CN112808935B - High-strength and easy-to-clean silica sol shell making process - Google Patents
High-strength and easy-to-clean silica sol shell making process Download PDFInfo
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- CN112808935B CN112808935B CN202011604862.7A CN202011604862A CN112808935B CN 112808935 B CN112808935 B CN 112808935B CN 202011604862 A CN202011604862 A CN 202011604862A CN 112808935 B CN112808935 B CN 112808935B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C1/00—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds
- B22C1/02—Compositions of refractory mould or core materials; Grain structures thereof; Chemical or physical features in the formation or manufacture of moulds characterised by additives for special purposes, e.g. indicators, breakdown additives
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength and easy-cleaning silica sol shell making process, which comprises the following steps: after the surface layer slurry is coated on the surface of the wax mould, zircon sand is sprayed on the wax mould, the wax mould is dried for 3 to 6 hours at the temperature of between 40 and 60 ℃, then the back layer slurry is coated, and finally the slurry is sealed.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of investment casting, in particular to a silica sol shell making process with high strength and easy cleaning.
Background
The investment precision casting technology is that wax is used for making a model, materials such as multilayer clay, binding agent and the like are wrapped on the outer surface of the model, the model is heated to enable the wax to be melted and flow out, so that a shell is obtained, metal is poured into the shell after being melted, the shell is smashed after the metal is cooled, and a metal part is obtained.
The shell-making process sand removal in the investment precision casting industry is a ubiquitous problem, the surface quality of a casting is affected by rough surface caused by repeated shot blasting and air milling, the repeated shot blasting and air milling is unsafe and environmentally-friendly, and the cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a silica sol shell making process with high strength and easy cleaning.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a high-strength and easy-cleaning silica sol shell making process comprises the following specific steps:
coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the wax mould, then spraying zircon sand, drying at 40-60 ℃ for 3-6h, coating the slurry with the back layer slurry, and finally sealing the slurry;
the surface layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
13-16 parts of nano zirconium sol, 30-40 parts of zirconium powder, 0.1-0.5 part of polyoxyethylene ether, 0.1-0.2 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.015-0.02 part of HX-006 anti-cracking agent, 0.015-0.02 part of HX-007 inoculant and 30-40 parts of distilled water;
the back layer slurry is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-25 parts of nano silica sol, 30-40 parts of quartz powder, 0.05-0.1 part of microcrystalline paraffin, 0.1-0.2 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.01-0.02 part of HX-015 disintegrator, 0.01-0.02 part of HX-017 enhancer and 55-65 parts of distilled water;
the mesh number of the zircon sand is 30-60.
Further, the preparation method of the nano zirconium sol comprises the following steps:
slowly adding the basic carbonate diamond into glacial acetic acid under stirring, keeping the temperature at 35-40 ℃, stirring for 5-10min, adding ethanol, continuously stirring for 1-2h, adding triethanolamine to adjust the pH value of the system, continuously stirring for 0.5-1h, recovering the room temperature, standing for 5-10h, and performing suction filtration and drying to obtain the nano zirconium sol with the particle size of 5-10 nm.
Further, the amount ratio of the basic carbonate, the glacial acetic acid and the triethanolamine is 1: 2-2.2: 0.01.
further, the preparation method of the nano silica sol comprises the following steps:
adding KH-570 into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly, then sequentially slowly adding 1M hydrochloric acid and sodium montmorillonite aqueous solution dropwise, heating to 40-50 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1-3h, then dissolving hydroxyethyl acrylate into 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding dropwise into a reaction system, continuing to keep the temperature and stirring for reaction for 5-8h, naturally recovering to room temperature, carrying out suction filtration, and drying to obtain the nano silica sol with the particle size of 20-70 nm.
Further, the mass ratio of KH-570, hydrochloric acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate is 1: 0.01-0.05: 1.
further, the preparation method of the surface layer slurry comprises the following steps:
adding polyoxyethylene ether, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 30-40 ℃, adding zirconium powder, stirring for 1-3h while keeping the temperature, adding nano zirconium sol, stirring for 20-40min, finally adding HX-006 anti-cracking agent and HX-007 inoculant, heating to 45-50 ℃, stirring for 5-10h, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
Further, the prepared facing slurry had a viscosity of 100-110KU and a density of 3-3.2g/cm 3.
