CN112795822A - High-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents
High-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy and preparation method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy and a preparation method and application thereof, wherein the casting aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11.0 to 13.0% of Si, 1.0 to 3.0% of Cu, 0.5 to 1.5% of Mg, 1.0 to 5.0% of Zn, 0.02 to 0.05% of P, less than or equal to 0.3% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.3% of unavoidable impurity elements, and the balance of Al. According to the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic type casting aluminum alloy, phosphorus and zinc are added, the two elements respectively play roles of providing a crystallization core for an eutectic silicon phase and hindering the growth of the silicon phase, the eutectic silicon is refined through the combined action of the phosphorus and the zinc, the eutectic silicon is uniformly distributed in an aluminum matrix, and the zinc also has the function of strengthening the aluminum matrix, so that the material obtains high strength and wear resistance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of metal materials, in particular to a high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
The aluminum-silicon cast aluminum alloy has good casting performance and is widely applied to the industrial fields of aerospace, automobiles and the like. The aluminum-silicon alloy is divided into eutectic type, hypo-eutectic type and hypereutectic type according to the different silicon contents, the hypo-eutectic type alloy has better mechanical property but poorer wear resistance; the hypereutectic alloy has good wear resistance, small thermal expansion coefficient and good volume stability, but has lower strength and poor cutting processability; the eutectic alloy has the best casting performance, but the strength and the wear resistance are not high, and the existing alloy can not meet the development requirements of industrial fields such as automobiles and the like, so that the application range of the alloy is limited.
Therefore, there is a need for improvement to solve the problems of the existing aluminum-silicon alloy applied to parts requiring high strength and high wear resistance, such as a dual clutch shift hub, a piston and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy, and a preparation method and application thereof, so as to solve the technical defects of low strength and wear resistance of aluminum-silicon alloy in the prior art.
In a first aspect, the invention provides a high-strength and high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11.0 to 13.0% of Si, 1.0 to 3.0% of Cu, 0.5 to 1.5% of Mg, 1.0 to 5.0% of Zn, 0.02 to 0.05% of P, less than or equal to 0.3% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.3% of unavoidable impurity elements, and the balance of Al.
Optionally, the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11.5 to 12.5% of Si, 1.9 to 2.1% of Cu, 0.9 to 1.1% of Mg, 3.0 to 4.0% of Zn, 0.03 to 0.04% of P, less than or equal to 0.3% of unavoidable impurity elements, and the balance of Al.
In a second aspect, the invention also provides a preparation method of the high-strength and high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, weighing metal or metal alloy according to the proportion, and smelting to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
s2, carrying out metal gravity casting on the aluminum alloy to obtain an aluminum alloy casting;
and S3, carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting to obtain the cast aluminum alloy.
Optionally, in the preparation method of the high-strength and high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy, S1 specifically includes:
putting the crystalline silicon, the electrolytic copper and the aluminum ingot into an electric melting furnace according to the proportion, and transmitting electricity to melt; when the temperature rises to 740-760 ℃, power is cut off, zinc and magnesium which are dried by baking are added, and after the magnesium is completely melted in the aluminum liquid, the power is continuously switched on to heat up;
when the temperature reaches 780-800 ℃, putting the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid until the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy is melted;
and adding a refining agent for refining, scattering a slag skimming agent on the surface of the aluminum melt after refining is finished, stirring the surface of the aluminum melt, standing for 10-15 minutes, and fishing out molten slag to obtain the aluminum alloy melt.
Optionally, in the preparation method of the high-strength and high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy, when the aluminum alloy is subjected to metal mold gravity casting in S2, the pouring temperature is controlled to be 720-730 ℃, and the temperature of a metal mold is controlled to be 220-230 ℃.
