CN112811597A - Microalgae culture and wastewater domestication integrated photobioreactor and use method thereof - Google Patents

Microalgae culture and wastewater domestication integrated photobioreactor and use method thereof Download PDF

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CN112811597A
CN112811597A CN202110057032.5A CN202110057032A CN112811597A CN 112811597 A CN112811597 A CN 112811597A CN 202110057032 A CN202110057032 A CN 202110057032A CN 112811597 A CN112811597 A CN 112811597A
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main reactor
microalgae
reactor
main
microalgae culture
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杨利明
刘卓超
耿燕妮
罗旭彪
熊贞晟
王海宇
邵鹏辉
石慧
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Nanchang Hangkong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/32—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae
    • C02F3/322—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the animals or plants used, e.g. algae use of algae
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    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M23/00—Constructional details, e.g. recesses, hinges
    • C12M23/58—Reaction vessels connected in series or in parallel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M29/00—Means for introduction, extraction or recirculation of materials, e.g. pumps
    • C12M29/06—Nozzles; Sprayers; Spargers; Diffusers
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    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
    • C12M—APPARATUS FOR ENZYMOLOGY OR MICROBIOLOGY; APPARATUS FOR CULTURING MICROORGANISMS FOR PRODUCING BIOMASS, FOR GROWING CELLS OR FOR OBTAINING FERMENTATION OR METABOLIC PRODUCTS, i.e. BIOREACTORS OR FERMENTERS
    • C12M31/00—Means for providing, directing, scattering or concentrating light
    • C12M31/10—Means for providing, directing, scattering or concentrating light by light emitting elements located inside the reactor, e.g. LED or OLED
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
    • C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
    • C12M41/22—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes in contact with the bioreactor walls
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
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    • C12M41/00—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation
    • C12M41/12—Means for regulation, monitoring, measurement or control, e.g. flow regulation of temperature
    • C12M41/18—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes
    • C12M41/24—Heat exchange systems, e.g. heat jackets or outer envelopes inside the vessel
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/14—NH3-N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/15—N03-N
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2209/00—Controlling or monitoring parameters in water treatment
    • C02F2209/16—Total nitrogen (tkN-N)

Abstract

A photobioreactor integrating microalgae culture and wastewater domestication and a using method thereof relate to a photobioreactor using rare earth tailing wastewater and a using method thereof. The invention aims to solve the technical problems of high economic cost, common effect and realization of resource in the conventional method for treating the rare earth tailing wastewater. The invention comprises three main reactors with different heights, wherein every two main reactors are connected by a communicating pipe; the upper layer algae liquid can flow to the lower layer through gravity flow, so that the conversion of the culture medium is realized, and the domestication effect is achieved; the outer ring water bath is heated by the heating pipe, so that the device is economical, energy-saving, uniform in heating and accurate in temperature control; the bottom of the reactor is provided with a micropore aeration ring, so that the carbon source is supplemented, and the algae liquid can be uniformly mixed; the lighting of the lamp tube is sufficient and uniform. The invention can provide a large amount of domesticated algae liquid in places with large-scale algae demand but no culture conditions.

Description

Microalgae culture and wastewater domestication integrated photobioreactor and use method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to a reactor integrating microalgae culture and wastewater domestication and a using method thereof.
Background
The rare earth elements are called industrial vitamins and have wide application. The rare earth ore is mainly distributed in China, especially Jiangxi. However, the large amount of rare earth mining also brings about serious environmental pollution. The rare earth tailing wastewater with high ammonia nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen, low organic matter, acidity, high sulfate, low concentration of heavy metal and rare earth elements causes damage to the surrounding environment to a certain degree. According to investigation, the average flow of the wastewater generated by a single rare earth ore is as high as 4000m only in the Ganzhou region of Jiangxi province of China3/d～10000m3And d, the number of tailings can reach 200. Therefore, an effective and cheap method for treating the rare earth tailing wastewater is urgently needed. At present, the main stream treatment method is a struvite precipitation method, and the method has high economic cost and general effect.
However, the rare earth tailings wastewater containing a large amount of nitrogen source is a good culture medium for the algae. Many algae can grow in high nitrogen-containing wastewater. The method for treating the high-nitrogen rare earth tail water by the microalgae is a win-win strategy, can increase the biomass of the microalgae to generate clean energy based on the algae, saves a large amount of manpower and material resources for treating the rare earth tail water, and realizes the cleanness and the recycling of the wastewater.