Further, the back layer slurry is prepared by the following method:
adding microcrystalline paraffin, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 30-40 ℃, adding quartz powder, stirring for 1-3h while keeping the temperature, adding nano silica sol, stirring for 20-40min, adding HX-015 disintegrating agent and HX-017 enhancer, heating to 45-50 ℃, stirring for 5-10h, and naturally cooling to room temperature.
Further, the back layer slurry was prepared to have a viscosity of 70 to 80KU and a density of 2.2 to 2.6g/cm 3.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the key point of the quality of the investment casting finished product lies in the preparation of a shell, the surface layer slurry of the invention takes self-made nano zirconium sol and zirconium powder with specific grain diameter as a shell forming main body, the chemical inertness is high, the interface reaction does not occur during the casting, the change and the extension of cracks on the surface of a casting can be inhibited, the strength of the prepared shell is high, the anti-cracking effect can be improved by the matching of HX-006 anti-cracking agent and HX-007 inoculant, the appearance and the smoothness of the surface of the casting are improved, the adhesion between the shell and the surface of the casting is reduced, the subsequent cleaning is easy, the back layer slurry takes the self-made nano silica sol and the quartz powder with specific grain diameter as main components, the back layer slurry has uniform texture and no gel deterioration, the slurry hanging is uniform and has no accumulation, the performance is stable, the air permeability is good, the forming coating effect and the high strength are achieved, the shell making process greatly reduces the sizing layers of the surface layer and the back layer slurry, the method has the advantages that the workload is reduced, the surface of the manufactured casting is smoother, no cracks, burrs or bulges exist, various mechanical properties of the casting are superior to those of the existing method, and the compactness and the hardness are higher.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of a control casting in a performance test;
FIG. 2 is a side view of a control casting in a performance test;
FIG. 3 is an underside view of a control casting in a performance test;
FIG. 4 is a top view of an experimental group cast in a performance experiment;
FIG. 5 is a side view of an experimental casting in a performance experiment;
FIG. 6 is an underside view of an experimental group cast in a performance experiment;
as can be clearly seen by observing the comparison between the attached drawings 1-3 and the attached drawings 4-6, the surface of the casting manufactured by the shell manufacturing process is smoother without cracks, burrs and bulges, and the defects that the surface roughness of the casting manufactured by the conventional general process is high and the cracks, the burrs and the bulges exist are overcome.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
the high-strength and easy-cleaning silica sol shell making process comprises the following steps:
coating surface layer slurry on the surface of a wax mould, then spraying zircon sand with the mesh number of 30-60, drying at 55 ℃ for 5 hours, coating slurry on the surface layer slurry, and finally sealing the slurry;
the surface layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15 parts of nano zirconium sol, 40 parts of zirconium powder, 0.5 part of polyoxyethylene ether, 0.15 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.15 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.02 part of HX-006 anti-cracking agent, 0.016 part of HX-007 inoculant and 35 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano zirconium sol comprises the following steps:
slowly adding the basic carbonate diamond into glacial acetic acid under stirring, keeping the temperature at 40 ℃, stirring for 8min, adding ethanol, continuously stirring for 1h, adding triethanolamine, and adjusting the pH of the system, wherein the mass ratio of the basic carbonate diamond to the glacial acetic acid to the triethanolamine is 1: 2: 0.01, continuously stirring for 0.5h, recovering the room temperature, standing for 8h, and performing suction filtration and drying to obtain the nano zirconium sol with the particle size of 5-10 nm.
The preparation method of the surface layer slurry comprises the following steps:
adding polyoxyethylene ether, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 35 ℃, adding zirconium powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 2 hours, adding nano zirconium sol, stirring for 25 minutes, finally adding HX-006 anti-cracking agent and HX-007 inoculant, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 8 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a surface layer slurry with the viscosity of 105KU and the density of 3g/cm 3.
