CN112811608A - Composite microbial preparation for promoting aquatic crustacean shelling growth, preparation method and application method - Google Patents

Composite microbial preparation for promoting aquatic crustacean shelling growth, preparation method and application method Download PDF

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CN112811608A
CN112811608A CN201911126576.1A CN201911126576A CN112811608A CN 112811608 A CN112811608 A CN 112811608A CN 201911126576 A CN201911126576 A CN 201911126576A CN 112811608 A CN112811608 A CN 112811608A
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microbial preparation
calcium
percent
bacillus megaterium
preparation
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邹国忠
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Wuxi Hongbao Microorganism Technology Co ltd
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Wuxi Hongbao Microorganism Technology Co ltd
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
    • C02F3/348—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used characterised by the way or the form in which the microorganisms are added or dosed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
    • A01K61/13—Prevention or treatment of fish diseases
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
    • A01K61/50—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish
    • A01K61/59—Culture of aquatic animals of shellfish of crustaceans, e.g. lobsters or shrimps
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
    • A01K63/00—Receptacles for live fish, e.g. aquaria; Terraria
    • A01K63/04—Arrangements for treating water specially adapted to receptacles for live fish
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K10/00—Animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K10/10—Animal feeding-stuffs obtained by microbiological or biochemical processes
    • A23K10/16—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions
    • A23K10/18—Addition of microorganisms or extracts thereof, e.g. single-cell proteins, to feeding-stuff compositions of live microorganisms
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/163—Sugars; Polysaccharides
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/10—Organic substances
    • A23K20/174—Vitamins
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/26—Compounds containing phosphorus
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K20/00—Accessory food factors for animal feeding-stuffs
    • A23K20/20—Inorganic substances, e.g. oligoelements
    • A23K20/28—Silicates, e.g. perlites, zeolites or bentonites
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
    • A23K—FODDER
    • A23K50/00—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals
    • A23K50/80—Feeding-stuffs specially adapted for particular animals for aquatic animals, e.g. fish, crustaceans or molluscs
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
    • C02F2103/20—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated from animal husbandry
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Abstract

The invention discloses a compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling and growth of aquatic crustaceans, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.2 to 0.6 percent of bacillus megaterium, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of vitamin C, 4 to 12 percent of glucose, 0.5 to 1.5 percent of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 10 to 20 percent of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 70 to 80 percent of zeolite powder. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) taking the components according to the proportion respectively and mixing uniformly to obtain a synthetic material; (2) and then mixing with zeolite powder to obtain the composite microbial preparation. The application method comprises the following steps: (1) water quality regulation and sprinkling; (2) seedling culture is splashed. The invention makes organic calcium and magnesium reach good activity state through ionization processing, has high hydrolysis degree, and is easy to be absorbed and metabolized by aquatic crustaceans; the shelling growth of aquatic crustaceans is rapidly promoted; active organic calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, various trace elements and mineral substances required by the growth of the crustacean are supplemented and maintained, and the functions of improving the physique and appearance of the aquatic crustacean, improving the quality of commodities, improving the water quality and the like can be realized by frequent use.

Description

Composite microbial preparation for promoting aquatic crustacean shelling growth, preparation method and application method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of microbial preparations, in particular to a preparation method and an application method of a composite microbial preparation for promoting the shelling and growth of aquatic crustaceans.