Conventional algae cultivation systems, including algae incubators, cultivation rooms, etc., have various limitations: (1) the culture amount of microalgae is small, and the demand of engineering-level microalgae cannot be supported; (2) the harvest of the suspended algae biomass consumes time and money; (3) the culture conditions such as illumination, temperature and aeration amount cannot be accurately regulated and controlled; (4) the cultured algae can be started in the wastewater after undergoing an adaptation period in the wastewater; (5) expensive in manufacturing cost and inconvenient in use, etc. These disadvantages greatly limit the extensive propagation and domestication of microalgae.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a photobioreactor integrating microalgae cultivation and wastewater domestication and a using method thereof, aiming at solving the technical problems that the existing method for treating rare earth tailing wastewater is high in economic cost and general in effect, the algae output of a microorganism cultivation chamber cannot meet the demand of microalgae at an engineering level, the cultivation conditions are inaccurate, the cultivation period of the microalgae is prolonged, the time and money are consumed for harvesting the microalgae, the algae output cannot be immediately put into use, the manufacturing cost is high, and the use is inconvenient.
The integrated photobioreactor for microalgae culture and wastewater domestication consists of a first main reactor 1, a second main reactor 2, a third main reactor 3, a cover body 4, an air outlet 5, a lamp tube 6, a micropore aeration ring 7, a heating pipe 8, a communicating pipe 9, a microalgae reactor 10, an air inlet pipe 13 and a sleeve 14;
a microalgae reactor 10 is arranged in the inner cavity of the first main reactor 1, a gap is reserved between the side wall of the microalgae reactor 10 and the side wall of the first main reactor 1, a microalgae culture zone 11 is arranged inside the microalgae reactor 10, a water bath zone 12 is arranged between the microalgae reactor 10 and the first main reactor 1, the microalgae culture zone 11 and the water bath zone 12 are two completely independent spaces, and the height of the microalgae reactor 10 is equal to that of the first main reactor 1; an inverted conical cavity 1-3 is arranged below the microalgae culture zone 11, the inverted conical cavity 1-3 is arranged on the bottom surface of the first main reactor 1, and a water outlet 1-1 is arranged at the bottom of the inverted conical cavity 1-3; a plurality of water outlets 1-2 are averagely arranged on a vertical central axis of one side wall of the first main reactor 1 from top to bottom, and the water outlets 1-2 are communicated with a microalgae culture area 11; valves are arranged on the water outlet 1-2 and the water outlet 1-1;
a sleeve 14 is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the cover body 4, the sleeve 14 is vertical to the cover body 4, the sleeve 14 is made of transparent material, and the lamp tube 6 is arranged in the sleeve 14; a heating pipe 8 is fixed at the edge of the lower surface of the cover body 4, and the heating pipe 8 is vertical to the cover body 4; an air outlet 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the cover body 4; the air inlet pipe 13 penetrates through the cover body 4 and is vertical to the cover body 4, the air inlet pipe 13 is positioned between the heating pipe 8 and the sleeve pipe 14, the bottom of the air inlet pipe 13 is communicated and fixed with the microporous aeration ring 7, the microporous aeration ring 7 is parallel to the cover body 4, a plurality of aeration ports are uniformly formed in the side surface and the upper surface of the microporous aeration ring 7, and the sleeve pipe 14 is positioned in the center of the microporous aeration ring 7; a valve is arranged on the air outlet 5;
the cover body 4 covers the first main reactor 1; the heating pipe 8 is positioned in the water bath zone 12; the sleeve 14, the air inlet pipe 13, the air outlet 5 and the microporous aeration ring 7 are all positioned in the microalgae culture area 11, and the microporous aeration ring 7 is positioned on the bottom surface of the microalgae culture area 11;
the first main reactor 1, the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3 have the same structure, and cover bodies are arranged above the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3;
the first main reactor 1, the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3 are arranged in a ladder form, the first main reactor 1 is positioned at the highest position, the third main reactor 3 is positioned at the lowest position, and the bottom of the microalgae culture zone 11 of the first main reactor 1 is communicated with the upper part of the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2 through a communicating pipe 9; the bottom of the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2 is communicated with the upper part of the microalgae culture zone of the third main reactor 3 through a communicating pipe 9; the communicating pipe 9 is provided with a valve.