Optionally, in the preparation method of the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy, the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting in S3 specifically includes:
preserving heat of the aluminum alloy casting at 505-515 ℃ for 4-10 h to obtain a casting subjected to solution treatment;
transferring the casting subjected to the solution treatment to water at the temperature of 20-40 ℃ for cooling to obtain a casting subjected to quenching treatment;
and (3) preserving the heat of the quenched casting at 160-180 ℃ for 2-6 h, and finally cooling the casting to room temperature in the air.
Optionally, in the preparation method of the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic-type cast aluminum alloy, the time for transferring the casting subjected to the solution treatment into water is not more than 10 s.
Optionally, in the preparation method of the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic-type cast aluminum alloy, when the temperature of the molten aluminum is 720-750 ℃, a refining agent is added for refining.
Optionally, in the preparation method of the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy, the refining agent comprises one of manganese chloride, zinc chloride and inert gas; the slag remover comprises a sodium-free slag remover.
In a third aspect, the invention also provides application of the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy in preparation of a gear shifting hub or a piston of an automobile dual-clutch transmission.
Compared with the prior art, the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy and the preparation method and application thereof have the following beneficial effects:
(1) according to the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic type casting aluminum alloy, phosphorus and zinc are added, the two elements respectively play roles of providing a crystallization core for an eutectic silicon phase and hindering the growth of the silicon phase, the eutectic silicon is refined through the combined action of the phosphorus and the zinc, the eutectic silicon is uniformly distributed in an aluminum matrix, and the zinc also has the function of strengthening the aluminum matrix, so that the material obtains high strength and wear resistance;
(2) the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy disclosed by the invention has excellent casting performance and good processing performance by selecting components of eutectic;
(3) the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy disclosed by the invention is simple in preparation process, and can be used for producing and manufacturing gear shifting hubs and pistons of automobile dual-clutch transmissions.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below. It is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that for a person skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from them without inventive effort.
FIG. 1 is a metallographic structure diagram of a cast aluminum alloy prepared in example 3 of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a metallographic structure of a cast aluminum alloy of comparative example ZL108 according to the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the average size of eutectic silicon phases of cast aluminum alloys prepared in examples 1 to 4 of the present application and an aluminum alloy of comparative example ZL 108.
Detailed Description
In the following, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11.0 to 13.0% of Si, 1.0 to 3.0% of Cu, 0.5 to 1.5% of Mg, 1.0 to 5.0% of Zn, 0.02 to 0.05% of P, less than or equal to 0.3% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.3% of unavoidable impurity elements, and the balance of Al.
In the examples of the present application, the inevitable impurity elements include Fe, Ca, Sn, and the like.
In some embodiments, the high strength, high wear resistant eutectic cast aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11.5 to 12.5% of Si, 1.9 to 2.1% of Cu, 0.9 to 1.1% of Mg, 3.0 to 4.0% of Zn, 0.03 to 0.04% of P, less than or equal to 0.3% of unavoidable impurity elements, and the balance of Al.
The cast aluminum alloy material provided by the application has the advantages that the phosphorus element and the zinc element are added, the two elements respectively play a role in providing a crystallization core for an eutectic silicon phase and blocking the growth of the silicon phase, the eutectic silicon is refined through the comprehensive effect of the phosphorus element and the zinc element, the eutectic silicon is uniformly distributed in an aluminum matrix, and the zinc also has a function of strengthening the aluminum matrix, so that the material obtains high strength and wear resistance.
Based on the same inventive concept, the application also provides a preparation method of the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy, which comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing metal or metal alloy according to the proportion, and smelting to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
s2, carrying out metal gravity casting on the aluminum alloy to obtain an aluminum alloy casting;
and S3, carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting to obtain the cast aluminum alloy.