Background
The hard shell bacteria is a compound microecological preparation which is prepared by extracting bacillus megaterium from bottom mud of a high-yield crustacean aquatic animal culture pond, domesticating, rejuvenating and culturing, adopting liquid fermentation culture and compounding organic calcium, magnesium and various trace elements which can be quickly absorbed and utilized by the organisms of the hard shell aquatic animals. After the product is put into water, the phosphorus-solubilizing bacteria can convert the ineffective phosphorus in the bottom mud and organic matters of the pond into the available effective phosphorus for the aquatic crustacean so as to overcome the phosphorus limitation of a high-density culture pond, and simultaneously, the composite microorganism can also efficiently decompose the organic pollutants in the pond and improve the absorption of the aquatic crustacean on calcium, magnesium and phosphorus ions. However, in the process of culturing aquatic crustaceans, the water quality is poor, the aquatic crustaceans often cause symptoms such as soft shells, shelling failure and the like due to mineral substance deficiency, mutual killing phenomena often occur, and the culture survival rate is low.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention provides a compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of aquatic crustaceans, a preparation method and an application method thereof, the compound microbial preparation can quickly promote the hardening of the crustaceans of aquatic crustaceans, and prevent various symptoms such as soft shells, shelling failure and the like caused by mineral deficiency; meanwhile, the problems of poor water quality and low culture survival rate are solved, and the preparation method of the microecological preparation is simple and easy to obtain; the application method is simple and easy to operate.
The technical scheme is as follows: the invention relates to a compound microbial preparation for promoting the growth of aquatic crustacean husking, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.2-0.6% of bacillus megaterium, 0.5-1.5% of vitamin C, 4-12% of glucose, 0.5-1.5% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-20% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 70-80% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 5 x 108cfu/g-15×108cfu/g。
Preferably, the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.3-0.5% of bacillus megaterium, 0.8-1.2% of vitamin C, 6-10% of glucose, 0.8-1.2% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 12-18% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 72-78% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 8 x 108cfu/g-12×108cfu/g。
Further preferably, the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling and growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.35-0.45% of bacillus megaterium, 0.9-1.1% of vitamin C, 7-9% of glucose, 0.9-1.1% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 14-16% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 74-75% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 9 x 108cfu/g-11×108cfu/g。
Still more preferably, the compound microbial preparation for promoting the growth of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.4 percent of bacillus megaterium, 1 percent of vitamin C, 8 percent of glucose, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 15 percent of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 74.6 percent of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 10 multiplied by 108cfu/g。
The preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following steps:
(1) respectively taking bacillus megaterium, vitamin C, glucose, monocalcium phosphate and silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer according to a proportion, and uniformly mixing the components to obtain a synthetic material;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the synthetic material obtained in the step (1) with zeolite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5-4.5 to obtain the composite microbial preparation.
(3) And (3) fully and uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step (2), crushing the mixture, filtering the mixture by using a screen and packaging the filtered mixture. 2 kg/bag and 8 bags/bag.
The physical and chemical property position gray powder of the microecological preparation mainly comprises silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer, glucose, vitamins, trace elements, compound bacteria and the like, wherein the content of effective probiotics is 2 multiplied by 108 cfu/g. Sealing and shading, and storing in a cool, dry and ventilated place for 24 months. Is suitable for all the culture ponds and the culture ponds of crustaceans in sea and fresh water aquatic products, in particular to old ponds and high-density shrimp and crab culture ponds for culturing for years.
Wherein in the step (1), the composite microbial preparation comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.2-0.6% of bacillus megaterium, 0.5-1.5% of vitamin C, 4-12% of glucose, 0.5-1.5% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-20% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 70-80% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 5 x 108cfu/g-15×108cfu/g。
Preferably, the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.3-0.5% of bacillus megaterium, 0.8-1.2% of vitamin C, 6-10% of glucose, 0.8-1.2% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 12-18% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 72-78% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 8 x 108cfu/g-12×108cfu/g。
Further preferably, the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling and growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.35-0.45% of bacillus megaterium, 0.9-1.1% of vitamin C, 7-9% of glucose, 0.9-1.1% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 14-16% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 74-75% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 9 x 108cfu/g-11×108cfu/g。
Still more preferably, the compound microbial preparation for promoting the growth of the shells of the aquatic crustaceans comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.4 percent of bacillus megaterium, 1 percent of vitamin C,8 percent of glucose, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 15 percent of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 74.6 percent of zeolite powder, wherein the content of the strain of the bacillus megaterium is 10 multiplied by 108cfu/g。
In the step (2), preferably, the synthetic material and the zeolite powder are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 1:2-4, and further preferably 1:3.