The back layer slurry is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20 parts of nano silica sol, 40 parts of quartz powder, 0.06 part of microcrystalline paraffin, 0.2 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.01 part of HX-015 disintegrator, 0.01 part of HX-017 enhancer and 60 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano silica sol comprises the following steps:
adding KH-570 into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly, then sequentially slowly adding 1M hydrochloric acid and sodium montmorillonite aqueous solution dropwise, heating to 50 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 2.5h, then dissolving hydroxyethyl acrylate into 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding the obtained solution dropwise into a reaction system, wherein the mass ratio of KH-570, hydrochloric acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate is 1: 0.03: and 1, continuously preserving the temperature, stirring and reacting for 6 hours, naturally recovering the room temperature, and filtering and drying to obtain the nano silica sol with the particle size of 20-70 nm.
The method of preparing the backing layer slurry is as follows:
adding microcrystalline paraffin, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 35 ℃, adding quartz powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 3 hours, adding nano silica sol, stirring for 20 minutes, finally adding HX-015 collapsing agent and HX-017 enhancer, heating to 45 ℃, stirring for 6 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the backing layer slurry with the viscosity of 72KU and the density of 2.3g/cm 3.
Example 2:
the high-strength and easy-cleaning silica sol shell making process comprises the following steps:
coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the wax mould, then spraying 30-60 meshes of zircon sand, drying at 50 ℃ for 5 hours, coating the back layer slurry, and finally sealing the slurry;
the surface layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
14 parts of nano zirconium sol, 40 parts of zirconium powder, 0.3 part of polyoxyethylene ether, 0.1 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.02 part of HX-006 anti-cracking agent, 0.015 part of HX-007 inoculant and 35 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano zirconium sol comprises the following steps:
slowly adding the basic carbonate diamond into glacial acetic acid under stirring, keeping the temperature at 40 ℃, stirring for 10min, adding ethanol, continuously stirring for 1.5h, adding triethanolamine, and adjusting the pH of the system, wherein the mass ratio of the basic carbonate diamond to the glacial acetic acid to the triethanolamine is 1: 2: 0.01, continuously stirring for 0.5h, recovering the room temperature, standing for 10h, and performing suction filtration and drying to obtain the nano zirconium sol with the particle size of 5-10 nm.
The preparation method of the surface layer slurry comprises the following steps:
adding polyoxyethylene ether, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 35 ℃, adding zirconium powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 3 hours, adding nano zirconium sol, stirring for 20 minutes, finally adding HX-006 anti-cracking agent and HX-007 inoculant, heating to 48 ℃, stirring for 10 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the surface layer slurry with the viscosity of 100KU and the density of 3.06g/cm 3.
The back layer slurry is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
22 parts of nano silica sol, 38 parts of quartz powder, 0.07 part of microcrystalline paraffin, 0.12 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.4 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.012 part of HX-015 disintegrator, 0.01 part of HX-017 enhancer and 60 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano silica sol comprises the following steps:
adding KH-570 into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly, then sequentially slowly adding 1M hydrochloric acid and sodium montmorillonite aqueous solution dropwise, heating to 45 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1.5h, then dissolving hydroxyethyl acrylate into 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding dropwise into a reaction system, wherein the mass ratio of KH-570, hydrochloric acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate is 1: 0.01: 1, continuously preserving the temperature, stirring and reacting for 7 hours, naturally recovering the room temperature, filtering, and drying to obtain the nano silica sol with the particle size of 20-70 nm.
The method of preparing the backing layer slurry is as follows:
adding microcrystalline paraffin, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 35 ℃, adding quartz powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 2.5 hours, adding nano silica sol, stirring for 30 minutes, finally adding HX-015 disintegrating agent and HX-017 enhancer, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 7 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the backing layer slurry with the viscosity of 75KU and the density of 2.4g/cm 3.
Example 3:
the high-strength and easy-cleaning silica sol shell making process comprises the following steps:
coating surface layer slurry on the surface of a wax mould, then spraying zircon sand with the mesh number of 30-60, drying at 40 ℃ for 3h, coating slurry on the surface layer slurry, and finally sealing the slurry;
the surface layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
13 parts of nano zirconium sol, 30 parts of zirconium powder, 0.1 part of polyoxyethylene ether, 0.1 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.015 part of HX-006 anti-cracking agent, 0.015 part of HX-007 inoculant and 30 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano zirconium sol comprises the following steps:
slowly adding the basic carbonate diamond into glacial acetic acid under stirring, keeping the temperature at 35 ℃, stirring for 5min, adding ethanol, continuously stirring for 1h, adding triethanolamine, and adjusting the pH of the system, wherein the mass ratio of the basic carbonate diamond to the glacial acetic acid to the triethanolamine is 1: 2: 0.01, continuously stirring for 0.5h, recovering the room temperature, standing for 5h, and performing suction filtration and drying to obtain the nano zirconium sol with the particle size of 5-10 nm.
