CN111299510A - Preparation method of aluminum alloy casting shell - Google Patents
Preparation method of aluminum alloy casting shell Download PDFInfo
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- CN111299510A CN111299510A CN202010245169.9A CN202010245169A CN111299510A CN 111299510 A CN111299510 A CN 111299510A CN 202010245169 A CN202010245169 A CN 202010245169A CN 111299510 A CN111299510 A CN 111299510A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C9/00—Moulds or cores; Moulding processes
- B22C9/02—Sand moulds or like moulds for shaped castings
- B22C9/04—Use of lost patterns
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22C—FOUNDRY MOULDING
- B22C3/00—Selection of compositions for coating the surfaces of moulds, cores, or patterns
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Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of an aluminum alloy casting shell, which comprises the following steps: pressing, trimming and combining the wax mould; preparing slurry by using silica sol as a binder, and preparing surface layer slurry, transition layer slurry and reinforcing layer slurry respectively; when preparing the slurry of the reinforcing layer, SiO in the silica sol is firstly prepared2Diluting the content from 30% to 15% -20%, and preparing slurry according to the powder-liquid ratio; preparing a shell by adopting a shell making process of a surface layer, a transition layer, a reinforcing layer and a sealing layer to obtain a total of 3 semi-shells; and dewaxing and roasting the obtained shell to obtain the complete shell. The invention adopts the method of reducing SiO in the silica sol2Method of content of SiO2The content is reduced from the original 30 percent to about 15 to 20 percent, the high-temperature strength and the residual strength of the shell are reduced, the collapsibility of the shell is ensured, a thinner shell can be prepared, the average thickness of the prepared shell is about 3.0mm, the molding requirement of the aluminum alloy precision casting shell with a narrow inner cavity structure can be met, and the shell is easy to cleanAnd (6) processing.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of investment precision casting, and particularly relates to a preparation method of an aluminum alloy casting shell.
Background
When an investment precision casting method is adopted to manufacture an aluminum alloy precision casting with a narrow inner cavity structure, the shell manufacturing process is generally that a surface layer adopts silica sol and zircon powder, and a reinforcing layer is prepared from mullite powder, ethyl silicate hydrolysate and a certain amount of latex; the latex has the functions of reducing the strength of the shell and improving the collapsibility of the shell; however, the ammonia drying process of the ethyl silicate hydrolysate is not environment-friendly, and if the number of layers of the shell is thick, the narrow inner cavity is blocked by the refractory material, so that the shell is difficult to clean. In another method, silica sol is used as a binder to prepare the shell, but the shell has the problems of high residual strength, difficult cleaning and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preparing a shell of an aluminum alloy casting, which aims to solve the problems that in the prior art, the ammonia drying process for preparing the shell by using ethyl silicate hydrolysate is not environment-friendly, the shell has high residual strength and is difficult to clean and the like
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of an aluminum alloy casting shell comprises the following steps:
s1, pressing, trimming and combining the wax pattern;
s2, preparing slurry, namely preparing surface layer slurry, transition layer slurry and reinforcing layer slurry respectively;
s3, preparing a shell by adopting a shell making process of a surface layer, a transition layer, a reinforcing layer and a sealing layer;
and S4, dewaxing and roasting the shell obtained in the step S3 to obtain a complete shell.
Further, in S2, a slurry is prepared using a silica sol as a binder.
Further, in S2, the viscosity measurement value satisfies: the viscosity detection value of the slurry of the surface layer is 40s +/-3 s, the viscosity detection value of the slurry of the transition layer is 28s +/-3 s, and the viscosity detection value of the slurry of the reinforcing layer is 8s +/-3 s.
Further, in S2, the coating thickness is made to satisfy: the thickness of the surface layer slurry coating is 0.08mm +/-0.01 mm, the thickness of the transition layer slurry coating is 0.10mm +/-0.02 mm, and the thickness of the reinforcing layer slurry coating is 0.10mm +/-0.02 mm.
Furthermore, in S2, the powder-liquid ratio of the surface layer is 1: 4-1: 4.5, the powder-liquid ratio of the transition layer is 1: 1.8-1: 2.2, and the powder-liquid ratio of the reinforcing layer is 1: 1.3-1: 1.7.