The use method of the integrated photobioreactor for microalgae culture and wastewater domestication comprises the following steps:
firstly, closing the communicating pipe 9, the water outlet 1-2 and the water outlet 1-1; taking down the cover body 4; three culture mediums are respectively added into the microalgae culture zones of the three main reactors: the culture medium in the first main reactor 1 is BG11 aqueous solution, and the concentration of BG11 aqueous solution is 1.5-2 g/L; the culture medium in the second main reactor 2 is a mixed solution of BG11 aqueous solution and rare earth tailing wastewater, the volumes of BG11 aqueous solution and the rare earth tailing wastewater are equal, and the concentration of BG11 aqueous solution is 1.5-2 g/L; the culture medium in the third main reactor 3 is a mixed solution of rare earth tailing wastewater; respectively adding the same kind of algae mud in a logarithmic growth period into the microalgae culture areas of the three main reactors, wherein the concentration of the algae mud in the microalgae culture areas of the three main reactors is 1.5-2 g/L; adding water into the water bath areas of the three main reactors, covering the covers above the three main reactors, and opening the air outlets 5;
secondly, starting the lamp tube 6 to illuminate the microalgae culture area, and starting the micropore aeration ring 7 to aerate the microalgae culture area; the heating pipe 8 is opened to heat the water in the water bath area 12;
thirdly, when the microalgae biomass reaches a stable period, closing the lamp tube 6, the heating tube 8 and the micropore aeration ring 7, naturally standing until an obvious algae liquid separation layer appears, opening a corresponding water outlet to discharge supernatant, and leaving concentrated algae liquid;
fourthly, after the supernatant in the three microalgae culture areas is discharged, opening a water outlet 3-1 of the third main reactor 3 to obtain concentrated algae liquid, and closing the water outlet 3-1 of the third main reactor 3;
fifthly, opening a valve of a communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3, enabling concentrated algae liquid in the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2 to flow into the microalgae culture zone of the third main reactor 3, and closing the valve of the communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3;
sixthly, opening a valve of a communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the first main reactor 1, enabling the concentrated algae liquid in the microalgae culture zone 11 of the first main reactor 1 to flow into the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2, and closing the valve of the communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the first main reactor 1;
seventhly, repeating the steps from the first step to the sixth step, and carrying out the culture of the next period.
The light intensity, aeration quantity and water temperature in the second step of the invention are all determined according to the type of the algae mud added in the first step, and each algae mud has proper light intensity, aeration quantity and water temperature, which is common knowledge.
The aeration of the microporous aeration ring 7 ensures that the dissolved carbon dioxide in the culture medium is uniformly mixed, and the photosynthetic efficiency of the microalgae is improved.
The invention can perfectly provide the optimal living environment of the microalgae by the built-in controllable lamp tube 6, the outer ring water bath and the bottom micropore aeration ring 7, and can get rid of the limitation of the traditional microorganism culture chamber while culturing the microalgae with high efficiency. The invention comprises three main reactors with different heights, wherein every two main reactors are connected by a communicating pipe 9; the upper layer algae liquid can flow to the lower layer through gravity flow, so that the conversion of the culture medium is realized, and the domestication effect is achieved; the outer ring water bath is heated by the heating pipe 8, so that the device is economical, energy-saving, uniform in heating and accurate in temperature control; the bottom is provided with a micropore aeration ring 7, so that the algae liquid can be uniformly mixed while carbon sources are supplemented; the lighting of the lamp tube 6 is sufficient and uniform. The invention can provide a large amount of domesticated algae liquid in places with large-scale algae demand but no culture conditions.
All pollution indexes in the supernatant discharged in the third step can reach the standard, the average value of ammonia nitrogen is 14.56mg/L, the average value of nitrate nitrogen is 9.86mg/L, and the average value of TN is 24.42mg/L and is lower than 30mg/L, so that the pollution indexes reach the standard.
The invention realizes the advantages of simple operation, low cost, short culture period, large algae yield and the like under the background of less algae output biomass, long culture period, difficult microalgae harvesting and high economic cost of the traditional microalgae culture system, and has simple structure, easy extension, small investment and easy maintenance at the later stage.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic plan view of a photobioreactor integrating microalgae cultivation and wastewater acclimation according to a first embodiment (a cover 4 is not shown);
FIG. 2 is a schematic perspective view of a photobioreactor integrating microalgae cultivation and wastewater acclimation according to a first embodiment (the cover 4 is not shown);
FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 1;
fig. 4 is a schematic plan view of the cover 4 according to the first embodiment;
fig. 5 is a perspective view of the cover 4 according to the first embodiment;
fig. 6 is a schematic plan view of the interior of the photobioreactor integrating microalgae cultivation and wastewater acclimation according to the first embodiment.
