CN112806549A - Ginger full-recycling treatment method - Google Patents
Ginger full-recycling treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN112806549A CN112806549A CN202011595462.4A CN202011595462A CN112806549A CN 112806549 A CN112806549 A CN 112806549A CN 202011595462 A CN202011595462 A CN 202011595462A CN 112806549 A CN112806549 A CN 112806549A
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- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
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- C11—ANIMAL OR VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES OR WAXES; FATTY ACIDS THEREFROM; DETERGENTS; CANDLES
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- C12N—MICROORGANISMS OR ENZYMES; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF; PROPAGATING, PRESERVING, OR MAINTAINING MICROORGANISMS; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING; CULTURE MEDIA
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Abstract
The invention discloses a ginger full-recycling treatment method, and belongs to the technical field of food processing. The method comprises the following steps: step (1): crushing and squeezing ginger raw materials to obtain ginger cloudy juice and ginger coarse residues; step (2): centrifuging the ginger coarse residue to obtain ginger fiber and ginger protein liquid; fine filtering the turbid ginger juice to obtain clear ginger juice; and (3): distilling the ginger juice to extract oil to obtain ginger oil and distillation residues. According to the invention, through the process of executing the Paodingxi-Niuhua separation on the raw ginger, all components in the ginger are separated and purified step by step from large to small according to the category content sequence, edible products including ginger essential oil, gingerol, curcumin, ginger protein, ginger dietary fiber, ginger crude fiber and the like are produced, meanwhile, the rotten ginger and waste water in the production process are subjected to biotransformation, and the biogas and high-efficiency organic fertilizer are produced, so that the resource utilization rate can be improved, and the three-waste pollution is avoided, thereby achieving the aim of green ecological processing with zero emission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of food processing, in particular to a ginger full-recycling treatment method.
Background
The ginger is the rhizome of a perennial root herbaceous plant ginger in the family of zingiberaceae, is pungent in taste and warm in nature, has the effects of sweating, relieving exterior syndrome, eliminating phlegm, relieving cough, stimulating appetite and arresting vomiting, can be used for treating wind-cold type cold, headache and nasal obstruction, phlegm retention and cough and asthma, abdominal fullness and stuffiness, deficiency cold of spleen and stomach, nausea and vomiting, anorexia and the like, is beneficial to dilating blood vessels, accelerating blood circulation, reducing blood cholesterol, diluting blood and preventing blood clots, arteriosclerosis and coronary heart disease when being eaten frequently; is beneficial to stimulating gastric secretion, promoting enterokinesia and enhancing digestive ability; is beneficial to regulating physiological function, enhancing organism activity and improving immunity; is beneficial for prolonging life, and has anti-aging function because gingerol can inhibit lipid peroxidation, and when pungent component gingerol in rhizoma Zingiberis recens enters into body for absorption and digestion, it can generate an anti-aging substance beneficial to organism, and can inhibit lipid peroxidation in body, and prevent senile plaque.
However, in the conventional ginger production process, the ginger cannot be fully utilized at one time, so that a lot of resources cannot be fully utilized, and waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a ginger full-resource processing method. The method comprises the following steps:
step (1): crushing and squeezing ginger raw materials to obtain ginger cloudy juice and ginger coarse residues;
step (2): centrifuging the ginger coarse residue to obtain ginger fiber and ginger protein liquid; fine filtering the ginger cloudy juice to obtain ginger clear juice;
and (3): distilling the ginger clear juice to extract oil to obtain ginger oil and distillation residues;
and (4): filtering the distillation residues by a membrane to obtain trapped fluid and permeate;
and (5): drying and spraying the trapped fluid to obtain dietary fiber;
and (6): adsorbing the permeate liquid by resin, eluting the resin adsorbate by hot water, cooling the hot water eluent, concentrating by a membrane, and drying to obtain gingerol; eluting the resin adsorbate eluted by hot water by using a salt solution, desalting a salt solution eluate film, concentrating the film, and drying to obtain curcumin;
and (7): drying the ginger protein liquid at low temperature to obtain ginger protease;
and (8): carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the ginger fibers to obtain aged bacterial sludge and methane; purifying the biogas to obtain biogas; and drying the aged bacterial sludge by hot air to obtain the special organic fertilizer.
