bus capacitor, so that the three-phase motor can be subjected to alternate equal-period upper bridge arm short circuit and lower bridge arm short circuit through controlling an inverter, a discharge loop is formed with a three-phase stator winding of the motor, and the electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor is released in a heat loss mode; the vehicle-mounted DC/DC is used for transmitting the electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor to the vehicle-mounted low-voltage storage battery in a voltage reduction mode, but the mode requires that the DC/DC can output high power when the bus voltage is larger than 60V, and the working voltage range requiring high power output is wider. The electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor is consumed in a PTC heating mode of the vehicle-mounted air conditioner.
Yet another discharge mode is
As shown in fig. 1, the multistage active discharge system of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric vehicle comprises a general active discharge circuit, an emergency discharge circuit and a vehicle control unit, wherein the vehicle control unit controls the general active discharge circuit and the emergency discharge circuit to work after the vehicle is powered off, so that the discharge control of the high-voltage bus capacitor is completed.
A typical active discharge circuit includes: DCDC initiatively discharges the return circuit, and DCDC initiatively discharges the return circuit and includes the DCDC converter, and high-voltage bus electric capacity is connected to the high pressure input of DCDC converter, and on-vehicle low voltage battery is connected to its low pressure output, realizes discharging of high-voltage bus electric capacity through transmitting the electric quantity of high-voltage bus through electric capacity for on-vehicle low voltage battery.
The vehicle control unit controls the start of the PTC control component so as to consume the electric quantity in the high-voltage bus capacitor in the form of heat through the PTC heating component.
The emergency discharge circuit comprises a three-phase inverter active discharge circuit, the three-phase inverter active discharge circuit comprises a three-phase inverter and a three-phase motor, a high-voltage input end of the three-phase inverter is connected with a high-voltage bus, an output end of the three-phase inverter is connected with the three-phase motor, and the vehicle control unit is used for controlling the three-phase inverter to be started and closed so that high-voltage bus capacitors on the high-voltage bus can be transmitted to the three-phase motor through the three-.
The vehicle control unit controls a general active discharge circuit to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor, switches to an emergency discharge circuit to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor when the general active discharge circuit is in a fault state, and gives an alarm indication.
As shown in fig. 2, which is a schematic flow chart of the present application, after a vehicle stops, a high-voltage bus capacitor needs to be discharged, and the vehicle controller receives a discharge demand signal and respectively performs the following steps:
in a general active discharging request, the following steps are performed in sequence:
1.1) starting an active discharge timer T, and then turning to the step 1.2);
1.2) entering a step 1.3) when the DC/DC controller and the PTC controller have no faults, or switching to a step 2.2);
1.3) starting a DC/DC active discharge circuit and a PTC controller active discharge circuit at the same time, and then turning to the step 1.4);
the DC/DC active discharge circuit transmits the electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor to the vehicle-mounted low-voltage storage battery through DC/DC with peak power, and consumes the electric quantity stored by the high-voltage bus capacitor, so that the discharge function is realized.
The PTC controller discharge loop starts the air-conditioning and heating functions of the passenger compartment of the electric automobile,
and converting the electric energy of the high-voltage bus capacitor into heat energy for consumption.
1.4) when the high-voltage bus capacitor voltage Udc is smaller than the voltage threshold value U1, the step 1.5) is carried out, otherwise, the step is waited. Where voltage threshold U1 is the minimum bus voltage at which the DC/DC can operate at maximum power.
1.5) closing a DC/DC active discharge loop, and then turning to the step 1.6);
1.6) when the discharge time T is more than or equal to T1 and the high-voltage bus capacitor voltage Udc is less than the safety threshold U2, turning to step 1.7), otherwise, reporting the active discharge overtime fault of the DC/DC and PTC controllers and turning to step 1.6.1) and executing in sequence;
wherein the safety threshold voltage U2 is a safety voltage specified by the national standard, and U1 > U2.
1.6.1) closing the PTC controller active discharge loop, and then turning to the step 2.1) and executing in sequence.
1.7) closing the PTC controller active discharge loop.
When a discharging request is made (when the PTC or DCDC has overtime fault or when the fault of the PTC or DCDC is detected when the vehicle stops, a fund discharging request is sent), the following steps are carried out in sequence:
2.1) starting an active discharge timing T, and then turning to a step 2.2) (in the step, T refers to the time for starting timing after the vehicle needs to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor, and is the same metering scale as the time T for starting a common active discharge request);
2.2) starting an active discharge loop of the inverter, and then turning to the step 2.3);
the active discharge loop of the inverter transfers the electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor to the motor for consumption through the three-phase inverter.
2.3) when the active discharge timing T is greater than or equal to the active discharge timing threshold T2 or the emergency active discharge timing Tj is greater than or equal to the active discharge timing threshold T1 and the high-voltage bus capacitor voltage Udc is less than the safety threshold U2, turning to step 2.4), otherwise, reporting the inverter active discharge overtime fault, and then turning to step 2.4).
Wherein the active discharge timing threshold T2 is the maximum active discharge time 5S specified by the national standard. The present invention requires T1 ═ 3S.