Specifically, S1 specifically includes: putting the crystalline silicon, the electrolytic copper and the aluminum ingot into an electric melting furnace in sequence according to the mass ratio, and then transmitting electricity to melt; when the temperature rises to 740-760 ℃, power is cut off, zinc and magnesium which are dried by baking are added, wherein when magnesium is added, a press ladle is used for pressing the magnesium into the aluminum liquid, the magnesium is stirred back and forth, and after the magnesium is completely melted in the aluminum liquid, the power is continuously switched on to heat up; when the temperature reaches 780-800 ℃, putting the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid by using a strainer according to the mass ratio until the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy is melted, and then removing slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid by using the strainer to obtain an aluminum melt; and when the temperature of the aluminum melt is in accordance with the refining temperature of 720-750 ℃, adding a refining agent for refining, after the refining is finished, scattering a slag skimming agent on the surface of the aluminum melt, fully stirring the surface of the aluminum melt by using a strainer, standing for 10-20 minutes, and then fishing the molten slag by using the strainer to obtain the aluminum alloy melt.
Specifically, when the aluminum alloy is subjected to metal mold gravity casting in S2, the pouring temperature is controlled to be 720-730 ℃, and the temperature of a metal mold is controlled to be 220-230 ℃.
Specifically, the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting in the step S3 specifically includes solution treatment, quenching treatment and aging treatment, and specifically, the solution treatment includes: placing the aluminum alloy casting in a heating furnace, and keeping the temperature at 505-515 ℃ for 4-10 h to obtain a casting subjected to solution treatment; the quenching treatment comprises the following steps: transferring the cast subjected to the solution treatment to water at the temperature of 20-40 ℃ for cooling to obtain a cast subjected to quenching treatment, wherein the time for transferring the cast subjected to the solution treatment from the heating furnace to the water is not more than 10 s; the aging treatment comprises the following steps: and (3) preserving the heat of the quenched casting at 160-180 ℃ for 2-6 h, and finally cooling the casting to room temperature in the air.
It should be noted that in the embodiment of the application, the refining agent includes manganese chloride, zinc chloride, inert gas nitrogen, argon, etc., and the slag removing agent is a sodium-free slag removing agent, specifically includes JY-D3 aluminum alloy slag removing agent, aluminum sodium-free slag removing agent-AZ 6, etc.
The preparation method of the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic-type cast aluminum alloy selects components of the eutectic type, has excellent casting performance and good processing performance, is simple in preparation process, and can be used for producing and manufacturing gear shifting hubs and pistons of automobile dual-clutch transmissions.
Based on the same invention concept, the application also provides the application of the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy in preparing the gear shifting hub or the piston of the automobile dual-clutch transmission, and it needs to be explained that the casting aluminum alloy is not only limited to the application, and in practice, parts needing high strength and high wear resistance can be prepared by adopting the aluminum alloy material.
The high-strength and high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy and the preparation method thereof are further described in the following specific examples.
Example 1
The high-strength high-wear-resistance cast aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 12.31% of Si, 1.95% of Cu, 0.95% of Mg, 0.96% of Zn, 0.04% of P, 0.26% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.3% of unavoidable impurity elements and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing metal or metal alloy according to the proportion, and smelting to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
s2, carrying out metal gravity casting on the aluminum alloy to obtain an aluminum alloy casting;
and S3, carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting to obtain the cast aluminum alloy.
Specifically, S1 specifically includes: putting the crystalline silicon, the electrolytic copper and the aluminum ingot into an electric melting furnace in sequence according to the mass ratio, and then transmitting electricity to melt; when the temperature rises to 740-750 ℃, power is cut off, zinc and magnesium which are dried by baking are added, wherein when magnesium is added, a press ladle is used for pressing the magnesium into the aluminum liquid, the magnesium is stirred back and forth, and after the magnesium is completely melted in the aluminum liquid, the power is continuously switched on to heat up; when the temperature reaches 780-790 ℃, putting the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid by using a strainer according to the mass ratio until the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy is melted, and then removing slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid by using the strainer to obtain an aluminum melt; when the temperature of the aluminum melt is 740-750 ℃, adding a refining agent manganese chloride for refining, after the refining is finished, scattering a slag skimming agent on the surface of the aluminum melt, fully stirring the surface of the aluminum melt by using a strainer, standing for 10-20 minutes, and then fishing the molten slag by using the strainer to obtain the aluminum alloy melt; wherein the slag skimming agent is aluminum sodium-free slag skimming agent-AZ 6.