The preparation method of the surface layer slurry comprises the following steps:
adding polyoxyethylene ether, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 30 ℃, adding zirconium powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 1h, adding nano zirconium sol, stirring for 20min, finally adding HX-006 anti-cracking agent and HX-007 inoculant, heating to 45 ℃, stirring for 5h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the surface layer slurry with the viscosity of 100KU and the density of 3g/cm 3.
The back layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20 parts of nano silica sol, 30 parts of quartz powder, 0.05 part of microcrystalline paraffin, 0.1 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.01 part of HX-015 disintegrator, 0.01 part of HX-017 enhancer and 55 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano silica sol comprises the following steps:
adding KH-570 into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly, then sequentially slowly adding 1M hydrochloric acid and sodium montmorillonite aqueous solution dropwise, heating to 40 ℃, keeping the temperature, stirring for 1h, dissolving hydroxyethyl acrylate in 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding dropwise into a reaction system, wherein the mass ratio of KH-570, hydrochloric acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate is 1: 0.01: 1, continuously preserving the temperature, stirring and reacting for 5 hours, naturally recovering the room temperature, filtering, and drying to obtain the nano silica sol with the particle size of 20-70 nm.
The method of preparing the backing layer slurry is as follows:
adding microcrystalline paraffin, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 30 ℃, adding quartz powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 1h, adding nano silica sol, stirring for 20min, finally adding HX-015 collapsing agent and HX-017 enhancer, heating to 45 ℃, stirring for 5h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the backing layer slurry with the viscosity of 70KU and the density of 2.2g/cm 3.
Example 4:
the high-strength and easy-cleaning silica sol shell making process comprises the following steps:
coating surface layer slurry on the surface of a wax mould, then spraying zircon sand with the mesh number of 30-60, drying at 60 ℃ for 6 hours, coating slurry on the surface layer slurry, and finally sealing the slurry;
the surface layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
16 parts of nano zirconium sol, 40 parts of zirconium powder, 0.5 part of polyoxyethylene ether, 0.2 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.02 part of HX-006 anti-cracking agent, 0.02 part of HX-007 inoculant and 40 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano zirconium sol comprises the following steps:
slowly adding the basic carbonate diamond into glacial acetic acid under stirring, keeping the temperature at 40 ℃, stirring for 10min, adding ethanol, continuously stirring for 2h, adding triethanolamine, and adjusting the pH of the system, wherein the mass ratio of the basic carbonate diamond to the glacial acetic acid to the triethanolamine is 1: 2.2: 0.01, continuing stirring for 1h, recovering the room temperature, standing for 10h, and performing suction filtration and drying to obtain the nano zirconium sol with the particle size of 5-10 nm.
The preparation method of the surface layer slurry comprises the following steps:
adding polyoxyethylene ether, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 40 ℃, adding zirconium powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 3 hours, adding nano zirconium sol, stirring for 40 minutes, finally adding HX-006 anti-cracking agent and HX-007 inoculant, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 10 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the surface layer slurry with the viscosity of 110KU and the density of 3.2g/cm 3.
The back layer slurry is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
25 parts of nano silica sol, 40 parts of quartz powder, 0.1 part of microcrystalline paraffin, 0.2 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.02 part of HX-015 disintegrator, 0.02 part of HX-017 enhancer and 65 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano silica sol comprises the following steps:
adding KH-570 into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly, then sequentially slowly adding 1M hydrochloric acid and sodium montmorillonite aqueous solution dropwise, heating to 50 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 3 hours, then dissolving hydroxyethyl acrylate into 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding dropwise into a reaction system, wherein the mass ratio of KH-570, hydrochloric acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate is 1: 0.05: 1, continuously keeping the temperature, stirring and reacting for 8 hours, naturally recovering the room temperature, filtering, and drying to obtain the nano silica sol with the particle size of 20-70 nm.