The application method of the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following steps:
(1) water quality regulation: 167-;
(2) seedling culture: before the seedlings are put into the pool, 3-5 g of the compound microbial preparation is splashed in each cubic meter of water, after the seedlings are put into the pool, 1-3 g of the compound microbial preparation is splashed in each cubic meter of water, and the compound microbial preparation is splashed once in 2-3 days.
Wherein, the compound microbial preparation can be uniformly sprinkled in the whole pool after being diluted by 10-20 times of water in the pool. Chemical medicines and antibiotic medicines with bactericidal action are not used within 2-4 days before and after splashing.
Has the advantages that: 1. the invention makes organic calcium and magnesium reach good activity state through ionization processing, has high hydrolysis degree, and is easy to be absorbed and metabolized by aquatic crustaceans; 2. the shelling growth of aquatic crustaceans is promoted rapidly, the carapace of aquatic crustaceans can be promoted rapidly to be hardened, and the symptoms of soft shells, shelling failure and the like caused by mineral lack are prevented; 3. active organic calcium, magnesium, phosphorus, various trace elements and mineral substances required by the growth of the crustacean are supplemented and maintained, and the composition can improve the physique and appearance of the aquatic crustacean, improve the quality of commodities, promote the metabolism and the synthesis of in-vivo protein of the aquatic crustacean and promote the weight gain of the aquatic crustacean after being frequently used; 4. the hardness of the water body is increased, the utilization rate of the algae on carbon dioxide is improved, a good algae phase is maintained, and the growth of plankton is promoted; 5. the quality of the aquatic crustacean can be obviously improved, the shelling synchronism of the aquatic crustacean is improved, mutual killing is avoided, and the survival rate of the aquaculture is effectively improved; 6. the product can also be used for other aquatic animal culture, and has effects of supplementing calcium, magnesium, phosphorus and other microelements, cleaning and stabilizing culture water, and improving water quality.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of calcium content in water bodies of an experimental group and a control group in application example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the ammonia nitrogen contents of the experimental group and the control group in application example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the comparison between the nitrite contents in the experimental group and the control group in practical example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the ammonia nitrogen content between the experimental group and the control group in application example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the comparison between the nitrite contents in the experimental group and the control group in practical example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a schematic diagram showing the comparison of the calcium content in the water bodies of the experimental group and the control group in application example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a compound microbial preparation for promoting the growth of aquatic crustacean husking, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 0.2-0.6% of bacillus megaterium, 0.5-1.5% of vitamin C, 4-12% of glucose, 0.5-1.5% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-20% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 70-80% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 5 x 108cfu/g-15×108cfu/g。
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps: 0.3-0.5% of bacillus megaterium, 0.8-1.2% of vitamin C, 6-10% of glucose, 0.8-1.2% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 12-18% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 72-78% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 8 x 108cfu/g-12×108cfu/g。
Further preferred, comprising: 0.35-0.45% of bacillus megaterium, 0.9-1.1% of vitamin C, 7-9% of glucose, 0.9-1.1% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 14-16% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 74-75% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 9 x 108cfu/g-11×108cfu/g。
Even more preferred, comprising: 0.4% of Bacillus megaterium, 1% of vitamin C, 8% of glucose and 1% of dihydrogen phosphateCalcium, 15% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 74.6% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 10 multiplied by 108cfu/g。
Example 1
The preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following steps:
(1) the components are respectively taken according to the following mass percentages: 0.4 percent of bacillus megaterium, 1 percent of vitamin C, 8 percent of glucose, 1 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 15 percent of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 74.6 percent of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 10 multiplied by 108cfu/g, and uniformly mixing all the components to obtain a synthetic material;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the synthetic material obtained in the step (1) with zeolite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:3 to obtain the composite microbial preparation.
(3) And (3) fully and uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step (2), crushing the mixture, filtering the mixture by using a screen and packaging the filtered mixture. 2 kg/bag and 8 bags/bag.
Example 2
The preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following steps:
(1) the components are respectively taken according to the following mass percentages: 0.2 percent of bacillus megaterium, 0.7 percent of vitamin C, 4 percent of glucose, 0.5 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 19 percent of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 70.5 percent of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 5 multiplied by 108cfu/g, and uniformly mixing all the components to obtain a synthetic material;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the synthetic material obtained in the step (1) with zeolite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:2.3 to obtain the composite microbial preparation.