Specifically, when the aluminum alloy is subjected to metal mold gravity casting in S2, the pouring temperature is controlled to be 720-730 ℃, and the temperature of a metal mold is controlled to be 220-230 ℃.
Specifically, the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting in the step S3 specifically includes solution treatment, quenching treatment and aging treatment, and specifically, the solution treatment includes: placing the aluminum alloy casting in a heating furnace, and preserving heat for 8 hours at 510 ℃ to obtain a casting subjected to solution treatment; the quenching treatment comprises the following steps: transferring the cast subjected to the solution treatment to water at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for cooling to obtain a cast subjected to quenching treatment, wherein the time for transferring the cast subjected to the solution treatment from the heating furnace to the water is not more than 10 s; the aging treatment comprises the following steps: and (3) keeping the temperature of the quenched casting at 170 ℃ for 4h, and finally cooling the quenched casting to room temperature in air.
Example 2
The high-strength high-wear-resistance cast aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 12.34 percent of Si, 1.94 percent of Cu, 0.97 percent of Mg, 1.93 percent of Zn, 0.04 percent of P, 0.26 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of unavoidable impurity elements and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing metal or metal alloy according to the proportion, and smelting to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
s2, carrying out metal gravity casting on the aluminum alloy to obtain an aluminum alloy casting;
and S3, carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting to obtain the cast aluminum alloy.
Specifically, S1 specifically includes: putting the crystalline silicon, the electrolytic copper and the aluminum ingot into an electric melting furnace in sequence according to the mass ratio, and then transmitting electricity to melt; when the temperature rises to 740-750 ℃, power is cut off, zinc and magnesium which are dried by baking are added, wherein when magnesium is added, a press ladle is used for pressing the magnesium into the aluminum liquid, the magnesium is stirred back and forth, and after the magnesium is completely melted in the aluminum liquid, the power is continuously switched on to heat up; when the temperature reaches 780-790 ℃, putting the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid by using a strainer according to the mass ratio until the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy is melted, and then removing slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid by using the strainer to obtain an aluminum melt; when the temperature of the aluminum melt is 740-750 ℃, adding a refining agent manganese chloride for refining, after the refining is finished, scattering a slag skimming agent on the surface of the aluminum melt, fully stirring the surface of the aluminum melt by using a strainer, standing for 10-20 minutes, and then fishing the molten slag by using the strainer to obtain the aluminum alloy melt; wherein the slag skimming agent is aluminum sodium-free slag skimming agent-AZ 6.
Specifically, when the aluminum alloy is subjected to metal mold gravity casting in S2, the pouring temperature is controlled to be 720-730 ℃, and the temperature of a metal mold is controlled to be 220-230 ℃.
Specifically, the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting in the step S3 specifically includes solution treatment, quenching treatment and aging treatment, and specifically, the solution treatment includes: placing the aluminum alloy casting in a heating furnace, and preserving heat for 8 hours at 510 ℃ to obtain a casting subjected to solution treatment; the quenching treatment comprises the following steps: transferring the cast subjected to the solution treatment to water at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for cooling to obtain a cast subjected to quenching treatment, wherein the time for transferring the cast subjected to the solution treatment from the heating furnace to the water is not more than 10 s; the aging treatment comprises the following steps: and (3) keeping the temperature of the quenched casting at 170 ℃ for 4h, and finally cooling the quenched casting to room temperature in air.