Detailed Description
The first embodiment is as follows: the embodiment is an integrated photobioreactor for microalgae cultivation and wastewater acclimation, as shown in fig. 1-6, and specifically comprises a first main reactor 1, a second main reactor 2, a third main reactor 3, a cover body 4, an air outlet 5, a lamp tube 6, a microporous aeration ring 7, a heating pipe 8, a communicating pipe 9, a microalgae reactor 10, an air inlet pipe 13 and a sleeve pipe 14;
a microalgae reactor 10 is arranged in the inner cavity of the first main reactor 1, a gap is reserved between the side wall of the microalgae reactor 10 and the side wall of the first main reactor 1, a microalgae culture zone 11 is arranged inside the microalgae reactor 10, a water bath zone 12 is arranged between the microalgae reactor 10 and the first main reactor 1, the microalgae culture zone 11 and the water bath zone 12 are two completely independent spaces, and the height of the microalgae reactor 10 is equal to that of the first main reactor 1; an inverted conical cavity 1-3 is arranged below the microalgae culture zone 11, the inverted conical cavity 1-3 is arranged on the bottom surface of the first main reactor 1, and a water outlet 1-1 is arranged at the bottom of the inverted conical cavity 1-3; a plurality of water outlets 1-2 are averagely arranged on a vertical central axis of one side wall of the first main reactor 1 from top to bottom, and the water outlets 1-2 are communicated with a microalgae culture area 11; valves are arranged on the water outlet 1-2 and the water outlet 1-1;
a sleeve 14 is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the cover body 4, the sleeve 14 is vertical to the cover body 4, the sleeve 14 is made of transparent material, and the lamp tube 6 is arranged in the sleeve 14; a heating pipe 8 is fixed at the edge of the lower surface of the cover body 4, and the heating pipe 8 is vertical to the cover body 4; an air outlet 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the cover body 4; the air inlet pipe 13 penetrates through the cover body 4 and is vertical to the cover body 4, the air inlet pipe 13 is positioned between the heating pipe 8 and the sleeve pipe 14, the bottom of the air inlet pipe 13 is communicated and fixed with the microporous aeration ring 7, the microporous aeration ring 7 is parallel to the cover body 4, a plurality of aeration ports are uniformly formed in the side surface and the upper surface of the microporous aeration ring 7, and the sleeve pipe 14 is positioned in the center of the microporous aeration ring 7; a valve is arranged on the air outlet 5;
the cover body 4 covers the first main reactor 1; the heating pipe 8 is positioned in the water bath zone 12; the sleeve 14, the air inlet pipe 13, the air outlet 5 and the microporous aeration ring 7 are all positioned in the microalgae culture area 11, and the microporous aeration ring 7 is positioned on the bottom surface of the microalgae culture area 11;
the first main reactor 1, the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3 have the same structure, and cover bodies are arranged above the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3;
the first main reactor 1, the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3 are arranged in a ladder form, the first main reactor 1 is positioned at the highest position, the third main reactor 3 is positioned at the lowest position, and the bottom of the microalgae culture zone 11 of the first main reactor 1 is communicated with the upper part of the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2 through a communicating pipe 9; the bottom of the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2 is communicated with the upper part of the microalgae culture zone of the third main reactor 3 through a communicating pipe 9; the communicating pipe 9 is provided with a valve.
The second embodiment is as follows: the first difference between the present embodiment and the specific embodiment is: the first main reactor 1, the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3 are all made of transparent PMMA materials, and the light transmittance is more than 92%. The rest is the same as the first embodiment.
The third concrete implementation mode: the present embodiment differs from the first or second embodiment in that: the first main reactor 1, the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3 are all in cuboid structures, and the length-width ratio is 1: 1. The others are the same as in the first or second embodiment.
The fourth concrete implementation mode: the difference between this embodiment mode and one of the first to third embodiment modes is: the microalgae reactor 10 is of a cylindrical structure, and the ratio of the height to the diameter is 2: 1. The rest is the same as one of the first to third embodiments.