(3) And (3) fully and uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step (2), crushing the mixture, filtering the mixture by using a screen and packaging the filtered mixture. 2 kg/bag and 8 bags/bag.
Example 3
The preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following steps:
(1) the components are respectively taken according to the following mass percentages: 0.6 percent of bacillus megaterium, 0.8 percent of vitamin C, 12 percent of glucose, 1.5 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 11 percent of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 74.1 percent of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 15 multiplied by 108cfu/g, and uniformly mixing all the components to obtain a synthetic material;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the synthetic material obtained in the step (1) with zeolite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:2.8 to obtain the composite microbial preparation.
(3) And (3) fully and uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step (2), crushing the mixture, filtering the mixture by using a screen and packaging the filtered mixture. 2 kg/bag and 8 bags/bag.
Example 4
The preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following steps:
(1) the components are respectively taken according to the following mass percentages: 0.3 percent of bacillus megaterium, 1.1 percent of vitamin C, 6 percent of glucose, 0.8 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 17 percent of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 74.8 percent of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 8 multiplied by 108cfu/g, and uniformly mixing all the components to obtain a synthetic material;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the synthetic material obtained in the step (1) with zeolite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:2.9 to obtain the composite microbial preparation.
(3) And (3) fully and uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step (2), crushing the mixture, filtering the mixture by using a screen and packaging the filtered mixture. 2 kg/bag and 8 bags/bag.
Example 5
The preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following steps:
(1) the components are respectively taken according to the following mass percentages: 0.5 percent of bacillus megaterium, 1.2 percent of vitamin C, 8 percent of glucose, 0.9 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 18 percent of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 71.4 percent of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 12 multiplied by 108cfu/g, and uniformly mixing all the components to obtain a synthetic material;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the synthetic material obtained in the step (1) with zeolite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:2.5 to obtain the composite microbial preparation.
(3) And (3) fully and uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step (2), crushing the mixture, filtering the mixture by using a screen and packaging the filtered mixture. 2 kg/bag and 8 bags/bag.
Example 6
The preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following steps:
(1) the components are respectively taken according to the following mass percentages: 0.35% of bacillus megaterium, 1% of vitamin C, 7% of glucose, 0.95% of monocalcium phosphate, 12% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 78.6% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 9 multiplied by 108cfu/g, and uniformly mixing all the components to obtain a synthetic material;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the synthetic material obtained in the step (1) with zeolite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:3.7 to obtain the composite microbial preparation.
(3) And (3) fully and uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step (2), crushing the mixture, filtering the mixture by using a screen and packaging the filtered mixture. 2 kg/bag and 8 bags/bag.
Example 7
The preparation method of the compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of the aquatic crustacean comprises the following steps:
(1) the components are respectively taken according to the following mass percentages: 0.45 percent of bacillus megaterium, 1.1 percent of vitamin C, 6.5 percent of glucose, 0.9 percent of monocalcium phosphate, 17 percent of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 72.7 percent of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 10 multiplied by 108cfu/g, and uniformly mixing all the components to obtain a synthetic material;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the synthetic material obtained in the step (1) with zeolite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:2.7 to obtain the composite microbial preparation.
(3) And (3) fully and uniformly stirring the mixture obtained in the step (2), crushing the mixture, filtering the mixture by using a screen and packaging the filtered mixture. 2 kg/bag and 8 bags/bag.
Application example 1
Water body treatment by experiment: taking two adjacent river crab ponds with 15 mu water surfaces (divided into 5 mu fostering ponds and 10 mu fostering ponds) in the polder town of the Xinghua province, adopting a intensive culture feeding mode, wherein the water depth is about 1.2 m, the water color is light green, the crab seedlings do not die, the eating is normal, the river crab ponds are divided into an experimental group and a control group, and the observation period is 4 months and 1 day to 6 months and 30 days.