Example 3
The high-strength high-wear-resistance cast aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 12.31 percent of Si, 2.00 percent of Cu, 0.94 percent of Mg, 3.01 percent of Zn, 0.04 percent of P, 0.26 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of impurity elements and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing metal or metal alloy according to the proportion, and smelting to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
s2, carrying out metal gravity casting on the aluminum alloy to obtain an aluminum alloy casting;
and S3, carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting to obtain the cast aluminum alloy.
Specifically, S1 specifically includes: putting the crystalline silicon, the electrolytic copper and the aluminum ingot into an electric melting furnace in sequence according to the mass ratio, and then transmitting electricity to melt; when the temperature rises to 740-750 ℃, power is cut off, zinc and magnesium which are dried by baking are added, wherein when magnesium is added, a press ladle is used for pressing the magnesium into the aluminum liquid, the magnesium is stirred back and forth, and after the magnesium is completely melted in the aluminum liquid, the power is continuously switched on to heat up; when the temperature reaches 780-790 ℃, putting the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid by using a strainer according to the mass ratio until the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy is melted, and then removing slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid by using the strainer to obtain an aluminum melt; when the temperature of the aluminum melt is 740-750 ℃, adding a refining agent manganese chloride for refining, after the refining is finished, scattering a slag skimming agent on the surface of the aluminum melt, fully stirring the surface of the aluminum melt by using a strainer, standing for 10-20 minutes, and then fishing the molten slag by using the strainer to obtain the aluminum alloy melt; wherein the slag skimming agent is aluminum sodium-free slag skimming agent-AZ 6.
Specifically, when the aluminum alloy is subjected to metal mold gravity casting in S2, the pouring temperature is controlled to be 720-730 ℃, and the temperature of a metal mold is controlled to be 220-230 ℃.
Specifically, the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting in the step S3 specifically includes solution treatment, quenching treatment and aging treatment, and specifically, the solution treatment includes: placing the aluminum alloy casting in a heating furnace, and preserving heat for 8 hours at 510 ℃ to obtain a casting subjected to solution treatment; the quenching treatment comprises the following steps: transferring the cast subjected to the solution treatment to water at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for cooling to obtain a cast subjected to quenching treatment, wherein the time for transferring the cast subjected to the solution treatment from the heating furnace to the water is not more than 10 s; the aging treatment comprises the following steps: and (3) keeping the temperature of the quenched casting at 170 ℃ for 4h, and finally cooling the quenched casting to room temperature in air.
Example 4
The high-strength high-wear-resistance cast aluminum alloy comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 12.41 percent of Si, 1.96 percent of Cu, 0.99 percent of Mg, 4.04 percent of Zn, 0.04 percent of P, 0.26 percent of Mn, less than or equal to 0.3 percent of impurity elements and the balance of Al.
The preparation method of the cast aluminum alloy comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing metal or metal alloy according to the proportion, and smelting to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
s2, carrying out metal gravity casting on the aluminum alloy to obtain an aluminum alloy casting;
and S3, carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting to obtain the cast aluminum alloy.
Specifically, S1 specifically includes: putting the crystalline silicon, the electrolytic copper and the aluminum ingot into an electric melting furnace in sequence according to the mass ratio, and then transmitting electricity to melt; when the temperature rises to 740-750 ℃, power is cut off, zinc and magnesium which are dried by baking are added, wherein when magnesium is added, a press ladle is used for pressing the magnesium into the aluminum liquid, the magnesium is stirred back and forth, and after the magnesium is completely melted in the aluminum liquid, the power is continuously switched on to heat up; when the temperature reaches 780-790 ℃, putting the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid by using a strainer according to the mass ratio until the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy is melted, and then removing slag on the surface of the aluminum liquid by using the strainer to obtain an aluminum melt; when the temperature of the aluminum melt is 740-750 ℃, adding a refining agent manganese chloride for refining, after the refining is finished, scattering a slag skimming agent on the surface of the aluminum melt, fully stirring the surface of the aluminum melt by using a strainer, standing for 10-20 minutes, and then fishing the molten slag by using the strainer to obtain the aluminum alloy melt; wherein the slag skimming agent is aluminum sodium-free slag skimming agent-AZ 6.