2.4) closing the active discharge loop of the inverter.
Specifically, the DC/DC active discharge circuit transmits the electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor to the vehicle-mounted low-voltage storage battery through the DC/DC with peak power, and consumes the electric quantity stored in the high-voltage bus capacitor, thereby realizing the discharge function. The PTC controller discharge loop converts the electric energy of the high-voltage bus capacitor into heat energy to be consumed by starting the air-conditioning heating function of the passenger compartment of the electric automobile.
When the voltage of the high-voltage bus capacitor is higher than a voltage threshold value U1, the DC/DC transmits the electric energy of the high-voltage bus capacitor to a vehicle-mounted low-voltage storage battery for charging by peak power, and the electric energy is consumed; when the high-voltage bus voltage Udc is reduced to the safety threshold voltage U2, the DC/DC is closed, and only the PTC controller discharging loop converts the electric energy of the high-voltage bus capacitor into heat energy for consumption by starting the air conditioning and heating functions of the passenger compartment of the electric automobile.
The voltage threshold U1 is the minimum bus voltage of DC/DC capable of working at the maximum power, 220V DC, the safety threshold U2 is the safety voltage of 60V DC specified by the national standard, and U1 is more than U2.
When general active discharge is requested, when the DC/DC and PTC controller discharge loops are judged to be normal, the DC/DC and PTC controller discharge loops are adopted to discharge the bus capacitor, when the discharge overtime fault occurs, the inverter is started to actively discharge, and the electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor is subjected to heating consumption through the motor electronic winding through the inverter. The risk that the single discharge loop fails to actively discharge is avoided, and the reliability of the system is improved.
When the emergency active discharge is requested, the inverter active discharge loop is directly started, the rapid discharge under the emergency condition is realized, and the maximum value of the emergency active discharge time Tj is required to be T1-3S.
The invention also discloses a multistage active discharge system of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric automobile, which is shown in figure 1 and comprises the following components: the system comprises a vehicle control unit, a low-voltage storage battery, a DC/DC, a PTC controller, a three-phase inverter and a motor.
The low-voltage battery is connected to the high-voltage bus capacitor via a DC/DC link.
And the vehicle control unit is used for sending a starting command to the DC/DC and PTC controllers when the DC/DC and PTC controllers have no fault, and starting the DC/DC active discharge loop and the PTC controller active discharge loop.
And the vehicle control unit is used for sending a closing command to the DC/DC to close the DC/DC active discharge loop when the voltage value Udc of the high-voltage bus capacitor is smaller than a voltage threshold value U1.
And the vehicle control unit is used for sending a closing command to the PTC controller and closing the active discharge loop of the PTC controller when the active discharge timing T is greater than or equal to the active discharge timing threshold T1 and the voltage value Udc of the high-voltage bus capacitor is less than the voltage threshold U2.
And the vehicle control unit is used for sending a starting command to the three-phase inverter to start the active discharge loop of the three-phase inverter when the active discharge overtime fault of the DC/DC and PTC controllers occurs.
And the vehicle control unit is used for sending a closing command to the three-phase inverter and closing the active discharge loop of the three-phase inverter when the active discharge overtime fault of the inverter occurs.
And the vehicle control unit is used for sending a closing command to the three-phase inverter and closing the active discharge loop of the three-phase inverter when the active discharge timing T is greater than or equal to T2 and the high-voltage bus capacitor voltage Udc is less than the safety threshold voltage U2.
The DC/DC is connected with a high-voltage bus capacitor through a high-voltage input end of the DC/DC, and is connected with a vehicle-mounted low-voltage storage battery through a low-voltage output end of the DC/DC.
The PTC controller is connected with the high-voltage bus through the high-voltage input end of the PTC controller.
And the PTC controller receives a control command from the vehicle control unit and starts or closes the air conditioning and heating functions of the passenger compartment of the electric vehicle.
The multistage active discharging method of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric automobile has the following beneficial effects: the invention fully utilizes the inherent parts in the electric automobile, does not need to add any device, reduces the cost of function realization and reduces the volume; the DC/DC high-voltage input voltage is limited within the input voltage range capable of working at the maximum power, so that the speed and efficiency of active discharge are improved; the hierarchical control is realized through the three-level active discharge loop, namely the DC/DC active discharge loop, the PTC controller active discharge loop and the inverter active discharge loop, and the inverter active discharge loop is immediately switched when the active discharge overtime faults of the DC/DC and the PTC controller occur, so that the active discharge failure caused by the failure of a single discharge loop is avoided, and the safety and the reliability of the active discharge are greatly improved.
It is clear that the specific implementation of the invention is not restricted to the above-described embodiments, but that various insubstantial modifications of the inventive process concept and technical solutions are within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an electric automobile high voltage bus electric capacity's multistage initiative discharge system which characterized in that: the vehicle controller controls the work of the general active discharging circuit and the emergency discharging circuit after the vehicle is powered off so as to complete discharging control of the high-voltage bus capacitor.