The method of preparing the backing layer slurry is as follows:
adding microcrystalline paraffin, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 40 ℃, adding quartz powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 3 hours, adding nano silica sol, stirring for 40 minutes, finally adding HX-015 collapsing agent and HX-017 enhancer, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 10 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the backing layer slurry with the viscosity of 80KU and the density of 2.6g/cm 3.
Example 5:
the high-strength and easy-cleaning silica sol shell making process comprises the following steps:
coating surface layer slurry on the surface of a wax mould, then spraying zircon sand with the mesh number of 30-60, drying at 45 ℃ for 4 hours, coating slurry on the surface layer slurry, and finally sealing the slurry;
the surface layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
14 parts of nano zirconium sol, 32 parts of zirconium powder, 0.16 part of polyoxyethylene ether, 0.12 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.015 part of HX-006 anti-cracking agent, 0.015 part of HX-007 inoculant and 33 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano zirconium sol comprises the following steps:
slowly adding the basic carbonate diamond into glacial acetic acid under stirring, keeping the temperature at 40 ℃, stirring for 5min, adding ethanol, continuously stirring for 1.5h, adding triethanolamine, and adjusting the pH of the system, wherein the mass ratio of the basic carbonate diamond to the glacial acetic acid to the triethanolamine is 1: 2: 0.01, continuously stirring for 0.5h, recovering the room temperature, standing for 6h, and performing suction filtration and drying to obtain the nano zirconium sol with the particle size of 5-10 nm.
The preparation method of the surface layer slurry comprises the following steps:
adding polyoxyethylene ether, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 40 ℃, adding zirconium powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 3 hours, adding nano zirconium sol, stirring for 35 minutes, finally adding HX-006 anti-cracking agent and HX-007 inoculant, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 8 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a surface layer slurry with the viscosity of 104KU and the density of 3.1g/cm 3.
The back layer slurry is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
25 parts of nano silica sol, 33 parts of quartz powder, 0.08 part of microcrystalline paraffin, 0.12 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.02 part of HX-015 disintegrator, 0.012 part of HX-017 enhancer and 60 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano silica sol comprises the following steps:
adding KH-570 into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly, then sequentially slowly adding 1M hydrochloric acid and sodium montmorillonite aqueous solution dropwise, heating to 50 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 2 hours, then dissolving hydroxyethyl acrylate into 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding dropwise into a reaction system, wherein the mass ratio of KH-570, hydrochloric acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate is 1: 0.04: 1, continuously keeping the temperature, stirring and reacting for 8 hours, naturally recovering the room temperature, filtering, and drying to obtain the nano silica sol with the particle size of 20-70 nm.
The preparation method of the back layer slurry is as follows:
adding microcrystalline paraffin, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 35 ℃, adding quartz powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 1h, adding nano silica sol, stirring for 20min, finally adding HX-015 collapsing agent and HX-017 enhancer, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 8h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the backing layer slurry with the viscosity of 75KU and the density of 2.4g/cm 3.
Example 6:
the high-strength and easy-cleaning silica sol shell making process comprises the following steps:
coating surface layer slurry on the surface of a wax mould, then spraying zircon sand with the mesh number of 30-60, drying at 50 ℃ for 4 hours, coating slurry on the surface layer slurry, and finally sealing the slurry;
the surface layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
14 parts of nano zirconium sol, 32 parts of zirconium powder, 0.5 part of polyoxyethylene ether, 0.16 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.018 part of HX-006 anti-cracking agent, 0.015 part of HX-007 inoculant and 35 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano zirconium sol comprises the following steps:
slowly adding the basic carbonate diamond into glacial acetic acid under stirring, keeping the temperature at 40 ℃, stirring for 10min, adding ethanol, continuously stirring for 1.6h, adding triethanolamine, and adjusting the pH of the system, wherein the mass ratio of the basic carbonate diamond to the glacial acetic acid to the triethanolamine is 1: 2.1: 0.01, continuously stirring for 0.5h, recovering the room temperature, standing for 8h, and performing suction filtration and drying to obtain the nano zirconium sol with the particle size of 5-10 nm.