Further, in the step (2), the ginger cloudy juice is subjected to fine filtration by using a precision filter with the aperture of 0.01um at the pressure of 0.1-0.6Mpa and the temperature of 20-50 ℃ to obtain the ginger clear juice.
Further, in the step (3), the ginger clear juice is subjected to reduced pressure distillation and preconcentration at 50-60 ℃, oil extraction is performed, and cooling is performed at room temperature to obtain the ginger oil.
Further, in the step (4), the distillation residue is subjected to membrane filtration by using an ultrafiltration membrane with a pore size of 0.01um at a temperature of 40 ℃ under a pressure of 0.1-0.5Mpa, so as to obtain the retentate and the permeate.
Further, in the step (5), drying the trapped fluid at 60-75 ℃ by a drying powder sprayer to obtain the dietary fiber.
Further, in the step (6), the resin adsorbate is eluted by hot water at the temperature of 85-95 ℃, the hot water eluate is cooled at room temperature, concentrated by a reverse osmosis membrane at the concentration pressure of 1.5-3Mpa and the temperature of below 40 ℃, and then dried by powder spraying drying equipment at the temperature of 60-75 ℃ to obtain the gingerol.
Further, in the step (6), the resin adsorbate after being eluted by hot water is eluted by NaCl with the concentration of 0.2% -1%, a saline solution eluent film is desalted, the desalting pressure is 1-1.5Mpa, the temperature is below 40 ℃, then a reverse osmosis membrane is used for concentration, the concentration pressure is 1.5-3Mpa, the temperature is below 40 ℃, and finally drying is carried out at 60-75 ℃ by a powder spraying drying device to obtain the curcumin.
Further, in the step (7), the ginger protein solution is dried at 25-30 ℃ to obtain the ginger protease.
Further, in the step (8), the ginger fibers are subjected to anaerobic fermentation in an anaerobic fermentation device for 5-15 days at the temperature of 50-60 ℃ to obtain the aged bacterial sludge and the methane.
Further, in the step (8), the aged bacterial sludge is subjected to hot air drying at 50-70 ℃ by a hot air dryer to obtain the special organic fertilizer.
The technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the invention, through the process of executing the Paodingxi-Niuhua separation on the raw ginger, all components in the ginger are separated and purified step by step from large to small according to the category content sequence, edible products including ginger essential oil, gingerol, curcumin, ginger protein, ginger dietary fiber, ginger crude fiber and the like are produced, meanwhile, the rotten ginger of the traditional wastes and the waste water in the production process are subjected to biotransformation, and the biogas and the efficient organic fertilizer are produced, so that the environment-friendly and energy-saving processing method is environment-friendly, can greatly improve the additional value of the series of processed ginger products, improves the resource utilization rate, and has no three-waste pollution, thereby achieving the green ecological processing target with zero emission. In addition, in the treatment method, only water is used as a medium, and no organic solvent is added, so that the environment is not damaged during production, and the health of workers is facilitated.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for recycling ginger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of another method for recycling ginger.
Detailed Description
Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The terminology used in the description of the invention herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example one
A method for processing ginger resources completely, which comprises the following steps with reference to figure 1:
step (1): pulverizing rhizoma Zingiberis recens, and squeezing to obtain rhizoma Zingiberis recens cloudy juice and rhizoma Zingiberis recens coarse residue.
Step (2): centrifuging the ginger coarse residue to obtain ginger fiber and ginger protein liquid; and (4) filtering the ginger cloudy juice to obtain ginger clear juice.
And (3): distilling the ginger juice to extract oil to obtain ginger oil and distillation residues.