2. The multi-stage active discharge system of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the general active discharge circuit includes: the high-voltage bus capacitor discharge circuit comprises a DCDC active discharge circuit, wherein the DCDC active discharge circuit comprises a DCDC converter, the high-voltage input end of the DCDC converter is connected with a high-voltage bus capacitor, the low-voltage output end of the DCDC converter is connected with a vehicle-mounted low-voltage storage battery, and the discharge of the high-voltage bus capacitor is realized by transmitting the electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor to the vehicle-mounted low-voltage storage battery.
3. The multistage active discharge system of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the general active discharge circuit further comprises a PTC active discharge circuit, the PTC active discharge circuit comprises a PTC control assembly, the PTC control assembly is connected to the high-voltage bus so as to be connected with the high-voltage bus capacitor, and the vehicle control unit controls the PTC control assembly to be started so as to consume the electric quantity in the high-voltage bus capacitor in the form of heat through the PTC heating assembly.
4. The multistage active discharge system of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric automobile as claimed in claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the emergency discharge circuit comprises a three-phase inverter active discharge circuit, the three-phase inverter active discharge circuit comprises a three-phase inverter and a three-phase motor, a high-voltage input end of the three-phase inverter is connected with a high-voltage bus, an output end of the three-phase inverter is connected with the three-phase motor, and the vehicle control unit is used for controlling the three-phase inverter to be started and closed, so that high-voltage bus capacitors on the high-voltage bus are transmitted to the three-phase motor through the three-phase inverter to be consumed.
5. The multi-stage active discharge system of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that: the vehicle control unit controls a general active discharge circuit to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor, switches to an emergency discharge circuit to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor when the general active discharge circuit is in a fault state, and gives an alarm indication.
6. The multi-stage active discharge method of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric automobile according to claim 1, characterized in that:
the method comprises the following steps:
after the vehicle is powered off, the vehicle enters a discharging step, and the vehicle control unit firstly judges whether a general active discharging loop has a fault:
if not, controlling a general active discharge circuit to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor, monitoring whether the general active discharge circuit has an overtime fault or not in the discharge process, and switching to an emergency discharge circuit to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor after the general active discharge circuit has the overtime fault;
if yes, the emergency discharge loop is controlled to discharge the high-voltage bus capacitor.
7. The multi-stage active discharge method of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric automobile according to claim 6, characterized in that: the general method for judging the overtime fault of the active discharge loop comprises the following steps: when the discharging time T is greater than the discharging time threshold T1 and the high-voltage bus capacitor voltage Udc is greater than the safety threshold U2, the overtime fault of the general active discharging circuit is judged, and the vehicle controller controls the emergency discharging circuit to start.
8. The multi-stage active discharge method of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric automobile according to claim 7, characterized in that: the general active discharge loop comprises a DC/DC active discharge loop and a PTC controller active discharge loop, wherein the DC/DC active discharge loop transmits the electric quantity of the high-voltage bus capacitor to the vehicle-mounted low-voltage storage battery through DC/DC with peak power to consume the electric quantity stored by the high-voltage bus capacitor; the PTC controller discharge loop converts the electric energy of the high-voltage bus capacitor into heat energy for consumption by starting the air-conditioning heating function of the passenger compartment of the electric automobile.
9. The multistage active discharge method of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric automobile as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that:
when the general discharge loop works: and respectively controlling the DC/DC active discharge circuit and the PTC active discharge circuit to work, monitoring the voltage value of the high-voltage bus capacitor, closing the DC/DC active discharge circuit when the discharge time T is less than a time threshold T1 and the voltage Udc of the high-voltage bus is less than a voltage threshold U1, and discharging by adopting the work of the PTC discharge circuit.
10. The multistage active discharge method of the high-voltage bus capacitor of the electric automobile as claimed in claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: when the emergency discharge loop is started to discharge: and when the emergency active discharge timing Tj is greater than or equal to the active discharge timing threshold T1 or the discharge time T is less than the active discharge time threshold T2 and the high-voltage bus capacitor voltage Udc is less than the safety threshold U2, closing the emergency discharge loop. Otherwise, judging the emergency discharge circuit to be in overtime fault, closing the emergency discharge circuit and giving an overtime fault alarm.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010947421.0A CN112060912A (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Multistage active discharge system and method for high-voltage bus capacitor of electric automobile |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202010947421.0A CN112060912A (en) | 2020-09-10 | 2020-09-10 | Multistage active discharge system and method for high-voltage bus capacitor of electric automobile |
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| CN112659902A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2021-04-16 | 镇江海姆霍兹传热传动系统有限公司 | Electric vehicle and lower electric system thereof |
| CN112821533A (en) * | 2021-01-11 | 2021-05-18 | 深圳威迈斯新能源股份有限公司 | Electric automobile power conversion system with PTC multiplexing into DCDC |
| CN113612271A (en) * | 2021-07-16 | 2021-11-05 | 蜂巢传动系统(江苏)有限公司保定研发分公司 | Active discharging method and device for direct-current high-voltage loop and vehicle |
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