Further, in S2, when preparing the reinforcing layer slurry, SiO in the silica sol is first prepared2The content is diluted from 30 percent to 15 percent to 20 percent, and then slurry is prepared according to the powder-liquid ratio.
Further, the SiO in the silica sol is diluted with distilled water2。
Further, in S2, the surface layer is made of 320 mesh zircon powder, and the transition layer and the reinforcing layer are made of 200 mesh mullite powder.
Further, in S2, the surface layer is made of 80-mesh corundum sand, and the transition layer and the reinforcing layer are respectively made of 36-mesh and 24-mesh mullite sand.
Further, in S3, a total of 3 half shells were obtained.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum alloy casting shell, which is used for preparing a three-layer semi-shell by reducing SiO in silica sol2Method of content of SiO2The content is reduced from the original 30 percent to about 15 to 20 percent, the high-temperature strength and the residual strength of the shell are reduced, and the collapsibility of the shell is ensured; the method has the advantages that a thin shell is prepared, the average thickness of the prepared shell is about 3.0mm, the shell forming of the aluminum alloy precision casting with the narrow inner cavity structure can be met, and the shell is easy to clean;
2. the invention provides a preparation method of an aluminum alloy casting shell, which reduces SiO in silica sol2The content method can be used for preparing the aluminum casting shell with the narrow inner cavity structure, and the residual of the thin-wall precision casting shell can be effectively solvedThe strength is high, the technical bottleneck problem of difficult clearance, and can effectively promote the qualification rate and the roughness of narrow inner chamber structure aluminum alloy foundry goods.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the invention and not to limit the invention. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a structural diagram of an aluminum alloy casting with a narrow inner cavity structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
The following detailed description is exemplary in nature and is intended to provide further details of the invention. Unless otherwise defined, all technical terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs. The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention.
When the precision investment casting method is adopted to manufacture the aluminum alloy precision casting with the narrow inner cavity structure, the aluminum alloy precision casting cannot be excessively polished and blown, so that the narrow inner cavity structure is difficult to clean. With SiO in silica sol2The content is reduced, the high-temperature strength of the shell is reduced, and the residual strength of the shell is in direct proportion to the high-temperature strength, so that the residual strength of the shell is reduced. The aluminum alloy is light alloy, has low density, and adopts distilled water to reduce SiO in silica sol2Method of content of SiO2The content is reduced from the original 30 percent to about 15 to 20 percent, the high-temperature strength and the residual strength of the shell are reduced, the average thickness of the prepared shell is about 3.0mm, and the molding of the aluminum alloy precision casting shell with a narrow inner cavity structure can be met.
A preparation method of an aluminum alloy casting shell comprises the following steps:
s1, pressing, trimming and combining the wax pattern;
s2, preparing slurry, namely preparing surface layer slurry, transition layer slurry and reinforcing layer slurry respectively;
s3, preparing a shell by adopting a shell making process of a surface layer, a transition layer, a reinforcing layer and a sealing layer;
and S4, dewaxing and roasting the shell obtained in the step S3 to obtain a complete shell.
Further, in S2, a slurry is prepared using a silica sol as a binder.
Further, in S2, the viscosity measurement value satisfies: the viscosity detection value of the slurry of the surface layer is 40s +/-3 s, the viscosity detection value of the slurry of the transition layer is 28s +/-3 s, and the viscosity detection value of the slurry of the reinforcing layer is 8s +/-3 s.
Further, in S2, the coating thickness is made to satisfy: the thickness of the surface layer slurry coating is 0.08mm +/-0.01 mm, the thickness of the transition layer slurry coating is 0.10mm +/-0.02 mm, and the thickness of the reinforcing layer slurry coating is 0.10mm +/-0.02 mm.
Further, in S2, the powder-liquid ratio of the surface layer is 1: 4-1: 4.5, the powder-liquid ratio of the transition layer is 1: 1.8-1: 2.2, and the powder-liquid ratio of the reinforcement layer is 1: 1.3-1: 1.7, wherein the powder-liquid ratio of the surface layer, the powder-liquid ratio of the transition layer and the powder-liquid ratio of the reinforcement layer are all in mass ratio.
Further, in S2, when preparing the reinforcing layer slurry, SiO in the silica sol is first prepared2The content is diluted from 30 percent to 15 percent to 20 percent, and then slurry is prepared according to the powder-liquid ratio.