It is noted that ginger oil has a strong aromatic odor, is mainly applied to flavoring and seasoning of food and beverage, and is also an essence raw material and a medicinal raw material with a high price which are taken first in markets at home and abroad at present. Can be used as ideal essence for cosmetics, especially perfume for men, and natural food essence. Ginger oil is a novel and valuable material for modern food, medicine and light chemical industries, and is popular in domestic and foreign markets.
And (4): and filtering the distillation residue by using a membrane to obtain a trapped fluid and a permeate.
And (5): drying trapped fluid and spraying powder to obtain the dietary fiber.
It should be noted that ginger contains a large amount of cellulose and starch, and the comprehensive utilization degree of ginger as a residue of deep processing is not so deep that intensive studies have not been made. In recent years, soluble as well as insoluble dietary fibers have begun to enter the market as health foods with efficacy of clearing intestinal toxins, losing weight, reducing fat, and the like. The research on the ginger dietary fiber has certain value for promoting the efficient utilization of ginger.
And (6): adsorbing the permeate with resin, eluting the resin adsorbate with hot water, cooling the hot water eluate, concentrating with film, and drying to obtain gingerol; eluting the resin adsorbate eluted with hot water with salt solution, desalting the eluate film of the salt solution, concentrating the film, and drying to obtain curcumin.
It should be noted that gingerol is a generic term for gingerol, zingiber officinale and other pungent substances related to ginger. The gingerol has strong effect of resisting lipofuscin. Curcumin is orange yellow crystal powder, slightly bitter in taste and insoluble in water, and is mainly used for coloring products such as sausage products, cans, sauced and marinated products and the like in food production. Curcumin has the effects of reducing blood fat, resisting tumors, resisting inflammation, benefiting gallbladder, resisting oxidation and the like, and in addition, scientists find that curcumin is helpful for treating drug-resistant tuberculosis.
And (7): and drying the ginger protein liquid at low temperature to obtain the ginger protease.
It should be noted that, the research on ginger protease provides a theoretical basis for the application of ginger protease in the food field, changes the current situation that the plant protease resources in China mainly depend on a few tropical fruit resources such as pawpaw and pineapple for a long time, and is beneficial to the full utilization of ginger resources. The protease has the function of curdling, the activity and the yield of the enzyme are high, the industrial production value is high, and the ginger protease has the functions of invigorating stomach and benefiting spleen. The ginger protease can also be used as a meat tenderizer, and plays a great role in the aspects of food nutrition flavor, product processing adaptability, product stability and the like.
And (8): carrying out anaerobic fermentation on ginger fibers to obtain aged bacterial sludge and methane; purifying the biogas to obtain biogas; and (4) drying the aged bacterial sludge by hot air to obtain the special organic fertilizer.
It should be noted that the ginger residues produced in the above steps and the rotten ginger as waste can be fermented together with the waste water in the production process during anaerobic fermentation, so that the method is environment-friendly and energy-saving, can greatly improve the added value of the processed ginger product series, improves the utilization rate of ginger resources, and achieves the green ecological processing goal of no three-waste pollution and zero discharge.
Example two
A method for processing lemon resources, which is described in detail in the first embodiment.
A step (101): pulverizing rhizoma Zingiberis recens, and squeezing to obtain rhizoma Zingiberis recens cloudy juice and rhizoma Zingiberis recens coarse residue.
A step (102): centrifuging the ginger coarse residue to obtain ginger fiber and ginger protein liquid; fine filtering the ginger cloudy juice at 20 deg.C under 0.1Mpa with a precision filter with pore diameter of 0.01um to obtain ginger clear juice.
Step (103): distilling clear juice of rhizoma Zingiberis recens under reduced pressure at 50 deg.C for pre-concentrating, extracting oil, and cooling at room temperature to obtain ginger oil and distillation residue.
A step (104): and (3) performing membrane filtration on the distillation residues by adopting an ultrafiltration membrane with the aperture of 0.01um at the pressure of 0.1Mpa and the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain trapped fluid and permeate.