The preparation method of the surface layer slurry comprises the following steps:
adding polyoxyethylene ether, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 40 ℃, adding zirconium powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 2 hours, adding nano zirconium sol, stirring for 35 minutes, finally adding HX-006 anti-cracking agent and HX-007 inoculant, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 10 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the surface layer slurry with the viscosity of 100KU and the density of 3.2g/cm 3.
The back layer slurry is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20 parts of nano silica sol, 30 parts of quartz powder, 0.06 part of microcrystalline paraffin, 0.2 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.2 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.012 part of HX-015 disintegrator, 0.01 part of HX-017 enhancer and 55 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano silica sol comprises the following steps:
adding KH-570 into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly, then sequentially slowly adding 1M hydrochloric acid and sodium montmorillonite aqueous solution dropwise, heating to 50 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1h, then dissolving hydroxyethyl acrylate into 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding dropwise into a reaction system, wherein the mass ratio of KH-570, hydrochloric acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate is 1: 0.02: 1, continuously keeping the temperature, stirring and reacting for 8 hours, naturally recovering the room temperature, filtering, and drying to obtain the nano silica sol with the particle size of 20-70 nm.
The method of preparing the backing layer slurry is as follows:
adding microcrystalline paraffin, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 35 ℃, adding quartz powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 2 hours, adding nano silica sol, stirring for 25 minutes, finally adding HX-015 collapsing agent and HX-017 enhancer, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 8 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the backing layer slurry with the viscosity of 72KU and the density of 2.3g/cm 3.
Example 7:
the high-strength and easy-cleaning silica sol shell making process comprises the following steps:
coating surface layer slurry on the surface of a wax mould, then spraying zircon sand with the mesh number of 30-60, drying at 40 ℃ for 6 hours, coating slurry on the surface layer slurry, and finally sealing the slurry;
the surface layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
13 parts of nano zirconium sol, 40 parts of zirconium powder, 0.1 part of polyoxyethylene ether, 0.2 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.1 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.02 part of HX-006 anti-cracking agent, 0.015 part of HX-007 inoculant and 40 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano zirconium sol comprises the following steps:
slowly adding the basic carbonate diamond into glacial acetic acid under stirring, keeping the temperature at 35 ℃, stirring for 10min, adding ethanol, continuously stirring for 1h, adding triethanolamine, and adjusting the pH of the system, wherein the mass ratio of the basic carbonate diamond to the glacial acetic acid to the triethanolamine is 1: 2.2: 0.01, continuously stirring for 0.5h, recovering the room temperature, standing for 10h, and performing suction filtration and drying to obtain the nano zirconium sol with the particle size of 5-10 nm.
The preparation method of the surface layer slurry comprises the following steps:
adding polyoxyethylene ether, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 30 ℃, adding zirconium powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 3 hours, adding nano zirconium sol, stirring for 20 minutes, finally adding HX-006 anti-cracking agent and HX-007 inoculant, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 5 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the surface layer slurry with the viscosity of 106KU and the density of 3.1g/cm 3.
The back layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
25 parts of nano silica sol, 30 parts of quartz powder, 0.1 part of microcrystalline paraffin, 0.1 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.5 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.01 part of HX-015 disintegrator, 0.02 part of HX-017 enhancer and 55 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano silica sol comprises the following steps:
adding KH-570 into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly, then sequentially slowly adding 1M hydrochloric acid and sodium montmorillonite aqueous solution dropwise, heating to 50 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1h, then dissolving hydroxyethyl acrylate into 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding dropwise into a reaction system, wherein the mass ratio of KH-570, hydrochloric acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate is 1: 0.05: 1, continuously preserving the temperature, stirring and reacting for 5 hours, naturally recovering the room temperature, filtering, and drying to obtain the nano silica sol with the particle size of 20-70 nm.