Specifically, when the aluminum alloy is subjected to metal mold gravity casting in S2, the pouring temperature is controlled to be 720-730 ℃, and the temperature of a metal mold is controlled to be 220-230 ℃.
Specifically, the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting in the step S3 specifically includes solution treatment, quenching treatment and aging treatment, and specifically, the solution treatment includes: placing the aluminum alloy casting in a heating furnace, and preserving heat for 8 hours at 510 ℃ to obtain a casting subjected to solution treatment; the quenching treatment comprises the following steps: transferring the cast subjected to the solution treatment to water at the temperature of 20-30 ℃ for cooling to obtain a cast subjected to quenching treatment, wherein the time for transferring the cast subjected to the solution treatment from the heating furnace to the water is not more than 10 s; the aging treatment comprises the following steps: and (3) keeping the temperature of the quenched casting at 170 ℃ for 4h, and finally cooling the quenched casting to room temperature in air.
The tensile strength (MPa), yield strength (MPa), Hardness (HB), and coefficient of hot cracking tendency of the high-strength and high-wear-resistant cast aluminum alloy prepared in the above examples 1 to 4 and the comparative ZL108 aluminum alloy were measured, and the results are shown in table 1 below, where the strength was measured according to GB/T228-2010 "method for testing tensile strength at room temperature for metal material", and the part 1 of the brinell hardness test for metal material according to GB/T231.1-2009: test method for hardness, an MMX-3G type multifunctional friction wear tester is used for testing the wear resistance, and a metal type restraint hot cracking test rod method is used for measuring the hot cracking tendency coefficient.
TABLE 1 Properties of the aluminium alloys obtained in the different examples
| Examples | Tensile strength (MPa) | Yield strength (MPa) | Hardness (HB) | Relative wear resistance | Coefficient of hot cracking tendency |
| Example 1 | 372.5 | 288.3 | 134 | 1.11 | 52 |
| Example 2 | 376.0 | 308.0 | 139 | 1.17 | 43 |
| Example 3 | 376.9 | 310.0 | 144 | 1.38 | 47 |
| Example 4 | 378.0 | 311.4 | 145 | 1.20 | 48 |
| ZL108 aluminum alloy | 301.4 | 253.2 | 115 | 1.00 | 53 |
As can be seen from the above Table 1, the aluminum alloy prepared by the method has better tensile strength, yield strength and hardness than ZL108 aluminum alloy, and can be used for preparing parts needing high strength and high wear resistance.
The metallographic structure diagram of the cast aluminum alloy prepared in example 3 of the present application is shown in fig. 1, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that eutectic silicon is uniformly distributed in the form of fine rods. The metallographic structure diagram of the ZL108 aluminum alloy is shown in figure 2, and the comparison of figures 1-2 shows that the size of the eutectic silicon of the cast aluminum alloy prepared by the method is obviously smaller than that of the ZL108 aluminum alloy. The average sizes of eutectic silicon phases of the aluminum alloy prepared in the embodiments 1-4 and the aluminum alloy in the comparative example ZL108 are tested, and the result is shown in figure 3, and it can be known from figure 3 that the average size of the eutectic silicon of the cast aluminum alloy prepared in the application is smaller than the average size of the eutectic silicon phase of the ZL108 aluminum alloy.
The invention is not to be considered as limited to the particular embodiments shown and described, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features herein disclosed.
Claims (10)
1. The high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass: 11.0 to 13.0% of Si, 1.0 to 3.0% of Cu, 0.5 to 1.5% of Mg, 1.0 to 5.0% of Zn, 0.02 to 0.05% of P, less than or equal to 0.3% of Mn, less than or equal to 0.3% of unavoidable impurity elements, and the balance of Al.