A step (105): drying the trapped fluid at 60 deg.C with drying duster to obtain dietary fiber.
Step (106): adsorbing the permeate with resin, eluting the resin adsorbate with 85 deg.C hot water, cooling the hot water eluate at room temperature, concentrating with reverse osmosis membrane under 1.5Mpa at a temperature below 40 deg.C, and drying at 60 deg.C with powder spray drying equipment to obtain gingerol; eluting the resin adsorbate eluted with hot water with 0.2% NaCl, desalting the saline solution eluate film at a desalting pressure of 1Mpa and a temperature below 40 deg.C, concentrating with reverse osmosis membrane at a concentration pressure of 1.5Mpa and a temperature below 40 deg.C, and drying at 60 deg.C with powder spray drying equipment to obtain curcumin.
Step (107): drying ginger protein solution at 25 deg.C to obtain ginger protease.
Step (108): carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the ginger fibers in an anaerobic fermentation device for 5 days at the temperature of 50 ℃ to obtain aged bacterial sludge and methane; purifying the biogas to obtain biogas; and (3) drying the aged bacterial sludge by hot air at 50 ℃ through a hot air dryer to obtain the special organic fertilizer.
EXAMPLE III
A method for processing lemon resources, which is described in detail in the first embodiment.
Step (201): pulverizing rhizoma Zingiberis recens, and squeezing to obtain rhizoma Zingiberis recens cloudy juice and rhizoma Zingiberis recens coarse residue.
Step (202): centrifuging the ginger coarse residue to obtain ginger fiber and ginger protein liquid; fine filtering the ginger cloudy juice at 50 deg.C under 0.6Mpa with a precision filter with pore diameter of 0.01um to obtain ginger clear juice.
Step (203): distilling clear juice of rhizoma Zingiberis recens under reduced pressure at 60 deg.C for pre-concentrating, extracting oil, and cooling at room temperature to obtain ginger oil and distillation residue.
A step (204): and (3) performing membrane filtration on the distillation residues by adopting an ultrafiltration membrane with the aperture of 0.01um at the pressure of 0.5Mpa and the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain trapped fluid and permeate.
Step (205): drying the trapped solution at 75 deg.C by drying duster to obtain dietary fiber.
Step (206): adsorbing the permeate with resin, eluting the resin adsorbate with 95 deg.C hot water, cooling the hot water eluate at room temperature, concentrating with reverse osmosis membrane under 3Mpa at temperature below 40 deg.C, and drying at 75 deg.C with powder spray drying equipment to obtain gingerol; eluting the resin adsorbate eluted with hot water with 1% NaCl, desalting the saline solution eluate film at desalting pressure of 1.5Mpa and temperature below 40 deg.C, concentrating with reverse osmosis membrane at concentration pressure of 3Mpa and temperature below 40 deg.C, and drying at 75 deg.C with powder spray drying equipment to obtain curcumin.
Step (207): drying the ginger protein solution at 30 deg.C to obtain ginger protease.
A step (208): carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the ginger fibers in an anaerobic fermentation device for 15 days at the temperature of 60 ℃ to obtain aged bacterial sludge and methane; purifying the biogas to obtain biogas; and (3) drying the aged bacterial sludge by hot air at 70 ℃ through a hot air dryer to obtain the special organic fertilizer.
It is worth explaining that, in the invention, by carrying out a pilon-type separation process on the raw ginger, all components in the ginger are separated and purified step by step from large to small according to the category content sequence, edible products including ginger essential oil, gingerol, curcumin, ginger protein, ginger dietary fiber, ginger crude fiber and the like are produced, meanwhile, rotten ginger of traditional wastes and waste water in the production process are biologically converted to produce biogas and efficient organic fertilizer, so that the environment-friendly and energy-saving processing method is environment-friendly, can greatly improve the additional value of ginger processing product series, improves the resource utilization rate, and has no three-waste pollution, thereby achieving the green ecological processing target of zero emission. In addition, in the treatment method, only water is used as a medium, and no organic solvent is added, so that the environment is not damaged during production, and the health of workers is facilitated.