Further, the SiO in the silica sol is diluted with distilled water2。
Further, in S2, the surface layer is made of 320 mesh zircon powder, and the transition layer and the reinforcing layer are made of 200 mesh mullite powder.
Further, in S2, the surface layer is made of 80-mesh corundum sand, and the transition layer and the reinforcing layer are respectively made of 36-mesh and 24-mesh mullite sand.
Further, in S3, a total of 3 half shells were obtained.
To better explain the technical solution of the present invention, further explanation is made below according to specific examples.
Example 1: cooling air inlet pipe
According to the casting drawing of the cooling air inlet pipe, an aluminum alloy casting is manufactured with the shape and the size of a narrow inner cavity, the wall thickness is 2.5mm, and the material is ZL 350.
And carrying out wax mold pressing, finishing and combining according to the production process flow of the general aluminum alloy precision casting. In the shell making process, silica sol is used as a binder to prepare slurry, a surface layer adopts 320-mesh zircon powder, and a transition layer and a reinforcing layer adopt 200-mesh mullite powder; the powder-liquid ratio of the surface layer is 1:4, the powder-liquid ratio of the transition layer is 1:2.2, and the powder-liquid ratio of the reinforcing layer is 1: 1.3; the surface layer adopts 80-mesh corundum sand, and the transition layer and the reinforcing layer respectively adopt 36-mesh and 24-mesh mullite sand; when preparing the slurry of the reinforcing layer, firstly, distilled water is adopted to dissolve SiO in the silica sol2The content is diluted from 30% to 20%, and then the slurry is prepared according to the powder-liquid ratio. Respectively detecting the technological properties of the surface layer slurry, the transition layer slurry and the reinforcing layer slurry; the viscosity test value satisfies: the viscosity detection value of the surface layer is 40s +/-3 s, the viscosity detection value of the transition layer is 28s +/-3 s, and the viscosity detection value of the reinforcing layer is 8s +/-3 s; the coating thickness satisfies: the thickness of the surface layer coating is 0.08mm +/-0.01 mm, the thickness of the transition layer coating is 0.10mm +/-0.02 mm, and the thickness of the reinforcing layer coating is 0.10mm +/-0.02 mm. And a shell manufacturing process of a surface layer, a transition layer, a reinforcing layer and a sealing layer is adopted, and 3 layers of semi-shells are formed in total. According to the production process flow of the general aluminum alloy precision casting, the working procedures of dewaxing, roasting, melting and pouring, shelling, cutting and polishing, X-ray inspection, fluorescence inspection, size inspection and the like are completed.
Example 2: engine upper cover
And manufacturing an aluminum alloy casting according to the shape and the size of the narrow square groove on the upper cover casting, wherein the wall thickness is 2mm, and the material is ZL 105.
And carrying out wax mold pressing, finishing and combining according to the production process flow of the general aluminum alloy precision casting. In the shell making process, silica sol is used as a binder to prepare slurry, a surface layer adopts 320-mesh zircon powder, and a transition layer and a reinforcing layer adopt 200-mesh mullite powder; the powder-liquid ratio of the surface layer is 1:4.5, the powder-liquid ratio of the transition layer is 1:1.8, and the powder-liquid ratio of the reinforcing layer is 1: 1.7; the surface layer adopts 80-mesh corundum sand, and the transition layer and the reinforcing layer respectively adopt 36-mesh and 24-mesh mullite sand. Preparing slurry of reinforcing layer, dissolving SiO in silica sol with distilled water2The content is diluted from 30% to 15%, and then the slurry is prepared according to the powder-liquid ratio. And (5) manufacturing a shell for the module after the module is deoiled. Respectively detecting the technological properties of the surface layer slurry, the transition layer slurry and the reinforcing layer slurry; the viscosity test value satisfies: the viscosity detection value of the surface layer is 40s +/-3 s, the viscosity detection value of the transition layer is 28s +/-3 s, and the viscosity detection value of the reinforcing layer is 8s +/-3 s; the coating thickness satisfies: the thickness of the surface layer coating is 0.08mm +/-0.01 mm, the thickness of the transition layer coating is 0.10mm +/-0.02 mm, and the thickness of the reinforcing layer coating is 0.10mm +/-0.02 mm. And a shell manufacturing process of a surface layer, a transition layer, a reinforcing layer and a sealing layer is adopted, and 3 layers of semi-shells are formed in total. According to the production process flow of the general aluminum alloy precision casting, the working procedures of dewaxing, roasting, melting and pouring, shelling, cutting and polishing, X-ray inspection, fluorescence inspection, size inspection and the like are completed.