Stocking and pond conditions: 80 kg of seedlings are put in the fostering pond, 110 seedlings are put in the fostering pond every 500 g, 5 mu of the fostering pond is mainly planted with the elodea nutans, 10 mu of the fostering pond is mainly planted with the hydrilla verticillata, and 10000 seedlings are lifted after 2 shells are finished.
Problem analysis:
influence of calcium, magnesium and phosphorus substances splashed in the whole pool during the river crab shelling on the specification of the river crab.
The treatment scheme is as follows:
experimental groups: after being diluted by 10 times of pool water, the microecological preparation (hereinafter called hard shell bacteria) is splashed in the whole pool, 100 g of hard shell bacteria are splashed every 7 days on the water surface (the water depth is 1 m) per mu.
Control group: without using hard shell fungi.
The other feeding conditions and feeding amount are the same.
Follow-up results after treatment: the average weight obtained for 100 crab larvae per sample is given in the following table:
specification after two shells are finished After three shells are finished, specification Specification after four shells are finished
Control group 20-22 heads per 500 g 70.4 g 90.3 g
Experimental group 18-19 heads per 500 g 81.6 g 101.5 g
The pond water quality indexes of the control group and the experimental group are measured once every 15 days and continuously measured for 7 times, and the average value is obtained, which is shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0002277026700000071
case analysis
1. Calcium and phosphorus are necessary elements for the growth of the river crabs, and the content of the calcium and the phosphorus in the crab bodies can be improved along with the addition of the calcium in the water. The result shows that the calcium added into the water improves the utilization efficiency of the calcium source by the river crabs, simultaneously improves the utilization rate of the phosphorus as the bait by the river crabs, and is beneficial to the organism to maintain the balance and normal physiological function of the calcium, the phosphorus and inorganic elements. The content of calcium and phosphorus in the water body directly influences the shelling rate and survival rate of the river crabs, so the weight increment of the river crabs can be promoted, the metabolism of the river crabs and the synthesis of protein in vivo can be promoted, and the quality of the river crabs can be obviously improved.
2. The duricrobium contains high-content ionized calcium and calcium gluconate, as shown in figure 1, the content of calcium in the water body is known to be easily dissolved in water, so that the absorption and utilization rate is extremely high, the content of calcium in the culture water body can be obviously improved, and the experimental group of the calcium content in the water body at the end stage of the experiment is 7.73 times that of the control group.
3. The river crab pond is not lack of phosphorus, but the phosphorus content in the soil is very high, but available phosphorus is very low, because most of the phosphorus in the soil is insoluble compounds. After the hard shell bacteria are put into the water body, the phosphate solubilizing bacteria can convert the ineffective phosphorus in the bottom mud and the organic matters of the pond into the effective phosphorus which can be absorbed and utilized by the river crabs so as to overcome the phosphorus limitation of the high-density culture pond and degrade the residual organophosphorus pesticide in the water body, thereby playing the role of detoxification. In addition, selenate and vitamins can well enhance the constitution of the river crabs and improve the anti-stress capability of cultured animals, so that the river crabs are weak in constitution during exuviation and difficult to pass through during environmental mutation, and the survival rate is improved.
4. As shown in figures 2 and 3, beneficial bacteria in the hard shell bacteria can obviously improve the environment of the culture water body. Compared with a control group, the experimental group has the advantages that harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the pond are obviously reduced at the later period of the observation period, and the contents of the ammonia nitrogen and the nitrite in the water body of the experimental group are stable during the observation period and can be controlled within a safe range.