The fifth concrete implementation mode: the embodiment is a method for using a microalgae culture and wastewater domestication integrated photobioreactor, which comprises the following specific steps:
firstly, closing the communicating pipe 9, the water outlet 1-2 and the water outlet 1-1; taking down the cover body 4; three culture mediums are respectively added into the microalgae culture zones of the three main reactors: the culture medium in the first main reactor 1 is BG11 aqueous solution, and the concentration of BG11 aqueous solution is 1.5-2 g/L; the culture medium in the second main reactor 2 is a mixed solution of BG11 aqueous solution and rare earth tailing wastewater, the volumes of BG11 aqueous solution and the rare earth tailing wastewater are equal, and the concentration of BG11 aqueous solution is 1.5-2 g/L; the culture medium in the third main reactor 3 is a mixed solution of rare earth tailing wastewater; respectively adding the same kind of algae mud in a logarithmic growth period into the microalgae culture areas of the three main reactors, wherein the concentration of the algae mud in the microalgae culture areas of the three main reactors is 1.5-2 g/L; adding water into the water bath areas of the three main reactors, covering the covers above the three main reactors, and opening the air outlets 5;
secondly, starting the lamp tube 6 to illuminate the microalgae culture area, and starting the micropore aeration ring 7 to aerate the microalgae culture area; the heating pipe 8 is opened to heat the water in the water bath area 12;
thirdly, when the microalgae biomass reaches a stable period, closing the lamp tube 6, the heating tube 8 and the micropore aeration ring 7, naturally standing until an obvious algae liquid separation layer appears, opening a corresponding water outlet to discharge supernatant, and leaving concentrated algae liquid;
fourthly, after the supernatant in the three microalgae culture areas is discharged, opening a water outlet 3-1 of the third main reactor 3 to obtain concentrated algae liquid, and closing the water outlet 3-1 of the third main reactor 3;
fifthly, opening a valve of a communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3, enabling concentrated algae liquid in the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2 to flow into the microalgae culture zone of the third main reactor 3, and closing the valve of the communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3;
sixthly, opening a valve of a communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the first main reactor 1, enabling the concentrated algae liquid in the microalgae culture zone 11 of the first main reactor 1 to flow into the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2, and closing the valve of the communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the first main reactor 1;
seventhly, repeating the steps from the first step to the sixth step, and carrying out the culture of the next period.
The sixth specific implementation mode: the fifth embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that: the algae mud in the step one is C.linum, purchased from Guangyu biology company, the suitable survival temperature is 24-27.5 ℃, the suitable illumination intensity is 380-440 nm of spectrum, and the suitable aeration amount is 200 mL/min. The rest is the same as the fifth embodiment.
The seventh embodiment: the fifth embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that: the algae mud in the step one is chlorella which is purchased from Guangyu biology company, the survival temperature is 25-30 ℃, the illumination intensity is 4500-8000 lx, and the aeration amount is 2L/min. The rest is the same as the fifth embodiment.
The specific implementation mode is eight: the fifth embodiment is different from the fifth embodiment in that: the algae mud in the step one is golden algae which is purchased from Guangyu biology company, the survival temperature is between 22 and 25 ℃, and the illumination intensity is 50 mu mol.m-2·s-1The aeration rate is suitably 10mL/min to 100 mL/min. The rest is the same as the fifth embodiment.
The invention was verified with the following tests:
test one: the experiment is an integrated photobioreactor for microalgae culture and wastewater acclimation, which is shown in fig. 1-6 and specifically comprises a first main reactor 1, a second main reactor 2, a third main reactor 3, a cover body 4, an air outlet 5, a lamp tube 6, a microporous aeration ring 7, a heating pipe 8, a communicating pipe 9, a microalgae reactor 10, an air inlet pipe 13 and a sleeve pipe 14;
a microalgae reactor 10 is arranged in the inner cavity of the first main reactor 1, a gap is reserved between the side wall of the microalgae reactor 10 and the side wall of the first main reactor 1, a microalgae culture zone 11 is arranged inside the microalgae reactor 10, a water bath zone 12 is arranged between the microalgae reactor 10 and the first main reactor 1, the microalgae culture zone 11 and the water bath zone 12 are two completely independent spaces, and the height of the microalgae reactor 10 is equal to that of the first main reactor 1; an inverted conical cavity 1-3 is arranged below the microalgae culture zone 11, the inverted conical cavity 1-3 is arranged on the bottom surface of the first main reactor 1, and a water outlet 1-1 is arranged at the bottom of the inverted conical cavity 1-3; a plurality of water outlets 1-2 are averagely arranged on a vertical central axis of one side wall of the first main reactor 1 from top to bottom, and the water outlets 1-2 are communicated with a microalgae culture area 11; valves are arranged on the water outlet 1-2 and the water outlet 1-1;