According to the preparation method of the aluminum alloy casting shell, the thinner shell can be prepared, the residual strength of the shell is reduced, the collapsibility of the shell is ensured, and the requirement that the aluminum alloy casting is easy to clean is met; by reducing SiO in silica sol2The method for preparing the aluminum casting shell with the narrow inner cavity structure can effectively solve the technical bottleneck problems of high residual strength and difficulty in cleaning of the thin-wall precision casting shell, and can effectively improve the qualification rate and the surface roughness of the aluminum alloy casting with the narrow inner cavity structure.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that the invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics thereof. The embodiments disclosed above are therefore to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive. All changes which come within the scope of or equivalence to the invention are intended to be embraced therein.
Claims (10)
1. The preparation method of the aluminum alloy casting shell is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, pressing, trimming and combining the wax pattern;
s2, preparing slurry, namely preparing surface layer slurry, transition layer slurry and reinforcing layer slurry respectively;
s3, preparing a shell by adopting a shell making process of a surface layer, a transition layer, a reinforcing layer and a sealing layer;
and S4, dewaxing and roasting the shell obtained in the step S3 to obtain a complete shell.
2. A method of making an aluminum alloy casting shell of claim 1, wherein in S2, the slurry is formulated with silica sol as a binder.
3. A method of producing an aluminum alloy casting shell according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the viscosity detection value satisfies: the viscosity detection value of the slurry of the surface layer is 40s +/-3 s, the viscosity detection value of the slurry of the transition layer is 28s +/-3 s, and the viscosity detection value of the slurry of the reinforcing layer is 8s +/-3 s.
4. A method of producing an aluminum alloy casting shell according to claim 1, wherein in S2, the thickness of the coating layer is made to satisfy: the thickness of the surface layer slurry coating is 0.08mm +/-0.01 mm, the thickness of the transition layer slurry coating is 0.10mm +/-0.02 mm, and the thickness of the reinforcing layer slurry coating is 0.10mm +/-0.02 mm.
5. A method of producing an aluminum alloy casting shell according to claim 1, wherein in S2, in mass ratio: the powder-liquid ratio of the surface layer is 1: 4-1: 4.5, the powder-liquid ratio of the transition layer is 1: 1.8-1: 2.2, and the powder-liquid ratio of the reinforcing layer is 1: 1.3-1: 1.7.
6. The method of preparing an aluminum alloy casting shell according to claim 2, wherein in S2, SiO in the silica sol is first added when preparing the slurry of the reinforcing layer2The content is diluted from 30 percent to 15 percent to 20 percent, and then slurry is prepared according to the powder-liquid ratio.
7. A method of making an aluminum alloy casting shell of claim 6, wherein the SiO in the silica sol is diluted with distilled water2。
8. A method of making an aluminum alloy casting shell according to claim 1, wherein in S2, 320 mesh zircon powder is used for the surface layer, and 200 mesh mullite powder is used for the transition layer and the reinforcement layer.
9. The method for preparing an aluminum alloy casting shell mold according to claim 1, wherein in S2, 80-mesh corundum sand is adopted as the surface layer, and 36-mesh and 24-mesh mullite sand is adopted as the transition layer and the reinforcing layer respectively.
10. A method of producing an aluminum alloy casting shell according to claim 1, wherein in S3, a total of 3 half shells are obtained.
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Cited By (4)
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| CN112191807A (en) * | 2020-11-16 | 2021-01-08 | 芜湖正科精密机械制造有限公司 | Process for manufacturing two-layer shell mold for precision casting |
| CN113484194A (en) * | 2021-06-30 | 2021-10-08 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Method for inspecting oil removal quality of module |
| CN113547079A (en) * | 2021-07-28 | 2021-10-26 | 贵州安吉航空精密铸造有限责任公司 | Alloy casting molding method |
| CN115401163A (en) * | 2022-08-31 | 2022-11-29 | 河北钢研德凯科技有限公司 | Silica sol shell and preparation method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20200619 |