Application example 2
Water body treatment by experiment: taking two adjacent crayfish ponds with 5 mu of water surface in Anxiang county, Changde, Hunan province, and adopting a rice field shrimp culture mode, wherein the water depth is about 1.2 m, the shrimp seedling putting time is 2 months and 25 days, the putting amount is 8000 tails/mu, the putting specification is 100 tails/jin, the crayfish ponds are divided into an experimental group and a control group, the treatment period is 25 days, 2 grams of hard shell bacteria are splashed in each cubic meter of water body before the seedlings of the experimental group are put into the pond, and the hard shell bacteria are splashed once every 3 days after the seedlings are put into the pond, and the usage amount is 1 gram of hard shell bacteria splashed in each cubic meter of water body; the control group did not use hard shell bacteria. During the experiment, the control group and the experimental group are fed once every evening at 17:00, and other feeding conditions are the same. After 25 days of cultivation, commercial shrimps meeting the market specifications are fished, and the yield, the specification and the quality of the control group and the experimental group are measured as follows:
Figure BDA0002277026700000081
the pond water quality indexes of the control group and the experimental group are measured once every 5 days and continuously measured for 7 times, and the average value is obtained, which is shown in the following table:
Figure BDA0002277026700000082
Figure BDA0002277026700000091
case analysis:
as shown in fig. 4-6, the hard shell bacteria contain a large amount of calcium and magnesium ions and other trace elements, which can effectively supplement nutrients required by crayfish in the shelling process, greatly reduce the phenomenon of shelling failure, increase the shelling rate of crayfish and shorten the hardening time of new shells after shelling, thereby improving the survival rate, as mentioned above, the capture amount of the experimental group is increased by 25.56% compared with that of the crayfish in the comparison group, and the quality of commercial crayfish can be improved, beneficial bacteria in the hard shell bacteria can obviously improve the environment of the aquaculture water body, harmful substances such as ammonia nitrogen and nitrite in the pond of the experimental group are obviously reduced in the observation period compared with those of the comparison group, and the content of calcium in the water body can be obviously increased, and the experimental group of the calcium content in the water body at the experimental end stage is 1.8.

Claims (8)

1. A compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of aquatic crustaceans is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 0.2-0.6% of bacillus megaterium, 0.5-1.5% of vitamin C, 4-12% of glucose, 0.5-1.5% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 10-20% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 70-80% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 5 x 108cfu/g-15×108cfu/g。
2. The complex microbial preparation for promoting the growth of shells of aquatic crustaceans according to claim 1, comprising, by mass: 0.3-0.5% of bacillus megaterium, 0.8-1.2% of vitamin C, 6-10% of glucose, 0.8-1.2% of calcium dihydrogen phosphate, 12-18% of silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer and 72-78% of zeolite powder, wherein the strain content of the bacillus megaterium is 8 x 108cfu/g-12×108cfu/g。
3. The complex microbial preparation for promoting the growth of shells of aquatic crustaceans according to claim 1, comprising, by mass: 0.35-0.45% of Bacillus megaterium, 0.9-1.1% of vitamin C, 7-9% of glucose, 0.9-1.1% of phosphorusCalcium dihydrogen phosphate, 14-16% Si-Ca-K-Mg fertilizer, and 74-75% zeolite powder, wherein the content of Bacillus megaterium strain is 9 × 108cfu/g-11×108cfu/g。
4. A preparation method of a compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of aquatic crustaceans is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) respectively taking bacillus megaterium, vitamin C, glucose, monocalcium phosphate and silicon-calcium-potassium-magnesium fertilizer according to a proportion, and uniformly mixing the components to obtain a synthetic material;
(2) and (2) uniformly mixing the synthetic material obtained in the step (1) with zeolite powder according to the mass ratio of 1:1.5-4.5 to obtain the composite microbial preparation.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein: in the step (2), the synthetic material and the zeolite powder are uniformly mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-4.
6. An application method of a compound microbial preparation for promoting the shelling growth of aquatic crustaceans is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) water quality regulation: 167-;
(2) seedling culture: before the seedlings are put into the pool, 3-5 g of the compound microbial preparation is splashed in each cubic meter of water, after the seedlings are put into the pool, 1-3 g of the compound microbial preparation is splashed in each cubic meter of water, and the compound microbial preparation is splashed once in 2-3 days.
7. The method of application according to claim 6, characterized in that: diluting the composite microbial preparation by 10-20 times of water in the pool, and uniformly sprinkling the composite microbial preparation in the whole pool.
8. The method of application according to claim 6, characterized in that: chemical medicines and antibiotic medicines with bactericidal action are not used within 2-4 days before and after splashing.
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