a sleeve 14 is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the cover body 4, the sleeve 14 is vertical to the cover body 4, the sleeve 14 is made of transparent material, and the lamp tube 6 is arranged in the sleeve 14; a heating pipe 8 is fixed at the edge of the lower surface of the cover body 4, and the heating pipe 8 is vertical to the cover body 4; an air outlet 5 is arranged on the upper surface of the cover body 4; the air inlet pipe 13 penetrates through the cover body 4 and is vertical to the cover body 4, the air inlet pipe 13 is positioned between the heating pipe 8 and the sleeve pipe 14, the bottom of the air inlet pipe 13 is communicated and fixed with the microporous aeration ring 7, the microporous aeration ring 7 is parallel to the cover body 4, a plurality of aeration ports are uniformly formed in the side surface and the upper surface of the microporous aeration ring 7, and the sleeve pipe 14 is positioned in the center of the microporous aeration ring 7; a valve is arranged on the air outlet 5;
the cover body 4 covers the first main reactor 1; the heating pipe 8 is positioned in the water bath zone 12; the sleeve 14, the air inlet pipe 13, the air outlet 5 and the microporous aeration ring 7 are all positioned in the microalgae culture area 11, and the microporous aeration ring 7 is positioned on the bottom surface of the microalgae culture area 11;
the first main reactor 1, the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3 have the same structure, and cover bodies are arranged above the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3;
the first main reactor 1, the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3 are arranged in a ladder form, the first main reactor 1 is positioned at the highest position, the third main reactor 3 is positioned at the lowest position, and the bottom of the microalgae culture zone 11 of the first main reactor 1 is communicated with the upper part of the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2 through a communicating pipe 9; the bottom of the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2 is communicated with the upper part of the microalgae culture zone of the third main reactor 3 through a communicating pipe 9; the communicating pipe 9 is provided with a valve;
the first main reactor 1, the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3 are all made of transparent PMMA materials, and the light transmittance is more than 92%; the first main reactor 1, the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3 are all in cuboid structures, and the length-width ratio is 1: 1; the microalgae reactor 10 is of a cylindrical structure, and the ratio of the height to the diameter is 2: 1.
The application method of the integrated photobioreactor for microalgae culture and wastewater domestication in the first test comprises the following steps:
firstly, closing the communicating pipe 9, the water outlet 1-2 and the water outlet 1-1; taking down the cover body 4; three culture mediums are respectively added into the microalgae culture zones of the three main reactors: the culture medium in the first main reactor 1 is BG11 aqueous solution, and the concentration of BG11 aqueous solution is 1.7 g/L; the culture medium in the second main reactor 2 is a mixed solution of BG11 aqueous solution and rare earth tailing wastewater, the volumes of BG11 aqueous solution and rare earth tailing wastewater are equal, and the concentration of BG11 aqueous solution is 1.7 g/L; the culture medium in the third main reactor 3 is a mixed solution of rare earth tailing wastewater; respectively adding the same kind of algae mud in a logarithmic growth period into the microalgae culture areas of the three main reactors, wherein the concentration of the algae mud in the microalgae culture areas of the three main reactors is 2 g/L; adding water into the water bath areas of the three main reactors, covering the covers above the three main reactors, and opening the air outlets 5; the algae mud in the step one is chlorella, the survival temperature is 28 ℃, the illumination intensity is 6000lx, and the aeration amount is 2L/min;
secondly, starting the lamp tube 6 to illuminate the microalgae culture area, and starting the micropore aeration ring 7 to aerate the microalgae culture area; the heating pipe 8 is opened to heat the water in the water bath area 12;
thirdly, when the microalgae biomass reaches a stable period, closing the lamp tube 6, the heating tube 8 and the micropore aeration ring 7, naturally standing until an obvious algae liquid separation layer appears, opening a corresponding water outlet to discharge supernatant, and leaving concentrated algae liquid;
fourthly, after the supernatant in the three microalgae culture areas is discharged, opening a water outlet 3-1 of the third main reactor 3 to obtain concentrated algae liquid, and closing the water outlet 3-1 of the third main reactor 3;
fifthly, opening a valve of a communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3, enabling concentrated algae liquid in the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2 to flow into the microalgae culture zone of the third main reactor 3, and closing the valve of the communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the third main reactor 3;
sixthly, opening a valve of a communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the first main reactor 1, enabling the concentrated algae liquid in the microalgae culture zone 11 of the first main reactor 1 to flow into the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor 2, and closing the valve of the communicating pipe 9 between the second main reactor 2 and the first main reactor 1.