The above-mentioned serial numbers of the embodiments of the present invention are merely for description and do not represent the merits of the embodiments.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (10)
1. A ginger full-resource processing method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step (1): crushing and squeezing ginger raw materials to obtain ginger cloudy juice and ginger coarse residues;
step (2): centrifuging the ginger coarse residue to obtain ginger fiber and ginger protein liquid; fine filtering the ginger cloudy juice to obtain ginger clear juice;
and (3): distilling the ginger clear juice to extract oil to obtain ginger oil and distillation residues;
and (4): filtering the distillation residues by a membrane to obtain trapped fluid and permeate;
and (5): drying and spraying the trapped fluid to obtain dietary fiber;
and (6): adsorbing the permeate liquid by resin, eluting the resin adsorbate by hot water, cooling the hot water eluent, concentrating by a membrane, and drying to obtain gingerol; eluting the resin adsorbate eluted by hot water by using a salt solution, desalting a salt solution eluate film, concentrating the film, and drying to obtain curcumin;
and (7): drying the ginger protein liquid at low temperature to obtain ginger protease;
and (8): carrying out anaerobic fermentation on the ginger fibers to obtain aged bacterial sludge and methane; purifying the biogas to obtain biogas; and drying the aged bacterial sludge by hot air to obtain the special organic fertilizer.
2. The method for recycling ginger according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the ginger cloudy juice is subjected to fine filtration by using a precision filter with a pore size of 0.01um at a pressure of 0.1-0.6Mpa and a temperature of 20-50 ℃ to obtain the ginger clear juice.
3. The method for recycling ginger completely according to claim 2, wherein in the step (3), the ginger juice is pre-concentrated by vacuum distillation at 50-60 ℃, oil is extracted, and the ginger oil is obtained by cooling at room temperature.
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein in the step (4), the distillation residue is subjected to membrane filtration by using an ultrafiltration membrane with a pore size of 0.01 μm at a pressure of 0.1-0.5MPa and a temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain the retentate and the permeate.
5. The method for recycling ginger completely according to claim 4, wherein in the step (5), the trapped fluid is dried at 60-75 ℃ by a drying powder sprayer to obtain the dietary fiber.
6. The method for recycling ginger completely according to claim 5, wherein in the step (6), the resin adsorbate is eluted by hot water at 85-95 ℃, the hot water eluate is cooled at room temperature, concentrated by a reverse osmosis membrane at a concentration pressure of 1.5-3Mpa and a temperature below 40 ℃, and then dried by powder spraying drying equipment at 60-75 ℃ to obtain the gingerol.
7. The method for recycling ginger as claimed in claim 6, wherein in the step (6), the resin adsorbate eluted with hot water is eluted with 0.2-1% NaCl, the liquid film of the salt solution eluate is desalted at a desalting pressure of 1-1.5Mpa and a temperature below 40 ℃, and then the resin adsorbate is concentrated with a reverse osmosis membrane at a concentration pressure of 1.5-3Mpa and a temperature below 40 ℃, and finally dried at 60-75 ℃ by a powder spraying drying device to obtain curcumin.
8. The method for recycling ginger completely according to claim 7, wherein in the step (7), the ginger protein solution is dried at 25-30 ℃ to obtain the ginger protease.
9. The method for recycling ginger completely according to claim 8, wherein in the step (8), the ginger fiber is subjected to anaerobic fermentation in an anaerobic fermentation device for 5-15 days at 50-60 ℃ to obtain the aged bacterial sludge and the biogas.
10. The method for recycling ginger completely according to claim 9, wherein in the step (8), the aged bacterial sludge is hot-air dried at 50-70 ℃ by a hot-air dryer to obtain the special organic fertilizer.
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