The method of preparing the backing layer slurry is as follows:
adding microcrystalline paraffin, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 40 ℃, adding quartz powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 1h, adding nano silica sol, stirring for 40min, finally adding HX-015 collapsing agent and HX-017 enhancer, heating to 45 ℃, stirring for 10h, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the backing layer slurry with the viscosity of 76KU and the density of 2.3g/cm 3.
Example 8:
the high-strength and easy-cleaning silica sol shell making process comprises the following steps:
coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the wax mould, spraying 30-60 meshes of zircon sand, drying at 44 ℃ for 5 hours, coating the slurry with the back layer slurry, and finally sealing the slurry;
the surface layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
15 parts of nano zirconium sol, 40 parts of zirconium powder, 0.3 part of polyoxyethylene ether, 0.2 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.12 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.02 part of HX-006 anti-cracking agent, 0.02 part of HX-007 inoculant and 35 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano zirconium sol comprises the following steps:
slowly adding the basic carbonate diamond into glacial acetic acid under stirring, keeping the temperature at 40 ℃, stirring for 8min, adding ethanol, continuously stirring for 1.2h, adding triethanolamine, and adjusting the pH of the system, wherein the mass ratio of the basic carbonate diamond to the glacial acetic acid to the triethanolamine is 1: 2: 0.01, continuously stirring for 1h, recovering the room temperature, standing for 6h, and performing suction filtration and drying to obtain the nano zirconium sol with the particle size of 5-10 nm.
The preparation method of the surface layer slurry comprises the following steps:
adding polyoxyethylene ether, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 40 ℃, adding zirconium powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 2 hours, adding nano zirconium sol, stirring for 25 minutes, finally adding HX-006 anti-cracking agent and HX-007 inoculant, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 5-10 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain a surface layer slurry with the viscosity of 105KU and the density of 3.1g/cm 3.
The back layer slurry is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
25 parts of nano silica sol, 40 parts of quartz powder, 0.1 part of microcrystalline paraffin, 0.2 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.12 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.01 part of HX-015 disintegrator, 0.02 part of HX-017 enhancer and 65 parts of distilled water;
the preparation method of the nano silica sol comprises the following steps:
adding KH-570 into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly, then sequentially slowly adding 1M hydrochloric acid and sodium montmorillonite aqueous solution dropwise, heating to 45 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 2 hours, then dissolving hydroxyethyl acrylate into 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding dropwise into a reaction system, wherein the mass ratio of KH-570, hydrochloric acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate is 1: 0.02: and 1, continuously preserving the temperature, stirring and reacting for 6 hours, naturally recovering the room temperature, and filtering and drying to obtain the nano silica sol with the particle size of 20-70 nm.
The method of preparing the backing layer slurry is as follows:
adding microcrystalline paraffin, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 35 ℃, adding quartz powder, keeping the temperature, stirring for 2 hours, adding nano-silica sol, stirring for 26 minutes, finally adding HX-015 collapsing agent and HX-017 enhancer, heating to 50 ℃, stirring for 8 hours, and naturally cooling to room temperature to obtain the backing layer slurry with the viscosity of 78KU and the density of 2.5g/cm 3.
Performance experiments:
1. control group
The method adopts a general investment precision casting process, and specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) designing and manufacturing a die: designing and processing a mould according to the requirements of a product part drawing;
(2) investment pattern manufacturing: pouring the pasty fusible pattern material into a mould to prepare a wax mould;
(3) assembling a module: welding a plurality of wax modules on a sprue wax rod to form a module;
(4) preparing a formwork: coating commercially available silica sol (Grace LUDOX silica sol) on the surface of the module, spraying quartz sand, putting into water glass to harden the silica sol, and repeating for 3 times to form a shell meeting the thickness requirement on the surface of the module;
(5) lost wax (dewaxing): putting the module subjected to shell manufacturing into a baking furnace, and completely melting the mold material to form a hollow mold shell;
(6) roasting a formwork: placing the mould shell into a heating furnace for roasting at the roasting temperature of 400 ℃ for 5 hours;
(7) metal casting: pouring molten K417 molten metal into a hollow mould shell, and cooling to form a casting; shelling and cleaning: and (4) carrying out mechanical or manual shelling, cutting off a riser, and carrying out other cleaning work to obtain the required casting of the control group.