The test can perfectly provide the optimal living environment of the microalgae through the built-in controllable lamp tube 6, the outer ring water bath and the bottom micropore aeration ring 7, and the limit of a traditional microorganism culture room is also eliminated while the microalgae is cultured at high efficiency. The invention comprises three main reactors with different heights, wherein every two main reactors are connected by a communicating pipe 9; the upper layer algae liquid can flow to the lower layer through gravity flow, so that the conversion of the culture medium is realized, and the domestication effect is achieved; the outer ring water bath is heated by the heating pipe 8, so that the device is economical, energy-saving, uniform in heating and accurate in temperature control; the bottom is provided with a micropore aeration ring 7, so that the algae liquid can be uniformly mixed while carbon sources are supplemented; the lighting of the lamp tube 6 is sufficient and uniform. The invention can provide a large amount of domesticated algae liquid in places with large-scale algae demand but no culture conditions.
All pollution indexes in the supernatant discharged in the third step can reach the standard, the average value of ammonia nitrogen is 14.56mg/L, the average value of nitrate nitrogen is 9.86mg/L, and the average value of TN is 24.42mg/L and is lower than 30mg/L, so that the pollution indexes reach the standard.
The experiment realizes the advantages of simple operation, low cost, short culture period, large algae yield and the like under the background of less algae output biomass, long culture period, difficult microalgae harvesting and high economic cost of the traditional microalgae culture system, and has simple structure, easy extension, small investment and easy later-stage maintenance.

Claims (8)

1. A photobioreactor integrating microalgae culture and wastewater domestication is characterized in that the photobioreactor integrating microalgae culture and wastewater domestication consists of a first main reactor (1), a second main reactor (2), a third main reactor (3), a cover body (4), an air outlet (5), a lamp tube (6), a micropore aeration ring (7), a heating tube (8), a communicating tube (9), a microalgae reactor (10), an air inlet pipe (13) and a sleeve (14);
a microalgae reactor (10) is arranged in the inner cavity of the first main reactor (1), a gap is reserved between the side wall of the microalgae reactor (10) and the side wall of the first main reactor (1), a microalgae culture area (11) is arranged inside the microalgae reactor (10), a water bath area (12) is arranged between the microalgae reactor (10) and the first main reactor (1), the microalgae culture area (11) and the water bath area (12) are two completely independent spaces, and the height of the microalgae reactor (10) is equal to that of the first main reactor (1); an inverted conical cavity (1-3) is arranged below the microalgae culture zone (11), the inverted conical cavity (1-3) is arranged on the bottom surface of the first main reactor (1), and a water outlet (1-1) is arranged at the bottom of the inverted conical cavity (1-3); a plurality of water outlets (1-2) are averagely arranged on a vertical central axis of one side wall of the first main reactor (1) according to the sequence from top to bottom, and the water outlets (1-2) are communicated with the microalgae culture area (11); valves are arranged on the water outlet (1-2) and the water outlet (1-1);
a sleeve (14) is arranged at the center of the lower surface of the cover body (4), the sleeve (14) is vertical to the cover body (4), the sleeve (14) is made of transparent material, and the lamp tube (6) is arranged in the sleeve (14); a heating pipe (8) is fixed at the edge of the lower surface of the cover body (4), and the heating pipe (8) is vertical to the cover body (4); an air outlet (5) is formed in the upper surface of the cover body (4); the air inlet pipe (13) penetrates through the cover body (4) and is vertical to the cover body (4), the air inlet pipe (13) is located between the heating pipe (8) and the sleeve (14), the bottom of the air inlet pipe (13) is communicated and fixed with the microporous aeration ring (7), the microporous aeration ring (7) is parallel to the cover body (4), a plurality of aeration ports are uniformly formed in the side surface and the upper surface of the microporous aeration ring (7), and the sleeve (14) is located in the center of the microporous aeration ring (7); a valve is arranged on the air outlet (5);
the cover body (4) is covered above the first main reactor (1); the heating pipe (8) is positioned in the water bath area (12); the sleeve (14), the air inlet pipe (13), the air outlet (5) and the microporous aeration ring (7) are all positioned in the microalgae culture area (11), and the microporous aeration ring (7) is positioned on the bottom surface of the microalgae culture area (11);
the first main reactor (1), the second main reactor (2) and the third main reactor (3) have the same structure, and cover bodies are arranged above the second main reactor (2) and the third main reactor (3);
the first main reactor (1), the second main reactor (2) and the third main reactor (3) are arranged in a ladder form, the first main reactor (1) is positioned at the highest position, the third main reactor (3) is positioned at the lowest position, and the bottom of a microalgae culture zone (11) of the first main reactor (1) is communicated with the upper part of a microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor (2) through a communicating pipe (9); the bottom of the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor (2) is communicated with the upper part of the microalgae culture zone of the third main reactor (3) through a communicating pipe (9); the communicating pipe (9) is provided with a valve.