2. The high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy according to claim 1, which comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 11.5 to 12.5% of Si, 1.9 to 2.1% of Cu, 0.9 to 1.1% of Mg, 3.0 to 4.0% of Zn, 0.03 to 0.04% of P, less than or equal to 0.3% of unavoidable impurity elements, and the balance of Al.
3. A method for preparing a high strength, high wear resistance eutectic cast aluminum alloy according to claim 1 or 2, comprising the steps of:
s1, weighing metal or metal alloy according to the proportion, and smelting to obtain an aluminum alloy melt;
s2, carrying out metal gravity casting on the aluminum alloy to obtain an aluminum alloy casting;
and S3, carrying out heat treatment on the aluminum alloy casting to obtain the cast aluminum alloy.
4. The method of preparing a high strength, high wear resistance eutectic cast aluminum alloy of claim 3, wherein S1 specifically comprises:
putting the crystalline silicon, the electrolytic copper and the aluminum ingot into an electric melting furnace according to the proportion, and transmitting electricity to melt; when the temperature rises to 740-760 ℃, power is cut off, zinc and magnesium which are dried by baking are added, and after the magnesium is completely melted in the aluminum liquid, the power is continuously switched on to heat up;
when the temperature reaches 780-800 ℃, putting the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy into the aluminum liquid until the phosphorus-copper intermediate alloy is melted;
and adding a refining agent for refining, scattering a slag skimming agent on the surface of the aluminum melt after refining is finished, stirring the surface of the aluminum melt, standing for 10-15 minutes, and fishing out molten slag to obtain the aluminum alloy melt.
5. The method of claim 3, wherein the casting temperature is controlled to 720-730 ℃ and the mold temperature is controlled to 220-230 ℃ when the aluminum alloy is subjected to the gravity casting of the metal mold in S2.
6. The method for preparing the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 3, wherein the heat treatment of the aluminum alloy casting in the step S3 specifically comprises:
preserving heat of the aluminum alloy casting at 505-515 ℃ for 4-10 h to obtain a casting subjected to solution treatment;
transferring the casting subjected to the solution treatment to water at the temperature of 20-40 ℃ for cooling to obtain a casting subjected to quenching treatment;
and (3) preserving the heat of the quenched casting at 160-180 ℃ for 2-6 h, and finally cooling the casting to room temperature in the air.
7. The method of making a high strength, high wear resistant eutectic cast aluminum alloy of claim 6, wherein the time to transfer the solution treated casting to water is no more than 10 seconds.
8. The method for preparing the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy as claimed in claim 3, wherein a refining agent is added for refining when the temperature of the molten aluminum is 720-750 ℃.
9. The method of claim 3, wherein the refining agent comprises one of manganese chloride, zinc chloride, and an inert gas; the slag remover comprises a sodium-free slag remover.
10. Use of the high-strength high-wear-resistance eutectic casting aluminum alloy as claimed in claims 1-2 in preparation of a gear shifting hub or a piston of an automobile dual-clutch transmission.
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107354349A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2017-11-17 | 长沙学院 | A kind of tank body material is with high-performance containing nearly cocrystallized Al-Si alloys of Zn and preparation method thereof |
| CN111155000A (en) * | 2020-02-29 | 2020-05-15 | 张逸智 | Rapid heat treatment strengthening high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy material for die-casting thin-walled piece and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112048649A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-08 | 江西寰球新材料科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof and automobile casting |
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Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107354349A (en) * | 2017-09-15 | 2017-11-17 | 长沙学院 | A kind of tank body material is with high-performance containing nearly cocrystallized Al-Si alloys of Zn and preparation method thereof |
| CN111155000A (en) * | 2020-02-29 | 2020-05-15 | 张逸智 | Rapid heat treatment strengthening high-strength and high-toughness aluminum alloy material for die-casting thin-walled piece and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN112048649A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-08 | 江西寰球新材料科技有限公司 | Aluminum alloy, preparation method thereof and automobile casting |
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Application publication date: 20210514 |