2. Experimental group
The rest steps are completely the same as the control group, and only the step (4) is replaced by the method in the embodiment 1 of the invention to obtain the experimental group casting.
As can be clearly seen by observing the comparison between the attached drawings 1-3 and the attached drawings 4-6, the surface of the casting manufactured by the shell manufacturing process is smoother without cracks, burrs and bulges, while the surface roughness of the casting manufactured by the conventional general process is high, and the conditions of the cracks, the burrs and the bulges exist
The mechanical properties of the samples taken from the control and experimental castings were tested and the results are shown in the table below
As can be seen from the table above, the castings manufactured by the method of the invention have various mechanical properties superior to those of the castings manufactured by the existing method, and have higher compactness and hardness.
The above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; and such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. A high-strength and easy-cleaning silica sol shell making process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
coating the surface layer slurry on the surface of the wax mould, then spraying zircon sand, drying at 40-60 ℃ for 3-6h, coating the slurry with the back layer slurry, and finally sealing the slurry;
the surface layer slurry consists of the following raw materials in parts by weight:
13-16 parts of nano zirconium sol, 30-40 parts of zirconium powder, 0.1-0.5 part of polyoxyethylene ether, 0.1-0.2 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.015-0.02 part of HX-006 anti-cracking agent, 0.015-0.02 part of HX-007 inoculant and 30-40 parts of distilled water;
the back layer slurry is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
20-25 parts of nano silica sol, 30-40 parts of quartz powder, 0.05-0.1 part of microcrystalline paraffin, 0.1-0.2 part of trihydrogen phosphate, 0.1-0.5 part of polyether modified silicone oil, 0.01-0.02 part of HX-015 disintegrator, 0.01-0.02 part of HX-017 enhancer and 55-65 parts of distilled water;
the mesh number of the zircon sand is 30-60;
the preparation method of the nano zirconium sol comprises the following steps:
slowly adding the basic carbonate diamond into glacial acetic acid under stirring, keeping the temperature at 35-40 ℃, stirring for 5-10min, adding ethanol, continuously stirring for 1-2h, adding triethanolamine to adjust the pH value of the system, continuously stirring for 0.5-1h, recovering the room temperature, standing for 5-10h, and performing suction filtration and drying to obtain nano zirconium sol with the particle size of 5-10 nm;
the mass ratio of the basic carbonate diamond, the glacial acetic acid and the triethanolamine is 1: 2-2.2: 0.01;
the preparation method of the nano silica sol comprises the following steps:
adding KH-570 into absolute ethyl alcohol, mixing and stirring uniformly, then sequentially slowly adding 1M hydrochloric acid and sodium montmorillonite aqueous solution dropwise, heating to 40-50 ℃, keeping the temperature and stirring for 1-3h, then dissolving hydroxyethyl acrylate into 10 times of absolute ethyl alcohol, slowly adding dropwise into a reaction system, continuing to keep the temperature and stirring for reaction for 5-8h, naturally recovering the room temperature, carrying out suction filtration, and drying to obtain nano silica sol with the particle size of 20-70 nm;
KH-570, hydrochloric acid and hydroxyethyl acrylate in a mass ratio of 1: 0.01-0.05: 1;
the preparation method of the surface layer slurry comprises the following steps:
adding polyoxyethylene ether, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 30-40 ℃, adding zirconium powder, stirring for 1-3h while keeping the temperature, adding nano zirconium sol, stirring for 20-40min, finally adding HX-006 anti-cracking agent and HX-007 inoculant, heating to 45-50 ℃, stirring for 5-10h, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
the prepared surface layer slurry has the viscosity of 100-110KU and the density of 3-3.2g/cm 3;
the back layer slurry was prepared as follows:
adding microcrystalline paraffin, trihydrogen phosphate and polyether modified silicone oil into distilled water, stirring uniformly, heating to 30-40 ℃, adding quartz powder, stirring for 1-3h while keeping the temperature, adding nano silica sol, stirring for 20-40min, adding HX-015 disintegrating agent and HX-017 enhancer, heating to 45-50 ℃, stirring for 5-10h, and naturally cooling to room temperature;
the back layer slurry was prepared to have a viscosity of 70 to 80KU and a density of 2.2 to 2.6g/cm 3.
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