2. The photobioreactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first main reactor (1), the second main reactor (2) and the third main reactor (3) are made of transparent PMMA, and the light transmittance is more than 92%.
3. The photobioreactor integrating microalgae cultivation and wastewater acclimatization as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first main reactor (1), the second main reactor (2) and the third main reactor (3) are all cuboid structures, and the length-width ratio is 1: 1.
4. The photobioreactor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the microalgae reactor (10) has a cylindrical structure with a height to diameter ratio of 2: 1.
5. The method for using the photobioreactor integrating microalgae cultivation and wastewater domestication as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for using the photobioreactor integrating microalgae cultivation and wastewater domestication comprises the following steps:
firstly, closing the communicating pipe (9), the water outlet (1-2) and the water outlet (1-1); the cover body (4) is taken down; three culture mediums are respectively added into the microalgae culture zones of the three main reactors: the culture medium in the first main reactor (1) is BG11 aqueous solution, and the concentration of BG11 aqueous solution is 1.5-2 g/L; the culture medium in the second main reactor (2) is a mixed solution of BG11 aqueous solution and rare earth tailing wastewater, the volumes of BG11 aqueous solution and the rare earth tailing wastewater are equal, and the concentration of BG11 aqueous solution is 1.5-2 g/L; the culture medium in the third main reactor (3) is a mixed solution of rare earth tailing wastewater; respectively adding the same kind of algae mud in a logarithmic growth period into the microalgae culture areas of the three main reactors, wherein the concentration of the algae mud in the microalgae culture areas of the three main reactors is 1.5-2 g/L; adding water into the water bath areas of the three main reactors, covering the upper parts of the three main reactors with cover bodies, and opening the air outlets (5);
secondly, starting a lamp tube (6) to illuminate the microalgae culture area, starting a micropore aeration ring (7) to aerate the microalgae culture area, and opening a heating tube (8) to heat water in a water bath area (12);
thirdly, when the microalgae biomass reaches a stable period, closing the lamp tube (6), the heating tube (8) and the micropore aeration ring (7), naturally standing until an obvious algae liquid separation layer appears, opening a corresponding water outlet to discharge supernatant, and leaving concentrated algae liquid;
fourthly, after the supernatant in the three microalgae culture areas is discharged, opening a water outlet (3-1) of the third main reactor (3 to obtain concentrated algae liquid, and closing the water outlet (3-1) of the third main reactor (3);
fifthly, opening a valve of a communicating pipe (9) between the second main reactor (2) and the third main reactor (3) to enable concentrated algae liquid in the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor (2) to flow into the microalgae culture zone of the third main reactor (3), and closing the valve of the communicating pipe (9) between the second main reactor (2) and the third main reactor (3);
sixthly, opening a valve of a communicating pipe (9) between the second main reactor (2) and the first main reactor (1), enabling concentrated algae liquid in a microalgae culture zone (11) of the first main reactor (1) to flow into the microalgae culture zone of the second main reactor (2), and closing the valve of the communicating pipe (9) between the second main reactor (2) and the first main reactor (1);
seventhly, repeating the steps from the first step to the sixth step, and carrying out the culture of the next period.
6. The use method of the photobioreactor as claimed in claim 5, wherein the algae mud in the first step is C.linum, the suitable survival temperature is 24-27.5 ℃, the suitable illumination intensity is 380-440 nm, and the suitable aeration amount is 200 mL/min.
7. The method for using the photobioreactor as claimed in claim 5, wherein the algae mud in the first step is chlorella, the survival temperature is 25-30 ℃, the illumination intensity is 4500-8000 lx, and the aeration rate is 2L/min.
8. The method for using the photobioreactor as claimed in claim 5, wherein the microalgae suspension in the first step is golden algae, the survival temperature is 22-25 deg.C, and the illumination intensity is 50 μmol/m-2·s-1The aeration rate is suitably 10mL/min to 100 mL/min.
CN202110057032.5A 2021-01-15 2021-01-15 Microalgae culture and wastewater domestication integrated photobioreactor and use method thereof Pending CN112811597A (en)

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Application publication date: 20210518